Air pollution occurs when harmful gases, dust particles, fumes or odors are introduced into the atmosphere. There are two main types of air pollutants - primary and secondary. Primary pollutants are emitted directly from sources like vehicle exhaust or coal combustion. Secondary pollutants form through chemical reactions between primary pollutants in the air, creating more dangerous pollutants like smog. Major air pollutants include carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, and greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide which contribute to global warming.

1. SUBJECT: AIR POLLUNATION
NAME ENROLLMENT NO.
PATEL DHRUMIL B. 150020116031
PATEL HARSH J. 150020116032
PATEL KALP R. 150020116033
PATEL KAUSHAL 150020116034
PATEL KISHAN 150020116035

2. Air is the Earth's atmosphere. It is the clear gas in which
living things live and breathe. It has an indefinite shape
and volume. It has no color or smell. It has mass
and weight. It is a matter as it has mass and weight. Air
creates atmosphere pressure.
What Is AIR?
What Is Pollutants?
A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans
and the environment is known as an air pollutant.
Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid
droplets, or gases. In addition, they may be natural or
man-made.

3. What Is Air Pollutants?
Any visible or invisible particle or gas found in the air that is not part of the
original, normal composition.
Air pollution occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes (or smoke) or odor
are introduced into the atmosphere in a way that makes it harmful to
humans, animals and plant. This is because the air becomes dirty
(contaminated or unclean).
The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air (made up of various gases) called
the atmosphere. The atmosphere helps protect the Earth and allow life to
exist. Without it, we would be burned by the intense heat of the sun during
the day or frozen by the very low temperatures at night Anything additional
gas, particles or odors that are introduced into the air (either by nature or
human activity) to destroy this natural balance can be called air pollution.
Things that pollute the air are called air pollutants.

4. Six major air pollutants
• Carbon monoxide (CO)
• Ozone (O3)
• Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
• Sulfur oxides (SOx)
• Carbon dioxide (CO2 )
• Lead (Pb)

5. Major sources of pollutants
Cars & Tracks
38%
Household & Other
Products
21%
Non-Road Engines
23%
Industry
18%
Cars & Tracks Household & Other Products Non-Road Engines Industry

6. There Are Two Types of
Pollutants
Primary Pollutants
Secondary Pollutants

7. Primary Pollutants
Primary pollutants are those gases or particles that
are pumped into the air to make it unclean. They
include carbon monoxide from automobile (cars)
exhausts and sulfur dioxide from the combustion of
coal. Primarily air pollutants can be caused by
primary sources or secondary sources. The
pollutants that are a direct result of the process can
be called primary pollutants. A classic example of a
primary pollutant would be the sulfur-dioxide
emitted from factories.

8. Primary Pollutants
13.6
14.8
16.4
6
49.1
What They Are
Volatile Organics Nitrogen Oxides
Suifur Oxides Particulates
Carbon Monoxide
27%
46%
15%
3%
9%
Where They Come From
Stationary Source Fuel Combustion
Transportation
Industrial Processes
Solid Waste Disposal
Miscellaneous

9. CARBON MONOXIDE (CO)

10. NITROGEN DIOXIDE (N02)

11. SULPHUR DIOXIDE (S02)

12. GREEN HOUSE GASES

13. Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is the main pollutant that
is warming Earth. Though living things emit carbon dioxide
when they breathe, carbon dioxide is widely considered to
be a pollutant when associated with cars, planes, power
plants, and other human activities that involve the burning
of fossil fuels such as gasoline and natural gas. In the past
150 years, such activities have pumped enough carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere to raise its levels higher than
they have been for hundreds of thousands of years.

14. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

15. Chemical Pollutants & Effects

16. PARTICULATE MATTER

17. Secondary pollutants:
When pollutants in the air mix up in a chemical
reaction, they form an even more dangerous
chemical. Photochemical smog is an example of
this, and is a secondary pollutant. Secondary
pollutants are the ones that are caused by the inter
mingling and reactions of primary pollutants.
Smog created by the interactions of several primary
pollutants is known to be as secondary pollutant.

18. GROUND LEVEL OZONE

19. SMOG
POLLUTANT SOURCES EFFECTS
Smog is another common
secondary pollutant. Smog
is a yellowish or blackish fog
formed mainly by a mixture
of pollutants in the
atmosphere which consists
of fine particles and ground
level ozone. Smog which
occurs mainly because of air
pollution, can also be
defined as a mixture of
various gases with dust and
water vapor
Smog is caused when car
emissions and industrial
pollution interact with sunlight.
Smog is often caused by heavy
traffic, high temperatures,
sunshine and calm winds. These
are few of the factors behind
increasing level of air pollution
in atmosphere. During the
winter months when the wind
speeds are low, it helps the
smoke and fog to become
stagnate at a place forming
smog and increasing pollution
levels near the ground closer to
where people are respiring.
Smog affects plant life and the
health of animals and humans. It
is harmful to humans, animals,
plants and the nature as a
whole. Smog lead to bronchial
diseases. Heavy smog results in
a low production of the crucial
natural element vitamin D
leading to cases of rickets
among people. Smog can be
responsible for any ailment from
minor pains to deadly
pulmonary diseases such as lung
cancer. Smog is well known for
causing irritation in the eye.

20. EFFECTS
OF SMOG