2. • To identify the context in which a
text was developed
• To be familiar with two important
techniques in analyzing the context
of a text’s development:
intertextuality and hypertext
Learning Objectives
3. Key Understanding
How does intertextuality and hypertext help in
analyzing the context of a text’s development?
Key Question
Intertextuality and hypertext are two additional
techniques in analyzing context of a written
material that will help you better understand
and, if necessary, evaluate the material.
4. What Is Context?
Context is the social, cultural, political,
historical, and other related
circumstances that surround the
text and form the terms from which it
can be better understood and
evaluated.
5. Questions that May Help in
Discovering a Reading’s Context
When was the work written?
What were the circumstances that produced it?
What issues does it deal with?
6. Intertextuality
The modeling of a text’s meaning by another text
The connections between language, images,
characters, themes, or subjects depending on their
similarities in language, genre, or discourse
Seen when an author borrows and transforms a
prior text, or when one text references another
A dialogue among different texts and interpretations
of the writer, the audience, and the current and
earlier cultural contexts
7. SOME COMMON EXAMPLES
Intertextuality
The inspiration of the Bernardo Carpio myth is clear
in Candy Gourlay’s Tall Story, a story about a
British-Filipina teenager who meets Bernardo, her
long-lost half-brother who stands eight feet tall and
suffers from gigantism.
The widely-popular The Lord of the Rings trilogy by
J.R.R. Tolkien were influenced in large part by many
figures and events in the Bible, as well as by the
Germanic poetry Beowulf, and some Norse and
Finnish myths.
8. Hypertext
A non-linear way of showing information
Connects topics on a screen to related pieces of
information, graphics, videos, or music, which
appear as links and are usually accessed by clicking
Allows reader to jump to more information about a
topic, which, in turn may have more links
Gives reader more flexibility and personalization
because he/she gets to select the order in which
he/she reads the text and focus on information that
is relevant to his/her background and interests
9. Hypertext
SAMPLE TEXT WITH HYPERTEXT TAKEN FROM
WIKIPEDIA.COM
Inside Out is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy-
drama adventure film[6] produced by Pixar and released by Walt
Disney Pictures. Directed and co-written by Pete Docter, the film is
set in the mind of a young girl, Riley Andersen (Kaitlyn Dias),
where five personified emotions—Joy (Amy Poehler), Sadness
(Phyllis Smith), Fear (Bill Hader), Anger (Lewis Black), and Disgust
(Mindy Kaling)—try to lead her through life as her parents (Diane
Lane and Kyle MacLachlan) move the family to a new city. The film
was co-directed and co-written by Ronnie del Carmen and
produced by Jonas Rivera, with music composed by Michael
Giacchino.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_Out_%282015_film%29
10. 1. Many cases of intertextuality involve Christian stories
and beliefs. Among the more popular examples are
The Chronicles of Narnia series written by C.S. Lewis.
Choose one book among the seven novels and identify
characters or events in the story that allude to
characters or stories in the Bible.
2. Visit Wikipedia.com. In the search bar, type a subject
that interests you. When you have reached the page of
the subject you are searching for, check out the
highlighted words that will lead you to additional
pieces of information on the subject. Click and
explore.
Activity
Editor's Notes
Tell the students that, at the end of the discussion, they should be able to realize the Key Understanding and answer the Key Question.
Explain to the students that being a critical reader also involves understanding that texts are always developed with a certain context. Since a text is neither written nor read in a vacuum, its meaning and interpretation are affected by a given set of circumstances or what is known as context.
Then proceed with defining context.
Tell the students that knowledge of the text’s context helps in appreciating the text’s message more deeply.
Then proceed with the helpful questions in finding out about a reading’s context.
There are two other important techniques in analyzing the context of a text’s development. The first is intertextuality.
The text is an excerpt from a Wikipedia article about the 2015 Disney-Pixar computer-animated movie Inside Out.
Parts of the text with blue-green color are the hypertext. The hypertext links the reader to additional information on the film such as the genre, the producer, the distributing studio, the director-writer, the voice talents, and the music composer.
Ask the students to visit the link provided at the bottom of the slide and explore additional information about the movie by clicking highlighted words.
The second is hypertext.
Before discussing hypertext, give this backgrounder first: Traditionally, reading was viewed a linear process, where you read from the beginning until the end. However, the advent of the Internet and technology has created new ways of reading and process a text, which includes hypertext.
The text is an excerpt from a Wikipedia article about the 2015 Disney-Pixar computer-animated movie Inside Out.
Parts of the text with blue-green color are the hypertext. The hypertext links the reader to additional information on the film such as the genre, the producer, the distributing studio, the director-writer, the voice talents, and the music composer.
Ask the students to visit the link provided at the bottom of the slide and explore additional information about the movie by clicking highlighted words.
Go back to the Key Understanding and the Key Question to measure the students’ grasp of the lesson.
You may opt to give this activity as seatwork or homework.
