This document provides descriptions of various woodwind, brass, string, and percussion instruments that are commonly found in orchestras and bands. It describes the basic construction and playing technique for instruments in each family such as flute, oboe, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet, trombone, violin, cello, piano, xylophone and drum set.
This document discusses the different instruments that make up a brass band, including trumpets, French horns, trombones, baritones, euphoniums, tubas, sousaphones, snare drums, bass drums, cymbals, and glockenspiels. It provides brief descriptions of each instrument, noting their size, pitch, and role in the brass band.
The document describes various musical instruments, including:
- The bongo drum, which comes in two sizes called hembra and macho. The tambourine has metal jingles and may or may not have a drumhead. Castanets are percussion instruments used to produce clicks.
- Other instruments described are the French horn, trombone, trumpet, cornet, saxophone, bugle, accordion, banjo, tuba, English horn, piccolo, clarinet, oboe, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, and bass guitar.
- String instruments like the violin, cello, xylophone, and mandolin are also outlined, along with the bow
This document provides information about four brass instruments of the orchestra: trumpet, French horn, trombone, and tuba. It describes the basic construction and playing technique of each instrument, including that trumpets are made of brass tubing bent into an oblong shape and played by blowing air through closed lips, French horns have finger-operated rotary valves and coiled tubing, trombones are characterized by a telescopic slide that varies the length of the tube to change pitches, and tubas are the largest and lowest brass instruments played by buzzing the lips into a cupped mouthpiece.
The document describes the different sections of a symphony orchestra. It outlines the conductor and their role in directing the ensemble. It then explains the string, woodwind, brass, and percussion sections. The string section includes violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. Woodwinds produce sound through blowing air into an instrument and include flutes, oboes, bassoons and English horns. Brass instruments use vibrating lips to produce sound and include trumpets, French horns, trombones and tubas. Percussion instruments make sound through being hit, shaken or scraped and include cymbals, gongs, triangles and xylophones. Special instruments occasionally used include the piano and harp
The document provides an overview of the different sections that make up an orchestra: strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion. It describes several instruments within each section, including their history, composition, and how they produce sound. The strings section includes violins, violas, cellos, and basses. Woodwinds include flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons and saxophones. Brass instruments are made of brass and produce sound through buzzing lips, such as French horns, trumpets, trombones and tubas. Percussion uses instruments struck to make sound, like drums, xylophones, and glockenspiels.
The document discusses the UKQB 1801 orchestra saxophone section. It covers the different types of saxophones including soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone. It also outlines the main parts of the saxophone including the body, neck, mouthpiece, reed, and strap. The document provides details on proper saxophone embouchure and breathing techniques for playing as well as the different playing positions.
This document discusses the different instruments that make up a brass band, including trumpets, French horns, trombones, baritones, euphoniums, tubas, sousaphones, snare drums, bass drums, cymbals, and glockenspiels. It provides brief descriptions of each instrument, noting their size, pitch, and role in the brass band.
The document describes various musical instruments, including:
- The bongo drum, which comes in two sizes called hembra and macho. The tambourine has metal jingles and may or may not have a drumhead. Castanets are percussion instruments used to produce clicks.
- Other instruments described are the French horn, trombone, trumpet, cornet, saxophone, bugle, accordion, banjo, tuba, English horn, piccolo, clarinet, oboe, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, and bass guitar.
- String instruments like the violin, cello, xylophone, and mandolin are also outlined, along with the bow
This document provides information about four brass instruments of the orchestra: trumpet, French horn, trombone, and tuba. It describes the basic construction and playing technique of each instrument, including that trumpets are made of brass tubing bent into an oblong shape and played by blowing air through closed lips, French horns have finger-operated rotary valves and coiled tubing, trombones are characterized by a telescopic slide that varies the length of the tube to change pitches, and tubas are the largest and lowest brass instruments played by buzzing the lips into a cupped mouthpiece.
The document describes the different sections of a symphony orchestra. It outlines the conductor and their role in directing the ensemble. It then explains the string, woodwind, brass, and percussion sections. The string section includes violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. Woodwinds produce sound through blowing air into an instrument and include flutes, oboes, bassoons and English horns. Brass instruments use vibrating lips to produce sound and include trumpets, French horns, trombones and tubas. Percussion instruments make sound through being hit, shaken or scraped and include cymbals, gongs, triangles and xylophones. Special instruments occasionally used include the piano and harp
The document provides an overview of the different sections that make up an orchestra: strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion. It describes several instruments within each section, including their history, composition, and how they produce sound. The strings section includes violins, violas, cellos, and basses. Woodwinds include flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons and saxophones. Brass instruments are made of brass and produce sound through buzzing lips, such as French horns, trumpets, trombones and tubas. Percussion uses instruments struck to make sound, like drums, xylophones, and glockenspiels.
The document discusses the UKQB 1801 orchestra saxophone section. It covers the different types of saxophones including soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone. It also outlines the main parts of the saxophone including the body, neck, mouthpiece, reed, and strap. The document provides details on proper saxophone embouchure and breathing techniques for playing as well as the different playing positions.
The document provides information about instruments in the woodwind, brass, and percussion sections of an orchestra. It describes each instrument's construction, how sound is produced, and includes brief histories. The woodwind instruments covered are the flute, oboe, clarinet, and bassoon. Brass instruments discussed are the trumpet, trombone, tuba, and French horn. Percussion instruments mentioned include the snare drum, cymbals, bass drum, triangle, timpani.
Brass instruments produce sound by blowing air through a mouthpiece into the instrument. Some common brass instruments are the trumpet which has a cup-shaped mouthpiece, the French horn which sounds like a human voice and is difficult to play, the trombone which has a slide mechanism to change notes, and the tuba which is the largest brass instrument and has the lowest pitch.
This document provides an overview of the four main families of musical instruments - strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion. It describes the general characteristics and some prominent examples within each family. The string family includes instruments like the violin, viola, cello, and guitar that are played with a bow or by plucking. The woodwind family uses a column of vibrating air and includes flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and others. Brass instruments like the trumpet and French horn are played by buzzing lips into a mouthpiece. Percussion instruments are divided into those with a definite pitch, like timpani and xylophone, and those without a definite pitch, including the snare
The document discusses four families of instruments - strings, brass, woodwinds, and percussion. It provides details on the individual instruments within each family, including their sound, playing technique, and any distinguishing features. For each instrument family, it lists the members and provides a brief overview of their characteristics.
The document provides details about three songs to be performed for a spring orchestra concert. It summarizes that the song "Ghost of John" uses tremolo in the strings at the beginning to create a shimmering sound effect. For "Dragon Slayer", the song is in E minor and based on six notes. "Medieval Wars" is about a tournament and is meant to transport the listener back to medieval times. The document directs listening to examples of "Dragon Slayer" and "Medieval Wars" online and lists goals for rehearsing the music, such as working on rhythms, fingering, and chord structure.
Original article: https://soundtrack.academy/brass-instruments/
Brass instruments are often seen as “loud” and “brassy” with their only purpose being marching or military use. That’s far from the truth, as brass instruments are capable of a whole range of tones; from warm, mellow horns to bright, brilliant trumpets.
We’re going to explore the brass family in this article, looking at ranges, articulations, and common uses of each instrument.
Get my FREE eBook, "The Media Scoring Guide": https://soundtrack.academy/ebook
The document discusses instruments in the brass family of the orchestra, including the trumpet, trombone, French horn and tuba. It asks the reader to identify similarities and differences between these instruments, and states that the trumpet produces the highest sound because of its smaller size compared to the other brass instruments. The brass family instruments sit towards the back of the orchestra, in front of the percussion section.
The document provides information about symphonies, including their meaning, characteristics, and history. It discusses the four movement structure of classical symphonies and some of the great masters of the genre like Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven. It also describes the standard instruments of the symphony orchestra and how they are arranged on stage.
The orchestra is comprised of four instrument families: strings, woodwinds, brass and percussion. In Bach's time in the late 1600s-early 1700s, the orchestra mainly consisted of strings with occasional use of a few woodwind and brass instruments. It was led by a harpsichord player and had no conductor. Throughout the 1700-1800s, the orchestra gradually expanded to include more woodwind and brass instruments, as well as percussion. By the 20th century, orchestras had large percussion sections and were led by conductors.
The four instrument families of the orchestra are strings, woodwind, brass, and percussion. In Bach's time in the late 1600s-early 1700s, the orchestra mainly consisted of strings with occasional use of a few woodwind and brass instruments, and was led by a harpsichord player. Through the 1700s and 1800s, the orchestra gradually expanded to include a wider variety of instruments from each family. Orchestras today are led by a conductor who directs the ensemble through gestures.
Original article: https://soundtrack.academy/string-instruments/
In this slideshare we’re going to look at the family of string instruments, including their tuning, ranges, and available articulations.
It might sound obvious, but whether you’re working with real instruments or sample libraries, knowing about the instruments you’re writing for is going to improve your music infinitely. So many composers simply open a “Full Strings” patch in their DAW and then can’t figure out why their strings don’t sound right, or realistic. While arranging for strings is a slightly more involved skill, some knowledge of ranges, articulations, and timbre of the instruments will help you make more informed decisions in your writing, and will open up a whole new world of expression to you.
Get my FREE eBook, "The Media Scoring Guide": https://soundtrack.academy/ebook
Ancient Japanese music was influenced by Chinese music which reached Japan in 680 BC. Traditional Japanese musical instruments include the shamisen, koto, and biwa. The shamisen has a hollow body with three silk strings and a long unfretted neck, and may have dogskin or catskin coverings. The koto is a Japanese zither with 13 silk-stretched strings over movable bridges. The biwa is a pear-shaped lute with four strings that plays melody and marks time. While retaining traditions, Japanese music has incorporated Western genres like jazz and chamber music, with precise classical performances and little improvisation.
Percussion instruments produce sound when struck, scraped, or shaken. They include drums, cymbals, triangles, and many others. The drum set became popular in the late 1800s after the invention of the bass drum pedal, allowing one person to play multiple drums. Other important percussion instruments include timpani, which are kettle-shaped drums that can be tuned, and melodic instruments like the xylophone and harp. String instruments produce sound through plucking, bowing, or striking their strings and include instruments in the guitar, violin, and harp families.
This document provides information about the four families of instruments in an orchestra: woodwinds, brass, strings, and percussion. It describes characteristics of instruments within each family, such as how they are played, what they look like, and how pitch is determined. It also includes a short music quiz about instrument families.
The violin is the smallest and highest pitched string instrument. The order of string instruments from highest to lowest pitch is violin, viola, cello, and double bass. The double bass is the largest and lowest pitched due to its size allowing for greater vibration. String instruments can be played by bowing or plucking, and the bow is typically made of horsehair.
For more of my uploads please visit me:
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The document discusses the four families of musical instruments: string instruments, woodwind instruments, brass instruments, and percussion instruments. It provides examples of percussion instruments, including maracas, drums, drum set, kettle drum, tambourine, cymbals, triangle, and xylophone. These percussion instruments make sound by being hit, shaken, or rubbed.
This document provides an overview of different types of musical instruments. It discusses four main categories: string instruments, whose sound is produced by vibrating strings; percussion instruments, which are played by being struck, shaken, or scraped; wind instruments, where sound is produced by blowing across an opening, reed, or reeds; and brass instruments, where the player buzzes their lips to vibrate the instrument's tubing. Examples like guitars, pianos, drums, flutes, trumpets and tubas are described. The document explains the basic mechanics of how different instruments in each category produce their sounds.
My very first reporting in college. The Instrumental Medium of Music. Art Appreciation/Humanities topic. With add on "The Ensemble Medium" with short descriptions.
P.S. I've added notes and reference links/books on the 'notes' section of the .pptx. Just download the presentation to see.
The document summarizes the different sections and instruments that make up a modern orchestra. It describes the four main sections - woodwinds, brass, strings, and percussion - and lists common instruments within each section such as flute, oboe, clarinet, and bassoon for woodwinds; trumpet, French horn, trombone, and tuba for brass; violin, viola, cello, and double bass for strings; and timpani, xylophone, tambourine, and castanets for percussion. It provides brief descriptions of how each instrument is played and its tonal qualities.
This document provides brief descriptions of various musical instruments from different families and categories. It outlines the basic components and features of timpani, cymbals, snare drums, tambourines, bongo drums, xylophones, bass drums, gongs, congas, bassoons, piccolos, clarinets, oboes, transverse flutes, English horns, violins, cellos, basses, harps, and guitars. Key details mentioned include the materials used, such as wood, metal, and skin membranes, as well as playing techniques like striking, blowing, and bowing.
The document provides descriptions of various musical instruments from around the world in 3 sentences or less per instrument. It covers string instruments like the violin, cello, guitar, and bass guitar. It also covers woodwind instruments like the saxophone, oboe, and piccolo. Additionally, it summarizes brass instruments such as the trumpet, French horn, and tuba. Percussion instruments like the xylophone, maracas, and balalaika are also described.
The document provides information about instruments in the woodwind, brass, and percussion sections of an orchestra. It describes each instrument's construction, how sound is produced, and includes brief histories. The woodwind instruments covered are the flute, oboe, clarinet, and bassoon. Brass instruments discussed are the trumpet, trombone, tuba, and French horn. Percussion instruments mentioned include the snare drum, cymbals, bass drum, triangle, timpani.
Brass instruments produce sound by blowing air through a mouthpiece into the instrument. Some common brass instruments are the trumpet which has a cup-shaped mouthpiece, the French horn which sounds like a human voice and is difficult to play, the trombone which has a slide mechanism to change notes, and the tuba which is the largest brass instrument and has the lowest pitch.
This document provides an overview of the four main families of musical instruments - strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion. It describes the general characteristics and some prominent examples within each family. The string family includes instruments like the violin, viola, cello, and guitar that are played with a bow or by plucking. The woodwind family uses a column of vibrating air and includes flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and others. Brass instruments like the trumpet and French horn are played by buzzing lips into a mouthpiece. Percussion instruments are divided into those with a definite pitch, like timpani and xylophone, and those without a definite pitch, including the snare
The document discusses four families of instruments - strings, brass, woodwinds, and percussion. It provides details on the individual instruments within each family, including their sound, playing technique, and any distinguishing features. For each instrument family, it lists the members and provides a brief overview of their characteristics.
The document provides details about three songs to be performed for a spring orchestra concert. It summarizes that the song "Ghost of John" uses tremolo in the strings at the beginning to create a shimmering sound effect. For "Dragon Slayer", the song is in E minor and based on six notes. "Medieval Wars" is about a tournament and is meant to transport the listener back to medieval times. The document directs listening to examples of "Dragon Slayer" and "Medieval Wars" online and lists goals for rehearsing the music, such as working on rhythms, fingering, and chord structure.
Original article: https://soundtrack.academy/brass-instruments/
Brass instruments are often seen as “loud” and “brassy” with their only purpose being marching or military use. That’s far from the truth, as brass instruments are capable of a whole range of tones; from warm, mellow horns to bright, brilliant trumpets.
We’re going to explore the brass family in this article, looking at ranges, articulations, and common uses of each instrument.
Get my FREE eBook, "The Media Scoring Guide": https://soundtrack.academy/ebook
The document discusses instruments in the brass family of the orchestra, including the trumpet, trombone, French horn and tuba. It asks the reader to identify similarities and differences between these instruments, and states that the trumpet produces the highest sound because of its smaller size compared to the other brass instruments. The brass family instruments sit towards the back of the orchestra, in front of the percussion section.
The document provides information about symphonies, including their meaning, characteristics, and history. It discusses the four movement structure of classical symphonies and some of the great masters of the genre like Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven. It also describes the standard instruments of the symphony orchestra and how they are arranged on stage.
The orchestra is comprised of four instrument families: strings, woodwinds, brass and percussion. In Bach's time in the late 1600s-early 1700s, the orchestra mainly consisted of strings with occasional use of a few woodwind and brass instruments. It was led by a harpsichord player and had no conductor. Throughout the 1700-1800s, the orchestra gradually expanded to include more woodwind and brass instruments, as well as percussion. By the 20th century, orchestras had large percussion sections and were led by conductors.
The four instrument families of the orchestra are strings, woodwind, brass, and percussion. In Bach's time in the late 1600s-early 1700s, the orchestra mainly consisted of strings with occasional use of a few woodwind and brass instruments, and was led by a harpsichord player. Through the 1700s and 1800s, the orchestra gradually expanded to include a wider variety of instruments from each family. Orchestras today are led by a conductor who directs the ensemble through gestures.
Original article: https://soundtrack.academy/string-instruments/
In this slideshare we’re going to look at the family of string instruments, including their tuning, ranges, and available articulations.
It might sound obvious, but whether you’re working with real instruments or sample libraries, knowing about the instruments you’re writing for is going to improve your music infinitely. So many composers simply open a “Full Strings” patch in their DAW and then can’t figure out why their strings don’t sound right, or realistic. While arranging for strings is a slightly more involved skill, some knowledge of ranges, articulations, and timbre of the instruments will help you make more informed decisions in your writing, and will open up a whole new world of expression to you.
Get my FREE eBook, "The Media Scoring Guide": https://soundtrack.academy/ebook
Ancient Japanese music was influenced by Chinese music which reached Japan in 680 BC. Traditional Japanese musical instruments include the shamisen, koto, and biwa. The shamisen has a hollow body with three silk strings and a long unfretted neck, and may have dogskin or catskin coverings. The koto is a Japanese zither with 13 silk-stretched strings over movable bridges. The biwa is a pear-shaped lute with four strings that plays melody and marks time. While retaining traditions, Japanese music has incorporated Western genres like jazz and chamber music, with precise classical performances and little improvisation.
Percussion instruments produce sound when struck, scraped, or shaken. They include drums, cymbals, triangles, and many others. The drum set became popular in the late 1800s after the invention of the bass drum pedal, allowing one person to play multiple drums. Other important percussion instruments include timpani, which are kettle-shaped drums that can be tuned, and melodic instruments like the xylophone and harp. String instruments produce sound through plucking, bowing, or striking their strings and include instruments in the guitar, violin, and harp families.
This document provides information about the four families of instruments in an orchestra: woodwinds, brass, strings, and percussion. It describes characteristics of instruments within each family, such as how they are played, what they look like, and how pitch is determined. It also includes a short music quiz about instrument families.
The violin is the smallest and highest pitched string instrument. The order of string instruments from highest to lowest pitch is violin, viola, cello, and double bass. The double bass is the largest and lowest pitched due to its size allowing for greater vibration. String instruments can be played by bowing or plucking, and the bow is typically made of horsehair.
For more of my uploads please visit me:
PPT - http://brisktopia.com/Jd3
Videos - http://brisktopia.com/K4A
FB page - http://brisktopia.com/Knf
Choir sheets are also available just ping me- http://brisktopia.com/PVd
The document discusses the four families of musical instruments: string instruments, woodwind instruments, brass instruments, and percussion instruments. It provides examples of percussion instruments, including maracas, drums, drum set, kettle drum, tambourine, cymbals, triangle, and xylophone. These percussion instruments make sound by being hit, shaken, or rubbed.
This document provides an overview of different types of musical instruments. It discusses four main categories: string instruments, whose sound is produced by vibrating strings; percussion instruments, which are played by being struck, shaken, or scraped; wind instruments, where sound is produced by blowing across an opening, reed, or reeds; and brass instruments, where the player buzzes their lips to vibrate the instrument's tubing. Examples like guitars, pianos, drums, flutes, trumpets and tubas are described. The document explains the basic mechanics of how different instruments in each category produce their sounds.
My very first reporting in college. The Instrumental Medium of Music. Art Appreciation/Humanities topic. With add on "The Ensemble Medium" with short descriptions.
P.S. I've added notes and reference links/books on the 'notes' section of the .pptx. Just download the presentation to see.
The document summarizes the different sections and instruments that make up a modern orchestra. It describes the four main sections - woodwinds, brass, strings, and percussion - and lists common instruments within each section such as flute, oboe, clarinet, and bassoon for woodwinds; trumpet, French horn, trombone, and tuba for brass; violin, viola, cello, and double bass for strings; and timpani, xylophone, tambourine, and castanets for percussion. It provides brief descriptions of how each instrument is played and its tonal qualities.
This document provides brief descriptions of various musical instruments from different families and categories. It outlines the basic components and features of timpani, cymbals, snare drums, tambourines, bongo drums, xylophones, bass drums, gongs, congas, bassoons, piccolos, clarinets, oboes, transverse flutes, English horns, violins, cellos, basses, harps, and guitars. Key details mentioned include the materials used, such as wood, metal, and skin membranes, as well as playing techniques like striking, blowing, and bowing.
The document provides descriptions of various musical instruments from around the world in 3 sentences or less per instrument. It covers string instruments like the violin, cello, guitar, and bass guitar. It also covers woodwind instruments like the saxophone, oboe, and piccolo. Additionally, it summarizes brass instruments such as the trumpet, French horn, and tuba. Percussion instruments like the xylophone, maracas, and balalaika are also described.
String and wind instruments inside the orchestra. Classwork made by Álvaro Domínguez a 1ºESO bilingual student at IES Pulido Rubio,Bonares ( Huelva) , Spain
This document provides descriptions of various musical instruments from around the world, with a focus on instruments from the Philippines. It describes instruments from different categories including woodwinds like flutes, brass instruments, string instruments like guitars and harps, and percussion instruments. The descriptions cover the instrument's country or region of origin, what it is made of, how it is played, and some basic physical characteristics.
The document provides definitions and descriptions of various musical instruments. It discusses the four main families of orchestral instruments - woodwinds, brass, percussion and strings. For each family it outlines some of the common instruments, what they are made of, and how they are played or what purpose they serve in an orchestra or musical ensemble. It also discusses the role of the conductor in coordinating an orchestra.
The document describes several common musical instruments:
The guitar is a string instrument that is typically played by strumming or plucking strings with the right hand while pressing strings on the left. The piano uses a keyboard to play strings and is widely used in classical and jazz. The violin is the smallest member of the violin family and is played by drawing a bow across strings or plucking. Flutes produce sound from the flow of air and come in various sizes from various cultures.
This document provides information on different families of musical instruments: string, woodwind, brass, and percussion. It describes various instruments within each family, including their physical characteristics, origins, and tones. Instruments discussed include the violin, flute, oboe, trumpet, trombone, xylophone, snare drum, cymbals, and more. The document aims to educate readers on the wide variety of instruments that make up orchestras and musical groups.
This document describes several common musical instruments:
- The piano is a keyboard instrument widely used in classical and jazz music. Although not portable, the piano is versatile and ubiquitous.
- The guitar comes in several types including classical, steel-string acoustic, and archtop. Guitars are string instruments that produce sound through vibration of the strings.
- The violin is the smallest string instrument in the family that also includes the viola and cello. It is played with a bow or by plucking and produces a wide range of pitches.
The document summarizes different types of musical instruments. It discusses string instruments such as the piano, guitar, violin and harp. It also discusses percussion instruments like the triangle, chimes, xylophone, tambourine and bass drum. Finally, it covers wind instruments like the piccolo, oboe and saxophone, as well as brass instruments including the tuba, trombone and trumpet. Pictures are provided of examples within each instrument family.
Fwd: Presentación de Powor Point de Erikacarolinell
---------- Mensaje reenviado ----------
De: Erika L Rodriguez Ramirez <erika.rodriguez10@upr.edu>
Fecha: 9 de abril de 2008 15:00
Asunto: Presentación de Powor Point de Erika
Para: enoc.diaz@upr.edu
Profesor estuve intentando de gravar la presentacion y los sonidos no
grababan se perdian en el proceso y luego no me queria guardar los cambios
al mismo CD se lo envio por email por estos inconvenientes. Disculpeme.
Erika
An orchestra is a large musical ensemble comprised of instrumentalists from four instrument families: strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion. Orchestras can vary in size, with a symphony orchestra having over 100 players and a chamber orchestra having fewer than 50 members. Each instrument family produces sound in a distinct way, such as vibrating strings, blowing into reed or brass instruments, or striking percussion instruments. Together, an orchestra can create inspiring moods and feelings through the unique timbres of its instruments.
I got this powerpoint presentation in the web, but i modified it, edited and made it kind if more ellaborate than the original and omitted some not so relevant slides. This is kind of short but still, it is substantially enough. :)
Don't forget to thank me if you download this:)
This document discusses different types of musical instruments. It begins by defining a musical instrument as a device constructed to make music. The oldest known instrument is the flute, dating back 35,000 years. Musical instruments are then categorized into strings, percussion, wind, and brass families. Examples like the guitar, piano, violin, harp, chimes, xylophone, flute, piccolo, oboe, saxophone, tuba, trombone and trumpet are described along with how their sounds are produced.
The document discusses various types of musical instruments categorized into string, woodwind, brass, and percussion instruments. It provides descriptions of specific instruments within each category such as violin, flute, trumpet, and xylophone. For each instrument, it lists their key characteristics and components that produce sound.
Timbre refers to the color or quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another. The human voice can be classified according to quality and range, with male voices ranging from tenor to bass and female voices from soprano to alto. An orchestra contains musicians playing instruments from four sections - strings, woodwinds, brass and percussion. Each section contains various instruments with distinct timbres and roles in the orchestra.
Music Arts P.E. H 6 MUSIC PPT Q4 - TimbreRoyRebolado1
This document discusses timbre and the orchestra. It defines timbre as the color of sound produced by voices and instruments, distinguishing one from another. It describes the classification of voices by range, from the tenor and soprano being the highest male and female voices, to bass and alto being the lowest. The document then discusses the orchestra, describing the sections (strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion), and provides examples of instruments in each section.
The document discusses Camille Saint-Saëns' composition "The Carnival of the Animals". It provides biographical details about Saint-Saëns, describing that he was born in Paris in 1835 and was a famous French composer. It also gives short biographies of Ludwig van Beethoven and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The document then classifies musical instruments and describes the flute, clarinet, piano, violin, viola, cello, and double bass. It concludes by listing which instruments represent animals in "The Carnival of the Animals" composition.
Baroque music from 1600-1750 is highly ornamented and elaborate. It features contrapuntal textures where melodies weave together. Some important Baroque composers included Bach, Handel, and Vivaldi. The Baroque orchestra was small, featuring strings and woodwinds like recorders, oboes and bassoons. Brass included trumpets without valves. Keyboards like the harpsichord were popular. Concertos emerged, featuring a solo instrument accompanied by orchestra.
3. The flute is the instrument that serves as the soprano
voice in most bands, orchestras, and woodwind
groups. Most flutes are made of metal and consist
chiefly of a tube with a mouthpiece near one end.
The musician holds the flute horizontally and blows
across an oval shaped hole in the mouthpiece. At
the same time, the musician presses levers on the
flute, called keys. The keys, when depressed and
released, open and close tone holes on the flute to
produce different notes. The concert flute, which is
tuned in the key of C, is the most popular flute and
has a three octave range. Other members of the
flute family include the piccolo, the alto flute, and
the bass flute.
4. The oboe is the smallest and highest
pitched double reed instrument. It has a
cylindrical wooden body with keys along
the length of its body. The oboe has a
range of about three octaves but is
extremely difficult to play. The oboe
requires alot of air to play, and the
musician must learn proper breathing
techniques.
5. The clarinet, a member of the woodwind family,
usually consists of a long tube with a mouthpiece at
one end and a bell-shaped opening at the other
end. Usually made of wood, the clarinet has tone
holes that are covered by small metal levers. To
create sound, the musician blows on a flat cane reed
that is attached to the mouthpiece. As the reed
vibrates, a full, rich tone is produced. By pushing the
keys to close and open the tone holes on the
instrument, the pitches of the tone can be changed.
Clarinets are manufactured in four keys; the most
common band instrument is the B-flat clarinet. This
clarinet has a range of about three-and-one-half
octaves.
6. The bassoon is a double reed instrument. It is
made up of about eight feet of cylidrical wood
tubing. There are four joints in the bassoon: the
bass joint, the tenor join, the double joint, and
the bell joint. The bell joint is slightly flared and is
attactched at the bottom to the bass joint. This is
set in turn to the tenor joint which is then set into
the double joint. The double reed mouthpiece is
attached to a crook in the tenor joint. The
bassoon usually has about ten key controlled
holes on the body as well has eight finger holes.
The musician plays the basson by putting his or
her lips on the double reed, blowing through the
instrument, and changing fingerings on the keys
and holes to create different tones
7. The saxophone is a member of the reed-sounded wind
instruments. In its construction, it combines the single reed
and mouthpiece of the clarinet, a metal body, and a
widened version of the conical bore of the oboe. Most
saxophones are curved at the bottom so they resemble
the bass clarinet. A few, however, such as the soprano
saxophone, are straight and look very similar to a clarinet.
The saxophone body contains twenty openings that are
covered by keys. These keys can be opened or closed in
groups by the musician by depressing and releasing six
studs, or finger plates. Two additional holes are located on
the body of the instrument to produce notes an octave
above or below the normal range of the instrument. The
most common saxophones, the soprano, the alto, and the
tenor, have a range of about two and a half octaves
10. The trumpet is a popular brass instrument
that is played in both bands and orchestras.
The trumpet player produces tones by
vibrating his or her lips and blowing into a
cup-shaped mouthpiece. Notes on the
trumpet can be changed by changing
fingerings on the trumpet's three valves and
by changing lip tension. Most modern
bands use trumpets that are pitched in the
key of B flat and have a tube of four and a
half feet. This tube makes up the majority of
the instrument
11. The French horn, or the orchestral horn, is a member
of the brass family, and consists of a metal tube that
is about twelve feet long. The tube is coiled into a
circular shape which flares into a bell at the base of
the instrument. A musician plays the French horn by
vibrating his or her lips in funnel shaped mouthpiece.
The musician can then change the pitch of the
instrument by moving the three valves and by
changing his or her lip tension. The valves are usually
fingered with the musician's left hand while the
musician places his or her right hand in the bell of the
instrument to create additional pitches and variations
in tone qualities
12. The trombone is a brass-wind instrument
that is most typically used as the tenor
voice in a brass section. It has a cup-
shaped mouthpiece, a slide mechanism,
and a nine foot tube that is folded to
overlap in the center. Most trombones are
made out of brass though some are
sometimes nickel-plated. With the slide
closed, the trombone produces the third B-
flat below middle C as its fundamental
note. Some orchestras also use bass
trombones which have a lower
fundamental note
13. Tuba is the general name for several musical instruments
which are the newest additions to the brass family. Tubas
are the largest instruments in the brass family and also
have the lowest pitch. The tuba, unlike most other brass
instruments is held vertically when it is played. Sound is
produced when the musician vibrates his or her lips into a
cup shaped mouthpiece. Notes can then be changed
when the musician changes his or her lip tension or
fingering on the instrument's valves. The most popular type
of tube is the baritone tuba, also known as the
euphonium. This type of tuba usually has three or four
valves and is most common in concert and marching
bands. The upright tuba is usually used in symphony
orchestras. This tuba has three to five valves and is
generally larger than the baritone tuba.
15. The violin, which is probably the best known orchestral
instrument, is a stringed instrument that is played with a bow. The
violin is the highest pitched member of the violin family, which
also includes the viola, the cello, and the double bass. The violin
consists of several main parts: the front, the ribs, the neck, the
fingerboard, the peg box, the scroll, the bridge, the tailpiece,
and the f-holes. The front, also known as the top, belly, or
soundboard is usually made of well-seasoned spruce, while the
back is made of well-seasoned maple.
When a violin is made, the front, back, and ribs are joined
together to create a hollow sound box. The four strings of the
violin are fastened to the tailpiece, rest on the bridge of the
violin, are suspended over the fingerboard, and run to the peg
box. At the peg box, they are attached to tuning pegs which
can be turned to alter the pitch of the string. By changing the
position of his or her fingers on the fingerboard, different pitches
are made. Then the player draws a bow across the strings at a
right angle to produce a tone. It is about 75 cm. long and has a
band of horse hair strung from one end to the other.
16. The viola is the second highest pitched
member of the violin family. It has four
strings tuned to the notes c, g, d, and a.
Music for the viola is written in the alto
clef. Violas vary in size, although they are
always larger and tuned lower than
violins.
17. The cello, also known as violoncello, is a stringed
instrument which is part of the violin family. It is
played with a bow much like the violin. It is also
shaped liked a violin but is much larger. The cello is
about four feet long and one and a half feet across
at its widest part and, therefore, this member of the
violin family is played sitting down. Supported by an
end pin which is placed on the floor, the cello is then
placed between the knees of the musician and
played with a large bow. The cello, like a violin, also
has four strings and notes are changed on the
instrument when the musician changes his or her
fingerings on the neck of the instrument. The cello's
range can, therefore, extend over more than four
octaves.
18. The double bass (also known as the string
bass, bass viol, or contrabass) is the largest
and lowest pitched string instrument of the
violin family. It is usually six feet high and has
four strings. Some basses have an optional
mechanism that allows the player to
lengthen one string, thereby lowering the
pitch. To create sound, the player's left
hand sets the pitch on the neck of the bass
while the right hand either plucks the strings
or uses a bow across them.
19. The harp is a stringed instrument and
produces a sound by plucking the strings
which are perpendicular to the body of
the instrument. The strings themselves run
between a neck and a sound box also
known as the body or resonator.
The modern orchestral harp has forty-six
strings. The instrument has six and a half
octaves with no accidentals. To produce
sharp or flat notes, pedals which control
strings in each octave are depressed to
certain degrees thereby creating different
steps.
20. The guitar is a string instrument constructed
from wood and strung with either nylon or
steel strings. The modern guitar was
preceded by the lute, vihuela, four-course
renaissance guitar and five-course baroque
guitar; all of which contributed to the
development of the modern six-string
instrument.
There are three main types of modern
guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string
guitar), the acoustic guitar, and the electric
guitar
21. The piano is a musical instrument played mainly by
means of a keyboard. It is one of the most popular
instruments in the world. Although not portable and
often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity
have made it one of the world's most familiar musical
instruments.
Pressing a key on the piano's keyboard causes a felt-
covered hammer to strike steel strings. The hammers
rebound, allowing the strings to continue vibrating at
their resonant frequency. These vibrations are
transmitted through a bridge to a sounding board
that more efficiently couples the acoustic energy to
the air. The sound would otherwise be no louder than
that directly produced by the strings. When the key is
released, a damper stops the string's vibration.
22. XYLOPHONE
DRUM SET
TIMPANI
CYMBALS
TRIANGLE
GONG
MARACAS
TAMBOURINE
23. The xylophone is a mallet percussion
instrument. It consists of a set of
graduated wooden bars which are hit
with mallets to produce a tone.
Xylophones were used in Southeast Asia
during the 1300s and spread to Africa,
Latin America, and Europe.
24. The first drum sets were put together in the late
1800s sometime after the invention of the bass
drum pedal. This invention made it possible for
one person to play several percussion
instruments at one time.
The drum set, also commonly referred to as
drum kit, is a collection of percussion
instruments which is played by one musician. It
usually includes a bass drum, a snare
drum, several cymbals, and tom toms. Other
percussion instruments such as cowbells and
woodblocks are sometimes included.
25. The timpani is often called a kettledrum
because it is shaped like a kettle. The timpani
has a large copper or fiberglass shell with a
single drumhead. It also has a pedal
mechanism which allows the musician to adjust
the tension of the drumhead, thereby tuning
the drum to different pitches. This makes the
timpani the only drum which can produce
definite musical notes. To produce the deep
tone of the timpani, its drumheads are hit with
mallets. Mallets are made of soft and hard felt
or wood and will produce different tones on
the timpani. Timpani are most often played in
pairs or groups of four.
26. Cymbals, thin round concave plates
(usually made from copper-tin
alloy), have been known since the
Middle Ages. Often used in religious
ceremonies, they became part of the
orchestra around the 18th century and
are played by dashing two together or
by being struck separately by beaters.
27. TRIANGLE : The triangle is another commonly used
percussion instrument. The instrument is made by
bending a steel rod into a triangle shape with an
opening at one corner. It is suspended by a string
and struck with a steel beater to produce a tone. The
instrument has been used in Europe since the 14th
century.
GONG: The gong is a bronze disk which, when struck
by a beater, produces a rich ringing sound. Many
gongs have a central dome and a turned down
outside rim. The gong has obscure origins in the
Middle East or South East Asia and by the 9th century
had migrated to Indonesia. The gong then made its
way to Europe by the 18th century
28. MARACAS: Maracas are egg-shaped musical
rattles that are played in pairs. They originated
in South America and were first made from
dried gourd shells that were filled with beans or
beads. A handle was attached so the gourd
shells could be shaken. Today maracas are
made from plastic or wood. They are often
used in Latin American music.
TAMBOURINE: A tambourine is a single-headed
frame drum that has jingling metal disks set in
its frame. It can be struck, shaken, or rubbed to
produce a tone.