ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT DELAY AND DROP-OUTS OF HEAD.pptx
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During Radiotherapy treatment we have seen that a few patients are not able to complete their treatment in the prescribe days. This is called treatment Delay and who are not complete their treatment is called Drop-outs patients.
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Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort. Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
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Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s Perspective
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
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Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
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Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
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After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
biomechanics of running. Dr.dhwani.pptx
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ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT DELAY AND DROP-OUTS OF HEAD.pptx
- 1. MR. AVIJIT DAS, Dr. S.S.Adhikary, Mr. JAYANTA PAL DEPARTMENT OF RADIOTHERAPY BANKURA SAMMILANI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL WEST BENGAL
- 2. A) Stage B) Histopathological grade C) Level of Node involvement D) Nutritional status E) Radiotherapy Treatment Gap
- 3. Accelerated Repopulation Loss of BED To avoid local recurrence To achieve better local control and survival The longer a gap is, the more damaging is the effect
- 5. Period of Study: July-2014 to Jun-2015. Place: B.S.Medical College, West Bengal. Number of Patients: 120 ( 88 male & 32 Female). Age: 16 to 79. Case: Head & Neck. Intent: Radical. Dose: 70Gy in 35 fraction with or without concurrent chemotherapy.
- 6. • We have filled a questionnaires for each patients at the start of treatment highlighting following points: • a. socio-economic status. • b. accommodation & transport. • c. source of nutrition. At the end of therapy, we have assessed the toxicities encountered, treatment gap, treatment drop-out and the reasons behind them if necessary through telephonic consultations.
- 8. Mucositis Dysphagia Xerostomia Anemia Nausea & Vomiting
- 9. Major Cause of Treatment Delay Number of Delay Patient Percentage of Delay Patient 1 Dry Mouth ( Xerostomia ). 3 5.77% 2 Difficulty in Swallowing( Dysphagia). 8 15.38% 3 Oral Mucositis. 21 40.38% 4 Nausea and Vomiting. 4 7.69% 5 Anemia. 8 15.38% 6 Socioeconomic and Transport Problem. 8 15.38% TOTAL: 52 100%
- 10. Major Cause of Treatment Drop-Out Number of Drop-Out Patient Percentage of Drop-Out Patient 1 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia). 1 4.5% 2 Difficulty in Swallowing(Dysphagia). 2 9.09% 3 Oral Mucositis. 12 54.5% 4 Nausea and Vomiting. 2 9.09% 5 Anemia. 2 9.09% 6 Socioeconomic and Transport Problem. 3 13.6% TOTAL: 22 100%
- 12. Responsible for 15% of treatment delay and 13% of drop-out in our study. Following points have come up: A. Though treatment is free, low income has prevented the patient to avail long treatment. B. Loss of wage for both the partners. C. Lack of guardians to look after the kids. D. Irregular, costly & highly crowded transport.
- 13. 1) Importance of regular attendance 2)Thorough Pre-treatment counseling regarding acute treatment toxicities 3) Maintenance of ORAL HYGINE 4) Maintenance Of NUTRITION 5) Skin Care
- 14. For un-interrupted Radiotherapy following points are important: Counseling Oral hygiene. Maintenance of hydration and nutrition. (Availability of suitable Diet) Free or Low cost accommodation To activate local support system (NGO/Govt)
- 15. “ YOU ARE NOT ALONE. WE ARE WITH YOU IN YOUR BIG FIGHT” THANK YOU