Van Wyk classifies words into different parts of speech such as nouns, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, interjections, and others. Nouns can take prefixes and suffixes to change their meaning. Pronouns are classified based on their construction. Van Wyk also discusses how words can function in different ways within sentences such as being movable, replaceable, and able to stand alone. Words are building blocks that convey meaning based on their sounds, spelling, and arrangement. Van Wyk's framework provides a way to systematically analyze and understand how words work in language.

1. Ukuhlelwa kwamagama

2. Impokophelo
Ngemuva kwalesi sifundo kulindeleke ukuthi bazi lokhu:
• Ukuhlela amagama ngokwendlela kaVan Wyk
• Kumele abafundi bakwazi ukuhlukanisa amagama ngokwezingcezu
zawo.
• Kumele bakwazi ukubheka indlela amagama asebenza ngayo
emshweni.

3. Amagama
• Igama yingxenye noma yisakhiwo esithile esibenza nesinye kumbe
nezinye ukwakha igama eliphelele.
• Amagama ahlukene ngezindlela ezihlukene, lokho kudalwa
wumqondo osuke ewuqukethe kanye nesakhiwo sakhona.

4. Amagama
• Igama yindlela esetshenziswayo ukuqamba izinto ezithile. Igama
kufanele linikeze umqondo, noma lihlukaniseke ngokwezakhi
ezithile, eziletha umqondo egameni ngokubanzi/eliphelele.
• Ngokwabacwaningi igama lithathwa njengegama uma likwazi
ukucutshungulwa kusetshenziswa imikhakha emine yolimi.

5. Amagama
• UVan Wyk amagama uwahlukanisa kanjena:
• Ibizo (noun): imbuzi, itshali, incwadi
• Isabizwana (pronoun): yona, lona, yona
• Isandiso (adverb): kabi, emini, kude
• Isenzo (verb): hleka, phuza, shesha
• Isibabazo (interjection): Mameshane! Hawu! Habe!
• Isenzukuthi (ideophone): ngqi, shwi, bhalakaxa
• Isibanjalo sokukhomba (copulative demonstrative): yilezo, ngulowo, yilaba
• Igama elingakwazi ukuzimela (particle word)
• Na, nga, yi, li

6. Amagama
• Amagama angenhla akhombisa indlela yokuhlukanisa amagama
ngokononina. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi indlela ahlonzwe ngayo
kusetshenziswe imikhakha yolimi. Isibonelo onke amagama aziwa
ngokuthi ngamabizo, asebenzisa indlela eyodwa uma ehlukaniswa
ngokwemofoloji.

7. Amagama
• Imofoloji yebizo ithi, ibizo lakhiwa yisiqalo nesiqu. Onke amabizo anelizi
zakhi.
• Umuntu = umu+ntu
• Isitsha= isi+tsha
• Inja= in+ja
• Kuyenzeka ke ibizo lifake izijobelelo. Lokhu kushintsha umqondo
wegama. Isibonelo
• Umuntu+ana= umntwana
• Isithembu+ana=isithenjana
• Umfo+kazi=umfokazi

8. Amagama
• Nesabizwana naso sihlukaniseka ngendlela efanayo. Umehluko
kuba ukuthi hlobo luni lwesabizwana olwakhiwayo. Isibonelo
isabizwana soqobo sisebenzisa isivumelwano esebizo bese
sihlanganiswa nonkamisa u-o kujotshelelwe u-na. kanti isabizwana
sokubala sihlanganisa isakhi ula kanye nesivumelwano sebizo.
Izibonelo
• U+e+na= yena/wena
• Ba+o+na=bona
• li+o+na= lona

9. Amagama
• Amagama angakwazi ukuzimela atholakala esiZulwini yilawa:
• U-na oyisakhi sokuhlobanisa/igama elingakwazi ukuzimela elikhomba
ukuhlobanisa
• Nginamahloni.
• Kuneqatha elilodwa elisele ebhodweni.
• Izakhi zesifaniso/zokuqhathanisa:
• BangangoZulu eya eMakheni.
• Liqine njengetshe ikhanda lakhe.
• Bamlahlise okwenyongo yenyathi.

10. Amagama
• Isakhi esikhombisa ukuthi into yenziwa ngani:
• Ushaya ingede ngoju.
• Inkomo ihlatshwe ngommese.
• Isakhi esikhomba ubunikazi/ubumnini
• Isango lenyuvesi
• Usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa.

11. Amagama
• Isakhi sikandaweni
• Kwaninalume eDududu
• Ngisaya kubaba.
• Isakhi/igama elikhomba ukuyalela (hortative)
• Ake niyeke umsindo
• Ake sithi shelele.
• Isakhi sesibanjalo
• Uyinsizwa njalo.
• Kuyintonjana nakho bo!
• Bangabafana

12. Amagama
• UVan Wyk usebenzisa amazinga/imikhakha yokucwaningwa
kwezilimi ukuhlonza amagama: Ifonoloji (umkhakha ogxile
emisindweni), Imofoloji (umkhakha ogxile ekwakhiweni
kwamagama), Isemanthiksi (umkhakha ogxile ekulandelaneni
kwamagama/kwezakhi emshweni/egameni)

13. Amagama
• UVan Wyk uwehlukanisa kanjena amagama:
• Ibizo (noun): isitha, isitsha, umuntu
• Isabizwana (pronoun): sona, zona, yena
• Isandiso (adverb): kahle, ekuseni, kude
• Isenzo (verb): dlala, thela, thinta
• Isibabazo (interjection): halala! Hawu! Habe!

14. Amagama
• Isenzukuthi (ideophone): ngqi, khilikithi, mimiliti
• Isibanjalo sokukhomba (copulative demonstrative): yilezi,
ngulowo, yilona
• Igama elingakwazi ukuzimela (particle word)
• Uma izinyawo zinkulu bayaphela osayizi. / Uma izinyawo ziba
nkulu bayaphela osayizi
• Uma umkhulu kakhulu izifo zisheshe zikungene. / Uma uba mkhulu
kakhulu izifo zisheshe zikungene. [This occurs mainly with the
verb be]

15. Amagama
• Izibonelo zamagama angakwazi ukuzimela: yinja; nginamahloni,
njenga-, nganga-, okwa-
• ngokukaVan Wyk isibanjalo, isiphawulo, isibaluli, inani kanye
nongumnini akuwona amagama kodwa yiqoqo lamagama.
• Okuphawulekayo uVan Wyk ubuye afake isibanjalo sokukhomba
kanje namagama angakwazi ukuzimela (particle words).

16. Amagama
• UVan Wyk uphinde athi amagama angasebenza ngalezi zindlela
ezine:
• Igama liyakwazi ukusuka endaweni ethile emshweni liye kwenye
indawo (transposability):
• Umfana udlala ibhola.
• Udlala ibhola umfana.
• Umfana ibhola uyalidlala.
• Ibhola umfana uyalidlala.

17. Amagama
• Separability: Igama liyehlukaniseka ngokufaka elinye phakathi
kwamagama.
• USipho uthanda imicimbi./ USipho yena uthanda imicimbi.
• UShabalala akasafuni ukudlalela iChiefs./ UShabalala impela
akasafuni ukudlalela iChiefs. / UShabalala akasafuni ngempela
ukudlalela iChiefs.

18. Amagama
• Replaceability: Ungakwazi ukufaka igama esikhundleni selinye
igama. (Isabizwana ngesinye sezibonelo sale ndlela yokuhlonza
amagama). Ake sibheke nazi ezinye:
• Uma amakhiwane emahle kakhulu asuke esebolile.
• Uma amakhiwane eba mahle kakhulu asuke esebolile.

19. Amagama
• Isolatability: Igama liyakwazi ukuzimela gelekeqe ngaphandle
kokuncika kwelinye. Nasi isibonelo:
• Ubaba ubehlabeni ngempelasonto? Inkukhu.
• Umama uyephi? Esontweni.

20. Amagama
• Igama elaziwa njengebizo lingasebenza ngalezi zindlela emshweni:
• Njengomenzi/nhloko
Umama ukha Amanzi
Umfana udlala ibhola
Umzala ufunda incwadi

21. Amagama
Lingasebenza njengomenziwa
Umama ukha amanzi
Umfana udlala ibhola
Ingane idla ukudla
Lingasebenza njengondaweni:
Umama uye emsebenzini
Umfana usesontweni
Ugogo usemthonjeni

22. Amagama
Lingasebenza ukusekela igama elingakwazi ukuzimela:
• UBuhle uhambe nomama
• Umalume uye kumkhulu
• Isilo singangezwe laso

23. Amagama
• Usobizo uqukethe isabizwana
• Sona singasebenza ngalezi zindlela:
Singalandela ibizo:
Umama yena uhambile
Umalume yena ukhona
Abafundi bona bayabhala

24. Amagama
• Singandulela ibizo:
Yena umkhulu uyadla
Wona Amanzi awekho
Bona abebala bafikile

25. Amagama
• Singalandelana nezinye:
Ngifuna bona bodwa.
Bona bonke abekho
Sidlala nabo bodwa

26. Ngiyabonga!!!