This document provides a summary of key events in America between 1763 and 1787, from the end of the French and Indian War through the drafting of the US Constitution. It describes the growing unrest and revolutionary spirit in the colonies as the British imposed new taxes. Key figures like Samuel Adams and Thomas Paine advocated independence. The Declaration of Independence was adopted in 1776 and the Revolutionary War began. Though the Continental Army struggled early on, victories at Saratoga, Cowpens, and Yorktown helped secure independence. However, the weak Articles of Confederation proved problematic, leading to the Constitutional Convention and the drafting of a new framework for national government.
The document provides an overview of the American Revolution from British colonial rule to the establishment of independence. It describes how the British levied taxes on American colonists without representation, leading to protests and resistance. Key events included the Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, battles of Lexington and Concord, and the first and second Continental Congresses. The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776. Though the early war favored Britain, foreign aid and key American victories at Saratoga and Yorktown helped achieve independence.
The American colonies leading up to the American Revolution were largely rural with few large cities. Main roads connected port towns and important places in New England. After the Boston Tea Party, the British sent more troops to enforce new laws, leading colonial militias to prepare for war. The Revolutionary War began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775, where American militiamen fought British troops. This led the Second Continental Congress to form the Continental Army under George Washington.
The document provides context around key events and developments in the American Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1781. It describes how the Second Continental Congress met in 1775 and drafted appeals to Britain while also raising an army and navy. It then discusses several major battles such as Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and Yorktown, as well as the roles of key figures like Washington, Burgoyne, Cornwallis, and the Marquis de Lafayette. France's entry into the war in 1778 as an American ally helped tip the balance against Britain, leading to the British surrender at Yorktown in 1781 and the start of peace negotiations.
The document summarizes key events in the American fight for independence from 1775 to 1778. It describes early battles between American colonists and British troops, including Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. It also discusses the British leaving Boston in 1776, key American victories at Trenton, Princeton, and Saratoga in 1777, and France formally entering the war as an American ally in 1778 after the Continental Congress declared independence. The victories helped boost American morale and marked important turning points that weakened the British hold on the colonies.
The document summarizes key events leading up to the American Revolution, including the French and Indian War, tensions that arose between Britain and its American colonies, and British policies that angered the colonists, such as new taxes. The French and Indian War weakened colonial loyalty to Britain and left the colonists feeling Britain did not respect them. This led Britain to impose taxes on the colonies through acts like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. Colonists protested, leading to the Intolerable Acts targeting Massachusetts in response to the Boston Tea Party. Overall, the document outlines the growing conflicts between Britain and its American colonies in the late 18th century that ultimately led to the Revolutionary War.
The document provides background on key events leading up to the American Revolution. It describes Patriots who wanted independence from Britain and Loyalists who wanted to remain under British rule. It outlines several important colonial meetings including the Virginia Conventions and the First Continental Congress. Key battles are discussed such as Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and Saratoga. Critical documents supporting independence are also summarized, including Thomas Paine's "Common Sense," the Declaration of Independence, and the Treaty of Paris that ended the Revolutionary War.
This document provides brief biographies of several key leaders from the Revolutionary War period, including:
- Friedrich von Steuben, a Prussian officer who trained Washington's troops at Valley Forge.
- George Rogers Clark, who led attacks in the Northwest Territory and won important battles.
- Marquis de Lafayette, a French aristocrat who became a general and convinced France to aid the Americans.
- Francis Marion, who used guerilla tactics to win battles in South Carolina.
- Benedict Arnold, an American leader who later became infamous for attempting to betray West Point to the British.
- George Washington, the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army who led the
Between 1776 and 1786:
- Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" helped bring more people to the Patriot cause of independence. The Declaration of Independence was approved in 1776.
- The British were defeated at the Battles of Trenton and Princeton in 1777, boosting American morale. However, the British captured Philadelphia later that year.
- The turning point came in 1777 with the American victory over British General Burgoyne at Saratoga. This led France to form an alliance with the United States against Britain in 1778.
- With French support, the Americans and French jointly defeated British forces at Yorktown in 1781, forcing Britain to negotiate an end to the
The document provides an overview of the American Revolution from British colonial rule to the establishment of independence. It describes how the British levied taxes on American colonists without representation, leading to protests and resistance. Key events included the Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, battles of Lexington and Concord, and the first and second Continental Congresses. The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776. Though the early war favored Britain, foreign aid and key American victories at Saratoga and Yorktown helped achieve independence.
The American colonies leading up to the American Revolution were largely rural with few large cities. Main roads connected port towns and important places in New England. After the Boston Tea Party, the British sent more troops to enforce new laws, leading colonial militias to prepare for war. The Revolutionary War began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in 1775, where American militiamen fought British troops. This led the Second Continental Congress to form the Continental Army under George Washington.
The document provides context around key events and developments in the American Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1781. It describes how the Second Continental Congress met in 1775 and drafted appeals to Britain while also raising an army and navy. It then discusses several major battles such as Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and Yorktown, as well as the roles of key figures like Washington, Burgoyne, Cornwallis, and the Marquis de Lafayette. France's entry into the war in 1778 as an American ally helped tip the balance against Britain, leading to the British surrender at Yorktown in 1781 and the start of peace negotiations.
The document summarizes key events in the American fight for independence from 1775 to 1778. It describes early battles between American colonists and British troops, including Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. It also discusses the British leaving Boston in 1776, key American victories at Trenton, Princeton, and Saratoga in 1777, and France formally entering the war as an American ally in 1778 after the Continental Congress declared independence. The victories helped boost American morale and marked important turning points that weakened the British hold on the colonies.
The document summarizes key events leading up to the American Revolution, including the French and Indian War, tensions that arose between Britain and its American colonies, and British policies that angered the colonists, such as new taxes. The French and Indian War weakened colonial loyalty to Britain and left the colonists feeling Britain did not respect them. This led Britain to impose taxes on the colonies through acts like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. Colonists protested, leading to the Intolerable Acts targeting Massachusetts in response to the Boston Tea Party. Overall, the document outlines the growing conflicts between Britain and its American colonies in the late 18th century that ultimately led to the Revolutionary War.
The document provides background on key events leading up to the American Revolution. It describes Patriots who wanted independence from Britain and Loyalists who wanted to remain under British rule. It outlines several important colonial meetings including the Virginia Conventions and the First Continental Congress. Key battles are discussed such as Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and Saratoga. Critical documents supporting independence are also summarized, including Thomas Paine's "Common Sense," the Declaration of Independence, and the Treaty of Paris that ended the Revolutionary War.
This document provides brief biographies of several key leaders from the Revolutionary War period, including:
- Friedrich von Steuben, a Prussian officer who trained Washington's troops at Valley Forge.
- George Rogers Clark, who led attacks in the Northwest Territory and won important battles.
- Marquis de Lafayette, a French aristocrat who became a general and convinced France to aid the Americans.
- Francis Marion, who used guerilla tactics to win battles in South Carolina.
- Benedict Arnold, an American leader who later became infamous for attempting to betray West Point to the British.
- George Washington, the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army who led the
Between 1776 and 1786:
- Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" helped bring more people to the Patriot cause of independence. The Declaration of Independence was approved in 1776.
- The British were defeated at the Battles of Trenton and Princeton in 1777, boosting American morale. However, the British captured Philadelphia later that year.
- The turning point came in 1777 with the American victory over British General Burgoyne at Saratoga. This led France to form an alliance with the United States against Britain in 1778.
- With French support, the Americans and French jointly defeated British forces at Yorktown in 1781, forcing Britain to negotiate an end to the
The document provides a detailed overview of American history from pre-colonial times to the present. It covers major periods and events including the arrival of indigenous peoples, European exploration and colonization, the American Revolution, formation of the US government, westward expansion, the Civil War, World Wars I and II, the Cold War, Civil Rights movement, 9/11 terrorist attacks, and recent presidencies. Key people and developments that shaped the country are discussed within the broader context of the economic, political, and social transformations of each historical period.
The document provides an overview of key events and individuals during the American Revolutionary War between 1775-1783. It summarizes that King George III of England wanted to punish the colonists rather than seek peace, and that the colonists were divided in their support, with about 1/3 supporting independence, 1/3 remaining loyal to Britain, and 1/3 neutral. It then discusses several major battles including Bunker Hill, the British capture of New York in 1776, and Washington's crossing of the Delaware River and victory at Trenton. It notes the key influence of John Locke's political philosophy and Thomas Paine, and the adoption of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. The failed British Albany Plan of
The document summarizes key events and battles of the American Revolutionary War, including initial fighting in New England, the Second Continental Congress sending the Olive Branch Petition, the Battle of Bunker Hill, the publication of Common Sense, the Declaration of Independence, key victories at Trenton and Princeton, the Battle of Saratoga which was a turning point with France joining as an ally, struggles in the southern colonies, and the final victory at Yorktown with the British surrender. Key figures discussed include Ethan Allen, George Washington, Thomas Paine, and Charles Cornwallis.
How the Americas Change: The Long 19th Centurysusiehiner
The document summarizes key events in the history of the Americas during the 19th century. It discusses how native peoples were conquered or forced to assimilate as new governments formed. It also describes population growth through European and Asian immigration to North America, which led to western expansion and war with Mexico. Finally, it outlines several important battles between European powers and in the American Civil War, including Antietam, which resulted in the highest single-day loss of life in American history.
The 19th century Americas saw significant changes driven by westward expansion, the Civil War over slavery, and economic growth through cotton trade. The Battle of Antietam in 1862 marked a turning point as the bloodiest single-day battle that led Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing slaves and shaping the nation's future around equality. However, the Union general McClellan failed to fully pursue victories, prolonging the war.
The document provides an overview of the Gilded Age in United States history from the 1870s to 1900. It describes how the era got its name, as the country experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth alongside high levels of poverty and corruption. Key aspects of the Gilded Age discussed include the rise of large industrialists, growing inequality between the wealthy and poor, immigration and urbanization, political machines that controlled local politics, and suffering among groups like Native Americans, African Americans, farmers, and women.
This document provides a detailed overview of key events that occurred between 1776 and 1786 during the American Revolutionary War and early years of the United States. It describes Thomas Paine's influential pamphlet "Common Sense" that helped move many to support independence. It then outlines major battles like Trenton, Saratoga and Yorktown, diplomatic efforts with France, difficulties with finances and supplies, and eventual British recognition of American independence with the 1783 Treaty of Paris. It concludes by discussing early attempts to strengthen the national government under the Articles of Confederation and calls for the 1787 Philadelphia Convention.
US CH 18 S 3_4 Imperialism_Theodore Rooseveltservingdlord
The document discusses US expansion and imperialism between 1898-1920. It provides details on:
1) The US acquiring colonies like Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines from Spain in the Treaty of Paris after the Spanish-American War in 1898, making the US an imperial power.
2) The US implementing policies like the Platt Amendment to make Cuba a protectorate and the Foraker Act to make Puerto Rico an unincorporated territory.
3) The US pursuing various economic and political strategies in Latin America and Asia like the Open Door Policy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy to expand its influence and promote its commercial interests during this period.
The document summarizes key events related to American imperialism from the late 1800s to early 1900s. It discusses concepts like Manifest Destiny, Anglo-Saxonism, and Social Darwinism that promoted the idea of American expansion. It then outlines America's increasing overseas influence through events like the opening of Japan by Commodore Perry, the purchase of Alaska, and the annexation of Hawaii. The document also summarizes the Spanish-American War, including the sinking of the USS Maine and America's victories over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines. The consequences of the war, including American control over territories and the Platt Amendment, established the US as a new imperial power.
"Death, Hell, or Canada": Dryden and the War of 1812Simon St.Laurent
The document summarizes the Battle of Queenston Heights during the War of 1812, which took place along the Niagara River between American and British/Canadian forces. It describes how American troops, including a company from Dryden, New York, crossed the river in boats under fire and established a beachhead, scaled the cliffs, and took the British redan fort at Queenston Heights. However, the timely arrival of British commander Isaac Brock turned the tide, and though he was killed in the battle, the British were able to retake the heights and the village of Queenston in chaotic fighting, resulting in an eventual but unsteady American victory.
General Custer and 268 of his troops were killed at the Battle of Little Bighorn in 1876 in a major defeat by Native American forces led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. Westward expansion in the 19th century was driven by gold miners, farmers, Chinese laborers, and European immigrants. The development of the West was also impacted by several key laws and events, including the Homestead Act of 1862 which gave settlers land, the Transcontinental Railroad which connected the country, and the invention of barbed wire which enabled the enclosure of open ranges.
World War I began in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The major causes included imperialism, nationalism, militarism, and a system of alliances that divided Europe into two opposing sides. The war resulted in trench warfare and new military technologies. The U.S. initially remained neutral but entered the war in 1917 after German submarine attacks and the Zimmermann Telegram. After mobilizing over 4 million troops, American involvement helped the Allies defeat Germany in 1918. The Treaty of Versailles held Germany responsible for the war but its terms sowed resentment and instability in Europe.
The document provides background information on early colonial America, including:
1) The founding and struggles of the first English colony at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607, including the "starving times" where many colonists died.
2) How tobacco became a profitable cash crop in Virginia and shaped its economy and society, leading to the use of indentured servants and later slaves.
3) The founding and development of other English colonies including Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia in the 1600s-1700s.
4) Conflicts between colonists and Native Americans over land, including Bacon's Rebellion in 1676.
5) The emergence of slavery as the labor system of the
The document provides background information on the events leading up to America's entry into World War II. It discusses the aftermath of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles which led to resentment in Germany. It outlines Italy's invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 and the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939. It also discusses America's policy of neutrality in the 1930s as well as Japan's expansionism. Key events covered include Germany's rearmament under Hitler, the Munich Agreement of 1938, and Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of WWII. The document concludes with an overview of key events in Europe and North Africa from 1939-1945.
The document discusses America's emergence as an imperial power between 1890-1920. It outlines three factors that fueled American imperialism: the desire for military strength, the thirst for new markets, and the belief in cultural superiority. Key events discussed include the Spanish-American War, which resulted in America gaining colonies like Puerto Rico and the Philippines, as well as playing a larger role in Latin America and establishing policies like the Roosevelt Corollary and Dollar Diplomacy. The construction of the Panama Canal further extended America's global economic and military reach during this time period.
American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th century was driven by four main factors:
1) Business interests seeking new markets and raw materials as industrial capacity grew.
2) A belief in social Darwinism and the white man's burden to civilize other races.
3) The closing of the American frontier increasing the focus outward.
4) Growing military and strategic interests to secure new naval bases and protect business investments abroad.
This led the U.S. to aggressively expand its influence and territory through wars in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as well as political and economic dominance in Latin America and Asia through the early 1900s.
The American Revolution was a war between the 13 American colonies and Great Britain from 1775 to 1783. The war began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts in April 1775 over British attempts to seize colonial arms caches. A major battle was the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775 where the British suffered major casualties. The war ended with the British surrendering at Yorktown in 1781, and the Treaty of Paris in 1783 recognizing American independence.
The document summarizes key events and battles of the American Revolutionary War, including:
1) Washington's army was defeated in multiple battles in New York but managed to surprise and capture 900 Hessian soldiers in Trenton on Christmas night 1777, providing a much-needed victory.
2) The battle of Saratoga in 1777 resulted in General Burgoyne's surrender, prompting France to enter the war on the side of the Americans.
3) The winter of 1777-78 saw Washington's desperate army training at Valley Forge, suffering from disease and lack of supplies but emerging as a stronger force.
4) The British were defeated at Yorktown in 1781 after the French
The document provides an overview of America and its involvement in World War I, including:
1) Before entry, many Americans volunteered to serve in European militaries or with organizations like the Red Cross, while the US economically benefited from trade with the Allies.
2) Key factors leading to US entry included attacks on American ships, the sinking of the Lusitania, renewed German submarine warfare, and the Zimmerman Telegram.
3) After declaring war in 1917, the US military rapidly expanded through conscription and volunteers, the economy was transformed to support the war effort, and American troops arrived in Europe in 1918 helping ensure an Allied victory.
The document discusses several aspects of Barbados, including:
- The main languages spoken are English and Bajan, and Bajans do not use past tense when speaking.
- Popular foods include macaroni pie, Bajan coconut bread, and flying fish.
- Music such as calypso, spouge, and contemporary folk are popular, and Rihanna is Barbados' most famous singer.
- The country exports sugar, molasses, and manufactured goods and imports food, construction materials, and fuel.
Before there was carolina there was barbadoscapesociology
The early settlers of Carolina came from Barbados. Barbados was initially settled in the 1600s by the English, who established large sugar plantations that were worked by enslaved Africans. Many settlers and the plantation system were later transported from Barbados to Carolina. Place names, political systems like the parish divisions, and crops like sugar cane that were important in Barbados were also established in Carolina by these early settlers. The connections between the settlements of Barbados and Carolina shaped them both culturally and economically in their early years.
The document provides a detailed overview of American history from pre-colonial times to the present. It covers major periods and events including the arrival of indigenous peoples, European exploration and colonization, the American Revolution, formation of the US government, westward expansion, the Civil War, World Wars I and II, the Cold War, Civil Rights movement, 9/11 terrorist attacks, and recent presidencies. Key people and developments that shaped the country are discussed within the broader context of the economic, political, and social transformations of each historical period.
The document provides an overview of key events and individuals during the American Revolutionary War between 1775-1783. It summarizes that King George III of England wanted to punish the colonists rather than seek peace, and that the colonists were divided in their support, with about 1/3 supporting independence, 1/3 remaining loyal to Britain, and 1/3 neutral. It then discusses several major battles including Bunker Hill, the British capture of New York in 1776, and Washington's crossing of the Delaware River and victory at Trenton. It notes the key influence of John Locke's political philosophy and Thomas Paine, and the adoption of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. The failed British Albany Plan of
The document summarizes key events and battles of the American Revolutionary War, including initial fighting in New England, the Second Continental Congress sending the Olive Branch Petition, the Battle of Bunker Hill, the publication of Common Sense, the Declaration of Independence, key victories at Trenton and Princeton, the Battle of Saratoga which was a turning point with France joining as an ally, struggles in the southern colonies, and the final victory at Yorktown with the British surrender. Key figures discussed include Ethan Allen, George Washington, Thomas Paine, and Charles Cornwallis.
How the Americas Change: The Long 19th Centurysusiehiner
The document summarizes key events in the history of the Americas during the 19th century. It discusses how native peoples were conquered or forced to assimilate as new governments formed. It also describes population growth through European and Asian immigration to North America, which led to western expansion and war with Mexico. Finally, it outlines several important battles between European powers and in the American Civil War, including Antietam, which resulted in the highest single-day loss of life in American history.
The 19th century Americas saw significant changes driven by westward expansion, the Civil War over slavery, and economic growth through cotton trade. The Battle of Antietam in 1862 marked a turning point as the bloodiest single-day battle that led Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing slaves and shaping the nation's future around equality. However, the Union general McClellan failed to fully pursue victories, prolonging the war.
The document provides an overview of the Gilded Age in United States history from the 1870s to 1900. It describes how the era got its name, as the country experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth alongside high levels of poverty and corruption. Key aspects of the Gilded Age discussed include the rise of large industrialists, growing inequality between the wealthy and poor, immigration and urbanization, political machines that controlled local politics, and suffering among groups like Native Americans, African Americans, farmers, and women.
This document provides a detailed overview of key events that occurred between 1776 and 1786 during the American Revolutionary War and early years of the United States. It describes Thomas Paine's influential pamphlet "Common Sense" that helped move many to support independence. It then outlines major battles like Trenton, Saratoga and Yorktown, diplomatic efforts with France, difficulties with finances and supplies, and eventual British recognition of American independence with the 1783 Treaty of Paris. It concludes by discussing early attempts to strengthen the national government under the Articles of Confederation and calls for the 1787 Philadelphia Convention.
US CH 18 S 3_4 Imperialism_Theodore Rooseveltservingdlord
The document discusses US expansion and imperialism between 1898-1920. It provides details on:
1) The US acquiring colonies like Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines from Spain in the Treaty of Paris after the Spanish-American War in 1898, making the US an imperial power.
2) The US implementing policies like the Platt Amendment to make Cuba a protectorate and the Foraker Act to make Puerto Rico an unincorporated territory.
3) The US pursuing various economic and political strategies in Latin America and Asia like the Open Door Policy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy to expand its influence and promote its commercial interests during this period.
The document summarizes key events related to American imperialism from the late 1800s to early 1900s. It discusses concepts like Manifest Destiny, Anglo-Saxonism, and Social Darwinism that promoted the idea of American expansion. It then outlines America's increasing overseas influence through events like the opening of Japan by Commodore Perry, the purchase of Alaska, and the annexation of Hawaii. The document also summarizes the Spanish-American War, including the sinking of the USS Maine and America's victories over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines. The consequences of the war, including American control over territories and the Platt Amendment, established the US as a new imperial power.
"Death, Hell, or Canada": Dryden and the War of 1812Simon St.Laurent
The document summarizes the Battle of Queenston Heights during the War of 1812, which took place along the Niagara River between American and British/Canadian forces. It describes how American troops, including a company from Dryden, New York, crossed the river in boats under fire and established a beachhead, scaled the cliffs, and took the British redan fort at Queenston Heights. However, the timely arrival of British commander Isaac Brock turned the tide, and though he was killed in the battle, the British were able to retake the heights and the village of Queenston in chaotic fighting, resulting in an eventual but unsteady American victory.
General Custer and 268 of his troops were killed at the Battle of Little Bighorn in 1876 in a major defeat by Native American forces led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. Westward expansion in the 19th century was driven by gold miners, farmers, Chinese laborers, and European immigrants. The development of the West was also impacted by several key laws and events, including the Homestead Act of 1862 which gave settlers land, the Transcontinental Railroad which connected the country, and the invention of barbed wire which enabled the enclosure of open ranges.
World War I began in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The major causes included imperialism, nationalism, militarism, and a system of alliances that divided Europe into two opposing sides. The war resulted in trench warfare and new military technologies. The U.S. initially remained neutral but entered the war in 1917 after German submarine attacks and the Zimmermann Telegram. After mobilizing over 4 million troops, American involvement helped the Allies defeat Germany in 1918. The Treaty of Versailles held Germany responsible for the war but its terms sowed resentment and instability in Europe.
The document provides background information on early colonial America, including:
1) The founding and struggles of the first English colony at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607, including the "starving times" where many colonists died.
2) How tobacco became a profitable cash crop in Virginia and shaped its economy and society, leading to the use of indentured servants and later slaves.
3) The founding and development of other English colonies including Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia in the 1600s-1700s.
4) Conflicts between colonists and Native Americans over land, including Bacon's Rebellion in 1676.
5) The emergence of slavery as the labor system of the
The document provides background information on the events leading up to America's entry into World War II. It discusses the aftermath of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles which led to resentment in Germany. It outlines Italy's invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 and the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939. It also discusses America's policy of neutrality in the 1930s as well as Japan's expansionism. Key events covered include Germany's rearmament under Hitler, the Munich Agreement of 1938, and Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of WWII. The document concludes with an overview of key events in Europe and North Africa from 1939-1945.
The document discusses America's emergence as an imperial power between 1890-1920. It outlines three factors that fueled American imperialism: the desire for military strength, the thirst for new markets, and the belief in cultural superiority. Key events discussed include the Spanish-American War, which resulted in America gaining colonies like Puerto Rico and the Philippines, as well as playing a larger role in Latin America and establishing policies like the Roosevelt Corollary and Dollar Diplomacy. The construction of the Panama Canal further extended America's global economic and military reach during this time period.
American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th century was driven by four main factors:
1) Business interests seeking new markets and raw materials as industrial capacity grew.
2) A belief in social Darwinism and the white man's burden to civilize other races.
3) The closing of the American frontier increasing the focus outward.
4) Growing military and strategic interests to secure new naval bases and protect business investments abroad.
This led the U.S. to aggressively expand its influence and territory through wars in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as well as political and economic dominance in Latin America and Asia through the early 1900s.
The American Revolution was a war between the 13 American colonies and Great Britain from 1775 to 1783. The war began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts in April 1775 over British attempts to seize colonial arms caches. A major battle was the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775 where the British suffered major casualties. The war ended with the British surrendering at Yorktown in 1781, and the Treaty of Paris in 1783 recognizing American independence.
The document summarizes key events and battles of the American Revolutionary War, including:
1) Washington's army was defeated in multiple battles in New York but managed to surprise and capture 900 Hessian soldiers in Trenton on Christmas night 1777, providing a much-needed victory.
2) The battle of Saratoga in 1777 resulted in General Burgoyne's surrender, prompting France to enter the war on the side of the Americans.
3) The winter of 1777-78 saw Washington's desperate army training at Valley Forge, suffering from disease and lack of supplies but emerging as a stronger force.
4) The British were defeated at Yorktown in 1781 after the French
The document provides an overview of America and its involvement in World War I, including:
1) Before entry, many Americans volunteered to serve in European militaries or with organizations like the Red Cross, while the US economically benefited from trade with the Allies.
2) Key factors leading to US entry included attacks on American ships, the sinking of the Lusitania, renewed German submarine warfare, and the Zimmerman Telegram.
3) After declaring war in 1917, the US military rapidly expanded through conscription and volunteers, the economy was transformed to support the war effort, and American troops arrived in Europe in 1918 helping ensure an Allied victory.
The document discusses several aspects of Barbados, including:
- The main languages spoken are English and Bajan, and Bajans do not use past tense when speaking.
- Popular foods include macaroni pie, Bajan coconut bread, and flying fish.
- Music such as calypso, spouge, and contemporary folk are popular, and Rihanna is Barbados' most famous singer.
- The country exports sugar, molasses, and manufactured goods and imports food, construction materials, and fuel.
Before there was carolina there was barbadoscapesociology
The early settlers of Carolina came from Barbados. Barbados was initially settled in the 1600s by the English, who established large sugar plantations that were worked by enslaved Africans. Many settlers and the plantation system were later transported from Barbados to Carolina. Place names, political systems like the parish divisions, and crops like sugar cane that were important in Barbados were also established in Carolina by these early settlers. The connections between the settlements of Barbados and Carolina shaped them both culturally and economically in their early years.
The document provides an overview of Barbados and its economic relations with India. Barbados is an island country with a population of around 287,733. Its economy relies on tourism, sugar, and light manufacturing. Trade between India and Barbados has declined in recent years, with India mainly exporting garments, spices, rice and pharmaceuticals, and importing little from Barbados. Potential areas to increase trade include textiles, solar energy, medical supplies, and project exports in sectors like hospitality, IT, finance, and construction. The Indian diaspora in Barbados includes around 600 Sindhi families and 3,000 Gujarati Muslims involved in business.
Barbados is an island country located in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies. The document provides a brief history of Barbados before and after British colonization, including some typical foods like Mount Gay Rum, Fish Cakes and Flying Fish as well as sports like Cricket, Polo and Road Tennis. It also mentions Barbados' relationship with the Commonwealth.
Este documento presenta un itinerario de un viaje de 14 días a Barbados. Incluye información sobre la descripción del país, lugares para visitar como playas y atracciones como la Cueva de Harrison, un itinerario diario, alojamiento en un hotel en Paynes Bay, detalles sobre el vuelo, un presupuesto y conclusiones sobre la experiencia del viaje.
This document provides information about life in Barbados. It discusses the country's current standard of living, including a life expectancy of 76.4 years and a literacy rate of 99.7%. Several common Bajan sayings and proverbs are listed. Traditional Bajan foods like flying fish and cou cou are described. Popular Bajan music genres like boots and soca are mentioned. The economy is summarized, noting Barbados has few natural resources but tourism is a major industry, attracting Americans to resorts and activities like cave exploring. Sources for the information are cited.
The document provides background information on Barbados. It begins by explaining that Barbados was originally named by Spanish and Portuguese sailors due to the many bearded fig trees on the island. While known to Europeans since the 16th century, it was permanently settled by the English in 1627. Barbados gained independence from Britain in 1966 and joined the Commonwealth. It provides facts about Barbados' government, population, capital, languages, and other details. The document also shares images and poems about Barbados' landscapes, people, and culture.
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The American Revolutionary War began as a result of tensions between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Britain imposed taxes on the colonies to help pay war debts, angering the colonists who believed in "no taxation without representation." Protests and boycotts of British goods escalated, leading to armed conflict at Lexington and Concord in 1775. The Second Continental Congress formed the Continental Army under George Washington. Although the British captured New York, Washington later won key victories at Trenton and Saratoga. France entered the war as an ally of the newly formed United States after their declaration of independence in 1776. The British were eventually defeated at Yorktown in 1781, leading to recognition of American
The American Revolutionary War began as a result of tensions between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Britain imposed taxes on the colonies to help pay war debts, angering colonists who believed in "no taxation without representation." Protests and boycotts of British goods escalated, leading to armed conflict at Lexington and Concord in 1775. The Second Continental Congress formed the Continental Army under George Washington. Although the British captured New York, Washington later won key victories at Trenton and Saratoga. France entered the war as an American ally in 1778 following these successes. The British surrendered at Yorktown in 1781, leading to American independence and the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
The American Revolutionary War began as a result of tensions between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Britain imposed taxes on the colonies to help pay war debts, angering the colonists who believed in "no taxation without representation." Protests and boycotts of British goods escalated, leading to armed conflict at Lexington and Concord in 1775. The Second Continental Congress formed the Continental Army under George Washington. Although the British captured New York, Washington later won key victories at Trenton and Saratoga. France entered the war as an American ally in 1778 following these successes. The British surrendered at Yorktown in 1781, leading to American independence and the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
The Revolutionary War began as tensions rose between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Major events escalating the conflict included the Stamp Act and other taxes passed by Britain to raise revenue from the colonies without colonial consent or representation. Key battles included Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Trenton, Saratoga, and Yorktown, culminating in American victory and independence from Britain as outlined in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
the american revolution 1775 1781 powerpoint for all lessons!christinadoyle89
The document provides background information on the American Revolution. It describes how the Enlightenment ideas of self-rule and British taxation without representation led the colonists to rebel. Key events that increased tensions included the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and the Battles of Lexington and Concord, which marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War. The colonists declared independence in 1776 and formed the United States of America with a constitution that established a democratic federal government with protected rights and liberties.
The American revolutionary war (1775 1783) (II)cati1garcia
The American Revolutionary War began as a result of tensions between the British colonies in America and the British government. The colonists were unhappy with high taxes imposed by Britain without any colonial representation in British government. This led to protests like the Boston Tea Party. In response, Britain passed the Intolerable Acts, further angering the colonists. Open conflict began in 1775 and the Continental Congress assumed leadership of the rebel forces. In 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted, declaring independence from Britain. After several years of fighting, the British surrendered to George Washington's forces at Yorktown in 1781, marking an American victory and the end of the Revolutionary War.
1) The document discusses racial inequality and economic growth in the Americas during the 19th century, including the displacement of Native Americans, expansion of slavery, and mass migration for gold.
2) It then covers events of the Little Ice Age such as crop failures, livestock deaths, and increased disease. Some innovations like the potato and violin emerged from this period.
3) Key topics in the development of the Americas' frontiers included the Louisiana Purchase, scientific expeditions, violence against indigenous groups, and revolutions across South America and France.
1) The document discusses the history of racial inequality, economic growth, and conflicts in North and South America during the 19th century, including the displacement of Native Americans, expansion of slavery, and wars for independence.
2) It then focuses on the American Civil War, including Lincoln's issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation after the bloody Battle of Antietam, which helped turn the tide in the Union's favor and prompted Britain not to intervene.
3) The document provides details on key figures during this period like Abraham Lincoln, General George B. McClellan, and their roles in the Civil War.
The American revolutionary war (1775 1783)cati1garcia
The American Revolutionary War began in 1775 due to growing tensions between the American colonies and Great Britain over taxation and lack of representation. Key events that fueled the growing conflict included the Intolerable Acts passed in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party. The Declaration of Independence was ratified in 1776 declaring the colonies independent states. While the British army was powerful, the colonists used guerrilla tactics and received aid from France and Spain to eventually force Britain's surrender at Yorktown in 1781, recognizing American independence in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
The Revolutionary War began as protests against British taxation without representation and escalated into armed conflict. Key events included the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, battles at Lexington and Concord, the capture of Fort Ticonderoga, and the Declaration of Independence in 1776. The Battle of Saratoga marked a turning point, leading France to ally with the Americans. After later British victories, Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown in 1781. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 recognized American independence. The Articles of Confederation and U.S. Constitution established the nation's framework of government.
This document provides an overview of the American Revolution. It begins with background on the 13 colonies and reasons for their establishment. It then describes each region of colonies - New England, Middle, and Southern - including locations, reasons for settlement, economies, and demographics. The document discusses the French and Indian War and its impact. It outlines several Acts passed by Britain that angered colonists and led to conflict. Key battles and events of the Revolutionary War are summarized. The document also briefly mentions contributions from women and African Americans during the war. It concludes with short biographies of several prominent figures from the Revolutionary period.
The American Revolution occurred between 1775-1783 as the 13 American colonies sought independence from British rule. Key events that ignited the revolution included the Stamp Act, Boston Massacre, Intolerable Acts, and publication of Common Sense. The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. Major battles included Lexington and Concord, Saratoga, winter at Valley Forge, and the Siege of Yorktown, which marked the end of fighting. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 officially ended the war and recognized American independence.
The American Revolutionary War began in 1775 and lasted until 1783, starting as a conflict between the thirteen American colonies and Great Britain. The war was caused by the colonies' rejection of Britain's authority as well as taxation and control of trade. George Washington was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the colonial forces. Though the colonial forces struggled at first, key victories like the Battle of Saratoga turned the tide of the war. France and other European nations also provided support to the Americans. The war culminated in the American victory at Yorktown in 1781 and Britain's recognition of American independence in the 1783 Treaty of Paris. The Revolutionary War established the United States as an independent nation and had long-lasting impacts
Surveys Major events from the Revolutionary War 1776-1783; Discusses relative strengths and weaknesses of the colonies and Great Britain; the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation; Shays Rebellion
The document discusses the events leading up to the American Revolution from the 1700s through the Revolutionary War in the 1770s. It describes how England's debts from the French and Indian War led them to impose taxes on the American colonies through acts like the Stamp Act and Tea Act. Tensions rose and the Boston Tea Party occurred in protest. The Intolerable Acts in response sparked the First Continental Congress and ultimately war between the colonies and Britain, culminating in American independence being recognized in the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
1. Social stratification refers to the categorization and ranking of people into hierarchical social groups based on characteristics like economic status, culture, race, gender, etc.
2. Functionalists view social stratification as serving important social functions like maintaining social order and ensuring that important roles are filled by qualified individuals. Davis and Moore argue that social inequality is an unconsciously evolved mechanism for societies to efficiently organize themselves.
3. Theories of Caribbean social stratification include the plantation society model of distinct upper, intermediate, and lower castes; plural society theory which describes culturally distinct ethnic groups coexisting under one political system; and creole society theory describing a hybrid culture with elements of both ascriptive and merit-based
Conflict theory and functionalist theory provide different perspectives on society. Conflict theory, developed by Marx, views society as consisting of groups that compete over scarce resources, leading to conflict and struggle. Functionalist theory, developed by Durkheim, views society as a system of interrelated parts that work together to maintain stability and equilibrium. Private schools can be seen through either lens - conflict theory may see them as perpetuating class divisions, while functionalism may see them as fulfilling important social functions and helping to socialize children.
Sociology has progressed through several stages driven by massive social transformations over the past two centuries. The Industrial Revolution and population shifts to cities disrupted traditional social organizations. Scientific and technological advances changed systems of production, weakening families and communities. Millions moved from rural areas to cities for work, overwhelming housing and causing social problems. New political ideas emerged emphasizing individual rights and liberties over obligations to rulers. Sociology developed to study and understand society and human behavior within these changing social contexts.
The document discusses two theoretical perspectives on social stratification: functionalism and Marxism. Functionalists view stratification as necessary to maintain order and stability by rewarding individuals based on their performance and contribution to society. However, Marxists see stratification as divisive and a means for one class to exploit others through unequal control and ownership of resources and political power.
The document discusses United States involvement in the Caribbean from 1776 to 1985. It identifies several key reasons for US interest in the region, including defense against foreign threats, expansionism, and promoting US ideology and trade/investments. It also examines specific factors that led to US involvement and rule over Caribbean territories, such as imperialism, securing trade routes, national security concerns, political instability, and ideological conflicts. Key events discussed include the Spanish-American War and the establishment of policies like Dollar Diplomacy and the Good Neighbor Policy.
CSEC History The apprenticeship system 1834capesociology
The apprenticeship system that was implemented in British colonies after slavery was abolished aimed to gradually transition former slaves to freedom while ensuring continued sugar production. However, the system largely failed to protect apprentices and treat them humanely. Apprentices faced harsh punishments, including whipping, solitary confinement, and being chained, for minor infractions. They were denied basic needs and dignity. While some apprentices were able to work independently and eventually own land, the overall system allowed planters to continue exploiting apprentices as if they were still property.
CSEC History Immigration scheme crosswordcapesociology
1) The document appears to be a crossword puzzle related to immigration schemes and colonialism, with clues about places, policies, and events involving the movement and employment of people.
2) Clues include references to the British colony of British Guiana in South America, the former name of Madras under British rule, and indentured servitude involving groups recruiting laborers against their will.
3) Other clues refer to crown land ownership, proclamations by colonial governors, contracts signed by indentured laborers, free trade policies, attitudes inherited from plantation slavery, and a 1865 riot in Jamaica.
CSEC Caribbean History Immigation the profilecapesociology
This document provides information about immigration to the British West Indies following emancipation in 1834. It discusses the main reasons immigrants were brought in, which was to provide labor for the sugar estates after emancipation. The document outlines the key groups who immigrated - Europeans, Madeirans, Africans, Chinese, and East Indians. It provides a chart showing the numbers of immigrants that went to different territories. It also examines the arrangements for immigration, including indentured labor contracts and the provisions of the 1854 Immigration Ordinance. Finally, it prompts analyzing similarities and differences between immigration and slavery.
The document discusses the development of a peasant population and free village movement in the Caribbean from the late 18th century to the 19th century. It identifies that a peasantry developed in territories like Jamaica, Trinidad, the Windwards and British Guiana where freed slaves had access to available land. However, the growth of the peasantry was limited by a lack of available land in some territories and competition for labor with the plantation system.
Carib studies religion and the justice system pptcapesociology
This document discusses the topic of religion from several perspectives. It defines religion as referring to belief in supernatural beings that govern life, and as involving symbols, feelings of reverence, and rituals practiced by communities of believers. It then examines religion as a social institution, exploring its historical context and development in Caribbean societies, influence on culture, and different sociological perspectives including functionalism, Marxism, and interpretivism.
CAPE Sociology Social stratification in_caribbeancapesociology
Social stratification in the Caribbean has traditionally been defined along lines of class, status, power, race, ethnicity, color, gender, and education. Systems varied between countries but generally involved upper, middle, and lower classes divided along racial lines. Over time, factors like industrialization, increased opportunities, and expanded education and political systems weakened old social orders defined by race and allowed for more mobility between classes. While mobility increased for some groups, inconsistencies remained for those from poorer backgrounds. Gender also emerged as an increasingly important factor in social stratification.
Caribbean Studies - Module 1 - Periods of caribbean_historycapesociology
The document provides an overview of the history of the Caribbean, beginning with the indigenous Amerindian peoples like the Tainos and Kalinago. It then discusses the arrival of Europeans starting with Columbus, and the establishment of systems like encomienda and repartimiento that exploited the Amerindians. As the indigenous populations declined, indentured servitude from Europe was introduced. However, African slavery became the dominant labor system on plantations from the 1600s-1800s, with over 3 million enslaved Africans brought to the Caribbean. Life as a slave was extremely difficult, with long work days and brutal punishments.
The document discusses secularization of religion in Caribbean society. It provides arguments both for and against secularization using Wilson's theory of secularization. It examines secularization in four key elements - statistical decline in religious participation, growth of rationalism replacing religion, disengagement of churches from society, and religious pluralism fragmenting society. While some statistics show declining religiosity, others show growth in sects and ethnic religions. Overall, secularization is a complex phenomenon with evidence both supporting and limiting its presence in the Caribbean.
Herskovits argues that African culture survived slavery and is still evident in parts of Caribbean culture today. He identifies three main ways African cultural forms survived: through survivals which closely resemble original African forms; through syncretisms where new world elements are identified with old world counterparts; and through reinterpretations where African culture is adapted to the new environment in a way that may not look like traditional retention on the surface. Herskovits examined Caribbean family forms and provided examples for each way African culture was retained, such as burying the umbilical cord under a fruit tree or identifying Catholic saints with African deities.
Fidel Castro overthrew the corrupt dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959 and installed a communist government in Cuba. He nationalized private property, collectivized farms, increased education and healthcare, but also eliminated elections and disregarded human rights. This alienated the middle class. The U.S. tried to overthrow Castro through the failed Bay of Pigs invasion and imposed an embargo, further impoverishing Cuba. Castro's reforms changed Cuba from a country ruled by a dictator to a communist state with universal healthcare and education but no political freedom or democratic elections.
The document is a test about the French Revolution containing true/false and multiple choice questions. It covers various topics like the estates system, causes of the revolution, key figures like Napoleon, and ideas from the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen such as freedom of speech. The test questions assess understanding of the social structure prior to the revolution, major events and consequences of the revolution, and Napoleon's rise to power and campaigns across Europe.
CAPE Sociology Unit Two Fertility control is the key to development in the ca...capesociology
While fertility control may help development by reducing strain on limited resources, most Caribbean sociologists agree it is not the key to development for the region. True development requires improving human resources through better education and healthcare, more equitable distribution of resources, and gaining technological assistance to support industrialization. Fertility control alone is not sufficient without also addressing these other social and economic factors.
Rostow outlined five stages of economic growth and development in societies:
1. Traditional societies are agriculture-based with limited social mobility and production.
2. Preconditions for take-off introduce new ideas, financial institutions, and investments in transportation and education.
3. Take-off integrates new technology and methods into agriculture and develops manufacturing industries through financial investments, stimulating modernization.
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
Acolyte Episodes review (TV series) The Acolyte. Learn about the influence of the program on the Star Wars world, as well as new characters and story twists.
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
1. “America” – 1763-1787
Coming of Age in an
Age of Revolution
Indicators 3-3.1, 3-3.2,3-3.3, 4-3.1, 4-3.2, 4-3.3, 4-3.4, 4-3.5, 4.3.6,
7-2.2, 7-2.3, 7-3.2, 8-2.1, 8-2.2, 8-2.3, 8-2.4,
USHC 2.2, USHC 2.3, USHC 2.4
2. French and Indian War ends -1763
•
•
•
The colonies found themselves free of the
terrible threat from the French and their allies
The continent lay open for them to explore and
settle until England closed the way west at the
mountains in the Proclamation of 1763
The colonists found themselves faced with
taxation to help pay for the war and the everpresent British soldiers kept for their protection
3. Seeds of Unrest
•
•
Men like Samuel Adams in Massachusetts,
Christopher Gadsden in South Carolina, and
George Mason in Virginia, among others,
started speaking loudly and often about
breaking away from England and making a
new country
Many rallied to their side – especially as the
taxes and restrictions continued to pile up
4. More Reasonable Men
•
•
•
There were others with cooler heads who
wanted to stay tied to England and enjoy
the benefits of being a British subject
They argued for calm and deliberate action
that would not bring trouble for the colonies
The revolutionary ideas of the Age of
Enlightenment were taking root as more and
more people discussed them.
5. French Philosophers wrote about
freedom and the rights of man
Voltaire was a pen name used by
Francois Marie Arouet in Paris in the
18th Century to write books that
asked questions about the rights of
man and criticized the Church and
the Government. He was twice
thrown in the prison of Bastille, so he
started using satire which blends a
criticism with humor and wit
to create a story that criticizes as well
as entertains. Voltaire wanted people
to be able to speak and write freely
6. Other Philosophers
Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote
The Social Contract to describe
an ideal relationship between
people and the government. He
was criticizing the way the
government in France was
treating her citizens with no
regard for their needs. He felt
that governments should have a
contract with people to protect
them and guarantee their rights.
7. Charles de Secondant,
Baron de Montesquieu
Montesquieu was a member of the
aristocracy but he wrote books that
criticized the leaders of Government
and Church in France. He took great
risks to criticize but he had specific
ideas about how a government should
work. France certainly did not fit his
description. One idea was that there
should be three branches of
government and a system of checks
and balances to keep one branch from
becoming too powerful.
8. John Locke – an English
Philosopher echoed their thoughts
John Locke believed that men were
capable of governing themselves and they
did not need a king to tell them what to
do. Men of good will could take care of
themselves and others. Locke believed
that all men had basic rights such as Life,
Liberty, and Property. He believed that
government should respond to the needs
of people or the people could replace the
government with one that would meet
their needs. Do you hear his words in the
Declaration of Independence?
9. If you’d lived in America in 1770 you
would have heard from these men •
•
•
•
Voltaire – men should be able to speak and write
freely – and criticize when necessary
Rousseau – governments and their people should have
a social contract to protect the right of the people
Montesquieu – governments should have three
branches with checks and balances
Locke – men can govern themselves and they all have
basic rights that need to be protected. If the
government won’t protect them they can replace the
government.
10. Americans Wrote Too!
Thomas Paine wrote about his ideas on Liberty and his criticism
of the English government in a pamphlet called Common Sense.
It was as widely read as the Bible in the colonies.
11. Revolutionary Ideas fell on fertile
ground because of English activities
•
•
•
1764-1766 -England placed taxes on sugar that
came from their North American colonies.
England also required colonists to buy stamps to
help pay for royal troops. Colonists protested, and
the Stamp Act was repealed in 1766.
1770 - Boston Massacre: English troops fired on a
group of people protesting English taxes.
1773 - Boston Tea Party: English tea was thrown
into the harbor to protest a tax on tea.
12. Stamps like this were to be placed
on many different documents.
Paul Revere created this image of the
Boston Massacre to anger the
colonists. John Adams defended the
soldiers because “it was the right
thing to do.”
The Sons of Liberty, men dressed up as
Indians, dumped the tea into Boston
Harbor to protest the tax on tea. Tea parties
were also held in New York and
Charleston, where the tea was “saved.”
13. Fighting in the Early Days…
•
•
•
1775 - Fighting at Lexington and Concord,
Massachusetts, marked the beginning of the
American Revolution.
1776 – General Clinton sent a fleet of ships south to
attack Charleston but the defenders at Fort Sullivan,
under the leadership of Colonel William Moultrie in the
famous palmetto log fort, forced the English to
withdraw.
July 1776 – The Declaration of Independence was
proclaimed and war began in earnest.
14. This scene from the Battle of
Princeton was typical of many
early battles…
Sgt. William Jasper rescued
the flag over Fort Sullivan,
later Fort Moultrie…
Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson
revised the Declaration of
Independence many times
before presenting the final copy.
15. Fighting did not go well in the North
•
•
•
•
•
Washington and the Continental Army were fighting
the finest army in the world and they were losing.
Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys captured
Fort Ticonderoga.
Benedict Arnold and Horatio Gates were successful at
the battle of Saratoga.
Washington crossed the Delaware to Trenton and
defeated the British and Hessians at Christmas.
However, they lost many battles.
16. Washington held the army together
•
The Winter at Valley Forge, 1777-1778 was the
lowest point in the war. 3000 men died of
starvation or from the cold.
A bitter George Washington — whose first concern
was always his soldiers — accused Congress of
"little feeling for the naked and distressed soldiers.
I feel superabundantly for them, and from my soul
pity those miseries, which it is neither in my power
to relieve or prevent."
18. Surviving Valley Forge
•
•
•
One could see bloody footprints in the snow left by
bootless, nearly naked soldiers wrapped in thin
blankets, huddled around a smoky fire of green wood.
One could hear a chant from the starving soldiers: "We
want meat! We want meat!“
One could feel that after that winter, as a result of a
vigorous, systematic training regime under Baron von
Steuben, the army was transformed from ragged
amateur troops into a confident 18th century military
organization capable of beating the Red Coats in the
open field of battle.
19. The War took a toll on the English
•
•
•
The war was costly and difficult for England to
maintain so far from home.
Clinton decided to change tactics and he sent Lord
Cornwallis south thinking the citizens of Savannah and
Charleston with their close ties to England would
welcome them with open arms.
Some of the people did welcome the English but most
rallied to defend their cities in separate sieges. The loss
of Charleston in May 1780 was the greatest loss of the
war for the patriots.
20. The Fall of Charleston was a disastrous loss
for the patriot cause…
21. Guerilla Warfare
•
•
•
With much of the Continental Army in the South in
captivity, the highest ranking officer not held by the
English in the South was Francis Marion. He had
escaped before the surrender due to a leg injury.
Marion and fellow militia officers like Thomas Sumter
and Andrew Pickens began a campaign using farmers
and backwoodsmen to make surprise attacks to annoy
and harass the English soldiers in an amazing display
of guerilla tactics, learned from the Native Americans.
The ragtag army did its job and the tide began to turn.
22. Francis Marion led his band of
farmers and hunters though countless
battles in the swamps of the low
country of South Carolina. He was
known as the Swamp Fox.
Thomas Sumter led his band of militia
through the midlands of South Carolina,
concentrating his actions on the Tories
who were siding with the English. He
was known as The Gamecock.
Andrew Pickens was an old Indian
Fighter. He led his backwoodsmen and
militia in the fight against the English
mainly in the upcountry . He was
known as the Wizard Owl.
23. The Southern Campaign Succeeds
•
•
On October 7, 1780, the Overmountain Men gathered
at Kings Mountain, South Carolina, to give battle to
Major Patrick Ferguson. Ferguson had threatened to
march over the mountains and lay waste to their land
with "fire and sword". Ferguson was the only English
soldier on the field that day. The rest were American
Tories fighting with Ferguson.
The arrogant Ferguson was killed and most of his
army captured. Over 1100 of them were killed,
wounded or captured. This battle was the turning point
of the Revolutionary War in the South.
24. At the Battle of Kings Mountain the Overmountain Men, rugged
backwoodsmen defending their homes and families, allowed the
English to climb the hill and hold the high ground. Then the
sharp shooters and guerrilla fighters began their attack. At the
end of the day there were no Tory fighters left on the hill,
Ferguson was dead, and the tide had turned in favor of the
Patriots.
25. The Battle of Cowpens
The Battle of Cowpens was a great victory by
American forces under Brigadier General
Daniel Morgan, with 700 militia and 300 Continentals
over the forces of Colonel Banastre Tarleton with his
legion of 1100 soldiers. American commander
Nathanael Greene had taken the daring step of dividing
his army, detaching Morgan away from the main
Patriot force. Morgan called Americans to gather at the
cow pens (a grazing area), a familiar upcountry
landmark. From all over the South, patriots came to
answer Morgan’s
call on January 17, 1781.
26. Tarleton attacked with his customary boldness but
without regard for the fact Morgan had had much
more time to prepare. He was consequently caught in
a double envelopment. Only Tarleton and about 260
British troops escaped, but the Americans suffered
only 73 casualties (12 dead and 61 wounded).
27. There were other battles in the South
•
•
•
•
General Nathanael Greene, known as the Fighting
Quaker, and second only to George Washington, was
the commander in the South.
Greene’s plan was to drive the English from the South.
Under traditions of warfare, the English could retain
lands they held when fighting ceased. Greene wanted
the English out of the South when the end came.
He fought many battles, some of which he lost, but
these battles caused the English to consolidate and
withdraw. That was his goal.
28. Daniel Morgan was a
Virginian who came to join
the Southern Campaign. He
had gained fame with his
sharpshooters at the Battle of
Saratoga. Now he applied his
efforts in the South at the
Cowpens and Eutaw Springs.
Nathanael Greene was a
Quaker from Rhode Island
who joined the cause despite
being a Quaker. He was
Washington’s most trusted
commander and he put his
powerful brain to work against
the English.
29. The end of the Southern Campaign
•
•
•
•
Important battles at Guilford Courthouse in North
Carolina and Eutaw Springs in South Carolina were
the beginning of the end.
French arrived off Yorktown in October 1781 to put
Cornwallis in a place from which he couldn’t escape.
The fledgling colonial army had defeated the world’s
finest standing army. At the surrender, the band
played “The World Turned Upside Down”.
There were other, later skirmishes, but the real
fighting was over. A new nation was taking its first
breaths of freedom.
30. Now to create a government for the
new nation…
•
•
•
In 1781 the states approved the framework of the new
government – The Articles of Confederation established
a loose union of states – a “league of friendship”
between the states.
There were flaws and weaknesses in the Articles of
Confederation and soon the states were quarreling over
many issues.
The states had great powers while the central
government had almost none. Trouble was brewing.
31. Leaders of the Committee that drafted the
Articles of Confederation included John Adams,
Robert Morris, Alexander Hamilton,
and
Thomas Jefferson
32. Weaknesses in the Articles
•
The Articles united the thirteen American states into a
loose union capable of making war, making diplomatic
agreements, resolving issues of the western territories, and
little more. It intended that a weak national government
could manage an emergency but almost nothing else.
* could not enforce taxes to pay national debts
* no leader to enforce laws and no court system
* could declare war but could not raise and army
* could do nothing about mistreatment by other countries
A special meeting was called in May 1787 with 55
representatives to revise the Articles of Confederation.
33. The Constitutional Convention
•
•
•
•
The Convention was made up of many of the finest men
in America. Benjamin Franklin was the oldest at over
80 years of age. George Washington was elected
president of the Constitutional Convention.
Some had served at the creation of the Declaration of
Independence.
Some had served as soldiers in the war.
Some had served their colony and state during the
struggle for independence.
34. What Happened Next?
•
•
Bringing such a group of powerful men to
consensus would be a monumental and
tricky task.
What do you think happened?