The document discusses different types of water-cooled condensers used in refrigeration systems. It describes three main types: tube within a tube condensers, where refrigerant flows in the outer tube and water in the inner tube; shell and coil condensers, where a coil of tubing is enclosed in a shell with refrigerant in the shell and water in the coil; and shell and tube condensers, where water flows through tubes in a shell with refrigerant in the shell. The condensers transfer heat from the hot refrigerant gas to cooler water to condense the refrigerant. Proper maintenance through cleaning is important for heat transfer and system performance.

1. Ageing management of seawater cooled condensers
Jamal Karmoua

2. THE CONDENSER
• Heat exchange surface that rejects system heat
• Rejects sensible heat
• Desuperheating vapor refrigerant from the compressor
• Subcools refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
• Rejects latent heat during the condensing process
• The greatest amount of heat is transferred during the change of state
• Condenser is on the high pressure side of the system

3. WATER-COOLED CONDENSERS
• More efficient than air-cooled condensers
• Water temperature can be maintained
• Water temperature directly affects system pressures

4. Three types of water-cooled condensers:
Tube within a tube condenser
Shell and coil condenser
Shell and tube condenser

5. TUBE WITHIN A TUBE CONDENSER
• Heat exchange takes place between the fluids in the inner and
outer tubes
• Refrigerant flows in the outer tube
• Water flows in the inner tube
• Refrigerant and water flow in opposite directions to maximize
the heat transfer rate
• Depending on the construction, the condenser can be cleaned
mechanically or chemically

6. Hot discharge gas from the
compressor
Subcooled liquid to the
receiver
Cool water
from the
cooling tower
85°F Water
Water to tower (95°F)

7. Cross-Section of a tube within a tube condenser
Surrounding air
Hot discharge gas from
compressor (outer tube)
Water from tower (inner
tube) Discharge gas transfers heat
to both the surrounding air
and the water in the inner
tube

8. SHELL AND COIL CONDENSERS
• Coil of tubing enclosed in a welded shell
• Water flows through the coil
• Refrigerant from the compressor is discharged into the shell
• The shell also acts as the receiver
• When refrigerant comes in contact with the cool coil, it condenses
and falls to the bottom
• This condenser must be cleaned chemically

9. Shell and Coil Condenser
Shell Hot discharge gas from
compressor
Subcooled liquid from condenser
Cool water in
Warm water out
Water coil Droplets of condensed
refrigerant
Bottom of shell acts as a
receiver

10. SHEL AND TUBE CONDENSERS
• Can be cleaned mechanically
• Compressor discharge gas is piped into the shell
• Water flows through the tubes in the condenser
• The ends of the shell are removed for cleaning
• The shell acts as a receiver
• Refrigerant circuit is not disturbed when the ends of the
shell (water boxes) are opened
• Most expensive type of condenser

11. Hot discharge gas from
compressor
Subcooled liquid from condenser
Cool water in
Warm water
out
Water Tubes
Bottom of the condenser acts as
the receiver
Shell

12. Hot discharge gas from
compressor
Subcooled liquid from condenser
Water in
Water out

13. Hot discharge gas from
compressor
Subcooled liquid from condenser
Water box
Directs water
through the tubes
Access to tubes for
cleaning

14. Thank you for your attention