The document discusses the significance and impacts of the expansion of railroads in the United States in the 19th century. It led to the standardization of time zones across disconnected towns and helped industries ship goods to new markets. It also increased immigration and migration to the West. However, it presented hazardous working conditions for railroad workers. It then outlines several events that helped establish the federal government's right to regulate private businesses like railroads to protect the public interest, such as corruption scandals, state regulation laws, and the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887.

1. Age of Railroads By Mr. Hyer, Sturgis Charter Public School Hyannis, MA sturgiscps.com/jhyer

3. What is the significance of the transcontinental railroad?

4. Driving the Golden Spike

6. Railroad Time Individual towns set their own times by sun Boston & New York off by 12 minutes Needed to set standard time for towns How do you set precise schedule with 100s of “time zones”? Earth divided into 24 time zones U.S.: Eastern, Central, Mountain, & Pacific

7. Growth of towns The growth of industries that could ship to new markets Hazardous jobs for railroad workers An increase of immigration and migration to the West What were the effects of Railroad Expansion?

8. What’s a Pullman Town?

9. The Pullman Strike of 1894

10. The Pullman Strike of 1894

11. The following events and laws helped establish the principle that the federal government has the right to regulate private business to protect the public interest Runaway Abuse and Corruption Credit Mobilier Granger Laws Munn v. Illinois (1877) Interstate Commerce Act (1887)

12. 1867 Railroad companies charging more than actual cost, pocketing profits, and paying off government officials. Congress investigates Officials keep profits and receive slap on wrist Vice-President and future president implicated in scandal Credit Mobilier

13. State laws setting maximum rates for freight and passengers, and prohibiting discrimination Grange: Association of Farmers Granger Laws

14. Railroad Companies Sue Illinois RRs: “You Can’t Regulate Private Business” Supreme Court: “Yes They Can” States have right to regulate railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers Munn v. Illinois (1877)

15. Congress responds to 1886 Supreme Court ruling that forbids states to set railroad rates for traffic between states The Interstate Commerce Act is passed: Gov’t can regulate RRs Railroads resist through legal challenges Would not become effective until 1906 under Teddy Roosevelt’s Admin. Interstate Commerce Act (1887)