In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of amalgam class I restoration. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
The document discusses different types of articulators used in dentistry based on various classification systems. It describes Bonwill's theory of condylar guidance which defines a triangle formed by the condylar contact points and incisal edge. It also outlines Sharry's four class classification of articulators based on their adjustability and ability to accept registrations. Key articulator types mentioned are non-adjustable, semi-adjustable, and fully-adjustable.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses tooth preparation for class II amalgam restorations. It defines a class II restoration as being on the proximal surfaces of premolars and molars. It describes the initial tooth preparation which includes outlining the cavity form and removing undermined enamel. Secondary features are then discussed like axial walls, gingival seats, proximal boxes, and line/point angles. Modifications like reverse curves and dovetails are covered. Finally, it discusses secondary retention forms such as locks, grooves, slots, and pins to improve bonding of the amalgam restoration. Pulp protection with liners or bases is also an important part of the preparation.
Deep carious lesions penetrate deep into the dentin and can potentially expose the pulp, causing pulpitis if left untreated. There are five zones of carious dentin, ranging from normal dentin to infected dentin teeming with bacteria. Pulpitis can be reversible or irreversible, depending on the severity of inflammation. For deep lesions near the pulp, indirect pulp capping involves removing infected dentin while leaving behind affected dentin to avoid exposure. For direct exposures, pulp capping places a biocompatible material over the exposure site to promote healing and maintain vitality. Factors like remaining dentin thickness, exposure size, and patient age influence the success of pulp capping procedures.
Vertical jaw relation in Complete Dentures- KellyKelly Norton
1) The vertical jaw relation refers to the distance between selected points on the face, usually the tip of the nose and chin, and aims to determine the optimal vertical dimension of occlusion for complete dentures.
2) There are several proposed theories for the physiologic rest position, including positions where the opening and closing muscles are in equilibrium or where elastic elements balance gravity, but no single method is universally valid.
3) Determining the vertical dimension at rest provides a reference point, being approximately 2-4mm less than the vertical dimension of occlusion, which is the distance between contact points with the teeth occluding.
The document provides an overview of hand instruments used in operative dentistry. It discusses the history, materials, manufacturing process, classification, parts, and types of various common hand instruments such as chisels, hatchets, enamel hatchets, gingival marginal trimmers, angle formers, Wedelstaedt chisels, and spoon excavators. The summary describes the intended uses and key features of different categories of hand cutting instruments.
1. Classification of jaw relations establishes orientation, vertical, and horizontal relations between the jaws. Orientation defines cranial references, vertical defines jaw separation, and horizontal defines front-back and side-to-side jaw positions.
2. Centric relation is a repeatable reference position important for recording jaw relations and developing occlusion. It is the starting point for mandibular movements and where opposing teeth contact without proprioceptive guidance.
3. Methods for recording centric relation include interocclusal records, graphic tracings, and functional methods to position the mandible at the correct vertical dimension. The record must be made with equal pressure and avoid distortion until casts are mounted.
Matrices are used in operative dentistry to support and give form to dental restorations during placement and hardening. The document discusses the importance of matrices, their functions and characteristics of a good matrix. It describes different types of matrices including metallic matrices like Tofflemire, automatrix and sectional matrices like Palodent. Techniques for proper matrix selection, adaptation and wedge placement are also covered.
The document discusses different types of articulators used in dentistry based on various classification systems. It describes Bonwill's theory of condylar guidance which defines a triangle formed by the condylar contact points and incisal edge. It also outlines Sharry's four class classification of articulators based on their adjustability and ability to accept registrations. Key articulator types mentioned are non-adjustable, semi-adjustable, and fully-adjustable.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses tooth preparation for class II amalgam restorations. It defines a class II restoration as being on the proximal surfaces of premolars and molars. It describes the initial tooth preparation which includes outlining the cavity form and removing undermined enamel. Secondary features are then discussed like axial walls, gingival seats, proximal boxes, and line/point angles. Modifications like reverse curves and dovetails are covered. Finally, it discusses secondary retention forms such as locks, grooves, slots, and pins to improve bonding of the amalgam restoration. Pulp protection with liners or bases is also an important part of the preparation.
Deep carious lesions penetrate deep into the dentin and can potentially expose the pulp, causing pulpitis if left untreated. There are five zones of carious dentin, ranging from normal dentin to infected dentin teeming with bacteria. Pulpitis can be reversible or irreversible, depending on the severity of inflammation. For deep lesions near the pulp, indirect pulp capping involves removing infected dentin while leaving behind affected dentin to avoid exposure. For direct exposures, pulp capping places a biocompatible material over the exposure site to promote healing and maintain vitality. Factors like remaining dentin thickness, exposure size, and patient age influence the success of pulp capping procedures.
Vertical jaw relation in Complete Dentures- KellyKelly Norton
1) The vertical jaw relation refers to the distance between selected points on the face, usually the tip of the nose and chin, and aims to determine the optimal vertical dimension of occlusion for complete dentures.
2) There are several proposed theories for the physiologic rest position, including positions where the opening and closing muscles are in equilibrium or where elastic elements balance gravity, but no single method is universally valid.
3) Determining the vertical dimension at rest provides a reference point, being approximately 2-4mm less than the vertical dimension of occlusion, which is the distance between contact points with the teeth occluding.
The document provides an overview of hand instruments used in operative dentistry. It discusses the history, materials, manufacturing process, classification, parts, and types of various common hand instruments such as chisels, hatchets, enamel hatchets, gingival marginal trimmers, angle formers, Wedelstaedt chisels, and spoon excavators. The summary describes the intended uses and key features of different categories of hand cutting instruments.
1. Classification of jaw relations establishes orientation, vertical, and horizontal relations between the jaws. Orientation defines cranial references, vertical defines jaw separation, and horizontal defines front-back and side-to-side jaw positions.
2. Centric relation is a repeatable reference position important for recording jaw relations and developing occlusion. It is the starting point for mandibular movements and where opposing teeth contact without proprioceptive guidance.
3. Methods for recording centric relation include interocclusal records, graphic tracings, and functional methods to position the mandible at the correct vertical dimension. The record must be made with equal pressure and avoid distortion until casts are mounted.
Matrices are used in operative dentistry to support and give form to dental restorations during placement and hardening. The document discusses the importance of matrices, their functions and characteristics of a good matrix. It describes different types of matrices including metallic matrices like Tofflemire, automatrix and sectional matrices like Palodent. Techniques for proper matrix selection, adaptation and wedge placement are also covered.
Wedges are used to separate teeth during restorations and are placed in the gingival embrasures. There are different types of wedges including round, triangular, piggyback, and double wedging. Wedges can be made of wood or plastic. Wooden wedges are cheaper and absorb moisture to ensure retention, while plastic wedges allow light transmission. Triangular wedges are ideal for class II cavities as they provide wedging closer to the gingival margin. Placement of a single round wedge involves breaking off a toothpick, grasping it with pliers, and inserting it gingivally to tightly adapt the matrix band. Additional wedges may be needed for wide proximal boxes or concavities
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Endodontic Diagnosis: Pulp Vitality Tests. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
principles of instrumentation of hand instrumentsfiza shameem
This document discusses principles of periodontal instrumentation. It covers topics like accessibility, visibility, instrument condition, maintaining a clean field, instrument stabilization, and activation techniques. For accessibility, it discusses patient and operator positioning. For visibility, it discusses illumination, retraction, and use of mirrors. It emphasizes the importance of sharp, clean instruments and using suction and air to maintain a clear field. It describes different instrument grasps and finger rests for stabilization. Finally, it outlines techniques for instrument adaptation, angulation, pressure, and different stroke types like exploratory, scaling, and root planing.
In this lecture I explain the basic concept of root canal filling or what called obturation. The lectures discuss different techniques used in that matter in step-by-step fashion and explanatory pictures.
It is directed to the level of undergraduate mind.
Jaw relations refer to the spatial relationship between the maxilla and mandible. There are several types of jaw relations including orientation, vertical, and horizontal relations. The vertical jaw relation is the distance between two selected points on the maxilla and mandible. It is important to accurately record the vertical jaw relation to establish proper esthetics, phonetics, and function. There are various methods for determining the vertical jaw relation including physiologic methods and using interocclusal records or prior dentures. Facebows are used to transfer the maxillomandibular spatial relationship to articulators.
This document defines key terms related to cavity preparation and outlines the objectives and basic principles and steps of cavity preparation. It discusses definitions of cavities and tooth preparation. The objectives of cavity preparation are to remove caries and create a foundation for the restoration. The basic principles outlined by GV Black include biologic, mechanical, and esthetic principles. The main steps are 1) outline form, 2) resistance and retention form, 3) convenience form, 4) removal of remaining caries, 5) finishing cavity walls, and 6) toilet of the cavity. Resistance and retention forms are designed to resist forces and retain the restoration.
The document discusses diseases of the dental pulp. It begins with an introduction to the pulp, including its composition and role in tooth development. It then discusses the pathophysiology of pulpal disease, describing how noxious stimuli can lead to inflammation and necrosis by disrupting blood flow. Several classifications of pulpal diseases are presented, including those based on histopathology, clinical symptoms, and the World Health Organization framework. Etiological agents are explored, such as mechanical trauma, thermal or chemical insults, bacterial invasion, and idiopathic causes. Specific pulpal diseases like reversible and irreversible pulpitis are also mentioned.
Kennedy’s Classification in Cast Partial DentureAamir Godil
This document discusses Kennedy's classification system for partially edentulous arches and Applegate's rules for applying the Kennedy classification. It provides details on Kennedy's four basic classes for partial edentulism and Applegate's eight rules to govern the application of Kennedy's classification. Examples are given to demonstrate how to use Kennedy's classification and Applegate's rules to classify different clinical scenarios of partial edentulism.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
direct filling gold... material aspect, types, condensation, cavity design, modifications. detaied seminar for post gradutes.... any doubts or suggestions contact dr.mb@hotmail.com
This document provides information on the steps of cavity preparation, including defining cavity preparation, the objectives and principles. It describes Black's classification system for cavities in 6 classes. The steps of cavity preparation outlined include obtaining the outline form and initial depth, primary resistance and retention forms, and convenience form. It also discusses final cavity preparation steps like removing remaining decay, providing pulp protection, and finishing enamel walls and margins.
This document provides an overview of periodontal instruments, including their classification, parts, materials used, and specific uses. It describes various assessment instruments like mouth mirrors and probes, as well as therapeutic instruments such as scalers, curettes, files, chisels, and surgical tools. The key instruments discussed in detail include mirrors, probes, explorers, sickle scalers, and curettes. It explains the design and uses of each instrument in assessing and treating periodontal disease.
This document discusses various methods and materials used for pulp protection during restorative procedures. It describes the pulp-dentin complex and factors that can irritate the pulp. Methods for protecting the pulp include indirect and direct pulp capping. Direct pulp capping involves placing a biocompatible material over an exposed pulp. Indirect pulp capping leaves a thin layer of dentin and caries to avoid exposure. Materials traditionally used include calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol, and glass ionomers. Newer materials like Biodentine, a calcium silicate-based cement, have shown promising results for pulp capping and stimulation of reparative dentin formation.
This document discusses the posterior palatal seal, including its definition, function, anatomical considerations, techniques for recording it, and potential errors. The key points are:
1. The posterior palatal seal provides retention, stability, and prevention of air leakage for maxillary dentures.
2. It is located along the junction of the hard and soft palate and extends from the pterygoid hamulus on either side.
3. Special techniques like using indelible pencil and having the patient say "AH" are used to identify and record the seal area during impression making.
The document discusses the fundamentals of cavity preparation, including its definition, objectives, and historical development. It covers factors that affect cavity preparation as well as terminology, classification, and the stages of initial and final tooth preparation. The key principles of cavity preparation are to remove all defective tooth structure, protect the pulp, and provide retention for the restorative material. Modern cavity preparation techniques favor prevention of extension and minimal intervention.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10-20 minutes per day can have significant positive impacts on both mental and physical health over time.
This document provides an overview of principles of cavity preparation. It defines cavity preparation and discusses its history and objectives. Factors affecting cavity preparation and various classification systems are described, including those proposed by G.V. Black and G.J. Mount. Terminology related to cavity preparation such as tooth preparation walls, angles, and classifications of cavities are defined. The stages of cavity preparation including initial outline form and depth are outlined. Key principles for preserving cuspal strength and marginal ridge strength are discussed.
This document discusses methods for determining vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and vertical dimension of rest (VDR). It describes that VDO is the vertical separation of the jaws when teeth are in contact, while VDR is the separation when muscles are minimally contracted to maintain posture. Several physiological and mechanical methods are outlined, including ridge relation, swallowing threshold, tactile sense, phonetics, and electromyography. Maintaining the proper VDO and VDR is important for minimizing strain on teeth and muscles.
This document provides information on preparing class I amalgam cavity restorations. It discusses the materials used for amalgam fillings, including their advantages and disadvantages. It describes the Black system for cavity preparation, which involves establishing an outline, resistance, retention, and convenience form. It provides details on preparing simple, compound, and complex class I cavities, including removing caries, obtaining the proper depth and angles, and finishing cavity walls. Enameloplasty and cusp capping techniques are also covered. The goal is to conserve tooth structure while ensuring the restoration is retained and can withstand occlusal forces.
Dental amalgam is an alloy used as a dental restorative material. It consists of mercury combined with other metals like silver, tin, and copper. Amalgam undergoes a setting reaction when mixed with liquid mercury to form a hard material. It is indicated for restoring cavities. While it has advantages like strength and cost-effectiveness, it lacks esthetics and can release low levels of mercury vapor. Modern amalgams have improved properties like reduced creep and shrinkage. Careful manipulation is required to achieve optimal physical properties and reduce risks.
Wedges are used to separate teeth during restorations and are placed in the gingival embrasures. There are different types of wedges including round, triangular, piggyback, and double wedging. Wedges can be made of wood or plastic. Wooden wedges are cheaper and absorb moisture to ensure retention, while plastic wedges allow light transmission. Triangular wedges are ideal for class II cavities as they provide wedging closer to the gingival margin. Placement of a single round wedge involves breaking off a toothpick, grasping it with pliers, and inserting it gingivally to tightly adapt the matrix band. Additional wedges may be needed for wide proximal boxes or concavities
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Endodontic Diagnosis: Pulp Vitality Tests. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
principles of instrumentation of hand instrumentsfiza shameem
This document discusses principles of periodontal instrumentation. It covers topics like accessibility, visibility, instrument condition, maintaining a clean field, instrument stabilization, and activation techniques. For accessibility, it discusses patient and operator positioning. For visibility, it discusses illumination, retraction, and use of mirrors. It emphasizes the importance of sharp, clean instruments and using suction and air to maintain a clear field. It describes different instrument grasps and finger rests for stabilization. Finally, it outlines techniques for instrument adaptation, angulation, pressure, and different stroke types like exploratory, scaling, and root planing.
In this lecture I explain the basic concept of root canal filling or what called obturation. The lectures discuss different techniques used in that matter in step-by-step fashion and explanatory pictures.
It is directed to the level of undergraduate mind.
Jaw relations refer to the spatial relationship between the maxilla and mandible. There are several types of jaw relations including orientation, vertical, and horizontal relations. The vertical jaw relation is the distance between two selected points on the maxilla and mandible. It is important to accurately record the vertical jaw relation to establish proper esthetics, phonetics, and function. There are various methods for determining the vertical jaw relation including physiologic methods and using interocclusal records or prior dentures. Facebows are used to transfer the maxillomandibular spatial relationship to articulators.
This document defines key terms related to cavity preparation and outlines the objectives and basic principles and steps of cavity preparation. It discusses definitions of cavities and tooth preparation. The objectives of cavity preparation are to remove caries and create a foundation for the restoration. The basic principles outlined by GV Black include biologic, mechanical, and esthetic principles. The main steps are 1) outline form, 2) resistance and retention form, 3) convenience form, 4) removal of remaining caries, 5) finishing cavity walls, and 6) toilet of the cavity. Resistance and retention forms are designed to resist forces and retain the restoration.
The document discusses diseases of the dental pulp. It begins with an introduction to the pulp, including its composition and role in tooth development. It then discusses the pathophysiology of pulpal disease, describing how noxious stimuli can lead to inflammation and necrosis by disrupting blood flow. Several classifications of pulpal diseases are presented, including those based on histopathology, clinical symptoms, and the World Health Organization framework. Etiological agents are explored, such as mechanical trauma, thermal or chemical insults, bacterial invasion, and idiopathic causes. Specific pulpal diseases like reversible and irreversible pulpitis are also mentioned.
Kennedy’s Classification in Cast Partial DentureAamir Godil
This document discusses Kennedy's classification system for partially edentulous arches and Applegate's rules for applying the Kennedy classification. It provides details on Kennedy's four basic classes for partial edentulism and Applegate's eight rules to govern the application of Kennedy's classification. Examples are given to demonstrate how to use Kennedy's classification and Applegate's rules to classify different clinical scenarios of partial edentulism.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
direct filling gold... material aspect, types, condensation, cavity design, modifications. detaied seminar for post gradutes.... any doubts or suggestions contact dr.mb@hotmail.com
This document provides information on the steps of cavity preparation, including defining cavity preparation, the objectives and principles. It describes Black's classification system for cavities in 6 classes. The steps of cavity preparation outlined include obtaining the outline form and initial depth, primary resistance and retention forms, and convenience form. It also discusses final cavity preparation steps like removing remaining decay, providing pulp protection, and finishing enamel walls and margins.
This document provides an overview of periodontal instruments, including their classification, parts, materials used, and specific uses. It describes various assessment instruments like mouth mirrors and probes, as well as therapeutic instruments such as scalers, curettes, files, chisels, and surgical tools. The key instruments discussed in detail include mirrors, probes, explorers, sickle scalers, and curettes. It explains the design and uses of each instrument in assessing and treating periodontal disease.
This document discusses various methods and materials used for pulp protection during restorative procedures. It describes the pulp-dentin complex and factors that can irritate the pulp. Methods for protecting the pulp include indirect and direct pulp capping. Direct pulp capping involves placing a biocompatible material over an exposed pulp. Indirect pulp capping leaves a thin layer of dentin and caries to avoid exposure. Materials traditionally used include calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol, and glass ionomers. Newer materials like Biodentine, a calcium silicate-based cement, have shown promising results for pulp capping and stimulation of reparative dentin formation.
This document discusses the posterior palatal seal, including its definition, function, anatomical considerations, techniques for recording it, and potential errors. The key points are:
1. The posterior palatal seal provides retention, stability, and prevention of air leakage for maxillary dentures.
2. It is located along the junction of the hard and soft palate and extends from the pterygoid hamulus on either side.
3. Special techniques like using indelible pencil and having the patient say "AH" are used to identify and record the seal area during impression making.
The document discusses the fundamentals of cavity preparation, including its definition, objectives, and historical development. It covers factors that affect cavity preparation as well as terminology, classification, and the stages of initial and final tooth preparation. The key principles of cavity preparation are to remove all defective tooth structure, protect the pulp, and provide retention for the restorative material. Modern cavity preparation techniques favor prevention of extension and minimal intervention.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10-20 minutes per day can have significant positive impacts on both mental and physical health over time.
This document provides an overview of principles of cavity preparation. It defines cavity preparation and discusses its history and objectives. Factors affecting cavity preparation and various classification systems are described, including those proposed by G.V. Black and G.J. Mount. Terminology related to cavity preparation such as tooth preparation walls, angles, and classifications of cavities are defined. The stages of cavity preparation including initial outline form and depth are outlined. Key principles for preserving cuspal strength and marginal ridge strength are discussed.
This document discusses methods for determining vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and vertical dimension of rest (VDR). It describes that VDO is the vertical separation of the jaws when teeth are in contact, while VDR is the separation when muscles are minimally contracted to maintain posture. Several physiological and mechanical methods are outlined, including ridge relation, swallowing threshold, tactile sense, phonetics, and electromyography. Maintaining the proper VDO and VDR is important for minimizing strain on teeth and muscles.
This document provides information on preparing class I amalgam cavity restorations. It discusses the materials used for amalgam fillings, including their advantages and disadvantages. It describes the Black system for cavity preparation, which involves establishing an outline, resistance, retention, and convenience form. It provides details on preparing simple, compound, and complex class I cavities, including removing caries, obtaining the proper depth and angles, and finishing cavity walls. Enameloplasty and cusp capping techniques are also covered. The goal is to conserve tooth structure while ensuring the restoration is retained and can withstand occlusal forces.
Dental amalgam is an alloy used as a dental restorative material. It consists of mercury combined with other metals like silver, tin, and copper. Amalgam undergoes a setting reaction when mixed with liquid mercury to form a hard material. It is indicated for restoring cavities. While it has advantages like strength and cost-effectiveness, it lacks esthetics and can release low levels of mercury vapor. Modern amalgams have improved properties like reduced creep and shrinkage. Careful manipulation is required to achieve optimal physical properties and reduce risks.
This document provides information about a class I amalgam restoration preparation for tooth #30. It discusses the location and classification of class I cavities, reviews the steps for cavity preparation including outline and internal form, and criteria for a proper class I amalgam preparation such as smooth walls and proper bur alignment. Images show examples of primary groove marking, correct outline form, and caries removal techniques. The document serves to instruct dental students on preparing class I cavities for amalgam fillings.
This document provides design principles and guidelines for preparing a Class I dental amalgam cavity. It describes the ideal outline form, extension, occlusal depth, wall contours, and refinement of Class I amalgam preparations. The goals are to remove all infected tooth structure, incorporate contiguous areas at risk of decay, and maintain adequate bulk, retention form, and resistance form in the remaining tooth structure. Internal line angles should be well-defined but not sharp, and cavosurface margins regular, well-defined and supported to optimize the adaptation and integrity of the amalgam restoration.
This document provides instructions for preparing a class II amalgam tooth restoration. It describes initially outlining the occlusal surface and including all pits and fissures. The proximal box is then prepared by isolating the proximal enamel, creating a proximal ditch, and extending the facial and lingual walls. Retention features like locks and grooves are prepared, and the walls are finished with bevels. Final steps include cleaning, inspecting, and applying varnishes or desensitizers to the prepared cavity.
This document provides guidance on various aspects of operative dentistry procedures. It discusses operator positioning, cavity preparations for single teeth and articulators, and different restorative materials. Specific details are given for Class I cavity preparations including conservative preparation techniques, sequence of use for different burs, and procedures for amalgam restoration insertion, carving, and finishing. Guidance is also provided for extensive caries cases and for occlusolingual cavity preparations and restorations.
The document provides steps for preparing a class II cavity on the proximal surface of a tooth. Key steps include:
1. Outlining the cavity with a lead pencil and starting preparation with a 1/2 round bur.
2. Using burs #245 and #330 to produce occlusal convergence of the facial and lingual walls and cutting towards the mesial pit to create a flat pulpal floor.
3. Extending the preparation distally and creating a proximal box, with the bur oriented parallel to the crown and maintaining a constant depth and angle. Finishing involves beveling walls and establishing margins.
The document outlines the 9 steps involved in tooth preparation for class II amalgam restorations. The steps include: 1) establishing the initial outline and depth, 2) creating primary resistance form with box shape and rounded internal angles, 3) developing primary retention form with converging walls, 4) extending for convenience if needed, 5) removing infected dentin and old material, 6) applying pulp protection with liners if needed, 7) adding secondary retention locks and grooves, 8) finishing external walls with 90 degree angles, and 9) final cleaning, inspection, and optional sealing of the preparation.
silver Amalgam cavity preparation for class 1 /certified fixed orthodontic co...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
ARRANGEMENT OF POSTERIOR TEETH ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT THEORIES OF OCCLUSION/ ...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses common failures of dental amalgam restorations. It states that while amalgams initially perform well, over time technical issues can lead to fracture, recurrent caries, discoloration and corrosion. Failures are often due to faulty cavity preparation, poor matrix adaptation, or improper amalgam manipulation. Specifically, inadequate extension or retention forms during cavity preparation increase risks of secondary caries and fracture. Contamination or delayed condensation of amalgam can also weaken restorations.
This document discusses cavity designs for amalgam restorations. It begins with definitions of cavities and objectives of cavity preparation. It then covers classifications of cavities including Class I-VI and describes design considerations and features for each class. The principles of tooth preparation for amalgam are outlined. Updates to traditional cavity designs are mentioned that emphasize conservation of tooth structure. In conclusion, while new materials are gaining popularity, amalgam will continue to be widely used with care in minimal cavity designs.
1. The document provides guidance on class I cavity preparation for amalgam and composite restorations. It describes the different types of class I preparations including conservative and extensive preparations.
2. Guidelines are provided on ideal outline form, resistance and retention forms, tooth preparation sequence, and use of liners and bases. Considerations for tooth preparation with amalgam versus composite are also discussed.
3. The summary focuses on key steps and guidelines for class I cavity preparation to help the reader understand the essential information for restoring class I lesions.
The document discusses the failure of various types of dental restorations including amalgam, cast, glass ionomer, and composite restorations. It outlines the criteria for successful restorations and factors that affect restoration success or failure such as the degree of tooth involvement, operator skill, and material properties. Common modes of failure include recurrent caries, marginal degradation, isthmus fracture, tooth fracture, discoloration, hypersensitivity, and dislodgment. The causes and treatments for each type of failure are described for each restoration material.
1. The document compares amalgam and composite for Class I and Class II cavity preparations. Amalgam is more durable but less esthetic, while composite is more technique sensitive but offers better esthetics.
2. For Class I cavities, amalgam preparations include all pits and fissures while composite only replaces defective areas. Retention forms also differ between the materials.
3. For Class II cavities, the outline and retention forms for amalgam and composite preparations depend on factors like the extent of decay and location of contacts or fractures. Modified preparations are also described that are more conservative.
This document provides information on dental amalgam, including:
- A brief history noting amalgam has been used for over 150 years and was originally made by filing silver coins and mixing with mercury.
- The components and microstructure of amalgam, including how it is composed of a mixture of silver/tin/copper alloy and mercury that amalgamates during manipulation.
- The classification, properties, manipulation techniques, indications and contraindications for amalgam restorations.
- Potential failures of amalgam restorations and their causes, as well as precautions needed due to mercury toxicity.
This document summarizes the key steps in denture processing using compression molding technique:
1. A trial denture is prepared and disarticulated from the cast.
2. The cast and trial denture are invested in dental stone in a flask.
3. The wax is boiled out of the flask. Retention grooves are placed on the artificial teeth.
4. Acrylic resin is mixed, packed into the flask, cured, cooled, and deflasked to produce the final denture.
5. The denture is then finished and polished.
The document discusses the history of dental prosthetics from ancient times to the present. Some key points:
- The earliest known dental prosthetics date back to ancient Egypt around 2500 BC and were made of materials like wood, bone, and ivory.
- In the 18th-19th centuries, materials like gold, vulcanite, and porcelain were introduced. George Washington's dentures were made of ivory, lead, and gold.
- In the 1930s, polymethyl methacrylate (acrylic) became popular as it was more satisfactory than previous materials.
- The document outlines the evolution of dental prosthetics materials over millennia from basic materials like wood and bone to modern acry
This short-notes present to you an important topic in practice of endodontics. Sodium accident is not uncommon to clinical practice, and endodontic practitioner should have thorough knowledge of its causes, prevention and management.
Written and summaries by Dr. Osamah Ahmed Asadi
For Iraqi Dental Academy
follow us on social platforms:
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In this lecture we will present to you in simple-choice of words, the instrument used most commonly in oral surgery. Each instrument is provided with pictures and brief explanation.
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This lecture is brought to you by: Iraqi Dental Academy
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All our lectures are uploaded here on slideshare, also you can grap them as PDF lectures in the following link for free:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B65zuL7B4IbBVlZ3NkY2aGZ4TXc
==
All credits goes to Dr. Osamah Asadi, B.D.S, CEO of Iraqi Dental Academy and the author of the content.
In this lecture we explain to you, in simple terms, the buccal object rule or what's known as SLOB rule (same lingual, opposite buccal).
This rule is very helpful radiographic aid, that many clinicians use in daily routine.
====
This lecture is brought to you by: Iraqi Dental Academy
Follow us on Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/ida.lects
Follow us on Instagram:
https://www.instagram.com/ida_lectures/
Follow us on Telegram:
https://t.me/ida_lectures
====
All our lectures are uploaded here on slideshare, also you can grap them as PDF lectures on the following link for free:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B65zuL7B4IbBVlZ3NkY2aGZ4TXc
==
All credits goes to Dr. Osamah Asadi, B.D.S, CEO of Iraqi Dental Academy and the author of the content.
Endodontic Root Perforation: Causes, Identification, and Management LectureIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture present to you the concept of root perforation and its complications in endodontic practice. Management of such situation is also presented briefly.
Endodontic Root Perforation: Causes, Identification, and Management PresentationIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture present to you the concept of root perforation and its complications in endodontic practice. Management of such situation is also presented briefly.
This lecture talk about the disturbance of adrenal gland hormones and how it affect health. it also discuss in brief how to manage such condition in your dental clinic
This lecture talk about the disturbance of adrenal gland hormones and how it affect health. it also discuss in brief how to manage such condition in your dental clinic
This lecture present to you the very basics of dental management of asthmatic patient in dental clinics. I kept it short and comprehensive as I can, for more info please refer to the reference mentioned in the lecture
This lecture present to you the very basics of dental management of asthmatic patient in dental clinics. I kept it short and comprehensive as I can, for more info please refer to the reference mentioned in the lecture
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Dental Management SlidesIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss an important subject in dental clinic. COPD is the third leading cause of death in united state. this lecture is oriented to the level of mind of undergraduate students.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Dental Management LectureIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss an important subject in dental clinic. COPD is the third leading cause of death in united state. this lecture is oriented to the level of mind of undergraduate students.
This document provides information on diabetes mellitus and its relevance to dental care. It defines diabetes, describes the different types, and lists common signs and symptoms. It also discusses diabetes complications, diagnosis, treatment planning for dental procedures, oral manifestations of diabetes, and dental management considerations. The goal is to educate dentists on properly treating and managing diabetic patients.
Dental Management of Patient with Diabetes Mellitus PresentationIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss the topic of dental management of medically compromised patient who suffers from diabetes mellitus. it's simple lecture that directed to the level of mind of undergraduate students. thanks for viewing and reading, and please share the knowledge!
Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics PresentationIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss very important topic in dental practice and that is the science and art of dental anesthesia. This lecture discuss various techniques, precautions, and tips about dental anesthesia for restoration and endodontics.
Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics LectureIraqi Dental Academy
This lecture discuss very important topic in dental practice and that is the science and art of dental anesthesia. This lecture discuss various techniques, precautions, and tips about dental anesthesia for restoration and endodontics.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This brief lecture talk about very important topic in endodontic diagnosis and it is the Endodontic-Periodontal Relationship. It's directed to the level of mind of undergraduate students. I tried to keep it as simple and coherent as possible
This lecture, which oriented to the level of mind of undergraduate students, discuss the topic of pulpectomy, its indications, contraindications, and procedural steps.
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in this comprehensive, easily-digestable lecture I try to explain the basic concept of pulpotomy procedure for pediatric patients. It's aim to the level of mind of undergraduate students.
Here I present to you the basic concept and definition of endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. It is presented to the level of mind of undergraduate students.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...Donc Test
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Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptxwalterHu5
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.