Ancient instruments
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The document describes several ancient musical instruments including the aulos, a Greek wind instrument; the lyre, a string instrument used in Greek antiquity; and the cornetto, an ancestor of the trumpet made from wood or animal horns. It also mentions plucked string instruments like the lute and theorbo as well as brass instruments like the natural trumpet without valves, and keyboard instruments such as the harpsichord. Additionally, it provides brief descriptions of woodwind instruments like the shawm, serpent, and natural horn as well as bowed string instruments including the viola da braccio and viola da gamba.
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THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
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Ancient instruments
- 2. AULOS An aulos or tibia was an ancient Greek wind instrument, depicted often in art and also attested by archaeology This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
- 3. LYRE a string instrument known for its use in Greek classical antiquity and later.
- 4. CORNETTO ancestor of trumpet, outdoor instrument developed from cow horn, then wood. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
- 5. SACKBUT Early trombone, used in sacred and secular music, accompaniment for plainsong and singing of chorales This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
- 6. LUTE Pear shaped instrument with 6-20 strings, "instrument of a gentlemen, portable, long neck which is bent at the end at a right angle,
- 7. THEORBO plucked string instrument capable of producing chords as well as a bass line.
- 8. NATURAL TRUMPET A long, double-folded trumpet without valves. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
- 9. HARPSICHORD A Baroque instrument in which the strings are plucked instead of being struck with hammers, like a piano.
- 10. SHAWM Medieval ancestor of oboe, that has a double reed produces a shrill nasal tone This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
- 11. SERPENT The serpent is a bass wind instrument that is a distant ancestor of the modern tuba.
- 12. VIOLA DA BRACCIO any bowed stringed instrument of the 16th and 17th centuries played on the shoulder such as a violin.
- 13. VIOLA DA GAMBA A bowed instrument held between the legs, having 6 or 7 gut strings and movable gut frets. A member of the family of viols that pre-dated the modern violin family. This Photo by Unknown
- 14. NATURAL HORN The simplest form of the horn consisting of a tapering brass tube with mouthpiece and bell curved upon itself and without keys or valves and producing only those tones appearing in the harmonic series.