The document is a set of multiple choice questions about architectural history and styles. It includes questions about Gothic architecture, which flourished in Europe during the medieval period and had features like pointed arches, ribbed vaults and flying buttresses. Other questions cover architectural elements from different time periods and cultures around the world, such as ziggurats in ancient Mesopotamia, pediments in classical architecture, and pilasters.
The document provides background information on classical sculpture in Greece and Rome from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD. It describes the geographical frame of the Mediterranean basin and key cities and locations. It then outlines the chronological frames of ancient Greece and Rome, dividing Greek sculpture into Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods, and Roman sculpture into Monarchy, Republic and Empire periods. Examples of artworks from each period are given, such as Kleobis and Biton from the Archaic Greek period.
The document provides an overview of architectural styles from ancient Egyptian architecture to modern eclecticism. It describes key characteristics of different styles including:
- Egyptian architecture being characterized by pyramidal structures like the Great Pyramid of Giza which was faced with white limestone.
- Greek architecture most prominently featured temples with post-and-lintel construction in the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders.
- Roman architecture adopted Greek styles and developed the arch, vault and dome structures like in the Pantheon.
- Gothic architecture had large stained glass windows supported by buttresses and rose windows, with ornate doorways and interior decoration.
What is an Arch?
An arch is a structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight above it.
Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture and their systematic use started with the Ancient Romans who were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures.
What are the Types of Arches?
Arches have many forms, but all fall into three basic categories: Circular, pointed, and parabolic.
Arches with a circular form, also referred to as rounded arch, were commonly employed by the builders of ancient history, heavy masonry arches.
Ancient Roman builders relied heavily on the rounded arch to span large, open areas.
Several rounded arches placed in-line, end-to-end, form an arcade, such as the Roman aqueduct.
Pointed arches were most often used by builders of Gothic-style architecture.
The advantage to using a pointed arch, rather than a circular arch, is that the arch action in a pointed arch produces less thrust at the base.
This innovation allowed for taller and more closely spaced openings, typical of Gothic architecture
Vaults are essentially "adjacent arches [that] are assembled side by side."
If vaults intersect, complex forms are produced with the intersections.
The forms, along with the "strongly expressed ribs at the vault intersections, were dominant architectural features of Gothic cathedrals."
The parabolic arch employs the principle that when weight is uniformly applied to an arch, the internal compression resulting from that weight will follow a parabolic profile.
Of any arch type, the parabolic arch produces the most thrust at the base, but can span the largest areas.
It is commonly used in bridge design, where long spans are needed.
The document provides an overview of various architectural styles throughout history, beginning with Egyptian architecture. It discusses key characteristics of Egyptian architecture such as columns derived from plant forms. Subsequent sections cover Greek architecture and the three original orders as well as Roman architecture and its innovative use of vaults and concrete. Byzantine architecture is described as utilizing brickwork and dome structures. The document concludes with a brief section on Gothic architecture and its emphasis on skeletal stone structures and the symbolic use of light.
Summery about Gothic and Romanesque architecture in Europe (Italy ,France,Germany,England and Spain (Gothic)
Reference : Fletcher (A HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IN COMPARATIVE METHOD).
This document provides information on the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and Byzantine periods as they relate to architecture and interiors. It discusses the evolution of mastabas and pyramids in Egypt. For Greece, it covers the different architectural orders and provides examples of temples from the Archaic and Classical periods. Information is given on Roman structures like aqueducts, triumphal arches, amphitheaters, and the Pantheon. Finally, the document summarizes the architectural achievements of Byzantium, focusing on Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.
Early human shelters attempted to defy gravity through structures like oval huts made of branches and animal hides. Ancient architectural innovations like Stonehenge and Egyptian pyramids used precise alignments and pyramid shapes to reference cosmic forces and allow monumental structures to reach for the sky. Advances in arch, vaulting, flying buttresses, and other Gothic techniques freed architectural design from rigid geometry and allowed buildings to appear to defy the weight of gravity through greater heights and openings.
Gothic architecture originated in 12th century France and is characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. Abbot Suger of St. Denis Abbey invented Gothic architecture when he rebuilt the abbey church in the 1120s using these features, including the first known rose window above the west portal. Gothic architecture then spread across Europe over subsequent centuries.
The document provides background information on classical sculpture in Greece and Rome from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD. It describes the geographical frame of the Mediterranean basin and key cities and locations. It then outlines the chronological frames of ancient Greece and Rome, dividing Greek sculpture into Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods, and Roman sculpture into Monarchy, Republic and Empire periods. Examples of artworks from each period are given, such as Kleobis and Biton from the Archaic Greek period.
The document provides an overview of architectural styles from ancient Egyptian architecture to modern eclecticism. It describes key characteristics of different styles including:
- Egyptian architecture being characterized by pyramidal structures like the Great Pyramid of Giza which was faced with white limestone.
- Greek architecture most prominently featured temples with post-and-lintel construction in the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders.
- Roman architecture adopted Greek styles and developed the arch, vault and dome structures like in the Pantheon.
- Gothic architecture had large stained glass windows supported by buttresses and rose windows, with ornate doorways and interior decoration.
What is an Arch?
An arch is a structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight above it.
Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture and their systematic use started with the Ancient Romans who were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures.
What are the Types of Arches?
Arches have many forms, but all fall into three basic categories: Circular, pointed, and parabolic.
Arches with a circular form, also referred to as rounded arch, were commonly employed by the builders of ancient history, heavy masonry arches.
Ancient Roman builders relied heavily on the rounded arch to span large, open areas.
Several rounded arches placed in-line, end-to-end, form an arcade, such as the Roman aqueduct.
Pointed arches were most often used by builders of Gothic-style architecture.
The advantage to using a pointed arch, rather than a circular arch, is that the arch action in a pointed arch produces less thrust at the base.
This innovation allowed for taller and more closely spaced openings, typical of Gothic architecture
Vaults are essentially "adjacent arches [that] are assembled side by side."
If vaults intersect, complex forms are produced with the intersections.
The forms, along with the "strongly expressed ribs at the vault intersections, were dominant architectural features of Gothic cathedrals."
The parabolic arch employs the principle that when weight is uniformly applied to an arch, the internal compression resulting from that weight will follow a parabolic profile.
Of any arch type, the parabolic arch produces the most thrust at the base, but can span the largest areas.
It is commonly used in bridge design, where long spans are needed.
The document provides an overview of various architectural styles throughout history, beginning with Egyptian architecture. It discusses key characteristics of Egyptian architecture such as columns derived from plant forms. Subsequent sections cover Greek architecture and the three original orders as well as Roman architecture and its innovative use of vaults and concrete. Byzantine architecture is described as utilizing brickwork and dome structures. The document concludes with a brief section on Gothic architecture and its emphasis on skeletal stone structures and the symbolic use of light.
Summery about Gothic and Romanesque architecture in Europe (Italy ,France,Germany,England and Spain (Gothic)
Reference : Fletcher (A HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IN COMPARATIVE METHOD).
This document provides information on the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and Byzantine periods as they relate to architecture and interiors. It discusses the evolution of mastabas and pyramids in Egypt. For Greece, it covers the different architectural orders and provides examples of temples from the Archaic and Classical periods. Information is given on Roman structures like aqueducts, triumphal arches, amphitheaters, and the Pantheon. Finally, the document summarizes the architectural achievements of Byzantium, focusing on Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.
Early human shelters attempted to defy gravity through structures like oval huts made of branches and animal hides. Ancient architectural innovations like Stonehenge and Egyptian pyramids used precise alignments and pyramid shapes to reference cosmic forces and allow monumental structures to reach for the sky. Advances in arch, vaulting, flying buttresses, and other Gothic techniques freed architectural design from rigid geometry and allowed buildings to appear to defy the weight of gravity through greater heights and openings.
Gothic architecture originated in 12th century France and is characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. Abbot Suger of St. Denis Abbey invented Gothic architecture when he rebuilt the abbey church in the 1120s using these features, including the first known rose window above the west portal. Gothic architecture then spread across Europe over subsequent centuries.
G 9 art 1st grading classical art architectureDang de Leon
This document discusses classical art architecture from prehistoric to Gothic periods. It describes three types of megalithic structures from the prehistoric era: menhirs, dolmens, and cromlechs. It then covers Egyptian architecture including pyramids at Giza and temples aligned with astronomical events. Greek architecture featured three orders of columns. Roman architecture utilized arches, vaults and concrete. Byzantine architecture advanced the dome design seen in Hagia Sophia. Romanesque architecture displayed rounded arches and vaults while Gothic introduced pointed arches and ribbed vaults seen in cathedrals like Chartres.
The document summarizes key details about the Pantheon in Rome, including that it was built between 118-125 AD during the reign of Emperor Hadrian, making it nearly 2,000 years old. It functions architecturally through its large concrete dome without reinforcing, portico entrance, and oculus opening at the top. The building was later converted to a church in 609 AD and contains tombs of notable people like Raphael.
The document discusses various architectural elements used in Roman structures such as arches, barrel vaults, groin vaults and domes. It explains how arches work by converting tensile stresses into compression, allowing Romans to span greater distances with stone than previous builders. It then provides examples of specific Roman architectural features like Roman concrete and various temple designs.
This document provides an overview of architectural styles from ancient Egyptian architecture to Baroque architecture. It describes key characteristics of each style. Egyptian architecture is characterized by pyramidal structures like the Great Pyramids of Giza. Greek architecture used post-and-lintel construction for temples. Roman architecture combined columns, beams and arches, developing techniques like the stone arch and concrete vault. Gothic cathedrals featured pointed arches, large windows, and elaborate decorations. Renaissance architecture was influenced by classical Greek and Roman styles but adapted for original designs. Baroque architecture flourished in the 17th-18th centuries, known for elaborate sculptural ornamentation.
HOA-CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE & EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE.pptxEdgarTalan
The document provides information on classical Greek architecture. It discusses the key periods including the Early Period with structures like the Palace of Knossos and Treasury of Atreus. The Hellenic Period saw the rise of temple architecture with orders like the Parthenon built from stone, marble, and terracotta. The three classical orders of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian are also outlined according to their distinguishing structural elements.
What is a Column?
The column was an architectural invention which allowed for the support of ceilings without the use of solid walls, thereby increasing the space which could be spanned by a ceiling, allowing the entrance of light and offering an alternative aesthetic to building exteriors, particularly in the peristyles of temples and on colonnades along stoas.
Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest.
In architecture, "column" refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features.
A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are "engaged", that is to say form part of a wall.
Columns could also be incorporated (engaged) within walls or be free-standing and carry sculpture to commemorate particular events or people.
General classification of arches and Roofing systems ( Domes & Vaults) In we...Shayan S. Zangana
The document discusses the history and types of arches, vaults, and domes in Western architecture from ancient Greek to Renaissance periods. It provides definitions and examples of different arch types like semi-circular, pointed, and horseshoe arches. Vault types discussed include barrel, groin, and rib vaults. Dome structures from the Pantheon and Hagia Sophia are examined. The document contrasts the use of these elements between architectural styles, such as the Greeks' reliance on trabeated construction versus the Romans' incorporation of arches, vaults, and domes.
The Romans borrowed heavily from the Etruscans and Greeks in developing their architecture. They used elements like columns, arches, concrete, and domes. However, the Romans also innovated by developing new architectural forms to meet their functional needs. Some of their most significant structures included aqueducts to transport water, amphitheaters and the Colosseum for entertainment, the Pantheon and basilicas for worship, and an extensive road network for transportation. Roman architectural innovations like the arch, concrete construction, and domes allowed them to build on a massive scale.
The evolution of tombs in ancient Egypt ssusera531b5
بحث يصف تطور عمارة المقابر الملكية في مصر القديمة من بداية استخدام المصاطب و حتي مقابر وادي الملوك
Research describes the evolution of tombs from Mastaba to Pyramids in ancient Egypt
The document provides an overview of pre-historic and ancient paintings from various eras and regions. It describes cave paintings found at the Cave of Lascaux from 5,000-10,000 BC depicting large animals. It also discusses Egyptian paintings found in tombs that were meant to make the deceased's afterlife pleasant by depicting myths and events from their life. Paintings from the Classical Greek era included those on vases, panels, and tombs depicting battle scenes, myths, and everyday life using techniques like fresco and encaustic.
The document provides an overview of Etruscan culture and burial practices. The Etruscans inhabited what is now central Italy and buried their dead in elaborate terra cotta sarcophagi placed in beehive-shaped tombs. The tombs were decorated with sculptures and paintings depicting banquets and sexual acts. The Etruscans held social gatherings in the tombs to honor their deceased ancestors. Their culture was eventually assimilated by the expanding Roman Empire.
The document traces the historical development of architecture from early human settlements to the 21st century. It discusses the evolution from cave dwellings to the first permanent structures in places like Jericho around 8000 BC. Major early civilizations that influenced architecture are mentioned, including Mesopotamia with its ziggurats and mud bricks, Ancient Egypt with pyramids and temples, Ancient Greece which refined architectural elements like columns, and Ancient Rome which developed arches, vaults, and concrete construction. Subsequent styles discussed include Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, 19th century Eclecticism, Modernism, Post-Modernism, and contemporary architecture.
The document traces the historical development of architecture from early human settlements to the 21st century. It discusses the evolution from cave dwellings to the first permanent structures in places like Jericho around 8000 BC. Major early civilizations that influenced architecture are mentioned, including Mesopotamia with its ziggurats and mud bricks, Ancient Egypt with pyramids and temples, Ancient Greece which refined architectural elements like columns, and Ancient Rome which developed arches, vaults, and large domes using concrete. Subsequent styles through history are also summarized such as Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Modernism. The document concludes that contemporary architecture in the 21st century incorporates multiple global styles.
The document discusses the evolution of architectural technology and construction shapes throughout history. It begins with ancient shapes like beams and columns used by early civilizations, as well as pyramids constructed by the Egyptians. It then examines the development of arches during the Romanesque period. A case study of the Alhambra palace highlights innovative water supply technologies used. Newer construction shapes introduced during the Industrial Revolution included trusses, cables, and thin concrete shells, as exemplified by notable structures like the Eiffel Tower and Guggenheim Bilbao museum. The future of architecture is predicted to continue innovating with new materials and sustainable designs.
This document discusses various artistic traditions related to mortality and immortality across different cultures and time periods. It begins by examining ancient tombs, mounds, and structures oriented towards celestial bodies like Stonehenge. Egyptian pyramids and tombs decorated with paintings are discussed. Etruscan tombs simulated domestic interiors. Massive tombs were constructed for China's First Emperor and the Moche civilization. Viking ship burials and Christian catacombs are also summarized. The document concludes by looking at modern commemorative practices like cemeteries, memorials, and the AIDS memorial quilt.
2. art history ancient art (prehistoric roman art)ChstrMprnm
This document provides an overview of ancient art from prehistoric times through the Roman era. It discusses the major styles and forms of art from Egypt, Greece, and Rome. For Egypt, it describes pyramids, sculpture like the Great Sphinx, and wall paintings containing hieroglyphics. For Greece, it outlines the three architectural orders, periods of sculpture, and painted pottery. For Rome, it examines architectural structures like basilicas, pantheons, and colosseums as well as forms of art like sculptures, murals, and baths.
This document provides an overview of Western classical art traditions including painting, sculpture, and architecture from prehistoric times through the Romanesque period. It discusses key characteristics of styles in each historical period, highlighting examples of cave paintings from the prehistoric period, Egyptian hieroglyphics and pyramids, Greek temples and sculptures, Roman architecture like the Colosseum, Byzantine churches featuring domes and mosaics like Hagia Sophia, and Romanesque paintings in manuscripts. The document serves as an introductory guide to the major developments and influences in Western art history across civilizations.
Evolution and Development of Arts & Architecture (as one of the intrinsic parts of Civilization)in Europe mainly in Greece and Rome occupy a significant position in the history of Human Civilization.
The culture of Art & Architecture was started in Greece in 450 B.C. In case of Romanian Arts and Architecture it was around 1st century BC the same was got developed and mostly inspired by Greek civilization.
The Art & Architecture in ancient Greece all shared the same general form: Rows of columns supporting a horizontal entablature ( a kind of decorative molding) and a triangular roof. At each end of the roof, the above entablature, was a triangle space known as the pediment, into which sculptors squeezed elaborate scenes. In case of Rome, the Art & Architecture includes painting, sculptures, mosaic works etc. Sculpture was perhaps considered as the highest form of art in Rome.
G 9 art 1st grading classical art architectureDang de Leon
This document discusses classical art architecture from prehistoric to Gothic periods. It describes three types of megalithic structures from the prehistoric era: menhirs, dolmens, and cromlechs. It then covers Egyptian architecture including pyramids at Giza and temples aligned with astronomical events. Greek architecture featured three orders of columns. Roman architecture utilized arches, vaults and concrete. Byzantine architecture advanced the dome design seen in Hagia Sophia. Romanesque architecture displayed rounded arches and vaults while Gothic introduced pointed arches and ribbed vaults seen in cathedrals like Chartres.
The document summarizes key details about the Pantheon in Rome, including that it was built between 118-125 AD during the reign of Emperor Hadrian, making it nearly 2,000 years old. It functions architecturally through its large concrete dome without reinforcing, portico entrance, and oculus opening at the top. The building was later converted to a church in 609 AD and contains tombs of notable people like Raphael.
The document discusses various architectural elements used in Roman structures such as arches, barrel vaults, groin vaults and domes. It explains how arches work by converting tensile stresses into compression, allowing Romans to span greater distances with stone than previous builders. It then provides examples of specific Roman architectural features like Roman concrete and various temple designs.
This document provides an overview of architectural styles from ancient Egyptian architecture to Baroque architecture. It describes key characteristics of each style. Egyptian architecture is characterized by pyramidal structures like the Great Pyramids of Giza. Greek architecture used post-and-lintel construction for temples. Roman architecture combined columns, beams and arches, developing techniques like the stone arch and concrete vault. Gothic cathedrals featured pointed arches, large windows, and elaborate decorations. Renaissance architecture was influenced by classical Greek and Roman styles but adapted for original designs. Baroque architecture flourished in the 17th-18th centuries, known for elaborate sculptural ornamentation.
HOA-CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE & EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE.pptxEdgarTalan
The document provides information on classical Greek architecture. It discusses the key periods including the Early Period with structures like the Palace of Knossos and Treasury of Atreus. The Hellenic Period saw the rise of temple architecture with orders like the Parthenon built from stone, marble, and terracotta. The three classical orders of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian are also outlined according to their distinguishing structural elements.
What is a Column?
The column was an architectural invention which allowed for the support of ceilings without the use of solid walls, thereby increasing the space which could be spanned by a ceiling, allowing the entrance of light and offering an alternative aesthetic to building exteriors, particularly in the peristyles of temples and on colonnades along stoas.
Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest.
In architecture, "column" refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features.
A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are "engaged", that is to say form part of a wall.
Columns could also be incorporated (engaged) within walls or be free-standing and carry sculpture to commemorate particular events or people.
General classification of arches and Roofing systems ( Domes & Vaults) In we...Shayan S. Zangana
The document discusses the history and types of arches, vaults, and domes in Western architecture from ancient Greek to Renaissance periods. It provides definitions and examples of different arch types like semi-circular, pointed, and horseshoe arches. Vault types discussed include barrel, groin, and rib vaults. Dome structures from the Pantheon and Hagia Sophia are examined. The document contrasts the use of these elements between architectural styles, such as the Greeks' reliance on trabeated construction versus the Romans' incorporation of arches, vaults, and domes.
The Romans borrowed heavily from the Etruscans and Greeks in developing their architecture. They used elements like columns, arches, concrete, and domes. However, the Romans also innovated by developing new architectural forms to meet their functional needs. Some of their most significant structures included aqueducts to transport water, amphitheaters and the Colosseum for entertainment, the Pantheon and basilicas for worship, and an extensive road network for transportation. Roman architectural innovations like the arch, concrete construction, and domes allowed them to build on a massive scale.
The evolution of tombs in ancient Egypt ssusera531b5
بحث يصف تطور عمارة المقابر الملكية في مصر القديمة من بداية استخدام المصاطب و حتي مقابر وادي الملوك
Research describes the evolution of tombs from Mastaba to Pyramids in ancient Egypt
The document provides an overview of pre-historic and ancient paintings from various eras and regions. It describes cave paintings found at the Cave of Lascaux from 5,000-10,000 BC depicting large animals. It also discusses Egyptian paintings found in tombs that were meant to make the deceased's afterlife pleasant by depicting myths and events from their life. Paintings from the Classical Greek era included those on vases, panels, and tombs depicting battle scenes, myths, and everyday life using techniques like fresco and encaustic.
The document provides an overview of Etruscan culture and burial practices. The Etruscans inhabited what is now central Italy and buried their dead in elaborate terra cotta sarcophagi placed in beehive-shaped tombs. The tombs were decorated with sculptures and paintings depicting banquets and sexual acts. The Etruscans held social gatherings in the tombs to honor their deceased ancestors. Their culture was eventually assimilated by the expanding Roman Empire.
The document traces the historical development of architecture from early human settlements to the 21st century. It discusses the evolution from cave dwellings to the first permanent structures in places like Jericho around 8000 BC. Major early civilizations that influenced architecture are mentioned, including Mesopotamia with its ziggurats and mud bricks, Ancient Egypt with pyramids and temples, Ancient Greece which refined architectural elements like columns, and Ancient Rome which developed arches, vaults, and concrete construction. Subsequent styles discussed include Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, 19th century Eclecticism, Modernism, Post-Modernism, and contemporary architecture.
The document traces the historical development of architecture from early human settlements to the 21st century. It discusses the evolution from cave dwellings to the first permanent structures in places like Jericho around 8000 BC. Major early civilizations that influenced architecture are mentioned, including Mesopotamia with its ziggurats and mud bricks, Ancient Egypt with pyramids and temples, Ancient Greece which refined architectural elements like columns, and Ancient Rome which developed arches, vaults, and large domes using concrete. Subsequent styles through history are also summarized such as Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Modernism. The document concludes that contemporary architecture in the 21st century incorporates multiple global styles.
The document discusses the evolution of architectural technology and construction shapes throughout history. It begins with ancient shapes like beams and columns used by early civilizations, as well as pyramids constructed by the Egyptians. It then examines the development of arches during the Romanesque period. A case study of the Alhambra palace highlights innovative water supply technologies used. Newer construction shapes introduced during the Industrial Revolution included trusses, cables, and thin concrete shells, as exemplified by notable structures like the Eiffel Tower and Guggenheim Bilbao museum. The future of architecture is predicted to continue innovating with new materials and sustainable designs.
This document discusses various artistic traditions related to mortality and immortality across different cultures and time periods. It begins by examining ancient tombs, mounds, and structures oriented towards celestial bodies like Stonehenge. Egyptian pyramids and tombs decorated with paintings are discussed. Etruscan tombs simulated domestic interiors. Massive tombs were constructed for China's First Emperor and the Moche civilization. Viking ship burials and Christian catacombs are also summarized. The document concludes by looking at modern commemorative practices like cemeteries, memorials, and the AIDS memorial quilt.
2. art history ancient art (prehistoric roman art)ChstrMprnm
This document provides an overview of ancient art from prehistoric times through the Roman era. It discusses the major styles and forms of art from Egypt, Greece, and Rome. For Egypt, it describes pyramids, sculpture like the Great Sphinx, and wall paintings containing hieroglyphics. For Greece, it outlines the three architectural orders, periods of sculpture, and painted pottery. For Rome, it examines architectural structures like basilicas, pantheons, and colosseums as well as forms of art like sculptures, murals, and baths.
This document provides an overview of Western classical art traditions including painting, sculpture, and architecture from prehistoric times through the Romanesque period. It discusses key characteristics of styles in each historical period, highlighting examples of cave paintings from the prehistoric period, Egyptian hieroglyphics and pyramids, Greek temples and sculptures, Roman architecture like the Colosseum, Byzantine churches featuring domes and mosaics like Hagia Sophia, and Romanesque paintings in manuscripts. The document serves as an introductory guide to the major developments and influences in Western art history across civilizations.
Evolution and Development of Arts & Architecture (as one of the intrinsic parts of Civilization)in Europe mainly in Greece and Rome occupy a significant position in the history of Human Civilization.
The culture of Art & Architecture was started in Greece in 450 B.C. In case of Romanian Arts and Architecture it was around 1st century BC the same was got developed and mostly inspired by Greek civilization.
The Art & Architecture in ancient Greece all shared the same general form: Rows of columns supporting a horizontal entablature ( a kind of decorative molding) and a triangular roof. At each end of the roof, the above entablature, was a triangle space known as the pediment, into which sculptors squeezed elaborate scenes. In case of Rome, the Art & Architecture includes painting, sculptures, mosaic works etc. Sculpture was perhaps considered as the highest form of art in Rome.
Best Digital Marketing Strategy Build Your Online Presence 2024.pptxpavankumarpayexelsol
This presentation provides a comprehensive guide to the best digital marketing strategies for 2024, focusing on enhancing your online presence. Key topics include understanding and targeting your audience, building a user-friendly and mobile-responsive website, leveraging the power of social media platforms, optimizing content for search engines, and using email marketing to foster direct engagement. By adopting these strategies, you can increase brand visibility, drive traffic, generate leads, and ultimately boost sales, ensuring your business thrives in the competitive digital landscape.
Practical eLearning Makeovers for EveryoneBianca Woods
Welcome to Practical eLearning Makeovers for Everyone. In this presentation, we’ll take a look at a bunch of easy-to-use visual design tips and tricks. And we’ll do this by using them to spruce up some eLearning screens that are in dire need of a new look.
1. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the style of architecture which
flourished in Europe during the high and
late medieval period. Its characteristic
features include the Pointed Arch, the
Ribbed Vault, and the Flying Buttress
1.
a. Renaissance Architecture
b. Romanesque Architecture
c. Byzantine Architecture
d. Gothic Architecture
2. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the style of architecture which
flourished in Europe during the high and
late medieval period. Its characteristic
features include the Pointed Arch, the
Ribbed Vault, and the Flying Buttress
1.
a. Renaissance Architecture
b. Romanesque Architecture
c. Byzantine Architecture
d. Gothic Architecture
3. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A high pyramidal staged tower, of
which the angles were oriented to the
cardinal points, which formed an
important element in ancient
Mesopotamian temple complexes.
2.
a. Pyramid
b. Obelisk
c. Pylon
d. Ziggurat
4. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A high pyramidal staged tower, of
which the angles were oriented to the
cardinal points, which formed an
important element in ancient
Mesopotamian temple complexes.
2.
a. Pyramid
b. Obelisk
c. Pylon
d. Ziggurat
5. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A wheel window is a circular window,
whose mullions converge like the
spokes of a wheel. What is the other
term for a wheel window?
3.
a. Radial Window
b. Round Window
c. Rose Window
d. Dormer Window
6. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A wheel window is a circular window,
whose mullions converge like the
spokes of a wheel. What is the other
term for a wheel window?
3.
a. Radial Window
b. Round Window
c. Rose Window
d. Dormer Window
7. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The truncated wedge-shaped blocks
forming an arch.
4.
a. Keystone
b. Archivolt
c. Voussoir
d. Soffit
8. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The truncated wedge-shaped blocks
forming an arch.
4.
a. Keystone
b. Archivolt
c. Voussoir
d. Soffit
9. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is an upright slab forming a Greek
Tombstone or carrying an inscription.
5.
a. Stele
b. Stellar
c. Bas Relief
d. Tablet
10. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is an upright slab forming a Greek
Tombstone or carrying an inscription.
5.
a. Stele
b. Stellar
c. Bas Relief
d. Tablet
11. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the dining hall in a monastery,
convent or college.
6.
a. Refractory
b. Kitchenette
c. Dinette
d. Refectory
12. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the dining hall in a monastery,
convent or college.
6.
a. Refractory
b. Kitchenette
c. Dinette
d. Refectory
13. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A term applied to a type of Renaissance
ornament which rock-like forms, fantastic
scrolls and crimped shells are worked up
together in a profusion and confusion of
detail often without organic coherence, but
presenting a lavish display of decoration.
7.
a. Rococo
b. Baroque
c. Art Deco
d. Art Noveau
14. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A term applied to a type of Renaissance
ornament which rock-like forms, fantastic
scrolls and crimped shells are worked up
together in a profusion and confusion of
detail often without organic coherence, but
presenting a lavish display of decoration.
7.
a. Rococo
b. Baroque
c. Art Deco
d. Art Noveau
15. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A vault in which each bay is divided
by intersecting diagonal ribs into four
parts.
8.
a. Groin Vault
b. Quadripartite Vault or Vaulting
c. Barrel Vault
d. Pendentive
16. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A vault in which each bay is divided
by intersecting diagonal ribs into four
parts.
8.
a. Groin Vault
b. Quadripartite Vault or Vaulting
c. Barrel Vault
d. Pendentive
17. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A large convex moulding, used
principally in the bases of columns.
9.
a. Scotia
b. Cavetto
c. Torus
d. Bead
18. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A large convex moulding, used
principally in the bases of columns.
9.
a. Scotia
b. Cavetto
c. Torus
d. Bead
19. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Egyptian architecture, it is a richly
carved coffin.
10.
a. Crypt
b. Stele
c. Sarcophagus
d. Mastaba
20. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Egyptian architecture, it is a richly
carved coffin.
10.
a. Crypt
b. Stele
c. Sarcophagus
d. Mastaba
21. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is a method of forming stonework
with roughened surfaces and recessed
joints, principally employed in
Renaissance buildings.
11.
a. Mosaic
b. Rustication
c. Roughing-in
d. Incrustation
22. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is a method of forming stonework
with roughened surfaces and recessed
joints, principally employed in
Renaissance buildings.
11.
a. Mosaic
b. Rustication
c. Roughing-in
d. Incrustation
23. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A temple with a portico at both ends.
12.
a. Amphi-prostylar
b. Amphi-antis
c. Peristylar
d. Prostylar
24. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A temple with a portico at both ends.
12.
a. Amphi-prostylar
b. Amphi-antis
c. Peristylar
d. Prostylar
25. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An arched opening flanked by two
smaller square headed openings
developed by Andrea Palladio.
13.
a. Intercolumniation
b. Superposition
c. Palladian Motif
d. Palatial Motif
26. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An arched opening flanked by two
smaller square headed openings
developed by Andrea Palladio.
13.
a. Intercolumniation
b. Superposition
c. Palladian Motif
d. Palatial Motif
27. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A Greek public building for the
training of athletes
14.
a. Gymnasium
b. Palaestra
c. Insula
d. Hippodrome
28. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A Greek public building for the
training of athletes
14.
a. Gymnasium
b. Palaestra
c. Insula
d. Hippodrome
29. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In ancient Greece, a course for horse
and chariot racing.
15.
a. Circus
b. Hippodrome
c. Coliseum
d. Amphitheater
30. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In ancient Greece, a course for horse
and chariot racing.
15.
a. Circus
b. Hippodrome
c. Coliseum
d. Amphitheater
31. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the hollow-and-roll moulding of
an Egyptian cornice. Also found in
Persian Architecture.
16.
a. Helix
b. Flute
c. Gorge Cornice
d. Ovolo
32. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the hollow-and-roll moulding of
an Egyptian cornice. Also found in
Persian Architecture.
16.
a. Helix
b. Flute
c. Gorge Cornice
d. Ovolo
33. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Egyptian architecture, it is a tall
pillar of square section tapering
upwards and ending in a pyramid.
17.
a. Pylon
b. Ziggurat
c. Sphinx
d. Obelisk
34. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Egyptian architecture, it is a tall
pillar of square section tapering
upwards and ending in a pyramid.
17.
a. Pylon
b. Ziggurat
c. Sphinx
d. Obelisk
35. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is a long arcaded entrance porch to
a Christian Basilican church, originally
allocated to penitents.
18.
a. Narthex
b. Nave
c. Aisles
d. Transept
36. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is a long arcaded entrance porch to
a Christian Basilican church, originally
allocated to penitents.
18.
a. Narthex
b. Nave
c. Aisles
d. Transept
37. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Greek Architecture, it is a portico
or detached colonnade
19.
a. Propylea
b. Stoa
c. Peribolus
d. Temenos
38. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Greek Architecture, it is a portico
or detached colonnade
19.
a. Propylea
b. Stoa
c. Peribolus
d. Temenos
39. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Is that part of a cruciform church,
projecting at right angles to the main
building?
20.
a. Apse
b. Baptistery
c. Narthex
d. Transept
40. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Is that part of a cruciform church,
projecting at right angles to the main
building?
20.
a. Apse
b. Baptistery
c. Narthex
d. Transept
41. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is a Greek senate building or
council house.
21.
a. Megaron
b. Bouleuterion
c. Bauhaus
d. Agora
42. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is a Greek senate building or
council house.
21.
a. Megaron
b. Bouleuterion
c. Bauhaus
d. Agora
43. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Are carved male figure serving as
pillars, also called Telamones.
22.
a. Canephora
b. Atlantes
c. Grotesque
d. Gargoyle
44. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Are carved male figure serving as
pillars, also called Telamones.
22.
a. Canephora
b. Atlantes
c. Grotesque
d. Gargoyle
45. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the circular or multi angular
termination of a church sanctuary,
first applied to a Roman Basilica.
23.
a. Aisle
b. Apse
c. Nave
d. Narthex
46. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is the circular or multi angular
termination of a church sanctuary,
first applied to a Roman Basilica.
23.
a. Aisle
b. Apse
c. Nave
d. Narthex
47. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Mansard roof has a steep lower slope
and flatter upper portion. It is also
known as Gambrel Roof. It is named
after the person who developed this.
Who was this person?
24.
a. Francis Mansard
b. Francois Mansart
c. Franco Mansert
d. Frank Lloyd Wright
48. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Mansard roof has a steep lower slope
and flatter upper portion. It is also
known as Gambrel Roof. It is named
after the person who developed this.
Who was this person?
24.
a. Francis Mansard
b. Francois Mansart
c. Franco Mansert
d. Frank Lloyd Wright
49. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is an ancient Egyptian rectangular,
flat, topped funerary mound, with
battered (sloping) sides, covering a
burial chamber below ground.
25.
a. Mastaba
b. Rock-hewn Tombs
c. Pyramid
c..Cenotaph
50. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
It is an ancient Egyptian rectangular,
flat, topped funerary mound, with
battered (sloping) sides, covering a
burial chamber below ground.
25.
a. Mastaba
b. Rock-hewn Tombs
c. Pyramid
c..Cenotaph
51. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Classical Architecture, it is a triangular
piece of wall above the entablature,
enclosed by raking cornices. In Renaissance
Architecture, it is used any roof end
whether triangular, broken, or semi-circular.
26.
a. Pendentive
b. Copula
c. Pediment
d. Triangulation
52. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Classical Architecture, it is a triangular
piece of wall above the entablature,
enclosed by raking cornices. In Renaissance
Architecture, it is used any roof end
whether triangular, broken, or semi-circular.
26.
a. Pendentive
b. Copula
c. Pediment
d. Triangulation
53. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Gothic architecture, it is a small
turret-like termination on the top of
buttresses, parapets, or elsewhere,
often ornamented with bunches of
foliage called crockets.
27.
a. Spire
b. Minaret
c. Pinnacle
d. Finial
54. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Gothic architecture, it is a small
turret-like termination on the top of
buttresses, parapets, or elsewhere,
often ornamented with bunches of
foliage called crockets.
27.
a. Spire
b. Minaret
c. Pinnacle
d. Finial
55. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A rectangular feature in the shape of
a pillar, but projecting only about one-
sixth of its breadth from a wall, and
the same design as the Order with
which it is used.
28.
a. Pier
b. Pilaster
c. Plaster
d. Plinth
56. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A rectangular feature in the shape of
a pillar, but projecting only about one-
sixth of its breadth from a wall, and
the same design as the Order with
which it is used.
28.
a. Pier
b. Pilaster
c. Plaster
d. Plinth
57. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The lowest square member of the
base of a column; also applied to the
projecting stepped or moulded base
of any building.
29.
a. Plinth
b. Pilaster
c. Pedestal
d. Plate
58. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The lowest square member of the
base of a column; also applied to the
projecting stepped or moulded base
of any building.
29.
a. Plinth
b. Pilaster
c. Pedestal
d. Plate
59. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The space between Doric triglyphs
sometimes left open in ancient
examples; afterwards applied to the
carved slab.
30.
a. Metope
b. Architrave
c. Entablature
d. Pediment
60. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The space between Doric triglyphs
sometimes left open in ancient
examples; afterwards applied to the
carved slab.
30.
a. Metope
b. Architrave
c. Entablature
d. Pediment
61. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Classical Architecture, it is the term
for the spacing between the columns.
31.
a. Intercolumniation
b. Superposition
c. Column spacing
d. Imposition
62. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Classical Architecture, it is the term
for the spacing between the columns.
31.
a. Intercolumniation
b. Superposition
c. Column spacing
d. Imposition
63. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Classical architecture, it is a
building or temple without a roof or
with a central space open to the sky.
32.
a. Hypaethral
b. Tholos
c. Hypostyle
d. Gallery
64. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
In Classical architecture, it is a
building or temple without a roof or
with a central space open to the sky.
32.
a. Hypaethral
b. Tholos
c. Hypostyle
d. Gallery
65. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Are covered passages around an open
space, connecting the church to the
chapter house, refectory, and other parts of
the monastery. They were generally south
of the nave and west of the transept,
probably to secure sunlight and warmth.
33.
a. Clusters
b. Patio
c. Cloisters
d. Portico
66. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Are covered passages around an open
space, connecting the church to the
chapter house, refectory, and other parts of
the monastery. They were generally south
of the nave and west of the transept,
probably to secure sunlight and warmth.
33.
a. Clusters
b. Patio
c. Cloisters
d. Portico
67. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The chief apartment of a temple,
where the image of a God stood.
34.
a. Opisthodomos
b. Naos
c. Pronaos
d. Cella
68. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The chief apartment of a temple,
where the image of a God stood.
34.
a. Opisthodomos
b. Naos
c. Pronaos
d. Cella
69. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The part of a temple in front of the
naos, often synonymous with portico.
35.
a. Opisthodomos
b. Naos
c. Pronaos
d. Cella
70. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The part of a temple in front of the
naos, often synonymous with portico.
35.
a. Opisthodomos
b. Naos
c. Pronaos
d. Cella
71. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A temple without columns on the
sides.
36.
a. Prostylar
b. Dipteral
c. Apteral
d. Monopteral
72. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A temple without columns on the
sides.
36.
a. Prostylar
b. Dipteral
c. Apteral
d. Monopteral
73. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The western limb of a church, as
opposed to the choir; also the central
aisle of the Basilican, mediaeval, or
Renaissance church, as opposed to
the side aisles.
37.
a. Aisles
b. Narthex
c. Apse
d. Nave
74. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The western limb of a church, as
opposed to the choir; also the central
aisle of the Basilican, mediaeval, or
Renaissance church, as opposed to
the side aisles.
37.
a. Aisles
b. Narthex
c. Apse
d. Nave
75. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A phase of Spanish Architecture of the
later fifteenth and early sixteenth
centuries, an intricate style named
after its likeness to silverwork.
38.
a. Arabesque
b. Churrigueresque
c. Plateresque
d. Mannerism
76. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A phase of Spanish Architecture of the
later fifteenth and early sixteenth
centuries, an intricate style named
after its likeness to silverwork.
38.
a. Arabesque
b. Churrigueresque
c. Plateresque
d. Mannerism
77. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Sculptured female figures bearing
baskets on their heads.
39.
a. Caryatids
b. Canephorae
c. Medusa
d. Venus
78. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Sculptured female figures bearing
baskets on their heads.
39.
a. Caryatids
b. Canephorae
c. Medusa
d. Venus
79. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A sepulchral monument to a person
buried elsewhere.
40.
a. Coffin
b. Cenotaph
c. Coemeteria
d. Cemetery
80. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A sepulchral monument to a person
buried elsewhere.
40.
a. Coffin
b. Cenotaph
c. Coemeteria
d. Cemetery
81. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An upper stage in a building with
windows above adjacent roofs;
especially applied to this feature in a
church.
41.
a. Cloisters
b. Clerestory or Clearstory
c. Gallery
d. Ambulatory
82. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An upper stage in a building with
windows above adjacent roofs;
especially applied to this feature in a
church.
41.
a. Cloisters
b. Clerestory or Clearstory
c. Gallery
d. Ambulatory
83. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An upper stage in a building with windows
Groin vaults are characterized by arched
diagonal arrises or groins, which are
formed by the intersection of two barrel
vaults. What is the other term for Groin
Vaults?adjacent roofs; especially applied to
this feature in a church.
42.
a. Arris Vault
b. Barrel vault
c. Wagon vault
d. Cross Vault
84. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An upper stage in a building with windows
Groin vaults are characterized by arched
diagonal arrises or groins, which are
formed by the intersection of two barrel
vaults. What is the other term for Groin
Vaults?adjacent roofs; especially applied to
this feature in a church.
42.
a. Arris Vault
b. Barrel vault
c. Wagon vault
d. Cross Vault
85. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A Dome is a convex covering, usually
hemispherical or semi-elliptical
over a circular or polygonal space.
A Dome is also
called_____________?
43.
a. Pendentive
b. Pendant
c. Copula
d. Dormer
86. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A Dome is a convex covering, usually
hemispherical or semi-elliptical
over a circular or polygonal space.
A Dome is also
called_____________?
43.
a. Pendentive
b. Pendant
c. Copula
d. Dormer
87. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The upstanding part of an embattled
parapet, between two ‘crenelles’ or
embrasure openings.
44.
a. Eave
b. Battlement
c. Merlon
d. Corbel
88. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The upstanding part of an embattled
parapet, between two ‘crenelles’ or
embrasure openings.
44.
a. Eave
b. Battlement
c. Merlon
d. Corbel
89. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Defensive earthen bank surrounding a
castle, fortress or fortified city. May
have a stone parapet.
45.
a. Moat
b. Motte
c. Drawbridge
d. Rampart
90. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Defensive earthen bank surrounding a
castle, fortress or fortified city. May
have a stone parapet.
45.
a. Moat
b. Motte
c. Drawbridge
d. Rampart
91. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Is the ornamental pattern work in stone,
filling the upper part of a Gothic window; it
appears to have been cut out of a plate of
stone, with special reference to the shape
of the lights.
46.
a. Plate Tracery
b. Stone Tracery
c. Bar Tracery
d. Transom
92. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
Is the ornamental pattern work in stone,
filling the upper part of a Gothic window; it
appears to have been cut out of a plate of
stone, with special reference to the shape
of the lights.
46.
a. Plate Tracery
b. Stone Tracery
c. Bar Tracery
d. Transom
93. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An apartment in a Roman baths
building equipped with a large, cold
bath.
47.
a. Calidarium or Caldarium
b. Frigidarium
c. Compluvium
d. Unctuaria
94. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
An apartment in a Roman baths
building equipped with a large, cold
bath.
47.
a. Calidarium or Caldarium
b. Frigidarium
c. Compluvium
d. Unctuaria
95. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The space between the lateral walls
of the naos of a temple and the
Peristyle columns.
48.
a. Pteroma
b. Hypostyle
c. Gallery
d. Hypaethral
96. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
The space between the lateral walls
of the naos of a temple and the
Peristyle columns.
48.
a. Pteroma
b. Hypostyle
c. Gallery
d. Hypaethral
97. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A mass of masonry built against a
wall to resist the pressure of an arch
or vault.
49.
a. Pylon
b. Anta column
c. Pier
d. Buttress
98. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A mass of masonry built against a
wall to resist the pressure of an arch
or vault.
49.
a. Pylon
b. Anta column
c. Pier
d. Buttress
99. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A roofed but open-sided structure affording
an extensive view, usually located at the
roof-top of a dwelling but sometimes an
independent building on an eminence in a
landscape or garden.
50.
a. Pylon
b. terrace
c. Belvedere
d. Piazza
100. PRE BOARD (HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE)
A roofed but open-sided structure affording
an extensive view, usually located at the
roof-top of a dwelling but sometimes an
independent building on an eminence in a
landscape or garden.
50.
a. Pylon
b. terrace
c. Belvedere
d. Piazza