Medical Imaging is extremely valuable as a diagnostic tool in the pediatric population, but it comes with a number of distinct challenges as compared to the imaging of adults. This is because of the following: It requires dedicated imaging protocols to acquire the images, there is need for sedation or general anesthesia for longer procedures such as MRI, specific training is required for the healthcare personnel involved, thorough knowledge and expertise should be applied for evaluating the images, and most importantly, it requires consideration for radiation exposure if ionizing radiation is being used. One of the challenges for clinical care personnel is to gain the childs trust and co-operation before and throughout the duration of an examination, which can prove to be difficult in children who may be ill and have pain. This is important to acquire quality images and prevent repeat examinations. Even with a quality examination, the accurate interpretation of images requires a thorough knowledge of the intricate and dynamic face of anatomy and specific pathological presentations in children. The increased radiation sensitivity of growing organs and childrens longer expected life spans make them more susceptible to the harmful effects of radiation. Imaging pediatric patients in a dedicated pediatric imaging department with dedicated pediatric CT technologists may result in greater compliance with pediatric protocols and significantly reduced patient dose. In order to prevent the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle should be strictly followed. This article seeks to draw attention to various challenges of pediatric imaging and the ways to overcome them Tamijeselvan S"An Assessment of Problems and Preferences in Medical Imaging of Pediatric Patients" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11012.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/radiology/11012/an-assessment-of-problems-and-preferences-in-medical-imaging-of-pediatric-patients/tamijeselvan-s
My thoughts on the challenges in pediatric radiology in India today. I have discussed the current status and the future prospects and offered possible solutions as well. This was the Dr. Arcot Gajaraj oration that I delivered at the X Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Pediatric Radiology (ISPR) in Chandigarh on 29th September, 2012.
My thoughts on the challenges in pediatric radiology in India today. I have discussed the current status and the future prospects and offered possible solutions as well. This was the Dr. Arcot Gajaraj oration that I delivered at the X Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Pediatric Radiology (ISPR) in Chandigarh on 29th September, 2012.
In this work, we describe the field research, design, and comparative deployment of a multimodal medical imaging user interface for breast screening. The main contributions described here are threefold: 1) The design of an advanced visual interface for multimodal diagnosis of breast cancer (BreastScreening); 2) Insights from the field comparison of Single-Modality vs Multi-Modality screening of breast cancer diagnosis with 31 clinicians and 566 images; and 3) The visualization of the two main types of breast lesions in the following image modalities: (i) MammoGraphy (MG) in both Craniocaudal (CC) and Mediolateral oblique (MLO) views; (ii) UltraSound (US); and (iii) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
The Complementary Roles of Computer-Aided Diagnosis and Quantitative Image A...Carestream
This presentation from RSNA explains how their similarities and differences have an impact on assessment, quality assurance and training in radiography. Read the blog at http://www.carestream.com/blog/2016/06/07/differences-between-computer-aided-diagnosis-and-quantitative-image-analysis/
Traditional Text-only vs. Multimedia Enhanced Radiology ReportingCarestream
The Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences at Emory University School of Medicine partnered with Carestream to seek out the perceived value of using multimedia-enhanced radiology reports (MERR) vs. the traditional text reports. The results overwhelmingly favored the MERRs.
With almost half of oncology studies failing due to a lack of patient retention, there is a critical need to develop more efficient and patient focused strategies. Jessica Thilaganathan at CRF Health sits down with International Clinical Trials to explain why electronic clinical outcome solutions could be the answer. (Published with permission of International Clinical Trials).
Presentation at Medicine X conference held at Stanford La Ka-Shing conference center 29-30 september 2012 with the title: Using computer tablets to empower breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy treatment
This presentation shows that doctors are increasingly using mobile health for:
•Mobile, text and video-based consultations
•Patient monitoring
•Accessing patient data
•Explaining to patients their conditions and medical information
•Increased efficiency, for example saving time in receiving test results or consulting with colleagues or administration.
However for many m-Health is changing the doctor-patient relationship. The doctors’ traditional role is being disrupted while patients are becoming more independent and more active in managing their own healthcare.
Craig lipset, Director of Clinical Research
at Pfi zer, leads a panel discussion on the
current state of clinical trials and the use
of technology to capture the voice of the
patient. Th e panelists, coming from various
backgrounds, lend their diff ering viewpoints
on the current and future trends in
this space
Building Capacities: Policy, Advocacy:Kayvan RoayaieUWGlobalHealth
Global Partners in Anesthesia and Surgery: A model partnership between two academic institutions to build surgical and perioperative services in Uganda
Kayvan Roayaie, UCSF
5 Steps to Becoming a Radiologic Technologist: 1. Educational Prerequisites 2. Obtain a Degree 3. Clinical Training 4. Licensing and Certification 5. Continuing Education
Assessment of Health Care Workers Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Radiat...ijtsrd
Radiological doses are low and the chances of long time effect is minimal, but it should be kept as low as reasonably achievable. Therefore health workers especially Doctors requesting for imaging must be well trained in deciding when medical imaging should be carried out and should also have accurate knowledge of the associated risk involved. This can only be achieved if a proper knowledge and safety practice is adhered to. A cross sectional study to investigate the level of health workers knowledge, about radiation safety and their attitude towards radiation safety was carried out. A self administered questionnaire for radiation safety was sent to a purposive sample of 174 Health workers at a Specialist Hospital, in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. 169 questionnaires were filled and return by participant responsive rate 97.1 . The sample include 8 Radiologist, 72 Nurses, 3 Oncologist, 49 Clinicians, 26 Technicians and 11 Surgeons. Majority of the participants have never attain any radiation safety related training 76 . Radiologist and oncologist who were more frequently expose to ionizing radiation, their knowledge was not far better than the other health workers. The general knowledge score ranges from 5.9 to 60.9 , with a low score among nurses and surgeons. The most alarming was the applicability and convenience of radiation protection policies and procedure. Adherence to safety precaution practices was mostly violated by participants, especially nurses and surgeons, but they attributed it to the poor application of protective measures during performing the procedures. The investigation concluded that Health workers in a Specialist Hospital, Jos Plateau State, Nigeria have fair knowledge, negative attitude and poor safety practices towards radiation safety policies and precautions. Chenko G. Y. Nimchang | Ndam Moses Ponsel | Manset W. E. | Songden S. D "Assessment of Health Care Workers Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Radiation Safety at a Specialist Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46452.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/46452/assessment-of-health-care-workers-knowledge-attitude-and-practices-of-radiation-safety-at-a-specialist-hospital-jos-plateau-state-nigeria/chenko-g-y-nimchang
In this work, we describe the field research, design, and comparative deployment of a multimodal medical imaging user interface for breast screening. The main contributions described here are threefold: 1) The design of an advanced visual interface for multimodal diagnosis of breast cancer (BreastScreening); 2) Insights from the field comparison of Single-Modality vs Multi-Modality screening of breast cancer diagnosis with 31 clinicians and 566 images; and 3) The visualization of the two main types of breast lesions in the following image modalities: (i) MammoGraphy (MG) in both Craniocaudal (CC) and Mediolateral oblique (MLO) views; (ii) UltraSound (US); and (iii) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
The Complementary Roles of Computer-Aided Diagnosis and Quantitative Image A...Carestream
This presentation from RSNA explains how their similarities and differences have an impact on assessment, quality assurance and training in radiography. Read the blog at http://www.carestream.com/blog/2016/06/07/differences-between-computer-aided-diagnosis-and-quantitative-image-analysis/
Traditional Text-only vs. Multimedia Enhanced Radiology ReportingCarestream
The Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences at Emory University School of Medicine partnered with Carestream to seek out the perceived value of using multimedia-enhanced radiology reports (MERR) vs. the traditional text reports. The results overwhelmingly favored the MERRs.
With almost half of oncology studies failing due to a lack of patient retention, there is a critical need to develop more efficient and patient focused strategies. Jessica Thilaganathan at CRF Health sits down with International Clinical Trials to explain why electronic clinical outcome solutions could be the answer. (Published with permission of International Clinical Trials).
Presentation at Medicine X conference held at Stanford La Ka-Shing conference center 29-30 september 2012 with the title: Using computer tablets to empower breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy treatment
This presentation shows that doctors are increasingly using mobile health for:
•Mobile, text and video-based consultations
•Patient monitoring
•Accessing patient data
•Explaining to patients their conditions and medical information
•Increased efficiency, for example saving time in receiving test results or consulting with colleagues or administration.
However for many m-Health is changing the doctor-patient relationship. The doctors’ traditional role is being disrupted while patients are becoming more independent and more active in managing their own healthcare.
Craig lipset, Director of Clinical Research
at Pfi zer, leads a panel discussion on the
current state of clinical trials and the use
of technology to capture the voice of the
patient. Th e panelists, coming from various
backgrounds, lend their diff ering viewpoints
on the current and future trends in
this space
Building Capacities: Policy, Advocacy:Kayvan RoayaieUWGlobalHealth
Global Partners in Anesthesia and Surgery: A model partnership between two academic institutions to build surgical and perioperative services in Uganda
Kayvan Roayaie, UCSF
5 Steps to Becoming a Radiologic Technologist: 1. Educational Prerequisites 2. Obtain a Degree 3. Clinical Training 4. Licensing and Certification 5. Continuing Education
Assessment of Health Care Workers Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Radiat...ijtsrd
Radiological doses are low and the chances of long time effect is minimal, but it should be kept as low as reasonably achievable. Therefore health workers especially Doctors requesting for imaging must be well trained in deciding when medical imaging should be carried out and should also have accurate knowledge of the associated risk involved. This can only be achieved if a proper knowledge and safety practice is adhered to. A cross sectional study to investigate the level of health workers knowledge, about radiation safety and their attitude towards radiation safety was carried out. A self administered questionnaire for radiation safety was sent to a purposive sample of 174 Health workers at a Specialist Hospital, in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. 169 questionnaires were filled and return by participant responsive rate 97.1 . The sample include 8 Radiologist, 72 Nurses, 3 Oncologist, 49 Clinicians, 26 Technicians and 11 Surgeons. Majority of the participants have never attain any radiation safety related training 76 . Radiologist and oncologist who were more frequently expose to ionizing radiation, their knowledge was not far better than the other health workers. The general knowledge score ranges from 5.9 to 60.9 , with a low score among nurses and surgeons. The most alarming was the applicability and convenience of radiation protection policies and procedure. Adherence to safety precaution practices was mostly violated by participants, especially nurses and surgeons, but they attributed it to the poor application of protective measures during performing the procedures. The investigation concluded that Health workers in a Specialist Hospital, Jos Plateau State, Nigeria have fair knowledge, negative attitude and poor safety practices towards radiation safety policies and precautions. Chenko G. Y. Nimchang | Ndam Moses Ponsel | Manset W. E. | Songden S. D "Assessment of Health Care Workers Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Radiation Safety at a Specialist Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46452.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/46452/assessment-of-health-care-workers-knowledge-attitude-and-practices-of-radiation-safety-at-a-specialist-hospital-jos-plateau-state-nigeria/chenko-g-y-nimchang
5 Steps Becoming an X-Ray Technician: 1. High School Diploma 2. Earn an Associate Degree 3. Clinical Training 4. Licensing and Certification 5. Continuing Education
Effective of a Structured Teaching Module Regarding Care of Children in the C...YogeshIJTSRD
A quasi experimental study, with pre test and post test without control group research design, the study was conducted on 100 nurses working in the cardio thoracic intensive care unit. purposive of sampling was used in selecting the sample for the study. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching module STM on the knowledge and practice of the nurses regarding management of patients in the cardio thoracic intensive care unit. The nurse taken for the study belonged mainly to the age group of 21 25 years 56 and were single 66 majority of the nurses were with diploma nursing qualification 72 .majority 65 had 1 3 years of experience and had worked in the cardiac surgery area. The finding of the study revealed that during pretest, the nurses had above average knowledge and practice before the structured teaching .with the implementation of the STM, these was an improvement in both the knowledge and practice of the STM, these was important in both the knowledge and practice of nurses . Mrs. Lata Kabdal | Mr. Yogendra Garg "Effective of a Structured Teaching Module Regarding Care of Children in the Cardio-Thoracic Intensive Care Unit on the Knowledge and Practice of the Nurses" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40062.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/40062/effective-of-a-structured-teaching-module-regarding-care-of-children-in-the-cardiothoracic-intensive-care-unit-on-the-knowledge-and-practice-of-the-nurses/mrs-lata-kabdal
Capstone Project Change Proposal Presentation for Faculty Review a.docxbartholomeocoombs
Capstone Project Change Proposal Presentation for Faculty Review and Feedback
Assessment Description
Create a 10-15 slide Power Point presentation of your evidence-based intervention and change proposal to be disseminated to an interprofessional audience of leaders and stakeholders. Include the intervention, evidence-based literature, objectives, resources needed, anticipated measurable outcomes, and how the intervention would be evaluated. Submit the presentation in the digital classroom for feedback from the instructor.
PICOT Question (See other file uploaded)
Interventions
Falling incidences can cause several complications, including health care costs, severe health issues, immobility, etc. With the severity of this issue, appropriate interventions should take place. In this context, proper monitoring is one of the significant interventions to prevent this incidence (Huang et al., 2020). Hence, incorporating educated and efficient technicians while providing patient care can be an essential step. Yet, due to decreased mobility or functionality, older people often require help in doing basic activities, in this aspect, providing help to the patients while changing to hospital-approved gowns (Liu-Ambrose et al., 2019). In addition, one significant and effective intervention is providing quick education to the patient regarding fall prevention strategies (Radecki, Reynolds & Kara, 2018). Another critical aspect is providing a safe environment for clinical care. Outpatient clinics should improve their workflow and environmental condition, such as removing hazardous materials, and keeping the floor clean and dry, so that the clinic can provide a safe area for older patients. These interventions can help prevent falls (Guirguis-Blake et al., 2018).
Benchmark - Capstone Change Project Objectives
1. Prevent elderly falls in an outpatient radiology clinic.
Rationale: Falls occur as age advances due to individual risk factors or environmental factors. For example, gait or balance deficits, chronic conditions, medications, and footwear the patient is wearing. Assisting these patient populations can prevent falls in the department.
2. Educate patients and people in the community on how to prevent falls.
Rationale: Educate patients regarding physical changes and chronic health conditions that cause or probability of falls.
3. Provide a safe environment for clinical care in the outpatient clinical setting.
Rationale: Design the clinical area accessible to patients in wheelchairs, with assistive devices, and with mobility deficits. Have handrails on walls and hallways for support, clean, non-skid floors, and lighted pathways in hallways, rooms, and bathrooms.
4. A patient care technician (PCT) is available in the outpatient clinical area for patients.
Rationale: Having a PCT in the clinical area, especially around the dressing rooms, would benefit the patients needing help when changing to hospital-approved gowns and monitoring patients for risk.
GC–MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Present in Ethanol Extract of Combretum...ijtsrd
Phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract of Combretum hispidum leaves were explored by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analysis. The compounds were identified by the gas chromatography coupled with the mass spectrometry. The molecular weight and structure of the compounds of Combretum hispidum leaves were ascertained by interpretation of the spectrum of GC MS using the database of National Institute of Standard and Technology NIST . GC MS analysis of Combretum hispidum leaves revealed the presence of nineteen biological active compounds. The compounds are N Tosyl dl 3,4 dehydroprolylglycine, ethyl ester, 1 n Butoxy 2,2,3,3 tetramethylaziridine, 2 Butenoic acid, 3 methyl 4 tetrahydro 3,4 dihydroxy 5 3 2 hydroxy 1 methylpropyl oxiranyl methyl 2H pyran , Cobalt, octacarbonyl zinc di , 2Co Zn , 6 Dehydroxy 2,3,3,4,4,5,7 hepta O methylisoorientin, 2 naphthalenol, 3 5 3 nitrophenyl 1,3,4 oxadiazol 2 yl , L Proline, N 1 naphthoyl , dodecyl ester, 3,6 Dispirocyclohexyl 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 octahydro 1,8 acridinedione, Sarcosine, N 2 chloroethoxycarbonyl , heptadecyl ester, Cycloocta 1,2 b 4,3 b 5,6 b 8,7 b tetrakis 1 benzothiophene, Butanoic acid, 2 chloro 3 methyl , 4 5 heptyl 2 pyrimidinyl phenyl ester, Friedooleanan 1 one, 3,24 dihydroxy , 9 O Methyl 4,5 deoxymaytansino, Ditelluride, di 1 naphthalenyl, tert Butylstibinous acid thioanhydride, l Leucine, N methyl n pentadecafluorocarbonyl , octadecyl ester, 2,5 Dichloro N ethyl N phenyl benzamide, 2 Thiophenylacetic acid, 2,2,2 trifluoroethyl ester, Methyl 8 5 methoxycarbonyl methyl 2 furyl octanoate. It was concluded that the bioactive compounds support the use of C. hispidum leaves in the treatment of diseases like cancer, anaphylactic shock, renal failure, diabetes and hypertension. O. V. Ikpeazu | I. E. Otuokere | K. K. Igwe "GC–MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Present in Ethanol Extract of Combretum Hispidum (Laws) (Combretaceae) Leaves" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31868.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/biochemistry/31868/gc–ms-analysis-of-bioactive-compounds-present-in-ethanol-extract-of-combretum-hispidum-laws-combretaceae-leaves/o-v-ikpeazu
Advances in automatic tuberculosis detection in chest x ray imagessipij
Tuberculosis (TB) is very dangerous and rapidly spread disease in the world. In the investigating cases for
suspected tuberculosis (TB), chest radiography is not only the key techniques of diagnosis based on the
medical imaging but also the diagnostic radiology. So, Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) has been popular
and many researchers are interested in this research areas and different approaches have been proposed
for the TB detection and lung decease classification. In this paper, the medical background history of TB
decease in chest X-rays and a survey of the various approaches in TB detection and classification are
presented. The literature in the related methods is surveyed papers in this research area until now 2014.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
An Assessment of Problems and Preferences in Medical Imaging of Pediatric Patients
1. @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com
ISSN No: 2456
International
Research
An Assessment o
in Medical Imaging o
Asst. Professor in Radiography
of Health Sciences, A Govt. of Puducherry Institution,
ABSTRACT
Medical Imaging is extremely valuable as a diagnostic
tool in the pediatric population, but it comes with a
number of distinct challenges as compared to the
imaging of adults. This is because of the following: It
requires dedicated imaging protocols to acquire the
images, there is need for sedation or general
anesthesia for longer procedures such as MRI,
specific training is required for the healthcare
personnel involved, thorough knowledge and
expertise should be applied for evaluating the images,
and most importantly, it requires consideration for
radiation exposure if ionizing radiation is being used.
One of the challenges for clinical care personnel is to
gain the child’s trust and co‑operation before and
throughout the duration of an examination, which can
prove to be difficult in children who may be ill and
have pain. This is important to acquire quality images
and prevent repeat examinations. Even with a quality
examination, the accurate interpretation of images
requires a thorough knowledge of the intricate and
dynamic face of anatomy and specific pathological
presentations in children. The increased radiation
sensitivity of growing organs and children’s longer
expected life spans make them more susceptible to the
harmful effects of radiation. Imaging pediatric
patients in a dedicated pediatric imaging department
with dedicated pediatric CT technologists may result
in greater compliance with pediatric protocols and
significantly reduced patient dose. In order to prevent
the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, As Low As
Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle should be
strictly followed. This article seeks to draw attention
to various challenges of pediatric imaging and the
ways to overcome them.
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 3 | Mar-Apr 2018
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
An Assessment of Problems and Preferences
in Medical Imaging of Pediatric Patients
Tamijeselvan S
Asst. Professor in Radiography, Mother Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute
A Govt. of Puducherry Institution, Puducherry, India
Medical Imaging is extremely valuable as a diagnostic
tool in the pediatric population, but it comes with a
challenges as compared to the
imaging of adults. This is because of the following: It
requires dedicated imaging protocols to acquire the
images, there is need for sedation or general
anesthesia for longer procedures such as MRI,
red for the healthcare
personnel involved, thorough knowledge and
expertise should be applied for evaluating the images,
and most importantly, it requires consideration for
radiation exposure if ionizing radiation is being used.
linical care personnel is to
operation before and
throughout the duration of an examination, which can
prove to be difficult in children who may be ill and
have pain. This is important to acquire quality images
eat examinations. Even with a quality
examination, the accurate interpretation of images
requires a thorough knowledge of the intricate and
dynamic face of anatomy and specific pathological
presentations in children. The increased radiation
growing organs and children’s longer
expected life spans make them more susceptible to the
harmful effects of radiation. Imaging pediatric
patients in a dedicated pediatric imaging department
with dedicated pediatric CT technologists may result
compliance with pediatric protocols and
significantly reduced patient dose. In order to prevent
the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, As Low As
Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle should be
strictly followed. This article seeks to draw attention
o various challenges of pediatric imaging and the
Keywords: Pediatric imaging; pediatric; radiation
protection; radiography;
INTRODUCTION
Radiological investigations have become an integral
part of the healthcare system. This includes
variety of modalities, some of which may involve
exposure to harmful ionizing radiations. Due to the
rapid advances in imaging technology, such as the
introduction of multi‑detector arrays and fast MRI
protocols, both the number and variety of ra
applications are dramatically increasing.[1,2] Using
these imaging modalities is extremely helpful in
supporting routine pediatric care pathways and helps
in initiating appropriate and timely treatment.
However, imaging children poses distinct
to radiology departments. Various efforts need to be
made so as to provide effective and quality pediatric
imaging services. Several unique problems
encountered in providing these services have been
discussed subsequently.[3]
Challenges in Pediatric Imaging
Environment
The most important step in acquiring quality images
in children involves gaining child’s trust and
co‑operation before and throughout the examination.
Children are irritable and wary of strangers and
unfamiliar environments. To
patient experience, the external environment in the
radiology department should be made more
child‑friendly,[4] e.g., the walls can be painted with
Apr 2018 Page: 576
6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 3
Scientific
(IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
and Preferences
f Pediatric Patients
Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute
India
: Pediatric imaging; pediatric; radiation
Radiological investigations have become an integral
part of the healthcare system. This includes use of a
variety of modalities, some of which may involve
exposure to harmful ionizing radiations. Due to the
rapid advances in imaging technology, such as the
detector arrays and fast MRI
protocols, both the number and variety of radiological
applications are dramatically increasing.[1,2] Using
these imaging modalities is extremely helpful in
supporting routine pediatric care pathways and helps
in initiating appropriate and timely treatment.
However, imaging children poses distinct challenges
to radiology departments. Various efforts need to be
made so as to provide effective and quality pediatric
imaging services. Several unique problems
encountered in providing these services have been
tric Imaging
The most important step in acquiring quality images
in children involves gaining child’s trust and
before and throughout the examination.
Children are irritable and wary of strangers and
unfamiliar environments. To encourage improved
patient experience, the external environment in the
radiology department should be made more
friendly,[4] e.g., the walls can be painted with
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 3 | Mar-Apr 2018 Page: 577
colorful characters, and there can be children’s books
or a small aquarium in the waiting room [Figure 1].
Figure 1: The investigation room and the gantry are
colorful. This makes the environment friendly for the
children and helps in receiving their cooperation
Insistence and support from parents is usually helpful.
However, it may be necessary to sedate the child or
use immobilizers [Figure 2] for longer studies such as
MRI. Commonly used sedatives include diazepam,
midazolam, and ketamine. Techniques and equipment
should be employed to minimize the need for sedation
as it has its own harmful effects. Where sedation or
anesthesia is required, there should be dedicated
pediatric specialists and recovery. The needs of
parents should also be understood and addressed
when considering any pediatric service.
Equipment and protocols
Dedicated pediatric imaging department with
dedicated pediatric CT technologists may result in
greater compliance with the pediatric protocols and
significantly reduced patient dose. Facilities suitable
for children ranging from premature infants to
adult‑sized teenagers are required, and these are often
different from those used for adults.[4] Imaging needs
to be child‑focused and specific to the age of the
child. Children must be considered in their own right,
and not as small adults.[4]
There must be standardization of the techniques and
various protocols used. Child‑appropriate protocols
should be documented and adhered to for all the
modalities. Strict adherence to low‑dose protocols
can be challenging, particularly in a high‑volume
radiology department that scans both pediatric and
adult patients.
Training
It must be ensured that only the staff with appropriate
training is deployed and their performance is
reviewed regularly. In reality, there is little incentive
for radiographers to specialize in this area. As a result,
few dedicated pediatric radiographers exist today.
Also, radiologists reporting pediatric cases must have
in‑depth knowledge and expertise. Similar imaging
findings in adult and pediatric cases may not be a
disease in children or may represent some other
disease, as pathologies afflicting children are different
and peculiar than those in adults. Also, the anatomy is
dynamic in children, making normal variants in
children look like pathology. Proper knowledge of
these variants helps avoid making these mistakes. The
pediatric radiologist can offer the appropriate
modality of choice. For example, neonate with
vomiting and obstructive symptoms does not require a
CT scan, as opposed to the adult population.
Quality assurance
Regular audits and quality checks for the equipment
must be ensured for optimum performance and
calibration for pediatric use.
Figure 2: The head immobilizers should be used for
children to avoid motion artifacts and repeat scan
Radiation Protection
Radiation protection and safeguarding are paramount
concerns for this age group. Risk factor for cancer
induction in children is about 10 times higher than in
adults.[5‑7] Also, children have longer life
expectancy; therefore, they have a greater potential
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for manifestation of possible harmful effects of
radiation [Figure 3]. On reviewing the
literature,[8‑10] there is suggestion that CT usage
should be controlled and appropriate, and As Low As
Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle should be
strictly adhered to. Appropriate imaging modality
should be used depending on the clinical indication
(e.g. using USG (ultrasound) instead of CT in a
suspected case of appendicitis). MRI is preferred over
CT for most of the cross‑sectional imaging workup in
children, except for trauma evaluation.
Figure 3: The graph depicts the percentage mortality
excess due to radiation exposure with respect to the
age at which the person is exposed. The younger the
patient, higher is the percentage mortality excess.
Also, it is higher for females as compared to males for
the respective age groups
Various general issues which need to be taken care
while using X‑ray equipment for imaging in children
include the following:
o The generator used in the equipment should have
enough power to allow short exposure times,
should operate at a higher frequency, and should
have large dynamic range of milliamperes and
milliampereseconds levels
o Automatic exposure control (AEC) devices should
be used with caution
o Beam filtration: The introduction of additional
filtration in the X‑ray beam (commonly aluminum
and copper filters) reduces the number of
low‑energy photons and, as a consequence, saves
skin dose for the patients
o Anti‑scatter grid: The anti‑scatter grid in younger
children gives limited improvement in image
quality, as the irradiated volume is small, thus
producing less of scattered radiation. Instead, it
results in increased patient dose. Therefore, it
should be removed. However, older children will
still need the grid • Various protection devices like
gonadal shield, thyroid shield, and breast shield
must be used when appropriate.Proper collimation
must be done. Only the area of interest must be
exposed to radiation
o Proper factors must be used to avoid any repeat
exposures
o To facilitate dose reduction in CT scan, the
following need to be considered:
o Reducing tube voltage reduces the radiation dose
o An additional reduction in tube current further
reduces the radiation dose
o The smaller an individual, the smaller are the
anatomic features; so, higher‑spatial‑resolution
CT scanning is required to visualize structures
with the same precision as in the adult patient.
Therefore, we should consider developing
pediatric CT protocols to reduce the amount of
radiation and obtain images of diagnostic quality.
Various dose reduction protocols include ASIR
from GE Healthcare, SAFIRE from Siemens, and
iDose from Philips Healthcare
o Low‑dose imaging systems should be deployed
using digital detection components, optimized for
pediatric use
o Multi‑phasic studies should be avoided.
Technical Specifics
Conventional Radiography
There are existing policy guidelines regarding
acceptable quality diagnostic radiography in the
pediatric population which are set to ensure the triple
objective of producing adequate and uniformly
acceptable image, providing accurate radiological
interpretation of the image, and using a reasonably
low radiation dose per radiograph. To fulfill this triple
objective, there are certain general recommendations
which are as follows:
o Use of computed or digital radiography is
recommended, so that exposure factors can be
optimized and repeats are avoided
o Use of films of high contrast and capable of
yielding high‑resolution images
o Use of low absorption cassette or image plates and
table‑tops
o Exposure parameters should be stringent
o Adequate positioning, centering of beam,
collimation, and restraining methods
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o Proper collimation devices with fine focus
techniques to reduce the radiation dose without
loss of detail
o Where possible, minimal projections must be used
to visualize the area of interest
Ultrasound
Pediatric USG is relatively safe with no risks of
radiation, cheap, and readily available. USG may be
repeated over and over again for follow‑up studies,
without any significant risks. Special pediatric probes
should be used which are usually smaller in size and
have adjustable higher frequencies to cope with
various depths and patientneeds.
Figure 4: The gel warmers should be used in cold
environment to avoid unpleasant sensation
The practice of warming the gel and towels is often
desirable, which makes the process comfortable for
the child [Figure 4]. Special care and aseptic
procedures must be maintained to prevent the risk of
infection to infants.
Computed tomography
The most important concern with the use of CT is
about the radiation exposure. Various modifications in
equipment design are recommended for optimization
of scan parameters, which include:
o Reduction in the rotation time (0.4‑0.5 s or less)
o Reduced detector coverage commensurate to body
size
o Reduced field of view
o Reduced kilovolts
o Use of smart milliamperes/auto milliampere
options.
The use of CT angiography also has several
challenges in children. To perform successful
angiography in children, factors like reduced contrast
volume, injection rates, timing of scans, radiation
dose minimization, and breath‑holding abilities must
be considered.
Adequate insulation of child from the room
temperature (usually 18‑22°C) using blankets or
warmers is also a must, especially in neonates who are
vulnerable to develop hypothermia.
Magnetic resonance imaging
The major challenge in MRI is the need for sedation
or general anesthesia in younger children.[11]
Secondly, the relatively smaller anatomic structures in
children create a challenge in terms of available signal
and image resolution. So, higher signal‑to‑noise ratio
is needed, which can be achieved using pediatric
specific coils, high field strengths and by optimizing
the field of view and slice thickness.
Various physiological factors also come into play
while acquiring MR scan.[11] The rate of acquisition
of images and contrast injection rates may be
influenced by physiological changes in heart rate,
breathing, and blood flow rates. All contrast studies
should be power injected. Children may also find it
difficult to hold their breaths and this may introduce
artifacts during the image acquisition process.
Acquisition of images using respiratory gating is
helpful in such situations.[12]
Antenatal MRI is excellent for further evaluation of
congenital anomalies detected on USG, but contrast
agent is not administered to the pregnant mother.
Antenatal MRI is best avoided in the first trimester.
Certain safety issues specific to children are also
associated with MRI.[11] There is higher risk of
radiofrequency heating effects due to poorly
developed thermoregulatory mechanisms in children,
high basal temperatures, and relatively higher surface
area to weight ratio.[13] MR contrast agent should be
avoided if possible, especially in children less than 2
years.
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Clinical Applications
Pediatric brain
USG is the preferred screening modality for infants as
it is safe, cheap, easily available, and can be
performed bedside. In some cases, cross‑sectional
imaging may be required for further evaluation. Also,
in older children, USG is no longer useful once the
frontals are closed and would require other
cross‑sectional modalities like CT or MRI. MRI is the
preferred cross‑sectional modality in pediatric
population. Structural and functional MR techniques
are invaluable in investigating brain tissue anatomy
and development.[14] CT is essentially reserved for
trauma evaluation. For patients with
ventriculo‑peritoneal shunts, who require frequent
imaging, the CT head is performed as per the “shunt
protocol” which effectively is a very low‑dose scan to
provide the answers on issues like change in ventricle
size and shunt catheter location. All other
neurological indications are served by MRI (e.g.
seizures, developmental delay, hypotonia, etc.).
Pediatric chest
Most common imaging technique employed for
evaluation of chest is the radiograph. The challenges
in acquiring radiographs include difficulty in
achieving inspiration and likelihood of motional blur,
wide range of tissue densities, and the need to
minimize radiation dose.
Helical CT scans can produce remarkable information
of the thoracic bony cage as well as vascular and
pulmonary architecture simultaneously. To get the
best images, one should allow short acquisition times,
reduce motion artifacts, and allow dynamic contrast
studies when needed.
MRI has the ability to clearly distinguish between
mediastinal fat, blood vessels, and soft tissues.
Cardiac anomalies, mediastinal masses, and chest wall
lesions can be delineated with MRI. With the advent
of newer MR imaging applications, functional lung
imaging is now possible. One technique of functional
MR imaging is fast MR imaging of the airway.
Although experience is preliminary, dynamic airway
abnormalities such as tracheobronchomalacia can be
revealed noninvasively.[15]
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography
(PET/CT) studies appear to be increasingly useful in
lymphoma imaging in children.[16]
Pediatric abdomen
The plain abdominal radiograph allows initial
assessment of a disease process. A specific
methodology should be used to study the radiograph,
so as make accurate diagnosis or to suggest the next
useful imaging modality of choice. The neonatal
gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction workup heavily relies
on plain radiographs and fluoroscopic studies such an
upper GI or contrast enema. Fluoroscopic studies
should be performed with the pediatric settings, i.e.
intermittent fluoroscopy mode instead of continuous,
low frame rate, with appropriate collimation.
Fluoroscopy is also used for intussusception
reduction. USG is both safe and reliable to assess
intra‑abdominal organs.
Initial assessment of the liver, spleen, and kidneys is
best performed with USG. It helps in determining the
origin and extension of an abdominal mass. It is
useful in differentiating medical from obstructive
jaundice and in the initial suggestion of biliary atresia.
In suspected cases of intestinal obstruction, USG
helps in confirming the diagnosis and may also help
in identifying the cause, e.g. intussusception. In cases
of intussusception, it also helps in guiding hydro
reduction. USG helps in diagnosing other GI
conditions like appendicitis and genitourinary
conditions like ovarian torsion and hemorrhagic cyst
with high specificity.
CT has its use in the determination of injuries to
organs following trauma or perforated viscus. The use
of spiral CT techniques encourages better evaluation
for acquired vascular abnormalities, vascular masses,
and pre‑operative evaluation of tumors.
The advances in MR techniques have significantly
altered the investigation of abdominal and pelvic
disease in children.[17] MRI helps in visualization of
the biliary tract, pancreas, as well as intra‑ and
extra‑luminal bowel disease. MR urography is
especially useful for anatomical and functional
assessment of the urinary system.[18]
Pediatric skeleton
The imaging of skeletal structures typically starts with
plain film radiography. Radiography plays an
important role in detection and categorization of
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skeletal dysplasia. Diagnosis of bone tumors is also
made on the plain radiograph. Additional modalities
include MRI, which is usually used to stage the
disease and for follow‑up. The radionuclide bone
scan using Tc‑99m labelleddiphosphonates is one of
the most commonly performed pediatric nuclear
medicine procedures. Bone scintigraphy is used for
diagnosis of bone and soft‑tissue infection and can
aid in the diagnosis of occult trauma without
radiographic findings. There is a complimentary role
for bone scintigraphy in the assessment of a child with
suspected non‑accidental injury. The use of bone scan
in a child with unexplained bone pain or limp may
provide a diagnosis that could be related to trauma,
tumor, or inflammation. A negative bone scan can
help relieve concern for significant pathology. Bone
scans in children require careful attention to technique
to obtain high‑quality diagnostic images.
Conclusion
For proper utilization of imaging techniques in the
pediatric population, it is important to address each
step in the image‑formation chain which includes:
Image acquisition, image processing for display, and
image review and assessment. The general guidelines
for pediatric imaging departments would, therefore,
include the following:
o Child should be at the center of all the decisions
made
o There must be clinical justification for requesting
any imaging investigation. The clinical benefits
should outweigh any potential risk associated with
the modality
o When possible, imaging evaluation of children
should be performed in dedicated institutions
o The protocols for each modality must be specific
and tailored to meet individual patient situations
o Radiation protection services must be available
o Optimization principles such as ALARA should
be applied
o Specially trained radiographers, radiologists, and
assisting staff should be available.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
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