Penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds that live in the Southern Hemisphere. They range in size from the smallest, the little blue penguin at around 40 cm tall and 1 kg, to the largest, the emperor penguin at over 1 m tall and 35 kg on average. While most penguin species live in cold climates like Antarctica, not all do, as some species are found in temperate zones and one, the Galapagos penguin, lives near the equator. Penguins are highly adapted for aquatic life, with wing-like flippers and countershading camouflage that helps conceal them in the water.

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3. • The largest living species is the emperor
penguin (Aptenodytes FORSTERI): on average adults are about
1.1 m tall and weigh 35 kg or more. The smallest penguin
species is the little blue penguin (Eudyptula minor), also
known as the fairy penguin, which stands around 40 cm tall
and weighs 1 kg.

4. Penguins (order SPHENISCIFORMES, family
Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic,
flightless birds living almost exclusively in
the Southern Hemisphere.

5. • Although all penguin species are native to the Southern Hemisphere,
they are not found only in cold climates, such as Antarctica. In fact,
only a few species of penguin live so far south. Several species are
found in the temperate zone, and one species, the Galápagos
penguin, lives near the equator.

6. • Penguins are aquatic, flightless birds that are highly
adapted to life in the water. Their distinct tuxedo-like
appearance is called countershading a form of
camouflage that helps keep them safe in the water.
Penguins do have wing-bones, though they are flipper-
like and extremely suited to swimming.

8. BY ANA MARIA 5º