Android is an open-source, Linux-based operating system primarily designed for touchscreen mobile devices. It was developed by Android Inc, which was later acquired by Google in 2005. Key points about Android include: - It uses the Linux kernel as its core with additional software libraries for handling things like graphics, media playback, databases, and more. - Applications run in a Java-like environment using the Dalvik virtual machine rather than a classic Java virtual machine. - The software stack has seen many updates over the years through periodic version releases named after desserts or sweets.

1.
android
Ice
cream
sandwich

2. What
is
android?
• Android is a Linux-based operating system.
• An Open Handset Alliance (OHA) project.
• Open source platform.
• Designed for touchscreen mobile devices such
as smartphones and tablet computers,
developed by Google in conjunction with
the OHA.
• Code of android os is written in Java.

3. History..
• Ini5ally
developed
by
Android
Inc,
later
purchased
by
google
in
2005.
• World’s
first
Android
mobile
(T-­‐Mobile
G1)
launched
on
October
22
nd
,
2008
made
by
HTC
DREAM
INC..
• (OHA)
is
a
business
alliance
that
develops
open
standards
applica5ons
for
mobile
devices.

5. Architecture
diagram

6. • The
basic
layer
is
the
Linux
kernel.
The
whole
Android
OS
is
built
on
the
Linux
2.6
Kernel
.
•
It
is
contains
all
the
hardware
drivers.
Drivers
are
programs
that
control
and
communicate
with
the
hardware.
•
• The
Linux
kernel
also
acts
as
an
abstracCon
layer
between
the
hardware
and
other
soDware
layers.
• the
Linux
Kernel
manage
Memory
management,process
management,
networking,
security
seGngs
etc.
.

7. • The
next
layer
is
libraries.
It
is
this
layer
that
enables
the
device
to
handle
different
types
of
data.
These
libraries
are
wriJen
in
c
or
c++
language
.
• Surface
Manager:
It
is
used
for
composiCng
window
manager
with
off-­‐screen
buffering.
Off-­‐screen
buffering
means
you
cant
directly
draw
into
the
screen.your
drawings
go
to
the
off-­‐screen
buffer.
There
it
is
combined
with
other
drawings
and
final
result
will
be
show
into
the
screen.
• Media
framework:
Media
framework
provides
different
media
codecs
allowing
the
recording
of
different
media
formats
• SQLite:
SQLite
is
the
database
engine
used
in
android
for
data
storage
purposes
• WebKit:
It
is
the
browser
engine
used
to
display
HTML
content
• OpenGL:
Used
to
show
2D
or
3D
graphics
content
to
the
screen

8. • Dalvik
Virtual
Machine
• It
is
a
type
of
JVM
used
in
android
devices
to
run
apps
for
low
processing
power
and
low
memory
environments.
Unlike
the
JVM,
the
Dvn
doesn’t
run
.class
files,
instead
it
runs
.dex
files.
.dex
files
are
built
from
.class
file
at
the
Cme
of
compilaCon
and
provides
higher
efficiency.
• The
Dalvik
VM
allows
created
mulCple
instance
simultaneously
providing
security,
isolaCon,
memory
management
and
threading
support.
It
is
developed
by
Dan
Bornstein
of
Google.
• Core
Java
Libraries
• These
are
different
from
Java
SE
and
Java
ME
libraries.
However
these
libraries
provides
most
of
the
funcConaliCes
defined
in
the
Java
SE
libraries.

9. • These
are
the
blocks
that
our
applicaCons
directly
interacts
with.
• Important
blocks
of
ApplicaCon
framework
are:
• AcCvity
Manager:
Manages
the
acCvity
life
cycle
of
applicaCons
• Content
Providers:
Manage
the
data
sharing
between
applicaCons
• Telephony
Manager:
Manages
all
voice
calls.
• LocaCon
Manager:
LocaCon
management,
using
GPS
or
cell
tower
• Resource
Manager:
Manage
the
various
types
of
resources
that
we
use
in
our
ApplicaCon

10. • Applica5ons
includes
an
calendar,
email
client,
SMS
program,
maps,
making
phone
calls,
accessing
the
Web
browser,
accessing
your
contacts
list
and
others

11. Android
Versions
1.0
Beta
1.1
Beta
1.5
Cupcake
1.6
Donut
2.0
Eclair
2.1
Eclair
2.2
Froyo
2.3
Ginger
Bread
3.0
Honey
Comb
3.1
Honey
Comb
3.2
Honey
Comb
4.0
Ice
Cream
Sandwich
4.1
Jelly
Bean

12. cupcuke
HoneyComb-­‐bee
GingerBread
Ecalir
Froyo

13. Interes5ng
Facts
• The
Android
opera5ng
system
consists
of
12
million
lines
of
code
including
3
million
lines
of
XML,
2.8
million
lines
of
C,
2.1
million
lines
of
Java,
and
1.75
million
lines
of
C++.
• Also
versions
name
are
in
the
alphabe5cal
order..

14. • Google’s
Android
logo
derived
from
the
Atari
Game
called
“Gauntlet:
The
Third
Encounter”.
…compare
picture…
and
see
…

15. Icecream
sandwich
=
• Gingerbread
+
Honeycomb

16. KEY
FEATURES
of
ice
cream
sandwich
1.Cloud
Music
• Users
will
be
able
to
upload
their
libraries,
playlists,
etc.
• Access
them
virtually
anywhere
from
various
devices
whether
online
or
offline

17. 2.Powerful
web
browsing
• New
tabbed
web
browser,
allowing
up
to
16
tabs
• Automa5c
syncing
of
browser
with
users'
Chrome
bookmarks
•
For
longer
content,
you
can
save
a
copy
for
offline
reading.

18. 3.
Face
Unlock
• Android
4.0
introduces
a
completely
new
approach
to
securing
a
device,
making
each
person's
device
even
more
personal.
• Face
Unlock
is
a
new
screen-­‐lock
op5on
that
lets
you
unlock
your
device
with
your
face.

19. 4.
NFC
Sharing
(Near
Field
Communica5on)
• Bring
the
devices
together
and
the
data
shared
without
launching
an
applica5on
.
• We
will
send
web
bookmarks,
contact
info,
YouTube
videos
and
other
data.
•
Just
touch
one
Android-­‐powered
phone
to
another,
then
tap
to
send.

20. 5.Quick
responses
for
incoming
calls
•
you
can
now
quickly
respond
to
incoming
call
by
text
message,
without
needing
to
pick
up
the
call
or
unlock
the
device.

21. 6.New
lock
screen
acCons
Now
let
you
do
more
without
unlocking.
From
the
slide
lock
screen,
you
can
jump
directly
to
the
camera
for
a
picture
or
pull
down
the
no5fica5ons
window
to
check
for
messages.
When
listening
to
music,
you
can
even
manage
music
tracks
and
see
album
art.

22. 7.Live
Effects
for
transforming
video
Live
Effects
is
a
collec5on
of
graphical
transforma5ons
that
add
interest
and
fun
to
videos
captured
in
the
Camera
app.
Live
Effects
let
you
change
backgrounds
and
use
Silly
Faces
during
video.
1080p
video
recording.

23. 8.Improved
text
input
and
spell-­‐
checking
The
son
keyboard
in
Android
4.0
makes
text
input
even
faster
and
more
accurate.
Error
correc5on
and
word
sugges5on
are
improved.
Android
4.0
adds
a
spell-­‐checker
that
locates
and
underlines
errors
and
suggests
replacement
words
through
a
new
set
of
default
dic5onaries

24. 9.
MulCtasking
• Displaying
thumbnails
of
open
apps
in
a
ver5cal
stack
that
you
can
easily
scroll
through.
Even
beper,
you
can
just
swipe
an
app
off
the
screen
to
close
it.

25. 10.
Blue
Tooth
Health
Device
Profile
Android
4.0
also
introduces
built-­‐in
support
for
connec5ng
to
Bluetooth
Health
Device
Profile
(HDP)
devices.
With
support
from
third-­‐party
apps,
you
can
connect
to
wireless
medical
devices
and
sensors
in
hospitals,
fitness
centers,
homes,
and
elsewhere.

26. 11.
Control
over
network
data
• Data
usage
controls
let
you
monitor
total
usage
by
network
type
and
applica5on
and
then
set
limits
if
needed

27. Phones
and
Tabs
using
4.0
HTC
One
S
.
Samsung
Galaxy
Tab
HTC
One
X
.
7.7
HTC
Vivid.
Samsung
Galaxy
Tab
HTC
Sensa5on
4G.
8.9
Samsung
Galaxy
Nexus.
Samsung
Galaxy
Tab
Samsung
Nexus
S
4G
10.1
Samsung
Galaxy
S
2
Sony
Tablet
P
Samsung
Galaxy
S
3
Lenovo
ThinkPad
And
many
more…….
Huawei
MediaPad

28. Difference

30. Why
Android
?
1 – Open Source
2 – Flash Player Support
3 – Different Models
4 – Reasonable prices
5 – Google Apps
6 – Android Apps

31. Limita5ons
• Very
unstable
and
onen
hang
or
crash.
• Extremely
inconsistence
in
design
among
apps.
• Difficult
to
use
because
if
the
above
.
• Rela5vely
few
if
any
update
because
the
updates
come
from
phone
manufacturer
not
Google

32. Future
Scope
• Because
of
Regular
New
Versions
of
Android
,It
is
replaced
by
Android
4.1(Jelly
Bean).
•
It
is
the
most
popular
os
for
mobile
5ll
now.
• Main
advantage
is
that
it
is
open
source,so
that
many
developers
are
developing
apps
for
android.

33. CE
106
RANA
MAYUR
C
CE
107
RAO
PRIYANK
D
CE
140
GOVLI
BRIJESH