Amalgam
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This document discusses advances that have been made in dental amalgam materials. It describes new amalgam alloys that have been developed with compositions like gallium alloys, bonded amalgam, fluoridated amalgam, consolidated silver alloy, low mercury alloy, and indium containing amalgam. Each new type of amalgam aims to improve properties like strength, creep, corrosion and mercury vapor release compared to traditional dental amalgams. Specific advantages and disadvantages are outlined for gallium alloys and other new amalgam materials.
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Amalgam
This document provides information on dental amalgam, including:
- A brief history noting amalgam has been used for over 150 years and was originally made by filing silver coins and mixing with mercury.
- The components and microstructure of amalgam, including how it is composed of a mixture of silver/tin/copper alloy and mercury that amalgamates during manipulation.
- The classification, properties, manipulation techniques, indications and contraindications for amalgam restorations.
- Potential failures of amalgam restorations and their causes, as well as precautions needed due to mercury toxicity.
DFG.pptx
Direct filling gold is the oldest restorative material used in dentistry due to its biological and mechanical properties. It exists in various forms including gold foil, electrolytic precipitate, and powdered gold. Gold foil can be cohesive or non-cohesive depending on surface contaminants. Manipulation of direct gold restorations involves degassing to remove surface gases followed by compaction. It is primarily indicated for small, non-stress bearing cavities where esthetics are not a concern due to its biocompatibility and ability to be cold welded. Disadvantages include its color, potential for increased sensitivity, and difficulty of manipulation.
Base metal alloys
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
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Zinc polycarboxylate cement sets through an acid-base reaction between zinc oxide and polyacrylic acid. It exists as a powder containing zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and polyacrylic acid, and as a liquid containing polyacrylic acid and water. The powder and liquid are mixed together, with the polyacrylic acid chelating with the zinc oxide to form a matrix of zinc polyacrylate salt surrounded by undispersed zinc oxide particles. Zinc polycarboxylate cement has mechanical strength comparable to zinc phosphate cement, adheres chemically to tooth structure and metals, and has a film thickness similar to zinc phosphate cement. It is less irritating to the pulp than zinc phosphate cement due to becoming
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Base Metal Casting Alloys in Dentistry by Dr Rashid Hassan
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DIRECT FILLING GOLD
History of Direct filling gold
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Dental ceramics
The document discusses dental ceramics, including their history, structure, composition, and classification. Some key points:
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- Ceramics can be crystalline or non-crystalline (glass). Dental ceramics are mainly composed of crystalline minerals and a glass matrix. Common components include feldspar, silica, kaolin, and glass modifiers.
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Amalgam
This document provides information on dental amalgam, including:
- A brief history noting amalgam has been used for over 150 years and was originally made by filing silver coins and mixing with mercury.
- The components and microstructure of amalgam, including how it is composed of a mixture of silver/tin/copper alloy and mercury that amalgamates during manipulation.
- The classification, properties, manipulation techniques, indications and contraindications for amalgam restorations.
- Potential failures of amalgam restorations and their causes, as well as precautions needed due to mercury toxicity.
DFG.pptx
Direct filling gold is the oldest restorative material used in dentistry due to its biological and mechanical properties. It exists in various forms including gold foil, electrolytic precipitate, and powdered gold. Gold foil can be cohesive or non-cohesive depending on surface contaminants. Manipulation of direct gold restorations involves degassing to remove surface gases followed by compaction. It is primarily indicated for small, non-stress bearing cavities where esthetics are not a concern due to its biocompatibility and ability to be cold welded. Disadvantages include its color, potential for increased sensitivity, and difficulty of manipulation.
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Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
zinc polycarboxylate.pptx
Zinc polycarboxylate cement sets through an acid-base reaction between zinc oxide and polyacrylic acid. It exists as a powder containing zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and polyacrylic acid, and as a liquid containing polyacrylic acid and water. The powder and liquid are mixed together, with the polyacrylic acid chelating with the zinc oxide to form a matrix of zinc polyacrylate salt surrounded by undispersed zinc oxide particles. Zinc polycarboxylate cement has mechanical strength comparable to zinc phosphate cement, adheres chemically to tooth structure and metals, and has a film thickness similar to zinc phosphate cement. It is less irritating to the pulp than zinc phosphate cement due to becoming
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History of Direct filling gold
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The document discusses dental ceramics, including their history, structure, composition, and classification. Some key points:
- Dental ceramics have been used since ancient times, with early developments including porcelain teeth in the late 18th century. Major advances included reinforced porcelains in the 1960s and all-ceramic systems in the 1980s-1990s.
- Ceramics can be crystalline or non-crystalline (glass). Dental ceramics are mainly composed of crystalline minerals and a glass matrix. Common components include feldspar, silica, kaolin, and glass modifiers.
- Ceramics are classified as non-crystalline or crystalline, with fel
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Investment materials are used to form molds for dental casting. They are composed of refractory materials like quartz or cristobalite, a binder like gypsum or phosphate, and other chemicals. Gypsum-bonded investments are commonly used for gold alloy casting while phosphate-bonded investments can withstand higher temperatures for casting alloys like cobalt-chromium. Ethyl silicate investments are used for high-fusing base metal alloys. The investments require properties like stability at high temperatures, sufficient expansion to compensate for metal shrinkage, and ease of removal after casting.
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Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The document provides an overview of dental amalgam, including:
- A definition of amalgam as an alloy containing mercury
- A history of amalgam use dating back to the 15th century
- Classification of amalgams by alloy composition and particle shape
- The setting reaction when mercury is mixed with alloy particles to form phases like gamma, gamma-1, and gamma-2
- Properties of set amalgam addressed in ADA specifications like strength, dimensional change, and creep
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1.Introduction
2.Historical perspective
3.Classification
4.Desirable properties
5.Functional mechanical properties
6.Alloys for
A]. All Metal Prosthesis
B]. Resin – Veneered Metal Restoration
7. High noble and noble alloys for Metal- Ceramic Prosthesis
8. Alternative Technologies for fabricating prosthesis
Biological Hazards and precautions – risks of dental laboratory
technician
10. Guidelines for selection and use of base metals for crown and
bridge applications.
11. Partial denture alloys and guidelines for selection
12. Alternatives technologies for fabricating prosthesis
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Recent advances in silver amalgam / cosmetic dentistry courses
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Casting procedures in dentistry
This document provides an overview of the lost wax casting technique used in dentistry. It discusses the history of casting, outlines the key steps including preparation of a die, wax pattern fabrication, spruing, investing, burnout and casting. The objectives of casting are to heat the alloy quickly to melt it completely, prevent oxidation during heating, and produce a casting with sharp details by forcing the molten metal into the mold. Successful casting depends on attention to detail and consistency of technique at each step.
procedure for amalgam restoration
The document provides information on the procedure for amalgam restoration. It discusses the appropriate mercury to alloy ratio, which is typically 1:1. It describes the steps of trituration to mix the alloy and mercury using either hand mixing or mechanical mixing. Proper trituration is important to coat the alloy particles. The document also outlines the steps for condensing the amalgam into the cavity preparation using incremental layering and discusses carving and polishing the final restoration.
Investment material
An investment is a refractory material that is used to form a mould around a wax pattern.
Following the production of a wax pattern either by direct or indirect method; the next stage in many dental procedures involves the investment of the pattern to form a mould.
A sprue is attached to the pattern and the assembly is located in a casting ring. Investment material is poured around the wax pattern while still in a fluid state.
When the investment sets hard, the wax and sprue former are removed by burning out to leave a mould which can be filled with an alloy or ceramic using a casting technique.
Amalgam
The document discusses dental amalgam, including:
- A definition of dental amalgam as an alloy containing mercury and silver/tin/copper.
- An overview of the history of amalgam use from 659AD to present, including controversies.
- Details on the materials in amalgam including mercury, alloy powders categorized by shape/size/copper content.
- The manufacturing process for lathe-cut and spherical alloy powders and the phases that form in the amalgam structure.
- How the amalgamation process and resulting microstructure differs between low-copper and high-copper alloys.
Amalgam
This document discusses the history, composition, production, and properties of dental amalgam. It begins with a brief history of amalgam use in dentistry dating back to the 1800s. It then discusses the components of amalgam alloys including mercury, silver, tin, and copper. The document outlines the production methods for lathe-cut and spherical alloy powders. It describes the metallurgical phases that form during amalgamation and how they contribute to properties like strength, creep, corrosion resistance and dimensional stability. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of dental amalgam materials.
Dental Casting alloy
The document discusses dental casting alloys, including their history, desirable properties, composition, classification into noble metal alloys and base metal alloys. Key points covered include the importance of biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, aesthetics and thermal properties of alloys. Common metals used in alloys such as gold, palladium, silver and nickel are described.
Dental Amalgam
This document provides an overview of dental amalgam, including its history, composition, manufacturing process, properties, and clinical use. Dental amalgam is an alloy made by mixing mercury with a silver-tin alloy. It has been used as a dental restorative material since the 1800s. The document discusses the various types of amalgam alloys, the chemical reactions involved in amalgam setting, and how properties like strength and creep vary between low-copper and high-copper amalgam formulations. It also outlines the indications and contraindications for using dental amalgam.
Biocompatibilty of dental materials
The document discusses the biocompatibility of dental materials. It defines biocompatibility as the ability of a material to elicit an appropriate biological response. Dental materials must not be harmful, toxic, carcinogenic, or allergenic. Biocompatibility is evaluated through primary, secondary, and usage tests involving cell cultures, animals, and human clinical trials. The summary discusses the various tests conducted on different dental materials like metals, ceramics, polymers, and how their composition and interactions in the oral cavity impact biocompatibility.
Amalgam
This document discusses the history and composition of dental amalgam. It describes the three "amalgam wars" where the safety of amalgam was debated. Amalgam is an alloy of silver, tin, copper and sometimes other metals like zinc. The document outlines the different generations of amalgam alloys and how composition affects properties. High copper alloys aim to improve strength and corrosion resistance over traditional low copper alloys. Both admixed and unicompositional high copper alloys are discussed in terms of their microstructure and reaction with mercury during setting. The physical properties of dimensional stability, strength and corrosion resistance are also summarized.
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Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.More Related Content
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Base metal alloys
The document provides an overview of base metal alloys used in dentistry. It discusses the history and classification of dental casting alloys including cobalt-chromium, nickel-chromium, and titanium-based alloys. The ideal requirements, composition, properties, applications and references of various base metal alloys are described in detail over multiple pages.
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The document provides information on dental amalgam, including its composition, manufacturing process, properties, uses and classifications. It discusses the key components of amalgam alloys such as silver, tin, copper and mercury. It also describes the various metallurgical phases that form in amalgam, including the gamma and gamma-2 phases. Furthermore, it covers the history of amalgam and the different "amalgam wars" that occurred over the use of dental amalgam. The manufacturing process for alloy powders, including lathe-cut and atomized methods, is also summarized.
Dental casting investment material
Investment materials are used to form molds for dental casting. They are composed of refractory materials like quartz or cristobalite, a binder like gypsum or phosphate, and other chemicals. Gypsum-bonded investments are commonly used for gold alloy casting while phosphate-bonded investments can withstand higher temperatures for casting alloys like cobalt-chromium. Ethyl silicate investments are used for high-fusing base metal alloys. The investments require properties like stability at high temperatures, sufficient expansion to compensate for metal shrinkage, and ease of removal after casting.
Denture base resins
The document provides a history of denture materials and techniques from ancient times to modern day. It begins with early dentures made of materials like wood, bone, ivory and human teeth. Important developments include the introduction of porcelain and vulcanite dentures in the 18th-19th centuries. In the 1930s, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was introduced and became the standard denture material due to its strength, biocompatibility and ease of use. The document also describes the compression molding technique for fabricating PMMA dentures, involving steps like flasking, packing, curing and finishing. Alternative techniques like injection molding are also mentioned.
Classification of dental porcelain / dental courses
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Silver Amalgam Seminar
The document provides an overview of dental amalgam, including:
- A definition of amalgam as an alloy containing mercury
- A history of amalgam use dating back to the 15th century
- Classification of amalgams by alloy composition and particle shape
- The setting reaction when mercury is mixed with alloy particles to form phases like gamma, gamma-1, and gamma-2
- Properties of set amalgam addressed in ADA specifications like strength, dimensional change, and creep
318500924-6-DENTAL-CERAMICS-PPT.ppt
This document provides a detailed history and overview of dental ceramics. It discusses the origins and composition of different types of ceramics used in dentistry like feldspathic porcelain, leucite-reinforced porcelain, and aluminous porcelain. The document also outlines the various methods used to classify and fabricate dental ceramics, including processes like condensation and sintering, casting and ceramming, machining, pressure molding, and glass infiltration. Key developments in the history of using ceramics in dentistry are highlighted from the 1700s to present day.
Dental+ceramics
This document provides an overview of dental ceramics. It defines ceramics as inorganic compounds formed from metallic, semi-metallic, and nonmetallic elements that are subjected to high heat. Dental ceramics are commonly used for crowns, bridges, inlays and other restorations. They are composed mainly of feldspars, quartz, and kaolin that undergo firing and produce a vitreous glassy phase and crystalline phase. Dental ceramics are strengthened through various techniques to increase their durability for use in load-bearing applications in the mouth.
Dental Casting Alloys
1.Introduction
2.Historical perspective
3.Classification
4.Desirable properties
5.Functional mechanical properties
6.Alloys for
A]. All Metal Prosthesis
B]. Resin – Veneered Metal Restoration
7. High noble and noble alloys for Metal- Ceramic Prosthesis
8. Alternative Technologies for fabricating prosthesis
Biological Hazards and precautions – risks of dental laboratory
technician
10. Guidelines for selection and use of base metals for crown and
bridge applications.
11. Partial denture alloys and guidelines for selection
12. Alternatives technologies for fabricating prosthesis
13. Recent advancements
Recent advances in silver amalgam / cosmetic dentistry courses
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Casting procedures in dentistry
This document provides an overview of the lost wax casting technique used in dentistry. It discusses the history of casting, outlines the key steps including preparation of a die, wax pattern fabrication, spruing, investing, burnout and casting. The objectives of casting are to heat the alloy quickly to melt it completely, prevent oxidation during heating, and produce a casting with sharp details by forcing the molten metal into the mold. Successful casting depends on attention to detail and consistency of technique at each step.
procedure for amalgam restoration
The document provides information on the procedure for amalgam restoration. It discusses the appropriate mercury to alloy ratio, which is typically 1:1. It describes the steps of trituration to mix the alloy and mercury using either hand mixing or mechanical mixing. Proper trituration is important to coat the alloy particles. The document also outlines the steps for condensing the amalgam into the cavity preparation using incremental layering and discusses carving and polishing the final restoration.
Investment material
An investment is a refractory material that is used to form a mould around a wax pattern.
Following the production of a wax pattern either by direct or indirect method; the next stage in many dental procedures involves the investment of the pattern to form a mould.
A sprue is attached to the pattern and the assembly is located in a casting ring. Investment material is poured around the wax pattern while still in a fluid state.
When the investment sets hard, the wax and sprue former are removed by burning out to leave a mould which can be filled with an alloy or ceramic using a casting technique.
Amalgam
The document discusses dental amalgam, including:
- A definition of dental amalgam as an alloy containing mercury and silver/tin/copper.
- An overview of the history of amalgam use from 659AD to present, including controversies.
- Details on the materials in amalgam including mercury, alloy powders categorized by shape/size/copper content.
- The manufacturing process for lathe-cut and spherical alloy powders and the phases that form in the amalgam structure.
- How the amalgamation process and resulting microstructure differs between low-copper and high-copper alloys.
Amalgam
This document discusses the history, composition, production, and properties of dental amalgam. It begins with a brief history of amalgam use in dentistry dating back to the 1800s. It then discusses the components of amalgam alloys including mercury, silver, tin, and copper. The document outlines the production methods for lathe-cut and spherical alloy powders. It describes the metallurgical phases that form during amalgamation and how they contribute to properties like strength, creep, corrosion resistance and dimensional stability. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of dental amalgam materials.
Dental Casting alloy
The document discusses dental casting alloys, including their history, desirable properties, composition, classification into noble metal alloys and base metal alloys. Key points covered include the importance of biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, aesthetics and thermal properties of alloys. Common metals used in alloys such as gold, palladium, silver and nickel are described.
Dental Amalgam
This document provides an overview of dental amalgam, including its history, composition, manufacturing process, properties, and clinical use. Dental amalgam is an alloy made by mixing mercury with a silver-tin alloy. It has been used as a dental restorative material since the 1800s. The document discusses the various types of amalgam alloys, the chemical reactions involved in amalgam setting, and how properties like strength and creep vary between low-copper and high-copper amalgam formulations. It also outlines the indications and contraindications for using dental amalgam.
Biocompatibilty of dental materials
The document discusses the biocompatibility of dental materials. It defines biocompatibility as the ability of a material to elicit an appropriate biological response. Dental materials must not be harmful, toxic, carcinogenic, or allergenic. Biocompatibility is evaluated through primary, secondary, and usage tests involving cell cultures, animals, and human clinical trials. The summary discusses the various tests conducted on different dental materials like metals, ceramics, polymers, and how their composition and interactions in the oral cavity impact biocompatibility.
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Similar to Amalgam
Amalgam
This document discusses the history and composition of dental amalgam. It describes the three "amalgam wars" where the safety of amalgam was debated. Amalgam is an alloy of silver, tin, copper and sometimes other metals like zinc. The document outlines the different generations of amalgam alloys and how composition affects properties. High copper alloys aim to improve strength and corrosion resistance over traditional low copper alloys. Both admixed and unicompositional high copper alloys are discussed in terms of their microstructure and reaction with mercury during setting. The physical properties of dimensional stability, strength and corrosion resistance are also summarized.
Alloys for pfm crown &bridg /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...
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Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.Alloys for pfm /cosmetic dentistry training
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Posterior restorations.....
This document provides information on various types of posterior dental restorations including amalgam, glass ionomer cements, and composites. It discusses the composition, classification, setting reactions, properties, and applications of each material type. For amalgam, it describes the different alloy classifications and compositions as well as the setting reactions for low copper versus high copper alloys. For glass ionomer cements, it outlines the components, setting reactions, classifications including for luting, restorative, and liner/base applications, and properties including thermal compatibility and anticariogenicity from fluoride release. Examples of applications for glass ionomer cements include the sandwich technique, pit and fissure sealants, tunnel preparations, and core buildups.
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Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Pocelains/ dental crown & bridge courses
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Pocelains/ orthodontic straight wire technique
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Amalgam Fillings
This document discusses dental amalgam fillings. Amalgam is a metallic filling composed of mercury and an alloy powder containing mostly silver, tin, zinc, and copper. It is cost-effective and strong but contains mercury, which is toxic, and the aesthetic appearance is not ideal. The alloy powder and mercury are mixed to form a paste that is condensed into a tooth cavity. The material sets via chemical reactions between the alloy particles and mercury. Modern amalgams contain less mercury and gamma phase 2 to improve properties like strength and reduce corrosion. Amalgam has advantages like ease of use and strength but disadvantages such as aesthetics, toxicity from mercury, and lack of tooth structure reinforcement.
DENTAL AMALGAM/prosthodontic courses
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Dental Amalgam: Part 1
Dental amalgam is a dental restorative material made of a mixture of metals like silver, tin, and copper combined with mercury. It has been used for over 175 years due to its durability, ease of use, and low cost. While amalgam restorations were previously widely used, their use has declined by 45% in the last 20 years due to concerns about safety and aesthetics. Modern high-copper amalgam alloys are considered safe and have better strength and corrosion resistance than older low-copper formulations. When the alloy particles are mixed with mercury, a chemical reaction called amalgamation occurs, forming the dental amalgam used in restorations.
DENTAL MATERIALS IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY.pptx
This document discusses various dental materials used in pediatric dentistry, including bases and liners like calcium hydroxide and glass ionomer cements, cavity varnishes, dentin bonding agents, restorative materials like silver amalgam and glass ionomer cement, sealants, and cements. It provides details on the composition, properties, indications, advantages and disadvantages of these materials.
Direct filling gold
One of the oldest filling material among all restorative materials available. Nobel metal filling, which do not undergo Tarnish & Corrosion & having good Biocompatibility.
Classification
foil, electrolytic precipitate & powder gold.
cohesive &non-cohesive form
manipulation
annealing / degassing
Compaction
indication
contraindicatioin
advantage
disadvantages.
Amalgam
The document discusses technical considerations of silver amalgam, including its classification, components, setting reaction, manipulation, and clinical use. It describes amalgam as an alloy made by mixing mercury with silver-tin alloy plus copper and sometimes zinc. Ideal amalgam properties include high strength, creep resistance, and marginal adaptation. Spherical high copper alloys are commonly used due to their advantages over other types. Proper selection of alloy properties and manipulation techniques such as trituration and condensation influence amalgam performance.
Dental amalgam - Recent advances
Dental amalgam is an alloy used in dental fillings that consists of liquid mercury and a powdered alloy mixture of silver, tin, and copper. It has been used since the 1830s as a dental restorative material. Newer advances include high copper amalgam, bonded amalgam, and gallium-based alloys as alternatives that aim to reduce mercury levels while maintaining strength and durability. However, the use of amalgam remains controversial due to concerns about mercury toxicity.
Dental amalgam - Recent advances.ppt
Dental amalgam is an alloy used in dental fillings that consists of liquid mercury and a powdered alloy mixture of silver, tin, and copper. It has been used since the 1830s as a dental restorative material. Newer advances include high copper amalgam, bonded amalgam, and gallium-based alloys as alternatives that aim to reduce mercury levels while maintaining strength and durability. However, the use of amalgam remains controversial due to concerns about mercury toxicity.
Seminar o nm aterial enginering
The document summarizes key information about three materials: aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, and diamond. It discusses their crystal structures, properties like hardness and thermal conductivity, common processing methods, and applications. Aluminum oxide is used as an abrasive and refractory material. Silicon carbide is very hard and used for abrasives, armor, and power electronics. Diamond is the hardest known material and used in drilling, cutting, and jewelry due to its optical properties.
ALLOYS FOR PFM.ppt
This document summarizes the classification of alloys used for metal ceramic restorations according to the American Dental Association (ADA). It discusses the different categories of alloys - high noble, noble, and predominantly base metal alloys. Details are provided on common alloy compositions within each category, along with their advantages and disadvantages. The document also discusses soldering techniques and considerations for fixed partial dentures.
dental amalgam restorative materials of silver alloys
silver mercury alloys are commonly used restorative materials in dentry. they are one of the self sealing long lasting restorative material in dentistry
dental material Amalgam
This document discusses dental amalgam, including its history, composition, properties, and clinical use. Amalgam is an alloy of mercury and another metal, most commonly silver, tin, and copper. It has been used in dentistry since the 1830s due to its low cost, ease of use, and durability. The document describes the chemical reactions that occur during amalgamation and how different alloy compositions affect properties like strength, corrosion resistance, and creep. Clinical factors like manipulation techniques and early finishing are also reviewed.
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dental amalgam restorative materials of silver alloys
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CASE HISTORY
This document provides an overview of how to take a case history for a dental patient. It discusses the importance of gathering demographic data, chief complaints, medical history, dental history and conducting examinations. The key components of a case history are outlined, including the steps of taking a history, examining the patient, making a provisional diagnosis, conducting investigations, reaching a final diagnosis and developing a treatment plan. Taking a thorough case history is important for understanding the patient's condition, making an accurate diagnosis and determining an effective treatment approach.
LUTING CEMENTS
The document discusses various dental luting agents used for cementing crowns and fixed dental prostheses. It describes the properties and characteristics of conventional water-based luting agents like zinc phosphate cement, zinc oxide eugenol cement, polycarboxylate cement and glass ionomer cement. It also discusses resin-based luting agents like resin cement, resin-modified glass ionomer cement and compomers. No single luting agent is ideal for all situations and the clinician must select the appropriate agent based on the clinical scenario, taking into account factors like strength, solubility, bonding and biocompatibility.
DENTAL CARIES
This document discusses dental caries (cavities), including definitions, causes, classifications, and treatments. It defines dental caries as an irreversible microbial disease that leads to tooth demineralization and decay. Key causes mentioned are bacteria, snacking on sugary foods, and poor oral hygiene. Caries are classified in various ways, such as by anatomical site (occlusal, root), progression (acute, chronic), extent (incipient, cavitation), and number of tooth surfaces involved (simple, complex). The document also discusses theories of caries etiology and lists factors that affect caries formation. Treatments mentioned include fluoride, fillings, crowns, root canals, and tooth extractions for
ZOE -ZINC OXIDE EUGENOL
Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cement has been used in dentistry since the 1890s. It is available as a powder and liquid that are mixed together. The setting reaction involves a reaction between zinc oxide and eugenol to form zinc eugenolate. ZOE cement has low strength but is the least irritating to dental pulp. It is used for temporary fillings, cementing restorations, and as a pulp capping material due to its analgesic properties. Modifications have been made to improve its strength. ZOE has good biocompatibility but eugenol can cause allergic reactions in some individuals.
Bleaching in Dentistry
The document discusses the history and techniques of tooth bleaching. It notes that early attempts in the 19th century used highly dangerous caustic materials. By the late 1800s, oxidizing agents like hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, and chlorine began to be used. In the 1960s, techniques were developed where bleaching agents were placed directly into pulp chambers of non-vital teeth for weeks, called "walking bleaches". Later techniques in the 1990s combined internal placement of agents with external bleaching trays to bleach from both inside and outside simultaneously. The document traces the evolution of bleaching from dangerous early methods to safer modern techniques.
Journal -Effect of time on tooth dehydration and rehydration
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2019;1–6
Journal -Effect of time on tooth dehydration and rehydration
Received: 3 February 2019 Revised: 7 February 2019 Accepted: 10 February 2019 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12461
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKING in Dentistry
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKING.
FIRST STEP TO KNOWLEDGE IS TO KNOW THAT we are ignorant
Knowledge in medical field is characterized by uncertanity and vagueness
Historically as well as currently this fact remains a motivation for the development of medical decision support system are based on fuzzy logics
Greek philosopher visualized a basic model of brain function as early as 300 bc
Till date nervous system is not completely understood to human kind.
Curcumin—A Natural Medicament for Root Canal Disinfection: Effects of Irrigat...
Curcumin—A Natural Medicament for Root Canal Disinfection: Effects of Irrigation, Drug Release, and Photoactivation
Julian M. Sotomil, DMD, MSD,*Eliseu A. M€nchow, DDS, MSc,PhD,†DivyaPankajakshan,PhD,‡Kenneth J. Spolnik, DDS,MSD,§Jessica A.Ferreira, DDS,MSc, PhD,kRichard L. Gregory,PhD,‡and Marco C. Bottino,DDS, MSc, PhDk
JOE � Volume -2, Number -, - 2019
DR.Athul Chandra.M
Iid year postgraduate
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The document discusses biofilms in endodontics. It defines a biofilm as bacteria embedded in an extracellular matrix on a surface. In endodontics, biofilms can form on root canal walls (intracanal biofilms) and on root surfaces (extraradicular biofilms). Enterococcus faecalis is strongly associated with endodontic infections and has a unique ability to form biofilms that resist calcium hydroxide dressings. Current therapeutic options for removing endodontic biofilms, such as various irrigation systems, are discussed but eradicating the biofilm completely remains a challenge.
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This document discusses indirect composite restorations such as inlays and onlays. It begins by defining these terms and discussing indications, contraindications, and materials used. It then covers different classification systems for indirect composites based on fabrication method, curing method, and generation. Various commercial composite systems are described. The document discusses advantages like improved physical properties over direct composites, as well as disadvantages like increased time and cost. Fabrication techniques include direct, semidirect, and indirect methods. Steps for cavity preparation and cementation of indirect composites are outlined.
Forces acting on restoration
This document discusses various biomechanical considerations that are important for restorative dentistry. It covers topics like the forces acting on teeth, stress patterns on different types of teeth, weak areas of teeth, and mechanical properties of dental materials. It emphasizes the importance of understanding stress transfer and how restorations can impact this. It also addresses obtaining resistance form for tooth structures and occlusal considerations when restoring teeth. The overall goal is to design restorations that can withstand biting forces and minimize stress on remaining tooth structures.
journal club -article
The study compared the amount of apically extruded debris during mechanical preparation of oval root canals using either a full-sequence self-adjusting file (SAF) system or a rotary file system supplemented by an XP-endo finisher file. Sixty teeth were instrumented using the two techniques and debris was collected and weighed. The rotary file system with XP-endo finisher extruded significantly more debris than the full SAF sequence. Both techniques resulted in apical extrusion but the SAF system extruded less debris, suggesting it may help reduce postoperative inflammation.
Nuclear Magnification Resonance Imaging
MRI has the potential to visualize both hard and soft dental tissues and differentiate between them, allowing for the detection of pathological and anatomical features not visible through other imaging modalities. A review of literature found that MRI can clearly image dental anatomy, detect dental caries, evaluate endodontic anatomy and periapical lesions, and assess endodontic treatment outcomes. Future applications of MRI in endodontics include evaluating pulp remnants after treatment and assessing perfusion and vitality.
cleaning and shaping of root canal therapy
The document discusses various techniques for root canal preparation and shaping. It describes the objectives of cleaning and shaping, which include removing infected tissue, providing space for disinfectants and filling materials, and retaining tooth structure. Several instrumentation techniques are covered, such as step-back preparation, which involves incrementally reducing the working length, and anticurvature filing, which shapes the canal away from thin root sections. The document also addresses other methods like standardized preparation and considerations for curved canals.
incidence of root resorption; Journal club
This document summarizes a meta-analysis on the incidence of root resorption after replantation of avulsed teeth. It finds that the incidence of root resorption is high, with replacement root resorption being the most common at 51%, followed by inflammatory root resorption at 23.2% and surface root resorption at 13.3%. Internal root resorption is relatively rare at 1.2%. The studies showed maxillary incisors were most affected and that the risk of different types of root resorption depended on factors like the stage of root development and treatment of the tooth. Limitations included heterogeneity between studies and lack of standardization.
The Rationale of Enodontics
This document discusses the rationale for endodontic therapy and periradicular healing. It begins by explaining that the rationale for endodontic therapy is to completely debride and seal the root canal system through non-surgical or surgical means. This achieves a fluid-tight seal and removes the source of infection, allowing periradicular tissues to heal. Several theories are discussed relating to the spread of infection and zones of reaction in periradicular tissues. Complete elimination of irritants from the root canal through treatment is necessary for periradicular healing to occur over several months. Factors like technical quality of the root filling and ability to clean the entire root canal influence healing outcomes.
muscles of mastication
This document discusses the muscles of mastication. It begins by defining mastication and describing the development of muscles from embryonic tissues. The primary muscles of mastication - masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid, and medial pterygoid - are then described in detail, including their origins, insertions, nerve/blood supply, and actions. Secondary muscles like the digastric, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid that assist in mastication are also outlined. The document concludes that the masticatory system requires precise muscle movement to effectively move the teeth during function.
Amylodosis
by post graduates from Maratha Mandal's NathajiRao Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgavi.
A step wise presentation of Amylodosis covering,
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
HISTORY
PHYSICAL NATURE
CHEMICAL NATURE
CLASSIFICATION
PATHOGENESIS
STAINING CHARACTERISTICS
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
MORPHOLOGY
CLINICAL FEATURES
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
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Amalgam
- 7. 1895 To overcome expansion problems G.V. Black developed a formula for modern amalgam alloy 67% silver, 27% tin, 5% copper, 1% zinc
- 13. Spheroidal
- 25. Part two
- 36. the setting reaction begins with dissolution of silver and tin into liquid mercury; most of the product phases precipitate in the liquid mercury. As can be seen from the reaction, not all of the alloy particles dissolve in the mercury. On the contrary, a considerable amount remains, so that the final structure is one of a core of γ held together by a matrix of predominantly γ1, which is interspersed with γ2.
- 37. a core of γ held together by a matrix of predominantly γ1, which is interspersed with γ2.
- 50. traditional dental amalgams suffer from a lack of strength and excessive creep and corrosion.
- 52. ADVANCES IN AMALGAM • GALLIUM ALOYS • BONDED AMALGAM • FLOURIDATED AMALGAM • CONSOLIDATED SILVER ALLOY • LOW MERCURY ALLOY • INDIUM CONTAINING
- 53. GALLIUM ALLOYS • Gallium is used to replace mercury & make mercury free alloy. • Gallium has lowest melting point • Unique property increased wetting – evenly on the tooth surface. Advantages Good compressive strength Less creep Good wettability Rapid solidification Disadvantages • sticky • Corrodes easily • Extremely technique sensitive • Expensive • Excessive expansion even after setting
- 54. FLOURIDATED AMALGAM • Flourine – cariostatic • Objective : to solve recurrent caries.
- 55. CONSOLIDATED SILVER ALLOY • Ag-Sn particles of amalgam are coated with silver. • Mercury free • Patented by ADA-NIST (AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECH) Disadvantages difficult to condense Internal voids present Poor adaptation to walls
- 56. LOW MERCURY AMALGAM • Mercury reduced by 15-20%
- 57. INDIUM CONTAINING • AIM : To reduce mercury vapours from amalgam • Powell added pure indium to high copper amlagm
- 58. BONDED AMALGAM • 1897 BALDWIN TECHNIQUE : ZnPO4 / GIC applied as base and condense amalgam before it sets. • 1978 ZAIDIACKER TECHNIQUE : • ZnPolycarboxylate + Silver alloy particles indications • short tooth clinically • Foundation for full crowns • For extra retention • In extensive caries in posteriors • In conservative preparations