Abstract— Advanced flag processors assume a noteworthy part in electronic gadgets, bio restorative applications, correspondence conventions. Effective IC configuration is a key variable to accomplish low power and high throughput IP center improvement for convenient gadgets. Computerized flag processors assume a huge parts progressively figuring and preparing yet region overhead and power utilization are real disadvantages to accomplish productive outline requirements. Adaptable DSP engineering utilizing circle back calculation is a proposed way to deal with beat existing outline limitations. For instance, plan of 8 point FFT engineering requires 3 phases for butterfly calculation unit that 48 adders and 12 multipliers prompts high power and territory utilization. To lessen range and power, Loop back calculation is proposed and it requires 16 adders and 4 multipliers for general outline. Likewise outline of various DSP layouts like FFT, First request FIR channel and Second request FIR channel is acquainted and mapping in with the design as preparing component and applying the circle back calculation. In the outline of FFT,FIR formats adders, for example, parallel prefix viper, move and include multiplier, baugh-wooley multiplier are utilized to break down effective plan of DSP engineering. Recreation and examination of inactivity, territory, control productivity with the current structures are happens utilizing model sim 6.4a and combine utilizing Xilinx 14.3 ISE.
Keywords— Baugh-UWooley Multiplier, Loop Back Algorithm, Parallel Prefix Adders.
FPGA based Efficient Interpolator design using DALUT Algorithmcscpconf
The document describes the design and implementation of an efficient interpolator for wireless communication systems using FPGA. It proposes a multiplier-less technique using distributed arithmetic look-up tables (DALUT) that replaces multiply-accumulate operations with LUT accesses. A 66th-order half-band polyphase FIR structure is implemented using the DALUT approach on Spartan-3E and Virtex2Pro FPGAs. Results show the proposed design achieves maximum frequencies of 92.859MHz on Virtex Pro and 61.6MHz on Spartan 3E while consuming fewer resources than a traditional MAC-based design.
A Novel Approach of Area-Efficient FIR Filter Design Using Distributed Arithm...IOSR Journals
Abstract: In this paper, a highly area-efficient multiplier-less FIR filter is presented. Distributed Arithmetic (DA) has been used to implement a bit-serial scheme of a general asymmetric version of an FIR filter, taking optimal advantage of the 3-input LUT-based structure of FPGAs. The implementation of FIR filters on FPGA based on traditional arithmetic method costs considerable hardware resources, which goes against the decrease of circuit scale and the increase of system speed. This paper presents the realization of area efficient architectures using Distributed Arithmetic (DA) for implementation of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter. The performance of the bit-serial and bit parallel DA along with pipelining architecture with different quantized versions are analyzed for FIR filter Design. Distributed Arithmetic structure is used to increase the resource usage while pipeline structure is also used to increase the system speed. In addition, the divided LUT method is also used to decrease the required memory units. However, according to Distributed Arithmetic, we can make a Look-Up-Table (LUT) to conserve the MAC values and callout the values according to the input data if necessary. Therefore, LUT can be created to take the place of MAC units so as to save the hardware resources. The simulation results indicate that FIR filters using Distributed Arithmetic can work stable with high speed and can save almost 50 percent hardware resources to decrease the circuit scale, and can be applied to a variety of areas for its great flexibility and high reliability. This method not only reduces the LUT size, but also modifies the structure of the filter to achieve high speed performance. Keywords: DSP, Digital Filters, FIR , FPGA, MAC, Distributed Arithmetic(DA),Divided LUT, pipeline
“FIELD PROGRAMMABLE DSP ARRAYS” - A NOVEL RECONFIGURABLE ARCHITECTURE FOR EFF...sipij
Digital Signal Processing functions are widely used in real time high speed applications. Those functions
are generally implemented either on ASICs with inflexibility, or on FPGAs with bottlenecks of relatively
smaller utilization factor or lower speed compared to ASIC. The proposed reconfigurable DSP processor is
redolent to FPGA, but with basic fixed Common Modules (CMs) (like adders, subtractors, multipliers,
scaling units, shifters) instead of CLBs. This paper introduces the development of a reconfigurable DSP
processor that integrates different filter and transform functions. The switching between DSP functions is
occurred by reconfiguring the interconnection between CMs. Validation of the proposed reconfigurable
architecture has been achieved on Virtex5 FPGA. The architecture provides sufficient amount of flexibility,
parallelism and scalability.
This document summarizes a research paper on designing low power digit serial finite impulse response (FIR) filters using multiple constant multiplication (MCM) techniques. It proposes an architecture that optimizes the area of digit serial MCM operations at the gate level by considering the implementation costs of digit serial addition, subtraction and shift operations. An algorithm is presented to design digit serial FIR filters under a shift-adds architecture to reduce area compared to designs using generic digit serial multipliers. Experimental results show the technique leads to lower complexity digit serial MCM designs.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an efficient VLSI implementation of a pipelined fast Fourier transform (FFT). The key aspects are:
1) A single-path delay feedback (SDF) pipeline architecture is adopted to implement the FFT processor. This architecture requires less memory space and has lower power consumption than existing designs.
2) A reconfigurable complex multiplier and bit-parallel multipliers are used instead of read-only memories to store twiddle factors. This eliminates the need for ROMs and reduces power consumption.
3) The proposed FFT architecture contains three types of processing elements - a complex constant multiplier, delay buffers, and extra units for IFFT computation. It achieves a
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
An fpga implementation of the lms adaptive filter eSAT Journals
This document describes an FPGA implementation of the Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filter algorithm for active vibration control. It compares fixed-point and floating-point implementations in terms of area usage and performance. The LMS algorithm is implemented using a finite state machine model with separate modules for operations like filtering, error estimation, and weight adaptation. Both implementations utilize this structural model. The fixed-point version uses 16-bit integers and fractions, while the floating-point version leverages IP cores. Results show the floating-point implementation has better accuracy and resource utilization than the fixed-point version for active vibration control applications on FPGAs.
An Area Efficient Mixed Decimation MDF Architecture for Radix 22 Parallel FFTIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed area efficient mixed decimation Multipath Delay Feedback (MDF) architecture for radix parallel Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) computation. The proposed architecture aims to improve efficiency in utilization of arithmetic resources in MDF architectures by integrating Decimation-In-Time (DIT) operations into Decimation-In-Frequency (DIF) operated computing units. This activates idle periods of arithmetic units in MDF architectures. The proposed architecture, called a mixed decimation MDF or DF architecture, is compared theoretically and experimentally to conventional MDF architectures. Results show the proposed DF architecture achieves improved efficiency in consumption of arithmetic resources.
FPGA based Efficient Interpolator design using DALUT Algorithmcscpconf
The document describes the design and implementation of an efficient interpolator for wireless communication systems using FPGA. It proposes a multiplier-less technique using distributed arithmetic look-up tables (DALUT) that replaces multiply-accumulate operations with LUT accesses. A 66th-order half-band polyphase FIR structure is implemented using the DALUT approach on Spartan-3E and Virtex2Pro FPGAs. Results show the proposed design achieves maximum frequencies of 92.859MHz on Virtex Pro and 61.6MHz on Spartan 3E while consuming fewer resources than a traditional MAC-based design.
A Novel Approach of Area-Efficient FIR Filter Design Using Distributed Arithm...IOSR Journals
Abstract: In this paper, a highly area-efficient multiplier-less FIR filter is presented. Distributed Arithmetic (DA) has been used to implement a bit-serial scheme of a general asymmetric version of an FIR filter, taking optimal advantage of the 3-input LUT-based structure of FPGAs. The implementation of FIR filters on FPGA based on traditional arithmetic method costs considerable hardware resources, which goes against the decrease of circuit scale and the increase of system speed. This paper presents the realization of area efficient architectures using Distributed Arithmetic (DA) for implementation of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter. The performance of the bit-serial and bit parallel DA along with pipelining architecture with different quantized versions are analyzed for FIR filter Design. Distributed Arithmetic structure is used to increase the resource usage while pipeline structure is also used to increase the system speed. In addition, the divided LUT method is also used to decrease the required memory units. However, according to Distributed Arithmetic, we can make a Look-Up-Table (LUT) to conserve the MAC values and callout the values according to the input data if necessary. Therefore, LUT can be created to take the place of MAC units so as to save the hardware resources. The simulation results indicate that FIR filters using Distributed Arithmetic can work stable with high speed and can save almost 50 percent hardware resources to decrease the circuit scale, and can be applied to a variety of areas for its great flexibility and high reliability. This method not only reduces the LUT size, but also modifies the structure of the filter to achieve high speed performance. Keywords: DSP, Digital Filters, FIR , FPGA, MAC, Distributed Arithmetic(DA),Divided LUT, pipeline
“FIELD PROGRAMMABLE DSP ARRAYS” - A NOVEL RECONFIGURABLE ARCHITECTURE FOR EFF...sipij
Digital Signal Processing functions are widely used in real time high speed applications. Those functions
are generally implemented either on ASICs with inflexibility, or on FPGAs with bottlenecks of relatively
smaller utilization factor or lower speed compared to ASIC. The proposed reconfigurable DSP processor is
redolent to FPGA, but with basic fixed Common Modules (CMs) (like adders, subtractors, multipliers,
scaling units, shifters) instead of CLBs. This paper introduces the development of a reconfigurable DSP
processor that integrates different filter and transform functions. The switching between DSP functions is
occurred by reconfiguring the interconnection between CMs. Validation of the proposed reconfigurable
architecture has been achieved on Virtex5 FPGA. The architecture provides sufficient amount of flexibility,
parallelism and scalability.
This document summarizes a research paper on designing low power digit serial finite impulse response (FIR) filters using multiple constant multiplication (MCM) techniques. It proposes an architecture that optimizes the area of digit serial MCM operations at the gate level by considering the implementation costs of digit serial addition, subtraction and shift operations. An algorithm is presented to design digit serial FIR filters under a shift-adds architecture to reduce area compared to designs using generic digit serial multipliers. Experimental results show the technique leads to lower complexity digit serial MCM designs.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an efficient VLSI implementation of a pipelined fast Fourier transform (FFT). The key aspects are:
1) A single-path delay feedback (SDF) pipeline architecture is adopted to implement the FFT processor. This architecture requires less memory space and has lower power consumption than existing designs.
2) A reconfigurable complex multiplier and bit-parallel multipliers are used instead of read-only memories to store twiddle factors. This eliminates the need for ROMs and reduces power consumption.
3) The proposed FFT architecture contains three types of processing elements - a complex constant multiplier, delay buffers, and extra units for IFFT computation. It achieves a
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
An fpga implementation of the lms adaptive filter eSAT Journals
This document describes an FPGA implementation of the Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filter algorithm for active vibration control. It compares fixed-point and floating-point implementations in terms of area usage and performance. The LMS algorithm is implemented using a finite state machine model with separate modules for operations like filtering, error estimation, and weight adaptation. Both implementations utilize this structural model. The fixed-point version uses 16-bit integers and fractions, while the floating-point version leverages IP cores. Results show the floating-point implementation has better accuracy and resource utilization than the fixed-point version for active vibration control applications on FPGAs.
An Area Efficient Mixed Decimation MDF Architecture for Radix 22 Parallel FFTIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed area efficient mixed decimation Multipath Delay Feedback (MDF) architecture for radix parallel Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) computation. The proposed architecture aims to improve efficiency in utilization of arithmetic resources in MDF architectures by integrating Decimation-In-Time (DIT) operations into Decimation-In-Frequency (DIF) operated computing units. This activates idle periods of arithmetic units in MDF architectures. The proposed architecture, called a mixed decimation MDF or DF architecture, is compared theoretically and experimentally to conventional MDF architectures. Results show the proposed DF architecture achieves improved efficiency in consumption of arithmetic resources.
37 9144 new technique based peasant multiplication (edit lafi)IAESIJEECS
The Direct Form FIR channel is utilized for DSP application where the channel request is settled. For the most part this channel devours more range and power. To defeat this issue Multiplier Control Signal Decision window (MCSD) plans is joined into Direct Form FIR channel to powerfully change the channel arrange. MCSD structures comprise of Control flag Generator (CG) and Amplitude Detection (AD) rationale circuits. Advertisement rationale is utilized to disavow the correct duplication process and screen the amplitudes of information tests. CG is utilized to control the channel operation through inside counter. Traditional reconfigurable FIR channel is planned utilizing Vedic Multiplier that devours more territory and deferral. In this paper, changed reconfigurable FIR filer is intended to additionally decrease the APT (Area, Power and Timing) item. The proposed Reconfigurable FIR filer, Vedic Multiplier is supplanted by Russian Peasant Multiplication procedure. Subsequently adjusted Reconfigurable FIR channel with Russian Peasant Multiplier expends less region, postponement and power than all analyzed techniques.
1. The document presents a design for a modified Booth recoder using a fused add-multiply (FAM) operator to implement digital signal processing applications more efficiently.
2. It proposes a new recoding technique to decrease the critical path delay and reduce area and power consumption of the FAM unit compared to existing recoding schemes.
3. The technique is also applied to the implementation of finite impulse response (FIR) filters to further optimize hardware usage and achieve faithfully rounded outputs within tight area and power constraints for mobile applications.
Design and Implementation of Low Power DSP Core with Programmable Truncated V...ijsrd.com
The programmable truncated Vedic multiplication is the method which uses Vedic multiplier and programmable truncation control bits and which reduces part of the area and power required by multipliers by only computing the most-significant bits of the product. The basic process of truncation includes physical reduction of the partial product matrix and a compensation for the reduced bits via different hardware compensation sub circuits. These results in fixed systems optimized for a given application at design time. A novel approach to truncation is proposed, where a full precision vedic multiplier is implemented, but the active section of the truncation is selected by truncation control bits dynamically at run-time. Such architecture brings together the power reduction benefits from truncated multipliers and the flexibility of reconfigurable and general purpose devices. Efficient implementation of such a multiplier is presented in a custom digital signal processor where the concept of software compensation is introduced and analyzed for different applications. Experimental results and power measurements are studied, including power measurements from both post-synthesis simulations and a fabricated IC implementation. This is the first system-level DSP core using a high speed Vedic truncated multiplier. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the programmable truncated MAC (PTMAC) in achieving power reduction, with minimum impact on functionality for a number of applications. On comparison with the previous parallel multipliers Vedic should be much more fast and area should be reduced. Programmable truncated Vedic multiplier (PTVM) should be the basic part implemented for the arithmetic and PTMAC units.
A Review of Different Methods for Booth MultiplierIJERA Editor
In this review paper, different type of implementation of Booth multiplier has been studied. Multipliers has great importance in digital signal processor, so designing a high-speed multiplier is the need of the hour. Advantages of using modified booth multiplier algorithm is that the number of partial product is reduced. Different types of addition algorithms are also discussed which are used for addition operation of multiplier.
Multipliers play an important role in today’s digital signal processing (DSP) and various other
applications. Multiplication is the most time consuming process in various signal processing operations like
convolution, circular convolution, auto-correlation and cross-correlation. With advances in technology, many
researchers have tried and are trying to design multipliers which offer either of the following- high speed, low
power consumption, regularity of layout and hence less area or even combination of them in multiplier. However
area and speed are two conflicting constraints. So improving speed results always in larger areas. So here we try
to find out the best trade off solution among the both of them. To have features like high speed and low power
consumption multipliers several algorithms have been introduced .In this paper, we describes Multipliers by using
various algorithm in VLSI technology.
A Pipelined Fused Processing Unit for DSP Applicationsijiert bestjournal
This document describes the design of a pipelined processing unit for a DSP FFT processor. It includes fused floating point units like a dot product unit and add/subtract unit to perform FFT butterfly operations more efficiently. The dot product unit performs two multiplications and an addition/subtraction in one cycle to reduce latency and area compared to discrete implementations. The add/subtract unit calculates the sum and difference of two numbers in parallel. These fused units are used to implement a radix-2 FFT butterfly that is 20% faster and 30% smaller than a conventional design. The processing unit can perform 26 different floating point and logical operations needed for FFT processing. Simulation results show the performance benefits of the fused units and radix-2
Fpga based efficient multiplier for image processing applications using recur...VLSICS Design
The Digital Image processing applications like medical imaging, satellite imaging, Biometric trait images
etc., rely on multipliers to improve the quality of image. However, existing multiplication techniques
introduce errors in the output with consumption of more time, hence error free high speed multipliers has
to be designed. In this paper we propose FPGA based Recursive Error Free Mitchell Log Multiplier
(REFMLM) for image Filters. The 2x2 error free Mitchell log multiplier is designed with zero error by
introducing error correction term is used in higher order Karastuba-Ofman Multiplier (KOM)
Architectures. The higher order KOM multipliers is decomposed into number of lower order multipliers
using radix 2 till basic multiplier block of order 2x2 which is designed by error free Mitchell log multiplier.
The 8x8 REFMLM is tested for Gaussian filter to remove noise in fingerprint image. The Multiplier is
synthesized using Spartan 3 FPGA family device XC3S1500-5fg320. It is observed that the performance
parameters such as area utilization, speed, error and PSNR are better in the case of proposed architecture
compared to existing architectures.
FIR Filter Implementation by Systolization using DA-based DecompositionIDES Editor
In this paper we present 1D and 2D systolic
Distributed Arithmetic (DA) based structures that are designed
for the implementation of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters.
The paper compares the 1D DA based systolic structure with
1D systolic DA based decomposition method. The filters are
implemented on a Xilinx Virtex II Pro (XC2VP30) FPGA using
HDL and system metrics like Area, Gate Count, Maximum
Usable Frequency and Power consumption are estimated for
different filter orders and address lengths. The 1D systolic
decomposition structure is also compared with the existing
system generator implementation of DA FIR.. Results for an
exemplary implementation are presented.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
High Speed and Area Efficient 2D DWT Processor Based Image Compressionsipij
The document describes a proposed high speed and area efficient 2D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) processor design for image compression applications implemented on FPGAs. The design uses a pipelined partially serial architecture to enhance speed while optimally utilizing FPGA resources. Simulation results show the design operating at 231MHz on a Spartan 3 FPGA, a 15% improvement over alternative designs. Resource utilization and speed are improved compared to previous implementations through the optimized DWT processor architecture and FPGA platform choice.
IRJET- Efficient Shift add Implementation of Fir Filter using Variable Pa...IRJET Journal
This document discusses efficient implementations of shift-add operations in finite impulse response (FIR) filters using variable partition hybrid form structures. FIR filters are widely used in digital signal processing and their performance is dominated by multiplication operations. The proposed method aims to reduce power consumption and complexity by implementing multiplications using optimized shift-add networks instead of multipliers. It explores variable size partitioning approaches and prefix adders to reduce gate count, dynamic power, and improve filter performance.
FPGA Implementation of Multiplier-less CDF-5/3 Wavelet Transform for Image Pr...IOSRJVSP
Most of the digital image processing application uses various domain transformation technique to convert time domain information to transform domain which will help to simplify the mathematical modeling. Discrete Wavelet Transform is one of the best transformation techniques. The time-frequency resolution makes this transform sensitive to both time and frequency which will give very good compression and decompression. In this paper, we propose FPGA implementation of multiplier-less CDF-5/3 wavelet transform for image processing application using System-Generator tool.To maintain low area and high frequency we use multiplier-less architecture for CDF-5/3 DWT for our implementation. The VHDL code for multiplier-less structure is fed to system generator tool using standard procedure and synthesis the structure to get the area and frequency
EFFICIENT ABSOLUTE DIFFERENCE CIRCUIT FOR SAD COMPUTATION ON FPGAVLSICS Design
Video Compression is very essential to meet the technological demands such as low power, less memory and fast transfer rate for different range of devices and for various multimedia applications. Video compression is primarily achieved by Motion Estimation (ME) process in any video encoder which contributes to significant compression gain.Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) is used as distortion metric in ME process.In this paper, efficient Absolute Difference(AD)circuit is proposed which uses Brent Kung Adder(BKA) and a comparator based on modified 1’s complement principle and conditional sum adder scheme. Results shows that proposed architecture reduces delay by 15% and number of slice LUTs by 42 % as compared to conventional architecture. Simulation and synthesis are done on Xilinx ISE 14.2 using Virtex 7 FPGA.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Video Denoising using Transform Domain MethodIRJET Journal
This document presents a proposed method for video denoising using dictionary learning and transform domain techniques. It begins with an abstract describing how traditional video denoising models based on Gaussian noise do not account for real-world noise sources. The proposed method then learns basis functions adaptively from input video frames using dictionary learning, providing a sparse representation. Hard thresholding is applied in the transform domain to compute denoised frames. Experimental results on standard test videos show the method achieves competitive performance compared to other approaches in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio.
In present day MAC unit is demanded in most of the Digital signal processing. Function of addition and multiplication is performed by the MAC unit. MAC operates in two stages. Firstly, multiplier computes the given number output and the result is forwarded to second stage i.e. addition/accumulation operates. Speed of multiplier is important in MAC unit which determines critical path as well as area is also of great importance in designing of MAC unit. Multiplier plays an important roles in many digital signal processing (DSP) applications such as in convolution, digital filters and other data processing unit. Many research has been performed on MAC implementation. This paper provides analysis of the research and investigations held till now.
IRJET- Low Complexity Pipelined FFT Design for High Throughput and Low Densit...IRJET Journal
This document describes a low complexity pipelined FFT design for high throughput applications. It proposes a feedforward FFT architecture based on rotator allocation to reduce the number and complexity of rotators. The key aspects are:
1) It uses a divide-and-conquer approach to split the FFT computation into stages, with butterflies operating on data whose indexes differ in the stage bit position.
2) It allocates the index bits into serial and parallel dimensions to optimize the distribution of rotations across stages. This aims to minimize the number of rotators and keep rotations in the same serial allocation set.
3) The proposed approach is shown to reduce the number and complexity of rotators in the FFT architecture compared
FPGA Implementation of Higher Order FIR Filter IJECEIAES
The digital Finite-Impulse-Response (FIR) filters are mainly employed in digital signal processing applications. The main components of digital FIR filters designed on FPGAs are the register bank to save the samples of signals, adder to implement sum operations and multiplier for multiplication of filter coefficients to signal samples. Although, design and implementation of digital FIR filters seem simple but the design bottleneck is multiplier block for speed, power consumption and FPGA chip area occupation. The multipliers are an integral part in FIR structures and these use a large part of the chip area. This limits the number of processing elements (PE) available on the chip to realize a higher order of filter. A model is developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment to investigate the performance of the desired higher order FIR filter. An equivalent FIR filter representation is designed by the Xilinx FIR Compiler by using the exported FIR filter coefficients. The Xilinx implementation flow is completed with the help of Xilinx ISE 14.5. It is observed how the use of higher order FIR filter impacts the resource utilization of the FPGA and it’s the maximum operating frequency.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Area Efficient and high-speed fir filter implementation using divided LUT methodIJMER
Traditional method of implementing FIR filters costs considerable hardware resourses,
which goes against the decrease of circuit scale and the increase of system speed. A new design and
implementation of FIR filters using Distributed Arithmetic is provided in this paper to slove this
problem. Distributed Arithmetic structure is used to increase the resourse useage while pipeline
structure is also used to increase the system speed. In addition, the devided LUT method is also used to
decrease the required memory units. The simulation results indicate that FIR filters using Distributed
Arithmetic can work stable with high speed and can save almost 50 percent hardware resourses to
decrease the circuit scale, and can be applied to a variety of areas for its great flexibility and high
reliability
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Design and implementation of DA FIR filter for bio-inspired computing archite...IJECEIAES
This paper elucidates the system construct of DA-FIR filter optimized for design of distributed arithmetic (DA) finite impulse response (FIR) filter and is based on architecture with tightly coupled co-processor based data processing units. With a series of look-up-table (LUT) accesses in order to emulate multiply and accumulate operations the constructed DA based FIR filter is implemented on FPGA. The very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) is used implement the proposed filter and the design is verified using simulation. This paper discusses two optimization algorithms and resulting optimizations are incorporated into LUT layer and architecture extractions. The proposed method offers an optimized design in the form of offers average miminimizations of the number of LUT, reduction in populated slices and gate minimization for DAfinite impulse response filter. This research paves a direction towards development of bio inspired computing architectures developed without logically intensive operations, obtaining the desired specifications with respect to performance, timing, and reliability.
37 9144 new technique based peasant multiplication (edit lafi)IAESIJEECS
The Direct Form FIR channel is utilized for DSP application where the channel request is settled. For the most part this channel devours more range and power. To defeat this issue Multiplier Control Signal Decision window (MCSD) plans is joined into Direct Form FIR channel to powerfully change the channel arrange. MCSD structures comprise of Control flag Generator (CG) and Amplitude Detection (AD) rationale circuits. Advertisement rationale is utilized to disavow the correct duplication process and screen the amplitudes of information tests. CG is utilized to control the channel operation through inside counter. Traditional reconfigurable FIR channel is planned utilizing Vedic Multiplier that devours more territory and deferral. In this paper, changed reconfigurable FIR filer is intended to additionally decrease the APT (Area, Power and Timing) item. The proposed Reconfigurable FIR filer, Vedic Multiplier is supplanted by Russian Peasant Multiplication procedure. Subsequently adjusted Reconfigurable FIR channel with Russian Peasant Multiplier expends less region, postponement and power than all analyzed techniques.
1. The document presents a design for a modified Booth recoder using a fused add-multiply (FAM) operator to implement digital signal processing applications more efficiently.
2. It proposes a new recoding technique to decrease the critical path delay and reduce area and power consumption of the FAM unit compared to existing recoding schemes.
3. The technique is also applied to the implementation of finite impulse response (FIR) filters to further optimize hardware usage and achieve faithfully rounded outputs within tight area and power constraints for mobile applications.
Design and Implementation of Low Power DSP Core with Programmable Truncated V...ijsrd.com
The programmable truncated Vedic multiplication is the method which uses Vedic multiplier and programmable truncation control bits and which reduces part of the area and power required by multipliers by only computing the most-significant bits of the product. The basic process of truncation includes physical reduction of the partial product matrix and a compensation for the reduced bits via different hardware compensation sub circuits. These results in fixed systems optimized for a given application at design time. A novel approach to truncation is proposed, where a full precision vedic multiplier is implemented, but the active section of the truncation is selected by truncation control bits dynamically at run-time. Such architecture brings together the power reduction benefits from truncated multipliers and the flexibility of reconfigurable and general purpose devices. Efficient implementation of such a multiplier is presented in a custom digital signal processor where the concept of software compensation is introduced and analyzed for different applications. Experimental results and power measurements are studied, including power measurements from both post-synthesis simulations and a fabricated IC implementation. This is the first system-level DSP core using a high speed Vedic truncated multiplier. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the programmable truncated MAC (PTMAC) in achieving power reduction, with minimum impact on functionality for a number of applications. On comparison with the previous parallel multipliers Vedic should be much more fast and area should be reduced. Programmable truncated Vedic multiplier (PTVM) should be the basic part implemented for the arithmetic and PTMAC units.
A Review of Different Methods for Booth MultiplierIJERA Editor
In this review paper, different type of implementation of Booth multiplier has been studied. Multipliers has great importance in digital signal processor, so designing a high-speed multiplier is the need of the hour. Advantages of using modified booth multiplier algorithm is that the number of partial product is reduced. Different types of addition algorithms are also discussed which are used for addition operation of multiplier.
Multipliers play an important role in today’s digital signal processing (DSP) and various other
applications. Multiplication is the most time consuming process in various signal processing operations like
convolution, circular convolution, auto-correlation and cross-correlation. With advances in technology, many
researchers have tried and are trying to design multipliers which offer either of the following- high speed, low
power consumption, regularity of layout and hence less area or even combination of them in multiplier. However
area and speed are two conflicting constraints. So improving speed results always in larger areas. So here we try
to find out the best trade off solution among the both of them. To have features like high speed and low power
consumption multipliers several algorithms have been introduced .In this paper, we describes Multipliers by using
various algorithm in VLSI technology.
A Pipelined Fused Processing Unit for DSP Applicationsijiert bestjournal
This document describes the design of a pipelined processing unit for a DSP FFT processor. It includes fused floating point units like a dot product unit and add/subtract unit to perform FFT butterfly operations more efficiently. The dot product unit performs two multiplications and an addition/subtraction in one cycle to reduce latency and area compared to discrete implementations. The add/subtract unit calculates the sum and difference of two numbers in parallel. These fused units are used to implement a radix-2 FFT butterfly that is 20% faster and 30% smaller than a conventional design. The processing unit can perform 26 different floating point and logical operations needed for FFT processing. Simulation results show the performance benefits of the fused units and radix-2
Fpga based efficient multiplier for image processing applications using recur...VLSICS Design
The Digital Image processing applications like medical imaging, satellite imaging, Biometric trait images
etc., rely on multipliers to improve the quality of image. However, existing multiplication techniques
introduce errors in the output with consumption of more time, hence error free high speed multipliers has
to be designed. In this paper we propose FPGA based Recursive Error Free Mitchell Log Multiplier
(REFMLM) for image Filters. The 2x2 error free Mitchell log multiplier is designed with zero error by
introducing error correction term is used in higher order Karastuba-Ofman Multiplier (KOM)
Architectures. The higher order KOM multipliers is decomposed into number of lower order multipliers
using radix 2 till basic multiplier block of order 2x2 which is designed by error free Mitchell log multiplier.
The 8x8 REFMLM is tested for Gaussian filter to remove noise in fingerprint image. The Multiplier is
synthesized using Spartan 3 FPGA family device XC3S1500-5fg320. It is observed that the performance
parameters such as area utilization, speed, error and PSNR are better in the case of proposed architecture
compared to existing architectures.
FIR Filter Implementation by Systolization using DA-based DecompositionIDES Editor
In this paper we present 1D and 2D systolic
Distributed Arithmetic (DA) based structures that are designed
for the implementation of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters.
The paper compares the 1D DA based systolic structure with
1D systolic DA based decomposition method. The filters are
implemented on a Xilinx Virtex II Pro (XC2VP30) FPGA using
HDL and system metrics like Area, Gate Count, Maximum
Usable Frequency and Power consumption are estimated for
different filter orders and address lengths. The 1D systolic
decomposition structure is also compared with the existing
system generator implementation of DA FIR.. Results for an
exemplary implementation are presented.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
High Speed and Area Efficient 2D DWT Processor Based Image Compressionsipij
The document describes a proposed high speed and area efficient 2D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) processor design for image compression applications implemented on FPGAs. The design uses a pipelined partially serial architecture to enhance speed while optimally utilizing FPGA resources. Simulation results show the design operating at 231MHz on a Spartan 3 FPGA, a 15% improvement over alternative designs. Resource utilization and speed are improved compared to previous implementations through the optimized DWT processor architecture and FPGA platform choice.
IRJET- Efficient Shift add Implementation of Fir Filter using Variable Pa...IRJET Journal
This document discusses efficient implementations of shift-add operations in finite impulse response (FIR) filters using variable partition hybrid form structures. FIR filters are widely used in digital signal processing and their performance is dominated by multiplication operations. The proposed method aims to reduce power consumption and complexity by implementing multiplications using optimized shift-add networks instead of multipliers. It explores variable size partitioning approaches and prefix adders to reduce gate count, dynamic power, and improve filter performance.
FPGA Implementation of Multiplier-less CDF-5/3 Wavelet Transform for Image Pr...IOSRJVSP
Most of the digital image processing application uses various domain transformation technique to convert time domain information to transform domain which will help to simplify the mathematical modeling. Discrete Wavelet Transform is one of the best transformation techniques. The time-frequency resolution makes this transform sensitive to both time and frequency which will give very good compression and decompression. In this paper, we propose FPGA implementation of multiplier-less CDF-5/3 wavelet transform for image processing application using System-Generator tool.To maintain low area and high frequency we use multiplier-less architecture for CDF-5/3 DWT for our implementation. The VHDL code for multiplier-less structure is fed to system generator tool using standard procedure and synthesis the structure to get the area and frequency
EFFICIENT ABSOLUTE DIFFERENCE CIRCUIT FOR SAD COMPUTATION ON FPGAVLSICS Design
Video Compression is very essential to meet the technological demands such as low power, less memory and fast transfer rate for different range of devices and for various multimedia applications. Video compression is primarily achieved by Motion Estimation (ME) process in any video encoder which contributes to significant compression gain.Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) is used as distortion metric in ME process.In this paper, efficient Absolute Difference(AD)circuit is proposed which uses Brent Kung Adder(BKA) and a comparator based on modified 1’s complement principle and conditional sum adder scheme. Results shows that proposed architecture reduces delay by 15% and number of slice LUTs by 42 % as compared to conventional architecture. Simulation and synthesis are done on Xilinx ISE 14.2 using Virtex 7 FPGA.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Video Denoising using Transform Domain MethodIRJET Journal
This document presents a proposed method for video denoising using dictionary learning and transform domain techniques. It begins with an abstract describing how traditional video denoising models based on Gaussian noise do not account for real-world noise sources. The proposed method then learns basis functions adaptively from input video frames using dictionary learning, providing a sparse representation. Hard thresholding is applied in the transform domain to compute denoised frames. Experimental results on standard test videos show the method achieves competitive performance compared to other approaches in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio.
In present day MAC unit is demanded in most of the Digital signal processing. Function of addition and multiplication is performed by the MAC unit. MAC operates in two stages. Firstly, multiplier computes the given number output and the result is forwarded to second stage i.e. addition/accumulation operates. Speed of multiplier is important in MAC unit which determines critical path as well as area is also of great importance in designing of MAC unit. Multiplier plays an important roles in many digital signal processing (DSP) applications such as in convolution, digital filters and other data processing unit. Many research has been performed on MAC implementation. This paper provides analysis of the research and investigations held till now.
IRJET- Low Complexity Pipelined FFT Design for High Throughput and Low Densit...IRJET Journal
This document describes a low complexity pipelined FFT design for high throughput applications. It proposes a feedforward FFT architecture based on rotator allocation to reduce the number and complexity of rotators. The key aspects are:
1) It uses a divide-and-conquer approach to split the FFT computation into stages, with butterflies operating on data whose indexes differ in the stage bit position.
2) It allocates the index bits into serial and parallel dimensions to optimize the distribution of rotations across stages. This aims to minimize the number of rotators and keep rotations in the same serial allocation set.
3) The proposed approach is shown to reduce the number and complexity of rotators in the FFT architecture compared
FPGA Implementation of Higher Order FIR Filter IJECEIAES
The digital Finite-Impulse-Response (FIR) filters are mainly employed in digital signal processing applications. The main components of digital FIR filters designed on FPGAs are the register bank to save the samples of signals, adder to implement sum operations and multiplier for multiplication of filter coefficients to signal samples. Although, design and implementation of digital FIR filters seem simple but the design bottleneck is multiplier block for speed, power consumption and FPGA chip area occupation. The multipliers are an integral part in FIR structures and these use a large part of the chip area. This limits the number of processing elements (PE) available on the chip to realize a higher order of filter. A model is developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment to investigate the performance of the desired higher order FIR filter. An equivalent FIR filter representation is designed by the Xilinx FIR Compiler by using the exported FIR filter coefficients. The Xilinx implementation flow is completed with the help of Xilinx ISE 14.5. It is observed how the use of higher order FIR filter impacts the resource utilization of the FPGA and it’s the maximum operating frequency.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Area Efficient and high-speed fir filter implementation using divided LUT methodIJMER
Traditional method of implementing FIR filters costs considerable hardware resourses,
which goes against the decrease of circuit scale and the increase of system speed. A new design and
implementation of FIR filters using Distributed Arithmetic is provided in this paper to slove this
problem. Distributed Arithmetic structure is used to increase the resourse useage while pipeline
structure is also used to increase the system speed. In addition, the devided LUT method is also used to
decrease the required memory units. The simulation results indicate that FIR filters using Distributed
Arithmetic can work stable with high speed and can save almost 50 percent hardware resourses to
decrease the circuit scale, and can be applied to a variety of areas for its great flexibility and high
reliability
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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Design and implementation of DA FIR filter for bio-inspired computing archite...IJECEIAES
This paper elucidates the system construct of DA-FIR filter optimized for design of distributed arithmetic (DA) finite impulse response (FIR) filter and is based on architecture with tightly coupled co-processor based data processing units. With a series of look-up-table (LUT) accesses in order to emulate multiply and accumulate operations the constructed DA based FIR filter is implemented on FPGA. The very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) is used implement the proposed filter and the design is verified using simulation. This paper discusses two optimization algorithms and resulting optimizations are incorporated into LUT layer and architecture extractions. The proposed method offers an optimized design in the form of offers average miminimizations of the number of LUT, reduction in populated slices and gate minimization for DAfinite impulse response filter. This research paves a direction towards development of bio inspired computing architectures developed without logically intensive operations, obtaining the desired specifications with respect to performance, timing, and reliability.
IRJET- Review on Dynamic Reconfiguration of Filters for Signal ProcessingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on dynamic reconfiguration of filters for signal processing. It discusses implementing a dynamically reconfigurable image processing system on an FPGA that can reconfigure in real-time without stalling overall operation. It proposes optimizing LUT-based architectures by directly mapping them to FPGA CLB primitives. Dynamic partial reconfiguration is used to reconfigure the LUT values at run-time. The combination of optimized implementations with CLB primitives and dynamic partial reconfiguration results in multi-functional, area-efficient, and high-performance systems. It also discusses implementing a partially reconfigurable FIR filter design targeting low power consumption, autonomous adaptability, and reconfigurability on FPGAs
A METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ROBA MULTIPLIER FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONSVLSICS Design
In this paper, propose an approximate multiplier that is high speed yet energy efficient. The approach is to
around the operands to the closest exponent of 2. This way the machine intensive a part of the
multiplication is omitted up speed and energy consumption. The potency of the planned multiplier factor is
evaluated by comparing its performance with those of some approximate and correct multipliers using
different design parameters. In this proposed approach combined the conventional RoBA multiplier with
Kogge-stone parallel prefix adder. The results revealed that, in most (all) cases, the newly designed RoBA
multiplier architectures outperformed the corresponding approximate (exact) multipliers. Thus improved
the parameters of RoBA multiplier which can be used in the voice or image smoothing applications in the
DSP
A METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ROBA MULTIPLIER FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONSVLSICS Design
In this paper, propose an approximate multiplier that is high speed yet energy efficient. The approach is to around the operands to the closest exponent of 2. This way the machine intensive a part of the multiplication is omitted up speed and energy consumption. The potency of the planned multiplier factor is evaluated by comparing its performance with those of some approximate and correct multipliers using different design parameters. In this proposed approach combined the conventional RoBA multiplier with Kogge-stone parallel prefix adder. The results revealed that, in most (all) cases, the newly designed RoBA multiplier architectures outperformed the corresponding approximate (exact) multipliers. Thus improved the parameters of RoBA multiplier which can be used in the voice or image smoothing applications in the DSP.
A METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ROBA MULTIPLIER FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONSVLSICS Design
In this paper, propose an approximate multiplier that is high speed yet energy efficient. The approach is to
around the operands to the closest exponent of 2. This way the machine intensive a part of the
multiplication is omitted up speed and energy consumption. The potency of the planned multiplier factor is
evaluated by comparing its performance with those of some approximate and correct multipliers using
different design parameters. In this proposed approach combined the conventional RoBA multiplier with
Kogge-stone parallel prefix adder. The results revealed that, in most (all) cases, the newly designed RoBA
multiplier architectures outperformed the corresponding approximate (exact) multipliers. Thus improved
the parameters of RoBA multiplier which can be used in the voice or image smoothing applications in the
DSP.
A METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ROBA MULTIPLIER FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONSVLSICS Design
In this paper, propose an approximate multiplier that is high speed yet energy efficient. The approach is to around the operands to the closest exponent of 2. This way the machine intensive a part of the multiplication is omitted up speed and energy consumption. The potency of the planned multiplier factor is evaluated by comparing its performance with those of some approximate and correct multipliers using different design parameters. In this proposed approach combined the conventional RoBA multiplier with Kogge-stone parallel prefix adder. The results revealed that, in most (all) cases, the newly designed RoBA multiplier architectures outperformed the corresponding approximate (exact) multipliers. Thus improved the parameters of RoBA multiplier which can be used in the voice or image smoothing applications in the DSP.
FPGA based Efficient Interpolator design using DALUT Algorithmcscpconf
Interpolator is an important sampling device used for multirate filtering to
provide signal processing in wireless communication system. There are many
applications in which sampling rate must be changed. Interpolators and decimators are
utilized to increase or decrease the sampling rate. In this paper an efficient method has
been presented to implement high speed and area efficient interpolator for wireless
communication systems. A multiplier less technique is used which substitutes multiplyand-accumulate
operations with look up table (LUT) accesses. Interpolator has been
implemented using Partitioned distributed arithmetic look up table (DALUT)
technique. This technique has been used to take an optimal advantage of embedded
LUTs of the target FPGA. This method is useful to enhance the system performance in
terms of speed and area. The proposed interpolator has been designed using half band
poly phase FIR structure with Matlab, simulated with ISE, synthesized with Xilinx
Synthesis Tools (XST) and implemented on Spartan-3E and Virtex2pro device. The
proposed LUT based multiplier less approach has shown a maximum operating
frequency of 92.859 MHz with Virtex Pro and 61.6 MHz with Spartan 3E by
consuming considerably less resources to provide cost effective solution for wireless
communication systems.
IRJET- Low Complexity and Critical Path Based VLSI Architecture for LMS A...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a low complexity and critical path based VLSI architecture for an LMS adaptive filter. It presents a Booth multiplier based FIR filter with fixed coefficients to reduce complexity. A variable coefficient FIR filter is then proposed that applies the LMS algorithm to adapt filter coefficients and minimize error. Design considerations including hardware resources and power consumption are discussed. Simulation results show the proposed filter removes noise from an input signal while using less logic than other FIR filter designs through Booth recoding and selective multiplication techniques.
IRJET- Flexible DSP Accelerator Architecture using Carry Lookahead TreeIRJET Journal
This document presents a flexible DSP accelerator architecture using a carry lookahead tree. It aims to improve on existing flexible accelerator designs by enabling computations to be efficiently performed using carry lookahead formatted data. The proposed architecture contains flexible computational units that can efficiently execute a wide range of DSP operation patterns. It differs from prior work by using a carry lookahead tree instead of a carry save tree. Simulation results show the proposed design achieves faster execution and a larger reduction in delay time compared to existing flexible accelerator approaches.
Design of efficient reversible floating-point arithmetic unit on field progr...IJECEIAES
The reversible logic gates are used to improve the power dissipation in modern computer applications. The floating-point numbers with reversible features are added advantage to performing complex algorithms with highperformance computations. This manuscript implements an efficient reversible floating-point arithmetic (RFPA) unit, and its performance metrics are realized in detail. The RFP adder/subtractor (A/S), RFP multiplier, and RFP divider units are designed as a part of the RFP arithmetic unit. The RFPA unit is designed by considering basic reversible gates. The mantissa part of the RFP multiplier is created using a 24x24 Wallace tree multiplier. In contrast, the reciprocal unit of the RFP divider is designed using Newton Raphson’s method. The RFPA unit and its submodules are executed in parallel by utilizing one clock cycle individually. The RFPA unit and its submodules are synthesized separately on the Vivado IDE environment and obtained the implementation results on Artix-7 field programmable gate array (FPGA). The RFPA unit utilizes only 18.44% slice look-up tables (LUTs) by consuming the 0.891 W total power on Artix-7 FPGA. The RFPA unit sub-models are compared with existing approaches with better performance metrics and chip resource utilization improvements.
IRJET- A Digital Down Converter on Zynq SoCIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a digital down converter (DDC) on a Zynq System on Chip (SoC). Key points:
- The DDC is designed for airborne radar receivers to downconvert high sample rate digitized signals to a lower frequency for easier processing.
- The DDC implementation includes a direct digital synthesizer to generate input signals, complex multiplication for mixing, and a two-stage decimation and filtering process.
- The design is implemented on a Zynq SoC which provides the flexibility of a processor and programmability of an FPGA.
- Results show the DDC design achieves significant improvements in resource utilization compared to a full
Performance Evaluation of FPGA Based Runtime Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses performance evaluation of FPGA-based runtime dynamic partial reconfiguration for matrix multiplication. It implements matrix multiplication using a Virtex-5 FPGA, with the design reconfigured at runtime by changing partial modules. Results show that dynamic partial reconfiguration increases the availability of reconfigurable resources on the FPGA. The paper also outlines the hardware implementation methodology, proposed architecture using partial reconfiguration, and Xilinx design flow.
Performance Evaluation of FPGA Based Runtime Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of FPGA-based runtime dynamic partial reconfiguration for matrix multiplication. The author implements matrix multiplication using a Virtex-5 FPGA, with the ability to reconfigure modules for the multiplication at runtime. Simulation results show the multiplication of 2x2 and 4x4 matrices using this partial reconfiguration method. The results demonstrate that dynamic partial reconfiguration allows changing modules while keeping other parts of the design static, improving resource utilization and reducing power consumption compared to a fully static implementation.
Design of a Novel Multiplier and Accumulator using Modified Booth Algorithm w...IRJET Journal
The document describes a novel design for a multiplier and accumulator (MAC) unit using the modified Booth algorithm and parallel self-timed adder (PASTA). The modified Booth algorithm reduces the number of partial products compared to a regular multiplication process, lowering delay. A carry save adder design is also proposed to further improve performance in terms of computation speed, power consumption, and area compared to a conventional design using the modified Booth algorithm. Simulation results show the proposed MAC design with PASTA has better performance and reduced area overhead and critical path delay compared to conventional methods.
Design and Implementation of Parallel FIR Filter Using High Speed Vedic Multi...rahulmonikasharma
The demand for high speed processing has been increasing as a result of expanding computer and signal processing applications. Higher throughput arithmetic operations are important to achieve the desired performance in many signal processing and image processing applications. One of the key arithmetic operations in such applications is multiplication which determines the performance of the entire system. Thus the optimization of the multiplier speed and area is a challenge for many processors. This challenge has been successfully overcome by the use of ancient Vedic multiplier. This paper illustrates design and implementation of parallel Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters using Vedic mathematics based Urdhva Tiryabhyam algorithm. The system is aiming to reduced propagation delay and area of the filter. The proposed system based on Vedic multiplier is compared with that on conventional multiplier on the basis of resources and time required for processing given data. The comparison shows the 36.29% and 15.70% reduction in propagation delay for two-parallel and three-parallel FIR filter using Vedic multiplier as compared to that of conventional multiplier. The architecture is coded in VHDL and synthesized and simulated by using Xilinx Design Suite 13.1 ISE.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
This document describes a proposed VLSI architecture for an optimized low power digit serial finite impulse response (FIR) filter using multiple constant multiplications (MCM). It introduces an algorithm to optimize the area of digit serial MCM operations at the gate level by considering implementation costs of digit serial addition, subtraction, and shift operations. The proposed filter architecture aims to reduce area and power compared to designs using generic digit serial multipliers through the use of MCM blocks optimized for area. Experimental results indicate the algorithm leads to lower complexity digit serial MCM designs.
Similar to AN EFFICIENT DSP ARCHITECTURE DESIGN IN FPGA USING LOOP BACK ALGORITHM (20)
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.