It is something about fibers which is used in many valuable things

1. Presentation on : Fiber & its classification
Subject: Pharmacognosy-I
Prepared by: AMMAR YAHYA
Roll No: 30

2. Fiber
 Definition:
 In food, fiber is the part of fruits, vegetables, legumes and
whole grains that cannot be digested. The fiber in food
may help prevent cancer.
 In the body, fiber refers to tissue made of long thread like
cells, such as muscles fibers or nerve fibers.

3. Classification:
 Vegetable origin – cotton, cellulose (Rayon)
 Animal origin – wool, silk
 Synthetic origin – nylon

4. 1- vegetable Fibers
 The main chemical component of vegetable fibers is
cellulose, so vegetables fibers are also called cellulosic
fibers.
 Vegetable fibers are plant origin, so they are also called
plant fibers.
Examples:
 Cotton, Hemp, Jute, & Banana.

5. Cotton Fiber:
 Cotton fiber is made up of hundreds of thousands of
cellulose molecules.
 Cotton is the vegetable fiber that surrounds the cotton
plant’s seeds.
 Cotton has been grown in some form for over 5000 years.
 Cotton is a member of the “GOSSYPIUM” family of
plants.
 Cotton is the world’s most widely used natural fiber and
the undisputed king of global textile’s industry.

7. Uses:
 It is used in wide range of wearing products such as shirts,
dresses, suits, pants, jackets e.t.c.
 Cotton is also used as swabs, puffs, filter papers, wipes,
for home decoration like curtains, sheets, table clothes,
table mats and house furnishings.

8. 2- Animal Fibers
 Animal fibers are the natural fibers that can be sourced
to animals. These fibers are usually made up of different
kinds of proteins.
 Example:
 Wool and silk

9. wool
•Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and some other
mammals, especially goats and rabbits.

10. Uses:
 Wool is used to make woolen yarns. These woolen yarns
are used to create gloves, hates, and sweaters.
 Wool is used to make variety of garments, including
expensive suits.
 Blankets are made up of wool.

11. expensive coats
blanket

12. 3- Synthetic Fibers
 “man-made fibers, most of them are prepared from raw
material petroleum called petrochemicals”.
 They consist of a small unit or a polymer which is made
up of many repeating units called monomers.
 Other names of synthetic fibers are man-made fibers or
artificial fibers.
 Example:
 Nylon fiber

13. Nylon fiber
 Nylon is a generic name for a family of synthetic fibers
composed of polymers of polyamides.
 Nylon is a silk-like thermoplastic, generally made from
petroleum, that can be melt-processed into fibers, films
or other shapes.
 Melting point of nylon is 190-350 ◦C.

14. Nylon fibers

15. Uses:
 Nylon is used to make shits, foundation garments,
raincoats, swimwear and cycle wear.
 In industry it is used to make seat belts, ropes, nets and
tents.
 It is used to make fish nets.