The document discusses the aims, scope, and objectives of industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology. The aims are to help workers produce maximum output with minimum cost and effort while experiencing maximum comfort. The scope includes personnel, social-industrial, and consumer psychology. The objectives are to discover optimal human conditions at work, assist with vocational selection and hiring, reduce fatigue and boredom, develop incentive plans, address issues, provide training, and more.

2. AIM OF I/O PHYCHOLOGY
 To help the worker to :
Produce maximum with minimum cost
With minimum effort and maximum comfort

3. SCOPE OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY
As per Tiffin Mc Cormick (1971):
 Personnel Psychology
 Social industrial Psychology
 Consumer Psychology

4. OBJECTIVES OF I/O PSYCHOLOGY
 To discover best possible human conditions at work
 To make a choice of best vocation according to ability an d
aptitude of the individuals
 Selection of most suitable worker
 Most effective way of avoiding fatigue , monotony and boredom
 Best possible incentive plan
 To discover cause and remedy of irritation
 To suggest suitable methods of training the labourers,
supervisors and executives
 To develop tests, questionnaires and other instruments for
surveys and studies
 To study psychological climate of the work situation
 To train people to use safety devices, develop consciousness in
using preventive measures so as to avoid accidents

5. Airport Health & Wellness Program Flies High
Vancouver International Airport Authority

10. Success Indicator – Fitness and
Balance programme
•More than one-third of employees are registered in the program for 2003;
•„
Total absenteeism dropped from 4.07% in 1999 to 2.56% in 2002; „
•Workers Compensation Board (WCB) injuries dropped from 22 in 1999 to
6 in 2002; and „
•WCB 'days lost' dropped from 223 in 1999 to 24 in 2002.

11. Research Methods of Psychology
 Experimental Method
 The Naturalistic Observation Method
 The Survey Method
 Standardized Tests
 Case Studies
 Archival Research

12. Experimental Method
 The main objective of an experiment is to discover the effect of
an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV).
 IV: variable to be manipulated; independent of what the
participant does
 DV: variable being measured; depends on the IV
Ex. Effect of Music on Memory
A research design characterized by a high degree of control over
the research setting to allow for the determination of cause-and-
effect relationship among variables.

13. The Naturalistic Observation Method
 Involves observing the
phenomenon of interest as
it occurs naturally.
 Ex. Observing primates in their natural environment,
systematically observing the behavior of newborn
babies, and observing couple’s public display of
affection (PDA) in the school campus.

14. The Survey Method
 Employs either a written questionnaire or an
interview schedule.
 Ex. Political opinions, or product preferences
 Allows us to gather data about experiences, feelings,
thoughts, and motives that are hard to observe
directly.

15. Standardized Tests
 Respondents are required to answer a series of
questions and their responses scored to reflect
something about their persons. A respondent’s score
is compared with those of the others who took the
same test.
 Ex. Otis Test, Stanford-Binet Test (IQ)
 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

16. Case Studies
 Descriptive record of an
individual’s experiences or
behavior, or both, as kept by
an observer.
 The main objective is to
obtain a case history of the
person being studied.

17.  Written records (i.e. public and private documents),
statistical archives are systematically studied in lieu
of actual behaviors.
 Exs. Diaries, letters, paintings, books, poems,
newspaper or magazine articles, movies, and
speeches.
Archival Research

18. Major problems in I/O Psychology
 The Consultant and the Staff Psychologist
 Communication
 Resistance to Change

19. 19
Professional Associations
related to I/O Psychology
American Psychological Association
(APA: www.apa.org)
Society for Industrial/Organizational Psychology
(SIOP: www.siop.org)
Academy of Management
(AoM: www. aom.pace.edu)
Society for Human Resource Management
(SHRM: www.shrm.org)
American Society for Training and Development
(ASTD: www.astd.org)

20. THANK YOU