- Whats Is Aloe Vera
- History Of Aloe Vera
- Health Benefits Of Aloe Vera
- Selection of Land
- Plantation
- Farm Management
- Harvesting
- Machinery Detail
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Aloe vera Pulp Extraction and juice processing line
1. Aloe Vera Juice Pulp Extraction & Processing Line
Muhammad Nasir Khawaja
Lahore . Pakistan
What's app: +923094878467
Email: ahmadkhayam@gmail.com
2. • Know How about Aloe Vera
• Feasibility Report
• Provide Aloe Barbadensis Miller Baby Plants
• Land Selection
• Plantation
• Provide Extraction and Juicing Machinery For Aloe Vera Juice and Skin Care Products
• Commissioning and Test Trial Production Of Industrial Plant
• Commercial Production
• Marketing Module
• Formulation Of Aloe Vera Juice and Aloe Skin Care Products
• Training of technical staff
3. The Journey Begins
History of Aloe
The history of aloe vera demonstrates its importance over the centuries. Its use dates back to at least 2200 B.C.
when the Egyptians depicted the plant on temple walls. The plant is a member of the lily/onion family, and is
thought to have originated in Africa, before spreading throughout the world. Knowledge of aloe vera’s
pharmaceutical properties were recorded in Sumerian clay tablets in 1750 B.C.. The history of is included in
the Bible, legends of kings, queens, even tales of Alexander the Great, who, persuaded by Aristotle, conquered
Socotra in order to treat his soldiers with the plant.
4. Aloe Vera can be found depicted on ancient
Egyptian walls
The Ancient Egyptians, who used it to treat and cure diseases as well as
for its restorative benefits, placed great emphasis on aloe vera. The value
that they placed on the plant is illustrated by its use as payment to attend
the burial of a Pharaoh, as well its use as a measure of a person’s wealth.
Ancient Greek scientists and Romans considered aloe vera a cure-all for
internal and external problems, “the plant of Immortality”.
History of Aloe from Ancient Times
5. The Bible references aloe vera in several passages, ranking its value during
King Solomon’s time as equal to that of rare spices. The Mahometans also revered the
plant, using it as a symbol of their religion. Dioscurides praised aloe vera for its healing
and cosmetic benefits, especially for relieving dry skin and its internal cleansing
properties
6. Christopher Columbus carried aloe vera plants on his adventures, treating injuries and sharing its
value with the new world.
At this point, the plant is thought to have already spread from Egypt throughout India, China and the
Middle East.
Aloe vera’s affinity for warmth kept it from growing well throughout Northern Europe, although it is a
major component of the formula for Swedish Bitters. This restorative tonic was created by a blend
thought to have been developed by Paracelsus and reintroduced to the world by Swedish doctors.
7. The History and Uses of Aloe for Cosmetics Aloe vera’s use as a cosmetic by well-known Queens
Cleopatra and Nefertiti, who were revered for their beauty, is legendary. It was used as emollient for
treating and healing skin throughout the world for centuries and was listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia
as a skin protectant in 1820.
8. Modern History of Aloe The recent history of aloe vera includes a plethora of studies conducted by
researchers throughout the world and in the U.S. The plant gained notoriety for its ability to treat radiation
burns, lending more credibility to claims of its benefits to the medical community.
Historical uses of Aloe have shown its internal and external effectiveness with treatments that include its use as
a healing agent. It is thought to improve the immune system, eye problems, migraines, and more as it contains
antibacterial and antiseptic properties as well as anti inflammatory fatty acids. The sap and gel combine to
make this plant a health powerhouse.
Many companies include aloe as part of their base in cosmetics due to its healing and emollient effects. It
contains numerous minerals and is a good source of Vitamins A, B, C and Vitamin E. The restorative and
emollient properties help counteract the effects of daily living and keep you looking and feeling healthy. After
thousands of years of technological advances and research, one of our partners has invented a patented process
to isolate the active parts of the aloe leaf and maximize the benefits that ancient Egyptians and Sumerians first
discovered.
9. Aloe Vera – the legendary herb of immortality
Aloe Vera is a favorite herb of many nations of the world. Ancient physicians considered it to be a
blessing to mankind. The origins of Aloe Vera are in North Africa. Its name derives from the Arabic
word “alloeh” which means “bitter.” This name was given to aloe because of its juice, which has a bitter
taste. Vera in Latin means “real”. Did you know that the name of aloe vera only applies to Aloe
barbadensis miller? This is because only this type of aloe is considered to be the true aloe. There are
more than 300 species of Aloe, but only 4 of them have medicinal properties. Aloe barbadensis miller is
at the top of the list for its healing properties.
10. The Amazing Properties of Aloe Vera
Aloe Vera is approximately 95% water, but the other 5% is made up of extremely high levels of healthy
enzymes. The very special plant has more than 200 bioactive compounds such as minerals, enzymes,
vitamins, amino acids, and polysaccharides, which all improve nutrient absorption in the body.
It is also rich in calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, potassium, and manganese. It boasts anti-
inflammatory and antibacterial properties which help detoxify the body and support the immune system. It
also contains the vitamin B12, which is normally only found in animal based foods and it is important in the
creation of new red blood cells, making it invaluable to vegetarians. It is native to Africa and parts of the
Middle East, but can be grown in any home, making it accessible to anyone. It once was, and still remains,
one of the world’s most popular and widely used remedies.
11. The Aloe Vera Miracle
A natural medicine for cancer, cholesterol, diabetes, inflammation, IBS, and other health conditions. The
ancestral Aloe Vera is a plant that evolved from the lilac family, on which garlic is also a member. Both
possess great curative and nutritive properties. Aloe Vera, with its curative and regenerative properties is
mentioned in Bible passages as well as in ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics, carried by Alexander the Great
on his conquests as the only palliative for bruises and injuries.
The Aloe Vera plant contains its greatest nutritional properties at 2 to 3 years of age. The succulent aloe vera
gel is obtained from within the leaves from which it is necessary to remove the peel or skin , leaving a slimy,
sticky, gelatin-like tissue containing tremendous medicinal properties.
Laboratories like the Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine in Palo Alto, California, the
International Council of Aloe, and the University Of Oklahoma all work in formal studies of Aloe. What are
the properties in Aloe that make it such a marvelous natural product for health and beauty?
12. Principal Characteristics of Aloe Vera or Savile
1. Pain Inhibitor, Aloe-Vera reduces pain upon application to the affected area. Unlike the majority of
other products available, it has the ability to penetrate very deeply. Aloe Vera blocks pain in the deep
layers of skin due to its active components and their power to penetrate and ease inflammation.
2. Anti-Inflammatory – Anti Allergenic. Aloe works in a similar to steroids, like cortisone, but without
the harmful side effects. Several compounds in aloe are responsible for these actions. The most
important are Glycoproteins, which inhibit and actually breakdown Bradykinin, a major mediator of
pain and inflammation, and also have various Anthraquinones, and Salicylates the same anti-
inflammatory and pain killing agents found in aspirin. Aloe is very helpful in healing skin abrasions
and burns because it contains magnesium lactate, a substance that inhibits the histamine reactions
made by the immune system in response to irritants.
3. For this reason, you can use it for every type of inflammation like Bursitis, Arthritis, or even insect
bites. For best results , soak a cotton ball with Aloe and place it on the skin, covering it to keep the
aloe from evaporating. One important thing to remember is that Aloe does not contain cortisone,
but has enzymes and other elements which work extremely well in relieving soreness in affected
areas.
13.
14. Healing Action. Aloe-Vera has very high levels of calcium and potassium and zinc, as well as Vitamins
C and e in Aloe Vera. These minerals promote the formation of a net of fibers that trap the red corpuscles of
the blood, thus speeding the healing process. Calcium is a very important element in the proper function of
the nervous system, and in use of muscles. It is a great catalyst in all healing.
1. Keratotic Action. This is the action of removing damaged skin, replacing it with new skin cells. It also
allows the free flow of blood through the veins and arteries, clearing them of small blood clots.
2. Antibiotic Action.
a) Antimicrobial activity. It has been proven to stop the destructive action of many bacteria such as
Salmonella and Staphylococcus that produce pus, also combats echerichiacoli, streptococcus faecalis as
well as being very effective against the fungus Candida Albicans, etc., Aloe is excellent in eliminating
bacteria, as well as preventing infection when a greater than 75% concentration is directly applied to the
affected area.
b) Anti-Viral Activity. Fights viruses when used in a greater than 75% concentration and applied directly
to the virus. Aloe is very effective against the vaginal trichomonas strain of virus. Acemman (acetil-
manosa) This substance found in Aloe Vera has been very effective in combating certain virus. It is
presently being injected to combat a certain type of Leukemia and Fibrosarcomas in animals and being
studied as a aid to AZT in fighting the HIV virus (AIDS). C) Anti-Fungal activity. It act as a fungicide
when applied directly to the fungus.
15. 3. Cell Regeneration
Aloe possesses a hormone that accelerates the growth of new cells, also eliminating the old ones. Due to
the presence of Calcium in aloe, which regulates the amount of liquid in the cells, internal and external
equilibrium is maintained. This creates healthy cells in all body tissues.
4. Skin Cancer
Aloe will be the weapon against skin cancer in the future, says Dr. Faith Strickland of M.D. Anderson
Cancer Center at the University Of Texas. She also asserts that aloe helps to protect the skin’s immune
system from harm. An important fact is that aloe contains 17 amino acids which the human body needs
for the formation of proteins and tissues (proteins are networks formed by the combination of various
amino acids). In addition it contains minerals like calcium, phosphorous, copper, iron, manganese,
magnesium, potassium and sodium, essential elements for metabolism and cellular operation.
5. Energizer
Aloe helps to promote good metabolism, that is the production of energy which the body needs. Also,
because it contains Vitamin C, it acts to stimulate and improve circulation and the proper function of the
cardiovascular system. Vitamin C is not produced by the body and therefore we must provide it
externally. This vitamin is very important in the strengthening of the immune system, circulatory and
digestive systems and plays a role in the prevention of a vast amount of illnesses .
16. 6. Digestive
Aloe contains a great number of enzymes. Some enzymes are produced by the body (pancreas) but others
are not, and these need to be supplied to the body externally. In the digestive process the enzymes
transforms proteins by breaking them down, into their amino acids components, carbohydrates into sugars
(glucose) , and fats into fatty acids. The transformed elements are then absorbed by the intestine and passed
on to the circulatory system. One component of aloe, aloin, is used as laxative. The aloin is extracted from
the outer rind of the leaf. In gastrointestinal problems, Aloe appears to slow down the emptying of the
stomach and to inhibit the release of excess hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin.
7. Detoxification
Due to the potassium which it contains, aloe vera improves and stimulates the liver and the kidneys, the
principal organs of detoxification. Aloe contains Uranic acid which eliminates toxic materials within the
cells. The first time Aloe is ingested it tends to cause a slight case of diarrhea because it causes an initial
cleansing of the intestines, from bacteria as well as from food stuck in the folds or in the diverticulum.
8. Rehydration Of the Skin
Aloe penetrates deeply and restores lost liquids. It also repairs damaged tissues from the inside out, burns
and sunburns
17. 9. Nutritional
Aloe contains 18 of the 23 amino acids (building blocks of proteins) that the body needs to form cells and tissues.
It also contains enzymes necessary in breaking down carbohydrates , fats and proteins in the stomach and
intestine. Aloe contains a large variety of vitamins like B1, B5, B6, B12 , A and C, and as already mentioned it
contains minerals like Calcium, Phosphorous, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Potassium and Sodium.
10. Natural Cleanser (contains Saponins)
Aloe is a natural cleanser due to the oils it contains. On the other hand, due to the presence of proteolytic
enzymes, it destroys dead tissues, thus cleaning wounds.
11. fights Irritations
Eliminates burning and itching (useful for bites, rashes etc,)
12. Dilates Vessels
Dilates the capillaries, thus increasing blood flow.
13. Great Vehicle Of Transportation
Due to the presence of lignin, aloe penetrates and is the perfect vehicle to transport other elements with which it
is combined deep inside the skin. This is why there are thousands of medicinal and cosmetic products mixed with
Aloe. Here are some examples: In combination with eucalyptus and jojoba , it eases the pain by penetrating the
three layers of skin, entering the muscles region. Mixed with bee propolis it makes an excellent cream for skin
infections. Mixed with coconut oil and sunblock, it makes an excellent sunscreen.
18. 14. Aloe In Dentistry
Dr. Timothy E. Moore of the university of Oklahoma has done studies on the application of
Aloe in his dental practice with fabulous results. He asserts that toothpaste made from aloe or
an extract of aloe helps combat bleeding and gingivitis in the gums , and helps to prevent
tooth decay without the abrasive action which prolonged use causes tooth decay itself. Aloe
mixed with jojoba helps eliminate chapped lips and fever blisters.
19. 19. Aloe In Beauty Care
It is well known that Neferti and Cleopatra used aloe for their beauty treatments. Now aloe has become a
tradition in beauty care, being an important element in many types of beauty products.
Facial cleansing is important for keeping your face soft and supple. This is especially important because
your skin is exposed to so many elements, such as wind, dust and sun, which cause it to lose some of its
youthful features. Aloe has two components lignin (cellulose) and polysaccharide (carbohydrates), which
truly penetrate the three layers of skin, the epidermis, the dermis, and the hypodermis, and clean out
bacteria and oil deposits that blocks your pores. Also, the natural nutrients, like minerals, vitamins , the 19
amino acids and enzymes, stimulates the reproduction of new cells, replacing the dead skin cells. If the
epidermis can’t get rid of these cells and oil, the skin’s pores will become blocked and the sweat glands
won’t be able to function correctly. Infections begin to form in the skin. Because of its power to
regenerate, heal, tone, and its ability to penetrate deeply, it is used in moisturizing creams, night creams,
masks, shampoos, toning creams and facial cleansing creams, etc. It is also used in sun tan and other skin
protection lotions. Aloe is also used in creams for muscular and rheumatic pain and stiffness. Also, in
gelatin form it is used to combat acne. Aloe easily combines with many different natural products and
household products, like shampoos and cleansers.
20.
21. Guide For Aloe Vera Farming
Climate Required for Aloe Vera
Aloe vera is a warm tropical crop. Aloe Vera can have grown in various climatic conditions.
This can be successfully grown in low rain fall regions and dry areas with warm humid
conditions. This plant is very sensitive to extreme cold condition. This plant thrives best on dry
Sandy Soils in the region where lower rain fall is expected. This plant cannot tolerate frost and
cool climatic conditions.
22. Soil Requirement Of Aloe Vera
Aloe vera can be cultivated on a wide variety of soils from sandy soils to loamy soils. However, it
thrives best in light soil. As this plant is sensitive to water stagnation make sure to select the well-
drained soils for its cultivation. This plant can tolerate soils with high pH range up to 8.50. Aloe
vera growth would be faster in Black Cotton soils with good drainage. This plant is also thrive best
with higher foliage. This plant also tolerates soils with salty in nature.
What is Sandy Soil
Sandy Soil is light, warm, dry and tend to be acidic and low in nutrients. Sandy soils are often known as
light soils due to their high proportion of sand and little clay (clay weighs more than sand). These soils
have quick water drainage and are easy to work with. They are quicker to warm up in spring than clay
soils but tend to dry out in summer and suffer from low nutrients that are washed away by rain. The
addition of organic matter can help give plants an additional boost of nutrients by improving the
nutrient and water holding capacity of the soil.
23. What Is Loamy Soil
Loam soil is a mixture of sand, silt and clay that are combined to avoid the negative effects of each type.
These soils are fertile, easy to work with and provide good drainage. Depending on their predominant
composition they can be either sandy or clay loam. As the soils are a perfect balance of soil particles, they
are considered to be a gardener’s best friend, but still benefit from topping up with additional organic
matter.
24. What Is Black Cotton Soil
Black cotton soils is known as Regus are generally clayey type. Black cotton soil is one of major soil
deposits of India and Pakistan. They exhibit height rate of swelling and shrinkage when exposed to
changes in moisture content and hence have been found to be most troublesome from engineering
consideration.
25. Salinity and Water Logging Land
The cultivation of medicinal plants, such as Aloe vera, might be an alternative for the saline water use
and salt-affected soils occupation. Aloe vera, commonly known as aloe, is one of the primary medicinal
plants with multipurpose applications going from pharmaceutical to cosmetic aspects with a promising
economic return. Aloe plants were cultivated and irrigated, for 14 months, with drinking water (C0) and
with two levels of salt (C1 and C2). Changes in growth, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation
and phenolic compounds were examined in leaves at harvest. Depressive effects of salt irrigation on the
plant growth parameters and a perturbation in inorganic ion contents were found especially with a high
level of salt in the irrigation water. The intracellular oxidative stress was evaluated with the H2O2
production. Our results showed that the H2O2 content increased with the accumulation of the toxic ion
(Na) in the leaf tissues. In addition, lipid peroxidation, measured by the malondialdehyde (MDA) level,
increased as well with salt augmentation in the irrigation water. In response to salt stress, Aloe leaves
showed a significant increase in the levels of phenolic compounds too. These results suggest that Aloe
can be planted in soils affected by salinity and irrigated with salt water at least at a moderate
concentration used in the present study.
26. Preparing the Land
It would be ideal to schedule your Aloe Vera farming prior to the monsoons, if in Pakistan. In other words,
you should plow the soil before the beginning of the rainy season.
• Ensure that your plowing is so thorough that the soil particles appear fine and well separated from one
another.
• It is imperative to keep this soil well drained too.
• Maintaining furrows and ridges should make the field ideal for plantation.
• Test the pH and the salt contents of the soil. The former should be around 8 .5 while the latter should
be in the higher range.
• Would you like to increase the fertility of the soil? Well, then, go in for 10 to 15 tons of farmyard manure
per hectare.
• Do the same thereafter, every subsequent year
• Keep using compost throughout every year.
• Then again, you may opt for a ratio of 50:50:50 kg per hectare of sodium, phosphorus and potassium
salts, to serve as a basal dose.
• You must keep the soil well irrigated, but not overfed with water.
• The plants crave for water immediately after they ground themselves firmly into the soil, as well as,
throughout the summer season
• Their succulence helps them to survive in ‘waterless’ conditions during the winter season.
27. Propagation Of Aloe Vera Plants
• Aloe Vera plants do not produce seeds for planting directly into the soil. Instead, you must propagate
them. When you observe the parent plant carefully, you should be able to observe some ‘baby’
plants growing from it.
• These are the offshoots or offsets, commonly known as Aloe Pups.
• They share the same root system as the parent plant does
• Whenever you see that the Pup has grown to one-fifth the size of its parent, or has a few sets of
leaves sprouting from it, you may remove it.
• Examine it carefully, remove the dirt around the base, and decide the ideal place for separating it
from the parent plant.
• The Pup should exhibit a complete root system, after you detach it
• Do use a clean knife, for you do not want your ‘baby’ to become contaminated!
• Plant this Pup in a mixture of potting soil and sand.
• Water it only after a week.
• When it is of the right size, move it to the field.
• Another method is to dig out the underground rhizome
• Cut it to a length of 12 to 15 cm
• Ensure that this stem has two or three nodes on it, at least
28. Propagation Of Aloe Vera Plants
• Place it in a similar to the placement of a root in soil.
• Alternatively, grow it sand bed, in a container.
• When sprouts appear, take out the plant and allot it an appropriate place in your field
• You may use root suckers too, instead of the rhizome, by digging them out from the parent plant
• Plant these root suckers, such two-third sat the separation lies in the 50 x 45 cm range.
• Whatever you use, ensure that two-thirds of the propagated plant remains underground.
Protecting the Plant
Aloe Vera plants have their own enemies.
• One is the Mealy Bug, wherein the leaves become spotted. This is a fungal disease.
• Once a week, spray 0.2% dithane M-45 onto the plants.
• Spraying of an aqueous solution of 0.2% of Malathion and 0.1% parathion keeps unwanted plants away.
• You may remove the weeds manually too, during the first year
• During subsequent years, you may adhere to two weeding sessions and light hoeing throughout the year
• Keep the soil healthy via earthing up, spading, etc
• Hilling, earthing up or ridging is the technique in agriculture and horticulture of piling soil up around the base
of a plant. It can be done by hand (usually using a hoe), or with powered machinery, typically a tractor
attachment.
29. Land Preparation
Land should be plowed and cross plowed thoroughly to bring the soil to the fine tilth stage. To increase the
soil fertility, add about 15 to 20 tons of well-rooted farm yard manure during the last plow. From ridges and
furrows @ 40 Cm apart. The suckers should be planted @ cm distance, About 2-3 ploughings and
laddering are done to make the soil weed free and friable. Land leveling is then followed. Along the slope, a
15-20 ft drainage is made.
30. Planting Density & Spacing Of Aloe Vera
To accommodate about 50,000 to 55000 plant per hectare the spacing between plants should be 40 x
45 cm OR 60 x 30 cm maintained.
While for final cultivation distance between plant to plant should be 1.50 x2.50 ft.
31. How Much Water Required
On average, watering an aloe once per week is enough, but if plants are exposed to extreme sunlight and
heat, a touch test is necessary. This is the easiest way to tell. if the soil is too dry. Simply insert your
finger into the soil up to the second knuckle. If it is dry, water the plant. As a succulent plant, aloe
requires very little water and does not respond well to overly wet soil. It can tolerate drought, but a small
amount of water will do wonders for the plant. In spring and summer, soak the soil around the plant
when watering, but allow it to dry completely before watering again. During the winter months aloe
uses less water, so decrease the amount you give the plant to just moisten the soil instead of soaking it.
32. How Much Water Required
Aloe vera plant needs very less water to grow but at a regular period as per their requirement which will depend
on the climate condition.
Usually, first water is given at the time just after its planting in the farm which helps the newly planted aloe
vera to set well. Then after its requirement, water is to be done at every regular interval. At each year, three to
four time watering is to be done so that aloe vera plant can develop well during the complete year. Drip
irrigation and sprinkler irrigation are the best way for the farming of aloe vera because it saves water along
with the precious time. This will also make you more profitable by increasing the yield of aloe vera. Research
on aloe vera was stated that time to time irrigation increase the production, quantity, and quality of the aloe vera
and give a better price in the change of your yield. Drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation also reduce the laborer
costing needed for the watering in the farming. Since aloe vera plants are very sensitive to the water, over
irrigation then the requirement of plant leads you to defect in the farming as result there is a decrease in the
production of the aloe vera farming.
33. Weed Control / Intercultural Operations
As part of intercultural operations in Aloe Vera farming, earthing up should be
carried. Weeding should be done at regular intervals.
34. Harvesting Of Aloe Vera
Aloe Vera crop will become ready for harvesting from the second year after planting.
Fresh leaves of 3 or 4 can be picked. Picking of leaves should be done during morning or evening times.
Three harvests can be carried in one-year time.
This crop is labor intensive crop, after harvesting leaves, again they regenerate up to 5 years after
planting. Not only leaves, but side suckers can also be harvested for use in planted material. After about
ten months of planting of aloe vera, it is ready for harvesting since they are fully grown. On large plants
grown in soil, a leaf that is at least one foot (30 cm) should do nicely. If you want to better and better
quality and quantity, than you can wait for a year more which gives you healthy pulp of the aloe vera plant
by growing to two to three feet in height and weigh more than the earlier. So if you looking for good
yield on the same farming, than you have to wait for some time more and give more time for it to become
healthy. For harvesting, break or cut the 3-4 leaves, lower and older should be taken first from the main
plant so that after about 45 days from cutting, new leaves became ready for the harvesting again.
35. Yield of the aloe vera farming
One can easily produce 15-20 tons of aloe vera from a single acre by taking care properly throughout the
complete farming. Since there is no laborious in the complete farming, farming aloe vera is most
profitable economically.
For greater yield, give some time to plant so that they became healthy. This yield will increase up to 25
more than the first year in the second year followed by the third year. An average pulp of healthy aloe
vera is weighed about 500 gm at the time of harvesting.
Post Harvesting Tasks Of Aloe Vera After harvesting the fresh leaves care should be taken for drying
the leaves. Usually, harvest crop is allowed to lose the moisture in the field itself, before transporting. To
prevent any mold growth, leaves should be kept dry and cool. Use of concrete floor is useful in stacking
or storing them.
Bottom Line
Excellent plant for cultivation in the dry and regions with less annual rain fall and once planted, it gives
the yield for 5 years. Due to its domestic and international demand this crop can turn into Gold with good
crop management practices.