This ppt. will give you overview of all the topics of air pollution... do leave comments about my ppt

1. CGC Technical Campus,
Jhanjeri
Presentation on environmental Pollution
Presented by
 Abhilasha Branch:- CSE
 Akash sharma Section:- A+B
 Akash grewal
 Akshat
 Akshay
 Aman bhau  Presented to:-
 Amit Dhanjal Ms.Shilpa
 Amit kaushik (EVS lecturer)
 Amandeep
1

2. POLLUTION
There are many kinds of pollution :-
1.Air pollution
2.Water pollution
3.Soil Pollution
4.Marine Pollution
5.Noise Pollution
6.Thermal pollution
2

3. AIR POLLUTION
3

4. Outline of Presentation:
Air Pollution
 Definition
 Types
 Air Pollutants
 Sources of Air Pollutants
 Impacts of Air Pollution
 Air Pollution Control
4

5. Definition:
The phenomena of presence of one or more
contaminants in air due to natural phenomena or by
human activities in such amount and duration that
may adversely affect human, animals or plants life
, property or comfort is called Air Pollution.
5

6. Types Of Air Pollution:
These are of 2 types:
1- Indoor Air Pollution (inside home) :-
 Smoking,
 Stove,
 Insecticide,
 Cosmetics,
 Cleaning
material, etc.
6

7. 2- Outdoor Air Pollution:
 Atmospheric Air Pollution
 Vehicles,
 Factories,
 Volcanic
eruption etc.
7

8. Air Pollutants/ Contaminants:
The substances which contaminate air are called air
pollutants.
Air Pollutants are categorized in Two broad
Categories:
(a) Primary:
Primary pollutants are those released directly into
the air. Such as CO, NO2, SO2 etc.
(b) Secondary:
Primary Pollutants are converted into other
compounds in atmosphere due to chemical
8
reaction with each other or Photochemical

9. 9

10. Sources of Air Pollutants:
There are Two main sources:-
1- Natural Sources:
Forest fires, volcanic eruptions, wind erosion, pollen
dispersal, evaporation of organic compounds, and
natural radioactivity.
10

11. 2- Human-made sources:
Burning fuels (mobile or stationary), power plants
, fertilizers , fumes from paint, hair spray, varnish
and many cleaning products.
11

12. Main Air Pollutants:
There are several air pollutants, but Six of them are
very common which are known as “ Criteria
Pollutants” which are :-
1) Carbon mono oxide (CO)
2) Lead (Pb)
3) Nitrogen di-oxide (NO2)
4) Ozone (O3)
5) Sulphur di-oxide (SO2)
6) Particulate Matter
12

13. Main Pollutants and their health
Impacts:
1- Carbon Monoxide:
 Colorless, odorless & toxic gas.
 Formed when carbon-containing fuel is not burned
completely.
 Motor vehicles are the predominant source of
carbon monoxide.
Impacts:
 Decrease O2 carrying capacity of blood
 Weakens heart contraction
 Affects lungs and brain function
13

14. 2- Lead (Pb):
 Highly toxic metal used in household products,
 Automobile fuel,
 Industrial chemicals.
 Airborne lead associated automobile exhaust.
Impacts:
 Damage central nerves system.
 Damaging mental development of young children.
14

15. 3- Ozone (O3):
 Ozone is a pungent-smelling, colorless gas.
 The highest ozone levels occur on hot summer
afternoons.
Impacts:
 Reduce lungs function.
 Weakens the immune system.
 Skin cancer.
 Destroy crops & forest.
15

16. 4- Sulphur Dioxide (SO2):
 Belongs to a family of gases called sulphur
oxides (SOX).
 Roughly one-third of atmospheric sulfur
compounds come from human-made sources.
 Of this one-third, only 5% of SO2 emissions
come from mobile sources.
Impacts:
 Respiratory and pulmonary difficulties;
 React with NOX and other chemicals cause acid
rain.
16

17. 5-Nitrogen Oxides (NOX):
 Comprise a family of highly reactive gases
(NO2 ,NO and N2O).
 The burning of fossil fuels, produce NO and NO2.
 In the atmosphere, NO reacts to form NO2.
Impacts:
 NO2 is a lung irritant,
 Cause of acid rain,
 Cause ground level ozone.
17

18. 6- Particulate Matter (PM):
 PM either solid particles or liquid droplets.
 Measured in micrometers (µm).
Impacts:
 Inhaled and lodged in the lungs and produce
respiratory illness.
18

19. Impacts of Air pollution on
Environment
 Acid Rain
 Global warming and Green House effects
 Ozone Layer Depletion
 Smog
19

20. ACID RAIN
 Acid rain is caused when the
pollutants combine with
water droplets in the air
 Acid rain increases acidity
of Soil and Water ,thus
affecting land , flora and
fauna
 It corrodes buildings
, monuments, bridges and
railing etc.
 Buildings like Taj Mahal
, British parliament , and
20
many buildings and

21. Global Warming and Green
House effect
 The increase in the
temperature of atmosphere
due to presence of CO2 is
called “Green House
Effect”
 If CO2 concentration is
increased more Infra red
radiations will the trapped
leading to global rise in
temperature called “global
warming”
 Global warming has lead to
21
melting of ice caps and

22. OZONE LAYER DEPLETION
 Chemicals released by our
activities affect the
stratosphere .
 The release of CFC’s from
heating , aerosol cans , and
refrigeration equipments
leads to depletion of ozone
layer
 Ozone layer protects us
from the UV rays but due to
depletion of ozone layer
, exposure to U.V
22 radiations has lead to
many serious problems.

23. SMOG
 Smog is a type of large
scale outdoor pollution .
 Smog is a combination of
smoke and fog.
 It is of 2 types:-
photochemical and coal
induced smog
 Photochemical – is a
mixture of pollutants
which includes
particulates , nitrogen
oxides etc.
Coal induced –formed by
 23

24. SOLUTIONS
Stationary Source Air Pollution
Prevention Dispersion or
Cleanup
Burn low-sulfur coal
Disperse emissions
above thermal
inversion layer with tall
Remove sulfur from smokestacks
coal
Remove pollutants
Convert coal to a after combustion
liquid or gaseous
fuel
Shift to less polluting Tax each unit of
energy sources pollution produced
Fig. 18-22, p. 491

25. SOLUTIONS
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution
Prevention Cleanup
Use mass transit Require emission
Walk or bike control devices
Use less
polluting fuels
Improve fuel Inspect car
efficiency exhaust systems
twice a year
Get older, polluting
cars off the road
Give large tax write-
offs or rebates for
buying low- Set strict
polluting, energy emission
efficient vehicles standards
Fig. 18-23, p. 491

26. SOLUTIONS
Air Pollution
Outdoor Indoor
Improve energy efficiency Reduce poverty
to reduce fossil fuel use
Rely more on lower- Distribute cheap and
polluting natural gas efficient cookstoves or
solar cookers to poor
Rely more on families in developing
renewable energy countries
(especially solar cells,
wind, and solar-
produced hydrogen) Reduce or ban
indoor smoking
Transfer energy
efficiency, renewable Develop simple and
energy, and pollution cheap tests for indoor
prevention technologies pollutants such as
to developing countries particulates, radon, and
formaldehyde
Fig. 18-26, p. 493

27. Thank You
27