Andrew Goodwin theorized there are three ways a music video can connect to the song: amplification, illustration, and disjuncture. Amplification enhances the song's concept without changing the meaning. Illustration uses visuals to represent lyrics. Disjuncture takes a different, abstract approach and does not relate the video to the song. Goodwin provides examples for each type, such as Demi Lovato's "Skyscraper" video amplifying rising from the ground in the desert.