Agile africa 2015 - ABD : Neuroscience of JIT Software Development
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The document discusses neuroscience principles related to just-in-time development. It begins with an overview of the brain and two systems - System 1 involves primitive, automatic responses while System 2 involves focus and reasoning. It then discusses how lean principles like limiting work-in-progress and visual management can activate System 2 thinking. The document concludes with principles for always delivering work, including ensuring the board reflects reality and having honesty in accurately representing work.
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Agile africa 2015 - ABD : Neuroscience of JIT Software Development
- 1. Always Be Delivering : Neuroscience of JIT Development Travis Frisinger
- 2. @tmfrisinger
- 3. Overview • Context • The Brain in Brief • Neuroleadership • NeuroLean Experimentation • ABD Principles
- 4. Context • Small team (4) • Many responsibilities (9) • Science Based Process Innovation • Low Friction Visual Management
- 6. The Brain
- 7. “How can a three-pound mass of jelly that you can hold in your palm imagine angels, contemplate the meaning of infinity, and even question its own place in the cosmos?...” – V.S Ramachandran
- 10. No Bad Decision s Fight, Flight or Freeze Reaction System 2 Shutdow n Amygdal a Hijack
- 11. SCARF Model
- 15. Kanban Board
- 17. R2L-4- L2R Feature 2 Done WIP Queue Activate System 2 Override System 1
- 18. WIP Limits
- 23. Feature 6b Feature 6a Done WIP Queue Sticky Refactoring - Basics Feature 6c August 25
- 25. Feature 2 Done WIP Queue Sticky Refactoring – Red bin
- 27. ABD Principles
- 28. The board must always reflect reality - No matter how much it sucks “When the craving for certainty is met there is a sensation of reward” David Rock ABD Principle #1
- 29. Honesty is accuracy “If I can see the issue, I can manage the issue” ABD Principle #2
- 30. Love your technical debt “By loving it you care about it, when you care about it you make sure it is taken care of.” ABD Principle #3
- 33. References - 1 of 4 1. http://www.infoq.com/interviews/jepsen-why-agile-works 2. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/scott-barry-kaufman/consciousness-and-flow_b_1108113.html 3. https://hbr.org/2013/07/your-brain-at-work 4. http://www.cns.nyu.edu/~daw/ds08.pdf 5. http://www.pageuppeople.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Neuroscience-of-Learning-and-Development1.pdf 6. http://www.themaritzinstitute.com/~/media/Files/MaritzInstitute/White-Papers/The-Neuroscience-of-Learning-The-Maritz- Institute.pdf 7. http://www.unibs.it/sites/default/files/ricerca/allegati/Brain%20Facts_A%20primer.pdf 8. http://www.neuroleader.us/2014/09/08/the-neuroscience-of-complex-problem-solving/ 9. http://westsidetoastmasters.com/resources/laws_persuasion/chap10.html 10. http://www.infoq.com/articles/emotion-cognition 11. http://www.extemporea.com/2014/03/a-social-neuroscience-perspective-on-why-replacing-the-management-can-be-the- best-way-to-succeed-in-agile-transformations/ 12. http://www.infoq.com/articles/neuroscience-agile-leadership 13. http://www.methodsandtools.com/archive/agilefacilitation.php 14. http://daringtolivefully.com/how-to-enter-the-flow-state 15. http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/beautiful-minds/2013/08/19/the-real-neuroscience-of-creativity/ 16. http://decisionneurosciencelab.org/pdfs/Barbey%20&%20Barsalou%20(2009).pdf
- 34. References - 2 of 4 17. https://www.neuroleadership.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/NL_Journal1_TheEmergingFieldOfNeuroLeadership_Ringleb- Rock20081.pdf 18. http://the-missing-link-of-agile.com/2014/05/27/neuroscience-for-effective-leadership/ 19. https://blog.bufferapp.com/the-science-of-stress-how-its-breaking-down-your-body 20. http://www.ted.com/talks/mihaly_csikszentmihalyi_on_flow?language=en 21. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-the-brain-the-beholder/201404/surrealism-creativity-and-the-prefrontal-cortex 22. http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2015/brain-waves-guide-memory-formation-0223 23. https://timegt.com/2010/07/14/what-is-the-eisenhower-matrix/ 24. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getting_Things_Done 25. http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_91.htm 26. http://www.personalkanban.com/pk/featured/personal-kanban-and-some-goodies-about-your- brain/#sthash.XDuN8gJb.jLw7QRGy.dpbs 27. http://leankit.com/blog/2014/04/wip-limits-how-to-journey-safely-into-the-unknown/ 28. http://leankit.com/blog/2014/03/wip-limits-journey-safely-unknown-part-1-3/ 29. http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevedenning/2012/04/09/the-best-kept-management-secret-on-the-planet-agile/ 30. http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevedenning/2015/01/26/why-do-managers-hate-agile/ 31. http://www.brainpickings.org/index.php/2013/05/22/manage-your-day-to-day-99u/ 32. http://www.brainpickings.org/index.php/2012/06/18/boredom-a-lively-history/
- 35. References - 3 of 4 33. http://creativeflow.co.nz/4-common-myths-mindfulness/ 34. http://renewyourmind.co.nz/creative-flow/ 35. http://www.infoq.com/news/2013/12/habit-of-improving 36. https://medium.com/@FreeCodeCamp/coding-explained-in-25-profound-comics-8847ea03819c 37. http://blog.daverooney.ca/2015/05/is-predictability-really-what-we- want.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+blogspot%2FPracticalAgility+%28Practical+Ag ility%29 38. http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=664147&seqNum=5 39. https://www.atlassian.com/agile/wip-limits 40. http://www.3pillarglobal.com/insights/just-in-time-product-development 41. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y06Xs-1GQ-o – Davis Rock Speaking on Neuroleadership 42. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqhzFd4NUPI - Hooked, Hacked, Hijacked: Reclaim Your Brain from Addictive Living 43. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lr-T6NAV5V4 - Amygdala Hijack & Emotional Intelligence 44. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nexy76Jtu24 - Daniel Goleman: Focus, Flow, and Frazzle 45. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TR8TjCncvIw - Why A Neuroscientist Would Study Meditation 46. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpU9Nv0ulWg - How to be the Boss of Your Brain 47. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rl4JVtNqG6g - A Brief Introduction to the Default Mode Network 48. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMKc8nfPATI – The Brain
- 36. References - 4 of 4 49. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHp2hkue8RQ - The Neurochemistry of Flow States 50. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x4ZKJrz4oJo - What The Science Of Flow Can Teach Us About Limitless Performance 51. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXIeFJCqsPs - Flow, the secret to happiness 52. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHxhjDPKfbY - The Art of Stress-Free Productivity 53. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sxpKhIbr0E - The psychology of self-motivation 54. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wpSBdA0Dc14 - TEDxAlamo - David Eagleman 55. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rl2LwnaUA-k - VS Ramachandran: 3 clues to understanding your brain 56. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4anaU6rdU1Q - The Neuroscience of Genius, Creativity, and Improvisation 57. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2PP3p4_4R8 - If you want to achieve your goals, don't focus on them 58. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kOSFxKaqOm4 - Getting in control and creating space 59. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lp7E973zozc - How to stop screwing yourself over 60. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esPRsT-lmw8 - The most important lesson from 83,000 brain scans 61. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZZZ7k8cMA-4 - Body language, the power is in the palm of your hands 62. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7udZ5ux0dYE - How to control the brain 63. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVPxmz_PvUw - Learning to be awesome at anything you do, including being a leader
Editor's Notes
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- Rom-a-chna-ron
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- Prefrontal Cortex The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is located in the very front of the brain, just behind the forehead. It is in charge of abstract thinking and thought analysis, it is also responsible for regulating behaviour. This includes mediating conflicting thoughts, making choices between right and wrong, and predicting the probable outcomes of actions or events. This brain area also governs social control, such as suppressing emotions. It is most strongly implicated in human qualities like consciousness, general intelligence, and personality. This vital region of the brain regulates thought in terms of both short-term and long-term decision making. It allows humans to plan ahead and create strategies, and also to adjust actions or reactions in changing situations. Additionally, the PFC helps to focus thoughts, which enables people to pay attention, learn, and concentrate on goals. This area is also the part of the brain that allows humans to consider several different yet related lines of thinking when learning or evaluating complex concepts or tasks. The prefrontal cortex also houses active working memory. And has limited glucose fuel reserves. Working it too hard or too long or deprive it of sleep and it starts to function poorly making bad decisions. Since the PFC controls emotions it is sometimes referred to as the seat of good judgment or executive control. Medical studies have shown that the PFC is the last section of the brain to mature. In other words, while all other brain regions are fully developed early in life, its development is not complete until around age 25.
- During this type of hijacking your working memory shuts down and your primal instincts take over. Or Cave Man Imagine you are a cave man back in the day. You walk out of your cave to stretch and enjoy the sunshine of a new day. Then suddenly without realising it you are running as quickly as you can. While stretching your vision detected a saber tooth tiger eyeing you up as your next meal. Your system 1’s Amygdala took over and went into protection mode. It shutdown your system 2, PFC. No bad decisions can be made, you are operation on instinct. And since you could not fight the threat so you fled. Make it Real Blank mind at stand up - You have been hijacked by social pain / awkwardness. There are three states of response : Fight, Flight, Freeze. When the mind feels threatened, it can respond irrationally. A rush of stress hormones floods the body before the prefrontal lobes (regulating executive function) in the PFC can mediate this reaction. This shuts down the executive functions of your mind in charge of emotional control. Lets look at an example of an amygdala hijack…
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- status (how you relate to others) certainty (the brain is basically a prediction machine, and our reward mechanisms are a lot about predicting correctly) autonomy (sense of control, even a false sense of control will help) relatedness (“in”-group vs. “out”-group) fairness (humans i.e. reciprocate fairness and will give up personal gain to punish unfair people). If some of these five domains are dismissed, it has been found to be very harmful for our brain’s performance and our motivation.
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- WIP limits have been set Limits the amount of work being done in a state If you have 3 developers on your team you may set a WIP limit of 3 on the Doing column. No more than 3 items can be in Doing. This creates all sorts of fun with people not reflecting reality on the board because it breaks process. When this happens it is not a very good visual management tool The alternative is to adjust the WIP limit, this is when it starts to loose its impact upon the team We address with a sticky a day requirement. And each sticky must be no bigger than a day, if it is it gets refactored at the stand up the next morning. Your teams definition of done has been defined. The Great Done vs Done, Done Debate It is seems more intrinsic to estimate value then story points, people have bartered for centuries. We have developed value detection processes over the history of human existence.. We have the automatic system 1 ninja skills to detect value, let's leverage them. Value delivery for the win!
- How do you define value, not DONE or DONE, DONE - Avoid the holy wars of WIP and Definition of DONE Can I have a discussion around it? If not did you fall into a rabbit hole or did you find a way to make your day add value to the team? This is hard to detect in a multi-day users stories. Bob just says I did stuff yesterday and today I will do more stuff. Or it goes very technical and the great debate starts up. Either way not great engagement from the team. We know emotions are contagious, so if one person is emotionally hijacked on your team or organization most likely others will catch it, like the flu. So quickly the team IQ can lose points and jeopardize decisions and deteriorate the teamwork and collaboration. Rabbit holes are much easier to spot when you focus on delivering value instead of features. Delivers more value over time because you found the issue in a day, not 3 or 5 days later when it was late. Not a rabbit hole Form layout - Mock out the data and get feedback on the design Hook into real data - Does the UI respond to live data Rough draft of presentation or paper Rabbit Hole I delivered 2 DAO classes - Where is the value, how did it enhance the system? Avoid the day # sticky. DAO Day 2, DAO Day 3, Service Layer Day 5, etc. I do not get clarity on where things are, I just get technical progress reports, no tangible end user value is delivered. They are great place holders, once work starts not a valid statement of delivered value for a user story. High Red Bin count vs avg I do track some figures in a spreadsheet :) Careful to understand there is learning in there, a learning team is a team moving forward! Just not too much learning.
- ( Use board to talk through ) Every member of team agrees on 1 thing. They get a rush when moving a sticky into done. I know I can see gaps better. I know when things get dropped or are brought in the side door. We also have a great talking point every day with minimal stress to recall yesterday’s events, just refactor to find the answer! Sticky Refactoring Rules When splitting stickies you must add more understanding to the user story. A sticky that has been refactored MUST be removed from the board once the refactoring is done. It can move to DONE New stickies can go to the queue or the project’s backlog / column. If it cannot move to DONE it becomes a red bin in WIP. This triggers a paired programming session to understand what went wrong. Red bin / pink stickies spawn red bins. Refactor in WIP and move once done to keep a full picture of the process. If you cannot move a sticky from WIP to done AND you cannot refactor it, it turns into a red bin. Work brought in, but never touched or very little done.
- Limbic System The limbic system is a set of evolutionarily primitive brain structures located on top of the brainstem and buried under the cortex. Limbic system structures are involved in many of our emotions and motivations, particularly those that are related to survival. Such emotions include fear, anger and pleasure. Certain structures of the limbic system are involved with memory as well. Two large limbic system structures, the amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in memory. The amygdala is responsible for determining what memories are stored. The hippocampus is responsible for storing and retrieving the memories. Amygdala Almond shaped mass of nuclei. - Not quite true, but generally accepted by the public as fact. The amygdala makes connections with many brain regions. Various stimuli produce responses mediated by the amygdala. Hence, it is important to the coordination of responses to stress and integrates many behavioural reactions involved in the survival of the individual or of the species, particularly to stress and anxiety. The amygdala responds to a variety of emotional stimuli, but mostly those related to fear and anxiety. Stimulation of the amygdala produces behavioural arousal and can produce directed rage reactions. ( Rage Quit )
- 3 projects have been delivered on-time and on-budget. My previous job using traditional scrum, we delivered 2 sprints in 2.5 years on time.