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BBaasseedd Based oonn on PPoowweerr Power PPooiinntt Point bbyy by MMss.. Ms. SSuussaann Susan MM.. PPoojjeerr,, CChhaappppaaqquuaa,, NNYY 
MMooddiiffiieedd bbyy JJaanneett PPaarreejjaa,, EEvvaannssvviillllee,, IINN
AAnncciieenntt 
RRiivveerr VVaalllleeyy CCIIVVIILLIIZZAATTIIOONNSS 
LLooeessss
Many regions, many kingdoms…the 
Shang are just one…
SShhaanngg
SShhaanngg PPoolliittiiccss 
• LLooccaall KKiinnggss 
– ““rruulleedd bbyy pprrooccllaammaattiioonn // ffiiaatt”” -- no written law 
– DDeecceennttrraalliizzeedd – NOT a unified country 
• WWaarrrriioorr AArriissttooccrraaccyy 
– enforced royal will! 
– Warfare, hunting, feasting, 
exchanging gifts, favors. 
• ““RRuulleedd ffrroomm hhoorrsseebbaacckk”” 
• King traveled to ensure loyalty.
FFEEUUDDAALL SSoocciiaall HHiieerraarrcchhyy 
SSoocciiaa 
ll 
HHiieerraa 
rrcchhyy 
• King & family 
• Hereditary Landed 
Aristocracy 
– Nobility, Warriors 
– Peasants worked their 
land 
• Scribes 
• Artisans- silk, pottery… 
• Merchants 
• Peasants 
• Slaves 
WWhhoo iiss ““mmiissssiinngg??””
“A wise man honors the gods, but 
keeps a distance.” 
Ancient CChhiinneessee SSoocciieettyy wwaass 
SSEECCUULLAARR
•UUrrbbaann!! 
– Ao 
• Wall 33’high x 66’ thick - pounded earth 
– Yin - 
• Complex of palaces, archives, 
neighborhoods, foundries, workshops, 
burial grounds…Lavish tombs w/ sacrificial 
victims.
• Patriarch: 
– Presided at ceremonies at 
home: HHoonnoorr AAnncceessttoorrss. 
– Mediated family problems 
– Made decisions for family 
• DDeeffeerreennccee,, rreessppeecctt,, && 
oobbeeddiieennccee oowweedd bbyy 
wwhhoollee ffaammiillyy..
AAgg ““SSuurrpplluuss””  King (TTaaxxeess) 
– To pay mmiilliittaarryy (hhuuggee aarrmmiieess);; ppoolliittiiccaall aalllliieess 
- To pay advisors, ministers, craftsmen, metal smiths, architects… 
SSeerrvviiccee  King 
- CCoonnssccrriippttiioonn: Military, public 
works
PPeeaassaannttss == MMoosstt ppeeooppllee 
– Did not own land - served their lord: 
• Agricultural, military, and labor services 
• Given plots to cultivate for their own needs 
– Received Security & Law 
• protected & protected by lords
PPeeaassaannttss 
• Very basic living conditions. 
GGeennddeerr RRoolleess 
• Men- outdoors- work the fields, 
hunt, fish, soldiers. Patriarch. 
• Women (most classes) 
– Duties indoors – make wine, 
weave, silk. 
- Poorest women worked with 
husband outside. 
– Obedient, quiet, hard-working. 
– Order the household.
SSoocciiaa 
ll 
CCllaassss 
eess 
SSllaavveess 
•LLaarrggee ccllaassss 
•POW, criminals 
•Hardest labor – 
clear fields, build 
city walls 
•Shang - sacrificed 
for funerals, other 
rituals.
SShhaanngg TTeecchhnnoollooggyy:: 
sseeccrreett ttoo ssuucccceessss!! 
• IIRRRRIIGGAATTIIOONN!! 
• WWrriitttteenn rreeccoorrddss 
• AAccccuurraattee CCaalleennddaarr 
• DDeecciimmaall ssyysstteemm ooff nnuummbbeerrss 
• HHoorrsseess && wwhheeeelleedd cchhaarriioottss 
• SSiillkk PPrroodduuccttiioonn 
• EExxppeerrtt ppootttteerrss 
• SShhaanngg MMoonnooppoollyy oonn BBrroonnzzee 
MMeettaalllluurrggyy!! 
WWhhiittee jjaaddee ssppeeaarrhheeaadd,, BBrroonnzzee sshhaafftt
SShhaanngg BBrroonnzzee
TThhee EEvvoolluuttiioonn ooff CChhiinneessee 
WWrriittiinngg bbeeggaann dduurriinngg tthhee SShhaanngg 
PPiiccttooggrraapphh 
ss 
SSeemmaannttiicc-- 
PPhhoonneettiiccss
OOrraaccllee BBoonneess
““CChhuunngg KKuuoo”” 
((TThhee ““MMiiddddllee KKiinnggddoomm””))
“Barbarians” 
• Desert and steppes 
• Seen as culturally 
backward & morally inferior to Chinese 
– Why? 
• War campaigns  POWs  slaves in 
Shang capital
• Zhou conquered the 
Shang 
• LLeeggiittiimmiizzaattiioonn:
MMaannddaattee ooff HHeeaavveenn 
• Heaven smiles on the ““ssoonn ooff hheeaavveenn”” 
– Must govern justly, maintain order, balance 
& harmony, bring prosperity… 
– Keep mandate as long as he & his dynasty 
are successful 
• If ruler fails in duties  chaos & 
suffering in his realm 
– Cosmos out of balance  heaven is 
displeased  
– Mandate will be given to another more 
deserving candidate: heaven will “smile” on 
someone else…
A new 
dynasty 
comes to power. 
The 
Dynastic 
Cycle 
Lives of common 
people improved; 
taxes reduced; 
farming encouraged. 
Problems begin 
(extensive wars, 
invasions, etc.) 
Taxes increase; 
men forced to 
work for army. 
Farming neglected. 
Govt. increases 
spending; 
corruption. 
Droughts, 
floods, 
famines occur. 
Emperor is 
defeated !! 
Rebel bands find 
strong leader who 
unites them. 
Attack the emperor. 
Poor loose 
respect for govt. 
They join rebels 
& attack landlords. 
The emperor 
reforms the govt. 
& makes it more 
efficient. 
Start here
RReellaattiioonnsshhiipp wwiitthh NNoommaaddss 
• LLoovvee//HHaattee 
– Tense: constant raids by 
nomads 
– Nomadic guides for 
travelers 
• SSyymmbbiioossiiss- 
– GGrraaiinnss & agricultural goods 
– For HHoorrsseess & other goods 
made by nomads
ZZhhoouu CCooiinnss -- bbrroonnzzee
Evolution of Chinese characters
ZZhhoouu LLiitteerraattuurree 
• Book of Changes 
– how to foretell the future 
• Book of History 
– Zhou historical documents & 
justification, for royalty & elites 
• Book of Etiquette / Rites 
– for aristocrats 
• BBooookk ooff SSoonnggss // BBooookk 
ooff PPooeettrryy 
– bbyy && ffoorr ccoommmmoonn ppeeooppllee 
Some written on silk, bamboo- lost!
Not just the ideas of the Elite…But also the Voice 
of the Chinese People… 
ZZHHOOUU PPOOEETTRRYY
ZZh 
h 
oo 
uu 
TT 
ee 
cc 
hh 
nn 
ool 
BBrroonnzzee aanndd …… IIrroonn 
• ZZhhoouu ddiidd nnoott mmoonnooppoolliizzee 
bbrroonnzzee pprroodduuccttiioonn 
– Bronze tools in Agriculture. 
– Subordinates built 
arsenals. 
• IIrroonn mmeettaalllluurrggyy aarrrriivveedd && sspprreeaadd 
rraappiiddllyy:: 
– Cheaper, more abundant 
– Government could not monopolize 
– Uprising! Subordinates resisted 
central government…
DDeecclliinnee ooff tthhee ZZhhoouu…… 
• Nomads invaded 
• Subordinates rebelled 
– Built own kingdoms 
– Fought for hegemony 
PPeerriioodd ooff tthhee 
WWaarrrriinngg 
SSttaatteess 
Knife Coins
440033--222211 BBCCEE.. 
WWaarrrriinngg SSttaatteess PPeerriioodd 
•CChhaaooss!!
PPeerriioodd ooff tthhee 
HHuunnddrreedd SScchhoooollss 
““GGoollddeenn AAggee 
ooff CChhiinneessee 
PPhhiilloossoopphhyy”” 
: 
–IIttiinneerraanntt sscchhoollaarrss - 
often served as advisers to state rulers on 
methods of governing, war, diplomacy. 
–Period ended with the rise of Qin & 
purging of dissent. 
777700--222211 BBCCEE
11.. SScchhooooll ooff SScchhoollaarrss:: 
Kǒng Fūzǐ 
SSoocciiaall PPhhiilloossoopphhyy –– NNOOTT 
RREELLIIGGIIOONN 
OOffffeerreedd PPRRAACCTTIICCAALL 
ssuuggggeessttiioonnss 
““IInnvveenntteedd nnootthhiinngg –– jjuusstt rreellaayyiinngg 
wwiissddoomm ooff tthhee ssaaggeess && ccllaassssiiccss”” 
GGooaall:: RReeffoorrmm 
SSoocciieettyy!! 
OOrrddeerr,, hhaarrmmoonnyy,, 
kkiinnddnneessss 
AAddvvooccaatteedd aaccttiivvee,, dduuttiiffuull 
rroollee ooff eedduuccaatteedd mmeenn iinn 
tthhee 
CONFUCIUS
CCoonnffuuCCiiaanniissmm 
– 55 SSoocciiaall 
RReellaattiioonnsshhiippss 
– JJuunnzzii -- wwiissee,, eedduuccaatteedd 
““ssuuppeerriioorr mmeenn”” ttoo 
aaddvviissee tthhee lleeaaddeerrss 
EEttiiqquueettttee // DDiisscciipplliinnee // 
EEdduuccaattiioonn // GGeenneerraalliissttss 
// MMoorraall eexxaammpplleess!!
““TThhee AAnnaalleeccttss”” 
• WWrriitttteenn LLAATTEERR bbyy CCoonnffuucciiuuss’’ 
ffoolllloowweerrss 
• QQ && AA ffoorrmmaatt 
• WWiissee ssaayyiinnggss:: 
– eeaassyy ttoo rreellaattee ttoo uunnddeerrssttaanndd 
– EEaassyy ttoo ffoollllooww 
– EExxaammpplleess,, ssttoorriieess -- ppaarraabblleess 
HHaannddoouutt!!!!
HHeeiirrss ttoo CCoonnffuucciiuuss 
AA.. MMeenncciiuuss ((MMeenngg KKoo)) 
– PPeeooppllee aarree GGOOOODD:: 
• RRuullee tthheemm ssoo tthheeiirr 
ggooooddnneessss ddeevveellooppss 
• EEdduuccaattiioonn 
– EEggaalliittaarriiaann tthhiinnkkiinngg 
– CCoonnsseenntt ooff ccoommmmoonn 
ppeeooppllee iiss bbaassiiss ffoorr 
ppoolliittiiccaall ppoowweerr ((iinncclluuddeess 
MMaannddaattee ooff HHeeaavveenn))
HHeeiirrss ttoo CCoonnffuucciiuuss 
BB.. XXuunnzzii 
– PPeeooppllee aarree llaazzyy aanndd EEVVIILL 
– SSttrroonngg aauutthhoorriittaarriiaann 
ggoovveerrnnmmeenntt ttoo ccuurrbb 
sseellffiisshhnneessss && ccaappaacciittyy ttoo 
hhaarrmm ootthheerrss 
– IImmpprroovvee ppeeooppllee wwiitthh 
ssttrroonngg llaawwss && eedduuccaattiioonn 
– CCoommmmoonn ppeeooppllee aarree nnoott 
tthhee ssoouurrccee ooff ppoolliittiiccaall 
ppoowweerr..
22.. SScchhooooll ooff tthhee WWaayy 
•IInnddiivviidduuaall rreettrreeaattss iinnttoo 
NNaattuurree rraatthheerr tthhaann 
wwoorrkkiinngg ffoorr cchhaannggee iinn 
ssoocciiaall// ppoolliittiiccaall ssoocciieettyy 
•LLaaoozzii 
SSoommee bbuurreeaauuccrraattss wweerree 
CCoonnffuucciiaanniisstt bbyy ddaayy && 
DDaaooiisstt bbyy nniigghhtt…… 
WWhhaatt ddooeess tthhaatt mmeeaann??
DDaaooiissmm 
– SSttrreesssseedd nnoonn--aaccttiioonn oovveerr 
ppoolliittiiccaall ppoowweerr…… 
““WWuu WWeeii”” 
– SSeellff--eexxaammiinnaattiioonn && aapppprreecciiaattiioonn 
ooff nnaattuurree;; nnoott MMaasstteerryy ooff OOtthheerrss 
oorr rruullee ooff ssttaattee.. 
– AAddvviiccee ttoo kkiinnggss:: 
• CCuullttiivvaattee ppaattiieennccee,, 
sseellfflleessssnneessss,, ccoonncceerrnn ffoorr 
wweellffaarree ooff aallll ccrreeaattuurreess 
• CChhaassttiisseedd ffoorr eennjjooyyiinngg wwaarr && 
eexxcceessssiivvee pplleeaassuurree wwhhiillee 
ppooppuullaattiioonn iiss hhuunnggrryy
Those who rebel against the basic rules of the universe sever their oowwnn rroooottss aanndd 
rruuiinn tthheeiirr ttrruuee sseellvveess.. YYiinn aanndd yyaanngg……aarree tthhee bbeeggiinnnniinngg aanndd tthhee eenndd ooff eevveerryytthhiinngg aanndd 
tthheeyy aarree aallssoo tthhee ccaauussee ooff lliiffee aanndd ddeeaatthh.. TThhoossee wwhhoo ddiissoobbeeyy tthhee llaawwss ooff tthhee uunniivveerrssee 
wwiillll ggiivvee rriissee ttoo ccaallaammiittiieess aanndd vviissiittaattiioonnss,, wwhhiillee tthhoossee wwhhoo ffoollllooww tthhee llaawwss ooff tthhee 
uunniivveerrssee rreemmaaiinn ffrreeee ……ffoorr tthheeyy aarree tthhee oonneess wwhhoo hhaavvee oobbttaaiinneedd TTaaoo,, tthhee RRiigghhtt 
WWaayy…….. AAnnyytthhiinngg ccoonnttrraarryy ttoo hhaarrmmoonnyy ((wwiitthh nnaattuurree)) iiss ddiissoobbeeddiieennccee aanndd mmeeaannss 
rreebbeelllliioonn ttoo nnaattuurree..
33.. SScchhooooll ooff LLaaww ((LLeeggaalliissmm)) 
• HHaann FFeeiizzii ((dd.. 223333)) 
• PPrroossppeerriittyy ooff tthhee 
SSttaattee,, mmaarrttiiaall 
pprroowweessss,, aanndd oorrddeerr 
aarree mmoorree iimmppoorrttaanntt 
tthhaann mmoorraalliittyy oorr tthhee 
wweellffaarree ooff tthhee 
cciittiizzeennss..
LLEEGGAALLIISSMM 
““TThhee BBooookk ooff LLoorrdd SShhaanngg”” 
AABBSSOOLLUUTTEE PPOOWWEERR ooff 
LLaaww –– EEvveenn oovveerr RRuulleerr!! 
–PPeeooppllee eexxiisstt ttoo sseerrvvee ssttaattee 
–RRuulleerr’’ss dduuttyy ttoo ppeeooppllee:: 
• EEnnffoorrccee ssttrriicctt llaawwss ssttrriiccttllyy-- hhaarrsshh 
ppuunniisshhmmeenntt 
–QQiinn SShhii HHuuaannggddii lleeggiittiimmiizzeedd hhiiss rruullee 
RReeaaddiinngg ffrroomm tthhee BBooookk ooff LLoorrdd SShhaanngg
NNeexxtt ttiimmee…… 
WWiillll CChhiinnaa uunniiffyy?? 
WWhhoo iiss QQiinn?????? 
SSttaayy ttuunneedd!!

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Ancient China: Shang & Zhou

  • 1. BBaasseedd Based oonn on PPoowweerr Power PPooiinntt Point bbyy by MMss.. Ms. SSuussaann Susan MM.. PPoojjeerr,, CChhaappppaaqquuaa,, NNYY MMooddiiffiieedd bbyy JJaanneett PPaarreejjaa,, EEvvaannssvviillllee,, IINN
  • 2. AAnncciieenntt RRiivveerr VVaalllleeyy CCIIVVIILLIIZZAATTIIOONNSS LLooeessss
  • 3. Many regions, many kingdoms…the Shang are just one…
  • 5. SShhaanngg PPoolliittiiccss • LLooccaall KKiinnggss – ““rruulleedd bbyy pprrooccllaammaattiioonn // ffiiaatt”” -- no written law – DDeecceennttrraalliizzeedd – NOT a unified country • WWaarrrriioorr AArriissttooccrraaccyy – enforced royal will! – Warfare, hunting, feasting, exchanging gifts, favors. • ““RRuulleedd ffrroomm hhoorrsseebbaacckk”” • King traveled to ensure loyalty.
  • 6. FFEEUUDDAALL SSoocciiaall HHiieerraarrcchhyy SSoocciiaa ll HHiieerraa rrcchhyy • King & family • Hereditary Landed Aristocracy – Nobility, Warriors – Peasants worked their land • Scribes • Artisans- silk, pottery… • Merchants • Peasants • Slaves WWhhoo iiss ““mmiissssiinngg??””
  • 7. “A wise man honors the gods, but keeps a distance.” Ancient CChhiinneessee SSoocciieettyy wwaass SSEECCUULLAARR
  • 8. •UUrrbbaann!! – Ao • Wall 33’high x 66’ thick - pounded earth – Yin - • Complex of palaces, archives, neighborhoods, foundries, workshops, burial grounds…Lavish tombs w/ sacrificial victims.
  • 9. • Patriarch: – Presided at ceremonies at home: HHoonnoorr AAnncceessttoorrss. – Mediated family problems – Made decisions for family • DDeeffeerreennccee,, rreessppeecctt,, && oobbeeddiieennccee oowweedd bbyy wwhhoollee ffaammiillyy..
  • 10. AAgg ““SSuurrpplluuss””  King (TTaaxxeess) – To pay mmiilliittaarryy (hhuuggee aarrmmiieess);; ppoolliittiiccaall aalllliieess - To pay advisors, ministers, craftsmen, metal smiths, architects… SSeerrvviiccee  King - CCoonnssccrriippttiioonn: Military, public works
  • 11. PPeeaassaannttss == MMoosstt ppeeooppllee – Did not own land - served their lord: • Agricultural, military, and labor services • Given plots to cultivate for their own needs – Received Security & Law • protected & protected by lords
  • 12. PPeeaassaannttss • Very basic living conditions. GGeennddeerr RRoolleess • Men- outdoors- work the fields, hunt, fish, soldiers. Patriarch. • Women (most classes) – Duties indoors – make wine, weave, silk. - Poorest women worked with husband outside. – Obedient, quiet, hard-working. – Order the household.
  • 13. SSoocciiaa ll CCllaassss eess SSllaavveess •LLaarrggee ccllaassss •POW, criminals •Hardest labor – clear fields, build city walls •Shang - sacrificed for funerals, other rituals.
  • 14. SShhaanngg TTeecchhnnoollooggyy:: sseeccrreett ttoo ssuucccceessss!! • IIRRRRIIGGAATTIIOONN!! • WWrriitttteenn rreeccoorrddss • AAccccuurraattee CCaalleennddaarr • DDeecciimmaall ssyysstteemm ooff nnuummbbeerrss • HHoorrsseess && wwhheeeelleedd cchhaarriioottss • SSiillkk PPrroodduuccttiioonn • EExxppeerrtt ppootttteerrss • SShhaanngg MMoonnooppoollyy oonn BBrroonnzzee MMeettaalllluurrggyy!! WWhhiittee jjaaddee ssppeeaarrhheeaadd,, BBrroonnzzee sshhaafftt
  • 16. TThhee EEvvoolluuttiioonn ooff CChhiinneessee WWrriittiinngg bbeeggaann dduurriinngg tthhee SShhaanngg PPiiccttooggrraapphh ss SSeemmaannttiicc-- PPhhoonneettiiccss
  • 18. ““CChhuunngg KKuuoo”” ((TThhee ““MMiiddddllee KKiinnggddoomm””))
  • 19. “Barbarians” • Desert and steppes • Seen as culturally backward & morally inferior to Chinese – Why? • War campaigns  POWs  slaves in Shang capital
  • 20.
  • 21. • Zhou conquered the Shang • LLeeggiittiimmiizzaattiioonn:
  • 22. MMaannddaattee ooff HHeeaavveenn • Heaven smiles on the ““ssoonn ooff hheeaavveenn”” – Must govern justly, maintain order, balance & harmony, bring prosperity… – Keep mandate as long as he & his dynasty are successful • If ruler fails in duties  chaos & suffering in his realm – Cosmos out of balance  heaven is displeased  – Mandate will be given to another more deserving candidate: heaven will “smile” on someone else…
  • 23. A new dynasty comes to power. The Dynastic Cycle Lives of common people improved; taxes reduced; farming encouraged. Problems begin (extensive wars, invasions, etc.) Taxes increase; men forced to work for army. Farming neglected. Govt. increases spending; corruption. Droughts, floods, famines occur. Emperor is defeated !! Rebel bands find strong leader who unites them. Attack the emperor. Poor loose respect for govt. They join rebels & attack landlords. The emperor reforms the govt. & makes it more efficient. Start here
  • 24. RReellaattiioonnsshhiipp wwiitthh NNoommaaddss • LLoovvee//HHaattee – Tense: constant raids by nomads – Nomadic guides for travelers • SSyymmbbiioossiiss- – GGrraaiinnss & agricultural goods – For HHoorrsseess & other goods made by nomads
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. ZZhhoouu CCooiinnss -- bbrroonnzzee
  • 28. Evolution of Chinese characters
  • 29. ZZhhoouu LLiitteerraattuurree • Book of Changes – how to foretell the future • Book of History – Zhou historical documents & justification, for royalty & elites • Book of Etiquette / Rites – for aristocrats • BBooookk ooff SSoonnggss // BBooookk ooff PPooeettrryy – bbyy && ffoorr ccoommmmoonn ppeeooppllee Some written on silk, bamboo- lost!
  • 30. Not just the ideas of the Elite…But also the Voice of the Chinese People… ZZHHOOUU PPOOEETTRRYY
  • 31. ZZh h oo uu TT ee cc hh nn ool BBrroonnzzee aanndd …… IIrroonn • ZZhhoouu ddiidd nnoott mmoonnooppoolliizzee bbrroonnzzee pprroodduuccttiioonn – Bronze tools in Agriculture. – Subordinates built arsenals. • IIrroonn mmeettaalllluurrggyy aarrrriivveedd && sspprreeaadd rraappiiddllyy:: – Cheaper, more abundant – Government could not monopolize – Uprising! Subordinates resisted central government…
  • 32. DDeecclliinnee ooff tthhee ZZhhoouu…… • Nomads invaded • Subordinates rebelled – Built own kingdoms – Fought for hegemony PPeerriioodd ooff tthhee WWaarrrriinngg SSttaatteess Knife Coins
  • 33. 440033--222211 BBCCEE.. WWaarrrriinngg SSttaatteess PPeerriioodd •CChhaaooss!!
  • 34. PPeerriioodd ooff tthhee HHuunnddrreedd SScchhoooollss ““GGoollddeenn AAggee ooff CChhiinneessee PPhhiilloossoopphhyy”” : –IIttiinneerraanntt sscchhoollaarrss - often served as advisers to state rulers on methods of governing, war, diplomacy. –Period ended with the rise of Qin & purging of dissent. 777700--222211 BBCCEE
  • 35. 11.. SScchhooooll ooff SScchhoollaarrss:: Kǒng Fūzǐ SSoocciiaall PPhhiilloossoopphhyy –– NNOOTT RREELLIIGGIIOONN OOffffeerreedd PPRRAACCTTIICCAALL ssuuggggeessttiioonnss ““IInnvveenntteedd nnootthhiinngg –– jjuusstt rreellaayyiinngg wwiissddoomm ooff tthhee ssaaggeess && ccllaassssiiccss”” GGooaall:: RReeffoorrmm SSoocciieettyy!! OOrrddeerr,, hhaarrmmoonnyy,, kkiinnddnneessss AAddvvooccaatteedd aaccttiivvee,, dduuttiiffuull rroollee ooff eedduuccaatteedd mmeenn iinn tthhee CONFUCIUS
  • 36. CCoonnffuuCCiiaanniissmm – 55 SSoocciiaall RReellaattiioonnsshhiippss – JJuunnzzii -- wwiissee,, eedduuccaatteedd ““ssuuppeerriioorr mmeenn”” ttoo aaddvviissee tthhee lleeaaddeerrss EEttiiqquueettttee // DDiisscciipplliinnee // EEdduuccaattiioonn // GGeenneerraalliissttss // MMoorraall eexxaammpplleess!!
  • 37. ““TThhee AAnnaalleeccttss”” • WWrriitttteenn LLAATTEERR bbyy CCoonnffuucciiuuss’’ ffoolllloowweerrss • QQ && AA ffoorrmmaatt • WWiissee ssaayyiinnggss:: – eeaassyy ttoo rreellaattee ttoo uunnddeerrssttaanndd – EEaassyy ttoo ffoollllooww – EExxaammpplleess,, ssttoorriieess -- ppaarraabblleess HHaannddoouutt!!!!
  • 38. HHeeiirrss ttoo CCoonnffuucciiuuss AA.. MMeenncciiuuss ((MMeenngg KKoo)) – PPeeooppllee aarree GGOOOODD:: • RRuullee tthheemm ssoo tthheeiirr ggooooddnneessss ddeevveellooppss • EEdduuccaattiioonn – EEggaalliittaarriiaann tthhiinnkkiinngg – CCoonnsseenntt ooff ccoommmmoonn ppeeooppllee iiss bbaassiiss ffoorr ppoolliittiiccaall ppoowweerr ((iinncclluuddeess MMaannddaattee ooff HHeeaavveenn))
  • 39. HHeeiirrss ttoo CCoonnffuucciiuuss BB.. XXuunnzzii – PPeeooppllee aarree llaazzyy aanndd EEVVIILL – SSttrroonngg aauutthhoorriittaarriiaann ggoovveerrnnmmeenntt ttoo ccuurrbb sseellffiisshhnneessss && ccaappaacciittyy ttoo hhaarrmm ootthheerrss – IImmpprroovvee ppeeooppllee wwiitthh ssttrroonngg llaawwss && eedduuccaattiioonn – CCoommmmoonn ppeeooppllee aarree nnoott tthhee ssoouurrccee ooff ppoolliittiiccaall ppoowweerr..
  • 40. 22.. SScchhooooll ooff tthhee WWaayy •IInnddiivviidduuaall rreettrreeaattss iinnttoo NNaattuurree rraatthheerr tthhaann wwoorrkkiinngg ffoorr cchhaannggee iinn ssoocciiaall// ppoolliittiiccaall ssoocciieettyy •LLaaoozzii SSoommee bbuurreeaauuccrraattss wweerree CCoonnffuucciiaanniisstt bbyy ddaayy && DDaaooiisstt bbyy nniigghhtt…… WWhhaatt ddooeess tthhaatt mmeeaann??
  • 41. DDaaooiissmm – SSttrreesssseedd nnoonn--aaccttiioonn oovveerr ppoolliittiiccaall ppoowweerr…… ““WWuu WWeeii”” – SSeellff--eexxaammiinnaattiioonn && aapppprreecciiaattiioonn ooff nnaattuurree;; nnoott MMaasstteerryy ooff OOtthheerrss oorr rruullee ooff ssttaattee.. – AAddvviiccee ttoo kkiinnggss:: • CCuullttiivvaattee ppaattiieennccee,, sseellfflleessssnneessss,, ccoonncceerrnn ffoorr wweellffaarree ooff aallll ccrreeaattuurreess • CChhaassttiisseedd ffoorr eennjjooyyiinngg wwaarr && eexxcceessssiivvee pplleeaassuurree wwhhiillee ppooppuullaattiioonn iiss hhuunnggrryy
  • 42.
  • 43. Those who rebel against the basic rules of the universe sever their oowwnn rroooottss aanndd rruuiinn tthheeiirr ttrruuee sseellvveess.. YYiinn aanndd yyaanngg……aarree tthhee bbeeggiinnnniinngg aanndd tthhee eenndd ooff eevveerryytthhiinngg aanndd tthheeyy aarree aallssoo tthhee ccaauussee ooff lliiffee aanndd ddeeaatthh.. TThhoossee wwhhoo ddiissoobbeeyy tthhee llaawwss ooff tthhee uunniivveerrssee wwiillll ggiivvee rriissee ttoo ccaallaammiittiieess aanndd vviissiittaattiioonnss,, wwhhiillee tthhoossee wwhhoo ffoollllooww tthhee llaawwss ooff tthhee uunniivveerrssee rreemmaaiinn ffrreeee ……ffoorr tthheeyy aarree tthhee oonneess wwhhoo hhaavvee oobbttaaiinneedd TTaaoo,, tthhee RRiigghhtt WWaayy…….. AAnnyytthhiinngg ccoonnttrraarryy ttoo hhaarrmmoonnyy ((wwiitthh nnaattuurree)) iiss ddiissoobbeeddiieennccee aanndd mmeeaannss rreebbeelllliioonn ttoo nnaattuurree..
  • 44. 33.. SScchhooooll ooff LLaaww ((LLeeggaalliissmm)) • HHaann FFeeiizzii ((dd.. 223333)) • PPrroossppeerriittyy ooff tthhee SSttaattee,, mmaarrttiiaall pprroowweessss,, aanndd oorrddeerr aarree mmoorree iimmppoorrttaanntt tthhaann mmoorraalliittyy oorr tthhee wweellffaarree ooff tthhee cciittiizzeennss..
  • 45. LLEEGGAALLIISSMM ““TThhee BBooookk ooff LLoorrdd SShhaanngg”” AABBSSOOLLUUTTEE PPOOWWEERR ooff LLaaww –– EEvveenn oovveerr RRuulleerr!! –PPeeooppllee eexxiisstt ttoo sseerrvvee ssttaattee –RRuulleerr’’ss dduuttyy ttoo ppeeooppllee:: • EEnnffoorrccee ssttrriicctt llaawwss ssttrriiccttllyy-- hhaarrsshh ppuunniisshhmmeenntt –QQiinn SShhii HHuuaannggddii lleeggiittiimmiizzeedd hhiiss rruullee RReeaaddiinngg ffrroomm tthhee BBooookk ooff LLoorrdd SShhaanngg
  • 46. NNeexxtt ttiimmee…… WWiillll CChhiinnaa uunniiffyy?? WWhhoo iiss QQiinn?????? SSttaayy ttuunneedd!!

Editor's Notes

  1. Egypt unified in about 3000 BCE. Hatsepsut reigned 1479-1458 … Akhenaten – 1330 BCE … Ramses reigned 1279–1213 BCE. Mesopotamia was a booming civilization with writing as of 3150 BCE. Hammurabi took power in 1792 BCE. Babylon fell: 539 BCE
  2. Mah
  3. Shaman – peasant in village – very perceptive, in touch with spirits
  4. Clear idea of their relationship to the rest of the world: at the CENTER.
  5. Barbarians – NO AGRICULTURE, NO CITIES, NO WRITING – did not speak CHINESE as main language!
  6. 1046 – 256 BCE – Longest lasting dynasty in Chinese history! Zenith of Chinese Bronzeware, Chinese script evolved during this period.
  7. THIS IS IMPORTANT
  8. Artistically? Advanced Ceramics, Bronze ware, jade dancer pendant. Then, Eastern Zhou ceremonial cooking vessel. Western Zhou “gui”
  9. Left – similarity with central American ceramics… Zhou period Mirror holder
  10. Show coins, courtesy of Ken Ma! Early departure from BARTER to MONEY. Copper.
  11. Jade dragon bracelet
  12. Last Zhou king abdicated under pressure from the King of Qin…
  13. Wuwei means go with the flow!
  14. Hupao dreaming of the Tiger, Hangzhou
  15. Shang Yang