Alzheimer's and Epilepsy pathophysiology
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•12 views
The brief description of Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy..the main focus on the genetic and pathophysiology of the disease . The only diagrammatic view of the pathogenesis of the Alzheimer's disease and Epilepsy. The both are neurological diseases and we need to know the basic pathogenesis behind these diseases .
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. In its early stages, memory loss is mild, but with late-stage Alzheimer's, individuals lose the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to their environment.
Alzheimers Disease
1. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline, and is the most common form of dementia.
2. It results from an increase in beta-amyloid proteins in the brain that leads to nerve cell death. The disease is incurable and causes impairment in memory, reasoning, language, and perception.
3. Risk factors include age over 65, genetics, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and mild cognitive impairment. The disease is characterized by two lesions - neuritic plaques containing beta-amyloid protein and neurofibrillary tangles containing tau protein.
nasim badarna - demyelinating disease
neurological disorders of demyelination, for generalized idea as a seminar work for university, department of pathophysiolog.
for more information feel free to contact me
3429390.ppt
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. The pathogenesis involves damage to brain regions critical for memory and cognition. Key pathologies include amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. The disease results from complex interactions between aging, genetic risk factors like the ApoE4 allele, and environmental factors. While aging is the biggest risk factor, AD results from a disease process causing irreversible neural damage and cell death. Currently, there are no effective treatments to cure or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
alzheimersdisease-131223005434-phpapp01.pdf
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 after examining brain tissue from a deceased patient. The causes are not fully known but include genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms include memory loss, confusion, and problems with language and judgment. Diagnosis involves medical exams and brain scans. Currently, there is no cure, but medications and caregiving can temporarily improve symptoms. The prognosis is a gradual decline in functioning over several years leading to an inability to care for oneself.
Alzheimer's disease
This document summarizes information about Alzheimer's disease from a student paper, including descriptions of symptoms, causes, pathophysiology and treatment options. It discusses how Alzheimer's is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing dementia. Key pathological features are amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Current treatments aim to improve cognitive symptoms and include cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil for mild-moderate cases and memantine for moderate-severe cases. Several drug trials are also mentioned.
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder that causes brain cells to degenerate and die. It is the most common cause of dementia — a continuous decline in thinking, behavioral and social skills that disrupts a person's ability to function independently.
AD is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and it is clinically defined by a slowly progressing loss of cognitive functions, primarily memory impairment.
alzheimersdisease final.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from examining brain tissue of a deceased patient. The causes are unknown but risk factors include age, family history, and head injuries. Pathologically, it involves the buildup of beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain which destroy connections between neurons. There is no cure and the prognosis is a gradual worsening of symptoms ultimately leading to death, on average within 7-10 years of diagnosis.
Recommended
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. In its early stages, memory loss is mild, but with late-stage Alzheimer's, individuals lose the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to their environment.
Alzheimers Disease
1. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline, and is the most common form of dementia.
2. It results from an increase in beta-amyloid proteins in the brain that leads to nerve cell death. The disease is incurable and causes impairment in memory, reasoning, language, and perception.
3. Risk factors include age over 65, genetics, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and mild cognitive impairment. The disease is characterized by two lesions - neuritic plaques containing beta-amyloid protein and neurofibrillary tangles containing tau protein.
nasim badarna - demyelinating disease
neurological disorders of demyelination, for generalized idea as a seminar work for university, department of pathophysiolog.
for more information feel free to contact me
3429390.ppt
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. The pathogenesis involves damage to brain regions critical for memory and cognition. Key pathologies include amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. The disease results from complex interactions between aging, genetic risk factors like the ApoE4 allele, and environmental factors. While aging is the biggest risk factor, AD results from a disease process causing irreversible neural damage and cell death. Currently, there are no effective treatments to cure or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
alzheimersdisease-131223005434-phpapp01.pdf
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 after examining brain tissue from a deceased patient. The causes are not fully known but include genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms include memory loss, confusion, and problems with language and judgment. Diagnosis involves medical exams and brain scans. Currently, there is no cure, but medications and caregiving can temporarily improve symptoms. The prognosis is a gradual decline in functioning over several years leading to an inability to care for oneself.
Alzheimer's disease
This document summarizes information about Alzheimer's disease from a student paper, including descriptions of symptoms, causes, pathophysiology and treatment options. It discusses how Alzheimer's is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing dementia. Key pathological features are amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Current treatments aim to improve cognitive symptoms and include cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil for mild-moderate cases and memantine for moderate-severe cases. Several drug trials are also mentioned.
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder that causes brain cells to degenerate and die. It is the most common cause of dementia — a continuous decline in thinking, behavioral and social skills that disrupts a person's ability to function independently.
AD is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and it is clinically defined by a slowly progressing loss of cognitive functions, primarily memory impairment.
alzheimersdisease final.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from examining brain tissue of a deceased patient. The causes are unknown but risk factors include age, family history, and head injuries. Pathologically, it involves the buildup of beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain which destroy connections between neurons. There is no cure and the prognosis is a gradual worsening of symptoms ultimately leading to death, on average within 7-10 years of diagnosis.
ALZHIMER DISEASE ANKIT.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from examining brain tissue of a deceased patient. The main characteristics are plaques and tangles within the brain tissue that are linked to loss of connections between neurons. Risk factors include age, family history, and genetic factors. Symptoms include memory loss, problems with language, and mood changes. There is no cure currently, but medications and caregiving can temporarily improve symptoms.
Alzhmier's Disease.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that destroys memory and cognitive skills. It is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. The disease is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain that lead to loss of connections between neurons. This results in memory loss, problems with thinking and reasoning, and behavioral issues. A diagnosis involves medical exams, cognitive tests, and brain imaging to rule out other potential causes. While there is no cure, current treatments can temporarily slow the worsening of symptoms.
Alzheimerdisease and apoptosis
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills. It results from abnormal buildup of proteins in the brain that cause nerve cell death. Risk increases with age and family history. Symptoms start with mild memory loss and worsen over time, eventually causing severe brain damage. The only way to definitively diagnose is through brain autopsy. Currently, there is no cure and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and slowing progression.
Alzheimer disease
1) Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative brain disorder and the most common form of dementia that usually starts in late middle age or old age, resulting in progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, and disorientation.
2) It is a chronic and irreversible disease that affects brain cells and causes impairment of intellectual functioning, destroying the ability to reason, remember, imagine and learn over time.
3) The causes of Alzheimer's disease are unknown but several factors have been implicated including environmental factors like smoking, infections, and toxins as well as genetic and immunological factors.
Alzheimers disease by Ritika soni
Ms. Ritika Soni presented on Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline. It was first described by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from examining a patient with unusual brain abnormalities. The causes are not fully known but risk factors include age, family history, and head injuries. Diagnosis involves cognitive assessments and brain imaging. Currently, there is no cure, but medications and caregiving can temporarily improve symptoms.
Neurodegenerative disorders
This document discusses several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It explains that many neurodegenerative diseases are caused by genetic mutations, most involving a repeat of the CAG nucleotide triplet encoding glutamine. These diseases are characterized by protein misfolding and aggregation leading to damage of neuronal cells and circuitry. Common mechanisms include the formation of plaques like beta-amyloid in Alzheimer's or Lewy bodies containing alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. The diseases result in progressive neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death over time.
Alzheimer's__CHANDAN.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurologic disorder that causes the brain to shrink and brain cells to die, destroying neurons and their connections in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. It is characterized by memory loss, impaired thinking and reasoning, difficulty making judgments and decisions, and problems planning and performing familiar tasks. While the amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that deposition of amyloid beta protein causes Alzheimer's pathology and symptoms, evidence also links tau tangles in neurons to neuronal loss and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, which is fatal and not simply a normal part of aging.
Alzheimer's Disease
This document provides an overview of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It begins with an introduction describing AD as a progressive brain disorder and the most common cause of dementia. It then discusses the origin of AD, first described by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from a patient named Auguste D. The document covers stages and symptoms of AD, causes including genetic and environmental factors, pathology involving plaque and tangle formation, diagnosis methods, current drug treatments, and concludes that while current drugs can temporarily improve cognition, new treatments are still needed to stop progression of the disease.
Alzheimer's disease.pptx
Complete pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease for B.Pharm and D.Pharm Students and also for medical students.
Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Pharmacological and Non Pharmacological Treatments.
D.Pharm Students, B.Pharm Students, Pharmacoogy and Medical Students.
Alzheimer's disease
Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease
Introduction
History
Risk factors
Pathophysiology
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Non pharmacological treatment
Drugs used in treatment of Alzheimer`s
Recent advances
Screening methods
Summary
References
Biochemistry of Alzheimers disease
1) Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys cognitive functions through gradual impairment of higher intellectual functions and severe cortical dysfunction, leading to memory loss and aphasia.
2) The biochemical hallmarks of Alzheimer's are beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles involving the tau protein. Beta-amyloid plaques accumulate outside and around nerve cells, while neurofibrillary tangles are twisted fibers that build up inside nerve cells.
3) The formation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles can affect neighboring cells and lead to more cell death, resulting in massive cell death in the brain and causing the memory failure and other symptoms
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
Autoimmune disorders of the nervous system can attack the central nervous system (CNS), Autoimmune disorders affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system.) which includes the brain and spinal cord, or the peripheral nervous system, consisting of nerves that connect the CNS with the limbs and organs.
The most common disorders are multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis.
Autoimmune nervous system disorders include:
Multiple sclerosis
Myasthenia gravis
Guillain-Barré syndrome. (GB Syndrome)
Anti alzheimer agent
1) Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills, and is the most common cause of dementia.
2) It is characterized by beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain that disrupt communication between neurons.
3) Current treatments aim to improve symptoms but do not stop the progression of the disease. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are the most common drug therapies to improve cognitive function.
Alzheimer disease
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of neurons in specific brain regions. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and results from the loss of neurons in the hippocampus and cortex, leading to impairments in memory and cognitive ability. The hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. Risk factors for the disease are unknown but it is associated with brain shrinkage and neuronal loss, particularly in the hippocampus and basal forebrain. Symptoms include confusion, memory loss, impaired judgment, and personality changes.
Brain Damage [The Complete Picture]
Brain damage, also known as brain injury, can be either traumatic or acquired. Traumatic brain injuries are caused by external forces and can include concussions, contusions, or penetrating injuries. Acquired brain injuries have non-traumatic causes such as stroke, tumor, infection, or lack of oxygen. The primary injury damages brain cells directly while secondary injuries cause further neural dysfunction through inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and the release of immune molecules. This leads to neurological deficits that impair functions like cognition, movement, and consciousness state. States of altered consciousness after brain injury include coma, vegetative state, locked-in syndrome, and brain stem death.
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal neuronal activity in the brain. Seizures can have various presentations depending on the affected brain region. Epilepsy has genetic and acquired causes such as brain injuries, tumors, or infections. Diagnosis involves tests like EEG, MRI, and bloodwork to identify structural or metabolic abnormalities. Treatment focuses on medications, dietary changes, surgery, or devices like vagus nerve stimulators to reduce or eliminate seizures. Identifying a patient's epilepsy syndrome provides guidance on determining causes and appropriate treatments.
Neurological Aspects of Lightning and Electrical Injuries
This document discusses the neurological aspects of lightning and electrical injuries. It summarizes Cherington's classification of immediate transient symptoms, immediate prolonged symptoms, and delayed neurological syndromes. It then covers clinical presentations involving the central nervous system, cranial nerves, autonomic functions, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and neuropsychological symptoms. The pathophysiology includes direct electrical damage, thermal damage, tissue separation, ischemic changes, and circulating neurohumoral actions. Treatment involves antidepressants, anti-neuropathic drugs, and potential agents targeting nitric oxide, glutamate, cortisol and antioxidants.
Central nervous system 2
This document summarizes several demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system. It describes multiple sclerosis as an autoimmune disorder characterized by distinct episodes of neurological deficits separated in time and space, affecting women twice as frequently as men, with peak onset between childhood and age 50. Parkinson's disease is discussed as resulting from loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor symptoms like tremors and rigidity, with Lewy bodies containing alpha-synuclein found in remaining neurons. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, with pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein.
Therapeutic targets for alzheimer
The document discusses Alzheimer's disease (AD), including its causes, symptoms, pathogenesis, and treatment approaches. It begins by defining AD as a progressive brain disease that destroys memory and cognitive abilities. Risk factors include age, family history, head trauma, and genetic factors. Symptoms start with mild memory loss and eventually lead to severe cognitive decline and inability for self-care. The pathogenesis involves beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles resulting from tau protein abnormalities. Current treatments target symptoms but not the underlying disease process, and focus on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, vaccines, and antioxidants. Research continues on disease-modifying therapies such as inhibiting amyloid formation or tau phosphorylation.
Neurological syndromes in canine
This document discusses commonly occurring neurological syndromes in dogs and their management. It outlines several syndromes including canine distemper, rabies, wobbler syndrome, Leigh syndrome, and canine epilepsy. For each syndrome it describes the causative agent, characteristic signs and symptoms. It also discusses general techniques for diagnosing neurological disorders and managing the conditions, which may include treatment of infection, decompression surgery, or central nervous system depressants. The owner is advised to provide a safe environment for the dog during and after a seizure and record details to share with the veterinarian.
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
More Related Content
Similar to Alzheimer's and Epilepsy pathophysiology
ALZHIMER DISEASE ANKIT.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from examining brain tissue of a deceased patient. The main characteristics are plaques and tangles within the brain tissue that are linked to loss of connections between neurons. Risk factors include age, family history, and genetic factors. Symptoms include memory loss, problems with language, and mood changes. There is no cure currently, but medications and caregiving can temporarily improve symptoms.
Alzhmier's Disease.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that destroys memory and cognitive skills. It is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. The disease is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain that lead to loss of connections between neurons. This results in memory loss, problems with thinking and reasoning, and behavioral issues. A diagnosis involves medical exams, cognitive tests, and brain imaging to rule out other potential causes. While there is no cure, current treatments can temporarily slow the worsening of symptoms.
Alzheimerdisease and apoptosis
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills. It results from abnormal buildup of proteins in the brain that cause nerve cell death. Risk increases with age and family history. Symptoms start with mild memory loss and worsen over time, eventually causing severe brain damage. The only way to definitively diagnose is through brain autopsy. Currently, there is no cure and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and slowing progression.
Alzheimer disease
1) Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative brain disorder and the most common form of dementia that usually starts in late middle age or old age, resulting in progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, and disorientation.
2) It is a chronic and irreversible disease that affects brain cells and causes impairment of intellectual functioning, destroying the ability to reason, remember, imagine and learn over time.
3) The causes of Alzheimer's disease are unknown but several factors have been implicated including environmental factors like smoking, infections, and toxins as well as genetic and immunological factors.
Alzheimers disease by Ritika soni
Ms. Ritika Soni presented on Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline. It was first described by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from examining a patient with unusual brain abnormalities. The causes are not fully known but risk factors include age, family history, and head injuries. Diagnosis involves cognitive assessments and brain imaging. Currently, there is no cure, but medications and caregiving can temporarily improve symptoms.
Neurodegenerative disorders
This document discusses several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It explains that many neurodegenerative diseases are caused by genetic mutations, most involving a repeat of the CAG nucleotide triplet encoding glutamine. These diseases are characterized by protein misfolding and aggregation leading to damage of neuronal cells and circuitry. Common mechanisms include the formation of plaques like beta-amyloid in Alzheimer's or Lewy bodies containing alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. The diseases result in progressive neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death over time.
Alzheimer's__CHANDAN.pptx
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurologic disorder that causes the brain to shrink and brain cells to die, destroying neurons and their connections in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. It is characterized by memory loss, impaired thinking and reasoning, difficulty making judgments and decisions, and problems planning and performing familiar tasks. While the amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that deposition of amyloid beta protein causes Alzheimer's pathology and symptoms, evidence also links tau tangles in neurons to neuronal loss and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, which is fatal and not simply a normal part of aging.
Alzheimer's Disease
This document provides an overview of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It begins with an introduction describing AD as a progressive brain disorder and the most common cause of dementia. It then discusses the origin of AD, first described by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in 1906 from a patient named Auguste D. The document covers stages and symptoms of AD, causes including genetic and environmental factors, pathology involving plaque and tangle formation, diagnosis methods, current drug treatments, and concludes that while current drugs can temporarily improve cognition, new treatments are still needed to stop progression of the disease.
Alzheimer's disease.pptx
Complete pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease for B.Pharm and D.Pharm Students and also for medical students.
Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Pharmacological and Non Pharmacological Treatments.
D.Pharm Students, B.Pharm Students, Pharmacoogy and Medical Students.
Alzheimer's disease
Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease
Introduction
History
Risk factors
Pathophysiology
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Non pharmacological treatment
Drugs used in treatment of Alzheimer`s
Recent advances
Screening methods
Summary
References
Biochemistry of Alzheimers disease
1) Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys cognitive functions through gradual impairment of higher intellectual functions and severe cortical dysfunction, leading to memory loss and aphasia.
2) The biochemical hallmarks of Alzheimer's are beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles involving the tau protein. Beta-amyloid plaques accumulate outside and around nerve cells, while neurofibrillary tangles are twisted fibers that build up inside nerve cells.
3) The formation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles can affect neighboring cells and lead to more cell death, resulting in massive cell death in the brain and causing the memory failure and other symptoms
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
Autoimmune disorders of the nervous system can attack the central nervous system (CNS), Autoimmune disorders affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system.) which includes the brain and spinal cord, or the peripheral nervous system, consisting of nerves that connect the CNS with the limbs and organs.
The most common disorders are multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis.
Autoimmune nervous system disorders include:
Multiple sclerosis
Myasthenia gravis
Guillain-Barré syndrome. (GB Syndrome)
Anti alzheimer agent
1) Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills, and is the most common cause of dementia.
2) It is characterized by beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain that disrupt communication between neurons.
3) Current treatments aim to improve symptoms but do not stop the progression of the disease. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are the most common drug therapies to improve cognitive function.
Alzheimer disease
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of neurons in specific brain regions. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and results from the loss of neurons in the hippocampus and cortex, leading to impairments in memory and cognitive ability. The hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. Risk factors for the disease are unknown but it is associated with brain shrinkage and neuronal loss, particularly in the hippocampus and basal forebrain. Symptoms include confusion, memory loss, impaired judgment, and personality changes.
Brain Damage [The Complete Picture]
Brain damage, also known as brain injury, can be either traumatic or acquired. Traumatic brain injuries are caused by external forces and can include concussions, contusions, or penetrating injuries. Acquired brain injuries have non-traumatic causes such as stroke, tumor, infection, or lack of oxygen. The primary injury damages brain cells directly while secondary injuries cause further neural dysfunction through inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and the release of immune molecules. This leads to neurological deficits that impair functions like cognition, movement, and consciousness state. States of altered consciousness after brain injury include coma, vegetative state, locked-in syndrome, and brain stem death.
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal neuronal activity in the brain. Seizures can have various presentations depending on the affected brain region. Epilepsy has genetic and acquired causes such as brain injuries, tumors, or infections. Diagnosis involves tests like EEG, MRI, and bloodwork to identify structural or metabolic abnormalities. Treatment focuses on medications, dietary changes, surgery, or devices like vagus nerve stimulators to reduce or eliminate seizures. Identifying a patient's epilepsy syndrome provides guidance on determining causes and appropriate treatments.
Neurological Aspects of Lightning and Electrical Injuries
This document discusses the neurological aspects of lightning and electrical injuries. It summarizes Cherington's classification of immediate transient symptoms, immediate prolonged symptoms, and delayed neurological syndromes. It then covers clinical presentations involving the central nervous system, cranial nerves, autonomic functions, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and neuropsychological symptoms. The pathophysiology includes direct electrical damage, thermal damage, tissue separation, ischemic changes, and circulating neurohumoral actions. Treatment involves antidepressants, anti-neuropathic drugs, and potential agents targeting nitric oxide, glutamate, cortisol and antioxidants.
Central nervous system 2
This document summarizes several demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system. It describes multiple sclerosis as an autoimmune disorder characterized by distinct episodes of neurological deficits separated in time and space, affecting women twice as frequently as men, with peak onset between childhood and age 50. Parkinson's disease is discussed as resulting from loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor symptoms like tremors and rigidity, with Lewy bodies containing alpha-synuclein found in remaining neurons. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, with pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein.
Therapeutic targets for alzheimer
The document discusses Alzheimer's disease (AD), including its causes, symptoms, pathogenesis, and treatment approaches. It begins by defining AD as a progressive brain disease that destroys memory and cognitive abilities. Risk factors include age, family history, head trauma, and genetic factors. Symptoms start with mild memory loss and eventually lead to severe cognitive decline and inability for self-care. The pathogenesis involves beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles resulting from tau protein abnormalities. Current treatments target symptoms but not the underlying disease process, and focus on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, vaccines, and antioxidants. Research continues on disease-modifying therapies such as inhibiting amyloid formation or tau phosphorylation.
Neurological syndromes in canine
This document discusses commonly occurring neurological syndromes in dogs and their management. It outlines several syndromes including canine distemper, rabies, wobbler syndrome, Leigh syndrome, and canine epilepsy. For each syndrome it describes the causative agent, characteristic signs and symptoms. It also discusses general techniques for diagnosing neurological disorders and managing the conditions, which may include treatment of infection, decompression surgery, or central nervous system depressants. The owner is advised to provide a safe environment for the dog during and after a seizure and record details to share with the veterinarian.
Similar to Alzheimer's and Epilepsy pathophysiology (20)
Neurological Aspects of Lightning and Electrical Injuries
Neurological Aspects of Lightning and Electrical Injuries
Recently uploaded
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
Vonoprazan, a new potassium acid channel blocker used in the conditions of GERD and gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer ....
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Fallopian tube blockage may cause female infertility. For treatment, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
More than 20 participants took part everyday !
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS). Parc Taulí. Sabadell
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
The benefits of an ePCR solution should extend to the whole EMS organization, not just certain groups of people or certain departments. It should provide more than just a form for entering and a database for storing information. It should also include a workflow of how information is communicated, used and stored across the entire organization.
How to choose the best dermatologists in Indore.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
MERCURY GROUP.BHMS.MATERIA MEDICA.HOMOEOPATHY
Mercurius is named after the roman god mercurius, the god of trade and science. The planet mercurius is named after the same god. Mercurius is sometimes called hydrargyrum, means ‘watery silver’. Its shine and colour are very similar to silver, but mercury is a fluid at room temperatures. The name quick silver is a translation of hydrargyrum, where the word quick describes its tendency to scatter away in all directions.
The droplets have a tendency to conglomerate to one big mass, but on being shaken they fall apart into countless little droplets again. It is used to ignite explosives, like mercury fulminate, the explosive character is one of its general themes.
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Recently uploaded (20)
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Alzheimer's and Epilepsy pathophysiology
- 1. ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND EPILEPSY PRESENTED BY : RITU REG.NO. : 230548005 COURSE : MNNT , 2ND SEM
- 2. INTRODUCTION Alzheimer’s disease ( AD ) is a neurodegenerative disorder , characterized by cognitive and behavioural impairment that significantly interferes with social and occupational functioning. • Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of Dementia. • AD results from an increase in the production of accumulation of specific protein (beta- amyloid protein) in the brain that leads to the nerve cell death.
- 9. PATHOPHYSIOLOG Y • Due to the etiological factors | • Changes occur in the proteins of the nerve cells of the Cerebral Cortex | • Accumulation of Neurofibrillary Tangles and Neuritic plaques | • Granulo Vascular Degeneration | • Loss of Cholinergic Nerve cells | • Loss of Memory , Function and Cognition | • Alzheimer’s Disease
- 15. INTRODUCTION • Epilepsy is also called a seizure disorder. • It is a long-term ( chronic ) neurological disease that causes repeated uncontrolled seizures due to abnormal electrical signals produced by damaged nerve cells. • A burst of uncontrolled electrical activity within brain cells causes a seizure. • Seizures can include changes awareness , muscle control (muscle twitch or jerk ) , sensations , emotions and behaviour.
- 22. STATUS EPILEPTICUS • A seizure that last longer than 5 minutes , or having more than 1 seizure within a 5 minutes period , without returning to a normal level of consciousness between episodes is called status epilepticus . This is a medical emergency that may lead to permanent brain damage or death. • In children , the main cause of status epilepticus is an infection with a fever. Children with severe , refractory seizure disorders can also have status epilepticus. In