This document discusses a multifunctional water based paste for insulation fiber that provides excellent water repellency, lower thermal conductivity, and excellent adhesion performance for insulation fiber. The paste is made of silica aerogel particles and inorganic binders. It can be used to coat or impregnate fiberglass blankets to manufacture high-performance insulated composites with upgraded water resistance and thermal insulation properties. Test results show the paste-fiber composites have very low thermal conductivity, are water repellent, withstand high temperatures, and prevent condensation, making them suitable for various insulation applications.
The document discusses TEC Corporation's aerogel products, including aerogel powder, beads, and a water-based aerogel paste. The paste was developed to avoid dust generation during application and retains hydrophobic and thermal insulation properties after drying. The paste can be used in developing composites like aerogel-cement and aerogel-paints. Obstacles to using aerogel in coatings/paints/cement include its hydrophobicity and pore absorption of solvents. The paste solves these issues by dispersing hydrophobic aerogel in water and retaining properties after curing. It is recommended for coatings, paints, and cement up to 60%, 50%, and 20% by weight, respectively.
1. TEC Corporation has developed a line of aerogel coatings called Aero-Coat for thermal insulation with varying levels of heat resistance from 120°C to 300°C.
2. The document discusses the specifications and benefits of the different Aero-Coat products, particularly the Aero-Coat-300 which provides insulation for temperatures up to 300°C.
3. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of applying the aerogel coating at job sites, such as reducing the surface temperature of pipes at a petroleum refinery in China from 280-300°C to 90-100°C after applying an 8-9mm layer of the coating.
Metal aerogels are a new class of porous solid materials that are inorganic cousins of silica aerogel. They have properties such as high specific surface area, electrical conductivity, enhanced catalytic activity, and the ability to act as a thermal insulator despite being electrically conductive. Metal aerogels are made through processes like combustion synthesis, dealloying, and nanosmelting. Potential applications include hydrogen storage, antimicrobial scaffolds, magnetic media, and X-ray optics.
LMI based nonlinear Iterative Learning Control for uncertain discrete repetit...NAAR Journal
The problem encountered in this paper is to design a robust, feedback-based improved control system for the plant that involves systematic uncertainty. This paper proposes a fault estimation algorithm based on iterative learning control. This algorithm is constructed through an optimization function to prove the robustness and convergence of the algorithm. Through linear matrix inequality (LMI), the observer gain matrix and iterative learning parameter matrix in the algorithm are solved. The two comprehensive parameters in LMI represent the parameter selection in the two specifications to make selected adjustments in learning and control. A numerical example shows the improvement process and the effectiveness of these methods. Through LMI techniques, we have obtained satisfactory results and controller stability and robustness against fault-tolerant control. Lastly, the simulation results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Aerogel – a promising building material for sustainable buildingsAlexander Decker
This document discusses aerogel, a highly porous synthetic material, and its potential as a building material for sustainable buildings. Aerogel has extremely low density and thermal conductivity, making it a promising insulation material. It can be made from silica or plant-based materials through a sol-gel process followed by supercritical drying. Aerogel has various potential applications in building construction as insulation in roofs, walls and floors to reduce energy consumption and costs. It allows for highly insulated windows that maintain high light transmission. When used as a building material, aerogel can significantly improve the sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings.
This document discusses aerogels, which are highly porous solid materials composed of up to 99.98% air. Aerogels can be made from substances like silica, alumina, polymers, and metals. They are produced through the sol-gel process and then dried using supercritical extraction to maintain their porous structure. Aerogels have properties like very low density and thermal conductivity that make them useful for insulation. Recent research has investigated using aerogels for applications like capturing space dust, drug delivery using functionalized aerogel particles, absorbing oil spills, and protective clothing composites.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how Aerogel is becoming more economically feasible through changes in processes and the composition of materials and increases in the scale of production equipment. As the best insulator in the world, aerogel has the potential to dramatically improve energy efficiency of homes and thus contribute towards reductions in fossil fuel usage.
Aerogel is an ultra-light synthetic material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with a gas. It is 95-99% air, but can support loads 2000 times its own weight. Common types include silica, carbon, polymer and cellulose aerogels. Aerogel has applications in thermal insulation, electronics, architecture and more due to its low density, high porosity, low thermal conductivity and sound absorption. It has potential as an insulation material for building walls and roofs to improve energy efficiency. However, high production costs and poor mechanical strength currently limit its widespread use.
The document discusses TEC Corporation's aerogel products, including aerogel powder, beads, and a water-based aerogel paste. The paste was developed to avoid dust generation during application and retains hydrophobic and thermal insulation properties after drying. The paste can be used in developing composites like aerogel-cement and aerogel-paints. Obstacles to using aerogel in coatings/paints/cement include its hydrophobicity and pore absorption of solvents. The paste solves these issues by dispersing hydrophobic aerogel in water and retaining properties after curing. It is recommended for coatings, paints, and cement up to 60%, 50%, and 20% by weight, respectively.
1. TEC Corporation has developed a line of aerogel coatings called Aero-Coat for thermal insulation with varying levels of heat resistance from 120°C to 300°C.
2. The document discusses the specifications and benefits of the different Aero-Coat products, particularly the Aero-Coat-300 which provides insulation for temperatures up to 300°C.
3. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of applying the aerogel coating at job sites, such as reducing the surface temperature of pipes at a petroleum refinery in China from 280-300°C to 90-100°C after applying an 8-9mm layer of the coating.
Metal aerogels are a new class of porous solid materials that are inorganic cousins of silica aerogel. They have properties such as high specific surface area, electrical conductivity, enhanced catalytic activity, and the ability to act as a thermal insulator despite being electrically conductive. Metal aerogels are made through processes like combustion synthesis, dealloying, and nanosmelting. Potential applications include hydrogen storage, antimicrobial scaffolds, magnetic media, and X-ray optics.
LMI based nonlinear Iterative Learning Control for uncertain discrete repetit...NAAR Journal
The problem encountered in this paper is to design a robust, feedback-based improved control system for the plant that involves systematic uncertainty. This paper proposes a fault estimation algorithm based on iterative learning control. This algorithm is constructed through an optimization function to prove the robustness and convergence of the algorithm. Through linear matrix inequality (LMI), the observer gain matrix and iterative learning parameter matrix in the algorithm are solved. The two comprehensive parameters in LMI represent the parameter selection in the two specifications to make selected adjustments in learning and control. A numerical example shows the improvement process and the effectiveness of these methods. Through LMI techniques, we have obtained satisfactory results and controller stability and robustness against fault-tolerant control. Lastly, the simulation results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Aerogel – a promising building material for sustainable buildingsAlexander Decker
This document discusses aerogel, a highly porous synthetic material, and its potential as a building material for sustainable buildings. Aerogel has extremely low density and thermal conductivity, making it a promising insulation material. It can be made from silica or plant-based materials through a sol-gel process followed by supercritical drying. Aerogel has various potential applications in building construction as insulation in roofs, walls and floors to reduce energy consumption and costs. It allows for highly insulated windows that maintain high light transmission. When used as a building material, aerogel can significantly improve the sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings.
This document discusses aerogels, which are highly porous solid materials composed of up to 99.98% air. Aerogels can be made from substances like silica, alumina, polymers, and metals. They are produced through the sol-gel process and then dried using supercritical extraction to maintain their porous structure. Aerogels have properties like very low density and thermal conductivity that make them useful for insulation. Recent research has investigated using aerogels for applications like capturing space dust, drug delivery using functionalized aerogel particles, absorbing oil spills, and protective clothing composites.
These slides use concepts from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how Aerogel is becoming more economically feasible through changes in processes and the composition of materials and increases in the scale of production equipment. As the best insulator in the world, aerogel has the potential to dramatically improve energy efficiency of homes and thus contribute towards reductions in fossil fuel usage.
Aerogel is an ultra-light synthetic material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with a gas. It is 95-99% air, but can support loads 2000 times its own weight. Common types include silica, carbon, polymer and cellulose aerogels. Aerogel has applications in thermal insulation, electronics, architecture and more due to its low density, high porosity, low thermal conductivity and sound absorption. It has potential as an insulation material for building walls and roofs to improve energy efficiency. However, high production costs and poor mechanical strength currently limit its widespread use.
Fabrication of aerogel like materials without using supercritical dryingsumeetbrar007
Aerogel is a nanoporous solid material that is composed of up to 99.8% air. It was first created in 1931 by Samuel Stephens Kistler. Aerogels are synthesized through the sol-gel process where a gel is formed and then dried in a way to prevent collapse of the structure. This results in a solid material with extremely low density and thermal conductivity. Aerogels have a wide variety of applications including insulation, separation technologies, and energy storage due to their unique physical properties. Future applications may include advanced sensors, energy production technologies, and hydrogen storage.
Aerogel is a solid with the lowest known density, it stands upto 2000 times greater load than its own weight. It has low thermal conductivity; the material is very suitable to limit the heat losses of buildings.Its meltingtemperature is 1200°C. Well dampens vibrations and sound. Aerogel is the only compound with significant thermal insulation capabilities, which is corrently well clear. For these reasons, it is possible to consider aerogel as amaterial of the future not only in construction, and therefore it is necessary to deal with this interesting material now.
Aerogels also known as Frozen smoke exceptional light weight materialrita martin
Aerogel is a synthetic porous ultralight material derived from a gel in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with a gas it is a lowest density solid and best insulator
AEROGEL MATERIAL (Aerogel is a material of future. )SONAM PALJOR
An aerogel is solid with air pockets dispersed throughout. Aerogels are essentially the solid framework of a gel.A class of porous, solid materials that exhibit extreme material properties.
Here, include contents are introduction, what is an aerogel?, types, synthesis, properties, advantages , disadvantage and application etc. this presentation paper is very simple and easy to understand about the aerogel material.
Aerogel is the world's lightest solid material, with a density less than air. It is derived from a gel in which the liquid component is replaced with gas, leaving a solid structure that is 99.8% air. Aerogel has remarkable insulating properties and strength despite its sparse molecular structure. While first invented in the 1930s, aerogel was brittle until recent developments enabled a flexible form with many potential applications, such as insulation, spacecraft dust collection, and fire retardancy. Its low density, high surface area, and thermal properties make it a highly effective insulator and absorber of heat and sound.
Aerogel is the lightest solid known, with a density only 3 times that of air. It has a nanoporous structure that provides excellent thermal insulation properties. Aerogel was first created in 1931 and has a wide range of applications including home and building insulation, architectural elements, vehicle and pipe insulation, and window glazing. Its ultra-low density and ability to block heat transfer make it a highly effective and competitive insulation material.
IRJET- A Review on Aerogel An IntroductionIRJET Journal
This document provides an overview of aerogel, including:
1) Aerogel is an ultra-light solid with extremely low density and thermal conductivity, produced by extracting the liquid component of a gel through supercritical drying.
2) Silica-based aerogels are the most widely studied and produced type of aerogel. Aerogels can also be made of carbon, alumina, and other compounds.
3) Aerogels have a number of unique properties including low density, high porosity, low sound velocity, transparency, and ultra-low thermal conductivity, making them promising for insulation and other applications.
Aerogel is a synthetic porous ultralight material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with a gas. The result is a solid with extremely low density[1] and low thermal conductivity. Nicknames include frozen smoke,[2] solid smoke, solid air, or blue smoke owing to its translucent nature and the way light scatters in the material. It feels like fragile expanded polystyrene (Styrofoam) to the touch. Aerogels can be made from a variety of chemical compounds.[3]
Aerogel was first created by Samuel Stephens Kistler in 1931, as a result of a bet[citation needed] with Charles Learned over who could replace the liquid in "jellies" with gas without causing shrinkage.[4][5]
Aerogels are produced by extracting the liquid component of a gel through supercritical drying. This allows the liquid to be slowly dried off without causing the solid matrix in the gel to collapse from capillary action, as would happen with conventional evaporation. The first aerogels were produced from silica gels. Kistler's later work involved aerogels based on alumina, chromia and tin dioxide. Carbon aerogels were first developed in the late 1980s.[citation needed]
Aerogel does not have a designated material with set chemical formula but the term is used to group all the material with a certain geometric structure.[6]
Aerogel is a nanotechnology material made of a glass foam with bubbles only 10 nm wide, making it 40 times better at insulation than fiberglass. It is light blue in color due to light scattering off its tiny particles. Aerogel is a strong yet lightweight material, with a 2.5 kg brick able to support over 1000 times its own weight. NASA uses aerogel for insulation on space probes and to capture space dust particles on the Stardust mission.
Korea Zinc Flake Coating - Zincotec Co., Ltd.Onplus
◈ About Zincotec Co., Ltd.
All products manufactured by Zincotec are water soluble, non-flammable and environmentally friendly. Zincotec products also meet any and all safety standards and codes related to the harmfulness against the human body and create a safe and comfortable work environment with convenient handling and low odor, a significant difference when compared with solvent based products.
For more information, visit our website !
http://zincotec.com/
Modern glass materials,properties and uses 3FATHIMA VP
This document discusses different types of modern glass materials and their properties and uses. Toughened glass has high mechanical strength and increased resistance to temperature changes, making it suitable for outside windows. Laminated glass has good safety performance, sound insulation, UV prevention, earthquake resistance, and water pressure resistance, making it suitable for areas with human impact and skylights. Patterned glass has decorative effects with strong 3D sense that won't fade and can be reprocessed, making it suitable for room dividers, offices, shelving, and balustrades. Annealed glass has less strength than toughened glass and is used in glass doors and outside windows. Extra clear glass has high visual permeability and is used for interior
Aerogels are highly porous solid materials known as "frozen smoke" that are derived from gels in which the liquid component is replaced with gas, leaving a structure that is up to 99.8% air. Aerogels were first created in 1931 and have a variety of compositions including silica, metal oxides, carbon, and organic polymers. Aerogels have remarkable properties such as extremely low density, high surface area, and effectiveness as thermal insulators.
Ceramic coatings were originally invented for the steel industry to prevent molten metal from melting metal machinery. The coating process involves thoroughly cleaning and blasting a part, spraying it with a coating made of zirconium oxide, alkali silicate and water, baking it at 500 degrees, and polishing it. Ceramic coatings can extend part life, withstand high temperatures, and increase power and fuel economy in applications such as space, marine, automotive, and high temperature environments.
Concrete is today’s main building material. Modern infrastructure, road and bridge construction would be inconceivable without concrete as would skyscrapers and industrial buildings. Concrete is a versatile building material used especially in civil engineering in combination with steel. Concrete and reinforced concrete are building materials that have significantly changed construction. Despite concrete’s durability, serious concrete damage that endangers a building’s existence frequently occurs. The main cause of concrete damage is reinforcement steel corrosion due to environmental influences.
This document provides details on the manufacture processes of various building facade materials and systems, including low-E coated glass, stainless steel cladding, and terracotta panels. It also summarizes two case studies of building projects that utilized these materials - 100 Eleventh Avenue in New York City, a residential condominium, and 200 Eleventh Avenue, another New York building. The document discusses the technical specifications and advantages and disadvantages of the different facade material options.
This seminar presentation discusses thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). TBCs are ceramic oxide coatings applied to metallic parts to insulate them and allow operation at higher temperatures. A TBC system consists of a top ceramic coating, thermally grown oxide layer, bond coat, and superalloy substrate. Common TBC materials use yttria-stabilized zirconia due to its low thermal conductivity. Two deposition methods discussed are electron beam physical vapor deposition and air plasma spray. TBCs can increase efficiency in gas turbine engines and diesel engines by allowing higher operating temperatures. However, thermal cycling can cause TBCs to fail through spalling of the top coating.
Glass fiber is prepared through a direct melt process where sand, limestone and alumina are melted and drawn into fibers. There are different types of glass fibers including E-glass, S-glass and A-glass. Glass fiber has properties such as high strength, low cost, and good electrical insulation. It is used in various industries for applications like reinforcement in composites, thermal and sound insulation, and abrasion resistance.
Metal foams are lightweight porous materials made from metals like aluminum, iron, copper, and alloys with gas-filled pores that provide high porosity between 75-95%. They have applications as lightweight structures, filters, heat exchangers, sound absorbers, and electrodes due to their properties of being stiff yet light, having a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as metals, and reduced thermal conductivity. Metal foams come in open-cell and closed-cell varieties and are manufactured by companies such as ERG Aerospace and Metal Foam Korea.
This document discusses the optical and thermal properties of glass. It defines key optical properties such as refractive index, dispersion, temperature coefficient of refractive index, and stress-optical coefficient. It also discusses important thermal properties of glass including the transformation temperature, annealing point, softening point, thermal conductivity, and specific heat. The document provides definitions and measurement methods for these various properties that are important for characterizing and applying different types of glass.
Silica aerogels are highly insulating materials with nanoscale pores that allow them to have very low thermal conductivity, making them promising for building insulation applications. Aerogels can be used to create thinner insulation with better thermal performance than traditional materials. Silica aerogels are also being researched for advanced glazing applications in windows to provide improved thermal control and indoor environmental quality compared to conventional glazing. Other aerogel-like materials under development include hollow silica nanospheres and aerogel glass, which aim to further enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of aerogels for building integration. Continued research focuses on improving manufacturing efficiency and addressing cost and stability issues to enable broader commercialization of aerogel building products.
The document summarizes advancements in composite materials for wind turbine blades presented at a 2016 workshop. It discusses how composite materials have enabled longer and lighter blades through increased stiffness, strength, and fatigue performance. Higher modulus glass fibers and new fabric technologies have improved laminate properties, allowing for larger blade sizes and reduced cost of energy. Advanced modeling and testing help optimize blade design and reliability.
Fabrication of aerogel like materials without using supercritical dryingsumeetbrar007
Aerogel is a nanoporous solid material that is composed of up to 99.8% air. It was first created in 1931 by Samuel Stephens Kistler. Aerogels are synthesized through the sol-gel process where a gel is formed and then dried in a way to prevent collapse of the structure. This results in a solid material with extremely low density and thermal conductivity. Aerogels have a wide variety of applications including insulation, separation technologies, and energy storage due to their unique physical properties. Future applications may include advanced sensors, energy production technologies, and hydrogen storage.
Aerogel is a solid with the lowest known density, it stands upto 2000 times greater load than its own weight. It has low thermal conductivity; the material is very suitable to limit the heat losses of buildings.Its meltingtemperature is 1200°C. Well dampens vibrations and sound. Aerogel is the only compound with significant thermal insulation capabilities, which is corrently well clear. For these reasons, it is possible to consider aerogel as amaterial of the future not only in construction, and therefore it is necessary to deal with this interesting material now.
Aerogels also known as Frozen smoke exceptional light weight materialrita martin
Aerogel is a synthetic porous ultralight material derived from a gel in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with a gas it is a lowest density solid and best insulator
AEROGEL MATERIAL (Aerogel is a material of future. )SONAM PALJOR
An aerogel is solid with air pockets dispersed throughout. Aerogels are essentially the solid framework of a gel.A class of porous, solid materials that exhibit extreme material properties.
Here, include contents are introduction, what is an aerogel?, types, synthesis, properties, advantages , disadvantage and application etc. this presentation paper is very simple and easy to understand about the aerogel material.
Aerogel is the world's lightest solid material, with a density less than air. It is derived from a gel in which the liquid component is replaced with gas, leaving a solid structure that is 99.8% air. Aerogel has remarkable insulating properties and strength despite its sparse molecular structure. While first invented in the 1930s, aerogel was brittle until recent developments enabled a flexible form with many potential applications, such as insulation, spacecraft dust collection, and fire retardancy. Its low density, high surface area, and thermal properties make it a highly effective insulator and absorber of heat and sound.
Aerogel is the lightest solid known, with a density only 3 times that of air. It has a nanoporous structure that provides excellent thermal insulation properties. Aerogel was first created in 1931 and has a wide range of applications including home and building insulation, architectural elements, vehicle and pipe insulation, and window glazing. Its ultra-low density and ability to block heat transfer make it a highly effective and competitive insulation material.
IRJET- A Review on Aerogel An IntroductionIRJET Journal
This document provides an overview of aerogel, including:
1) Aerogel is an ultra-light solid with extremely low density and thermal conductivity, produced by extracting the liquid component of a gel through supercritical drying.
2) Silica-based aerogels are the most widely studied and produced type of aerogel. Aerogels can also be made of carbon, alumina, and other compounds.
3) Aerogels have a number of unique properties including low density, high porosity, low sound velocity, transparency, and ultra-low thermal conductivity, making them promising for insulation and other applications.
Aerogel is a synthetic porous ultralight material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with a gas. The result is a solid with extremely low density[1] and low thermal conductivity. Nicknames include frozen smoke,[2] solid smoke, solid air, or blue smoke owing to its translucent nature and the way light scatters in the material. It feels like fragile expanded polystyrene (Styrofoam) to the touch. Aerogels can be made from a variety of chemical compounds.[3]
Aerogel was first created by Samuel Stephens Kistler in 1931, as a result of a bet[citation needed] with Charles Learned over who could replace the liquid in "jellies" with gas without causing shrinkage.[4][5]
Aerogels are produced by extracting the liquid component of a gel through supercritical drying. This allows the liquid to be slowly dried off without causing the solid matrix in the gel to collapse from capillary action, as would happen with conventional evaporation. The first aerogels were produced from silica gels. Kistler's later work involved aerogels based on alumina, chromia and tin dioxide. Carbon aerogels were first developed in the late 1980s.[citation needed]
Aerogel does not have a designated material with set chemical formula but the term is used to group all the material with a certain geometric structure.[6]
Aerogel is a nanotechnology material made of a glass foam with bubbles only 10 nm wide, making it 40 times better at insulation than fiberglass. It is light blue in color due to light scattering off its tiny particles. Aerogel is a strong yet lightweight material, with a 2.5 kg brick able to support over 1000 times its own weight. NASA uses aerogel for insulation on space probes and to capture space dust particles on the Stardust mission.
Korea Zinc Flake Coating - Zincotec Co., Ltd.Onplus
◈ About Zincotec Co., Ltd.
All products manufactured by Zincotec are water soluble, non-flammable and environmentally friendly. Zincotec products also meet any and all safety standards and codes related to the harmfulness against the human body and create a safe and comfortable work environment with convenient handling and low odor, a significant difference when compared with solvent based products.
For more information, visit our website !
http://zincotec.com/
Modern glass materials,properties and uses 3FATHIMA VP
This document discusses different types of modern glass materials and their properties and uses. Toughened glass has high mechanical strength and increased resistance to temperature changes, making it suitable for outside windows. Laminated glass has good safety performance, sound insulation, UV prevention, earthquake resistance, and water pressure resistance, making it suitable for areas with human impact and skylights. Patterned glass has decorative effects with strong 3D sense that won't fade and can be reprocessed, making it suitable for room dividers, offices, shelving, and balustrades. Annealed glass has less strength than toughened glass and is used in glass doors and outside windows. Extra clear glass has high visual permeability and is used for interior
Aerogels are highly porous solid materials known as "frozen smoke" that are derived from gels in which the liquid component is replaced with gas, leaving a structure that is up to 99.8% air. Aerogels were first created in 1931 and have a variety of compositions including silica, metal oxides, carbon, and organic polymers. Aerogels have remarkable properties such as extremely low density, high surface area, and effectiveness as thermal insulators.
Ceramic coatings were originally invented for the steel industry to prevent molten metal from melting metal machinery. The coating process involves thoroughly cleaning and blasting a part, spraying it with a coating made of zirconium oxide, alkali silicate and water, baking it at 500 degrees, and polishing it. Ceramic coatings can extend part life, withstand high temperatures, and increase power and fuel economy in applications such as space, marine, automotive, and high temperature environments.
Concrete is today’s main building material. Modern infrastructure, road and bridge construction would be inconceivable without concrete as would skyscrapers and industrial buildings. Concrete is a versatile building material used especially in civil engineering in combination with steel. Concrete and reinforced concrete are building materials that have significantly changed construction. Despite concrete’s durability, serious concrete damage that endangers a building’s existence frequently occurs. The main cause of concrete damage is reinforcement steel corrosion due to environmental influences.
This document provides details on the manufacture processes of various building facade materials and systems, including low-E coated glass, stainless steel cladding, and terracotta panels. It also summarizes two case studies of building projects that utilized these materials - 100 Eleventh Avenue in New York City, a residential condominium, and 200 Eleventh Avenue, another New York building. The document discusses the technical specifications and advantages and disadvantages of the different facade material options.
This seminar presentation discusses thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). TBCs are ceramic oxide coatings applied to metallic parts to insulate them and allow operation at higher temperatures. A TBC system consists of a top ceramic coating, thermally grown oxide layer, bond coat, and superalloy substrate. Common TBC materials use yttria-stabilized zirconia due to its low thermal conductivity. Two deposition methods discussed are electron beam physical vapor deposition and air plasma spray. TBCs can increase efficiency in gas turbine engines and diesel engines by allowing higher operating temperatures. However, thermal cycling can cause TBCs to fail through spalling of the top coating.
Glass fiber is prepared through a direct melt process where sand, limestone and alumina are melted and drawn into fibers. There are different types of glass fibers including E-glass, S-glass and A-glass. Glass fiber has properties such as high strength, low cost, and good electrical insulation. It is used in various industries for applications like reinforcement in composites, thermal and sound insulation, and abrasion resistance.
Metal foams are lightweight porous materials made from metals like aluminum, iron, copper, and alloys with gas-filled pores that provide high porosity between 75-95%. They have applications as lightweight structures, filters, heat exchangers, sound absorbers, and electrodes due to their properties of being stiff yet light, having a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as metals, and reduced thermal conductivity. Metal foams come in open-cell and closed-cell varieties and are manufactured by companies such as ERG Aerospace and Metal Foam Korea.
This document discusses the optical and thermal properties of glass. It defines key optical properties such as refractive index, dispersion, temperature coefficient of refractive index, and stress-optical coefficient. It also discusses important thermal properties of glass including the transformation temperature, annealing point, softening point, thermal conductivity, and specific heat. The document provides definitions and measurement methods for these various properties that are important for characterizing and applying different types of glass.
Silica aerogels are highly insulating materials with nanoscale pores that allow them to have very low thermal conductivity, making them promising for building insulation applications. Aerogels can be used to create thinner insulation with better thermal performance than traditional materials. Silica aerogels are also being researched for advanced glazing applications in windows to provide improved thermal control and indoor environmental quality compared to conventional glazing. Other aerogel-like materials under development include hollow silica nanospheres and aerogel glass, which aim to further enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of aerogels for building integration. Continued research focuses on improving manufacturing efficiency and addressing cost and stability issues to enable broader commercialization of aerogel building products.
The document summarizes advancements in composite materials for wind turbine blades presented at a 2016 workshop. It discusses how composite materials have enabled longer and lighter blades through increased stiffness, strength, and fatigue performance. Higher modulus glass fibers and new fabric technologies have improved laminate properties, allowing for larger blade sizes and reduced cost of energy. Advanced modeling and testing help optimize blade design and reliability.
This document summarizes the properties and benefits of Aerolon, a thermal insulating coating developed by Tnemec that features aerogel as a key ingredient. Aerolon offers superior thermal insulation and protection against corrosion under insulation compared to other coating and insulation options. It has an ultra-low thermal conductivity and high R-value, providing significant energy savings. Aerolon also improves worksite safety by reducing surface temperatures and preventing burns. It can be easily applied to pipes, tanks, and structures in industrial facilities.
Thermoplastic binder powders for improved epoxy compositesFibrecore
This document provides information on Griltex CE and Griltex CT materials for composite applications. Griltex CE is a copolyester binder used in epoxy-based composites to stabilize fabrics. It improves mechanical properties and ensures fibers remain fixed during resin infusion. Griltex CT is a copolyamide for thermoplastic composites that offers advantages like short process times and reusability. Both materials increase properties like impact resistance and interlaminar shear strength compared to composites without the binders.
Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Kevlar FibreIRJET Journal
The document experimentally investigates the mechanical properties of Kevlar fiber. Various tests were conducted on Kevlar 29 and Kevlar 49 fibers to determine their tensile properties, thermal properties, resistance to acids and salts, and ability to withstand heat and moisture. The results showed that Kevlar 49 generally performed better than Kevlar 29, with higher tensile strength and modulus. Both fibers were highly resistant to acids, salts, water, and oils. The study concluded that Kevlar 49 is well-suited for use as fiber reinforcement in concrete due to its high strength and durability properties.
Thermobreak is a high temperature pipe insulation material for solar heating systems. It is made of crosslinked closed cell polyolefin foam with a reinforced aluminum foil layer and can withstand temperatures up to 160°C. It comes in various thicknesses and sizes to insulate different diameter pipes. Thermobreak has high insulating properties, is resistant to UV light and moisture, and meets international fire safety standards.
Study of the effects of carbon and glass fibre reinforcement and other filler...eSAT Journals
Abstract In the present study, composite materials required for elevated temperature applications were fabricated using vacuum bagging technique. Epoxy Resin (ER-VP401) was used as the matrix and Glass fibre was used as reinforcement. SiC, Al2O3 and others were used as fillers to bring in elevated temperature resistance. These composites were subjected to mechanical tests like Tensile, Hardness and Impact test. Tribological tests like two body abrasion and Pin on disc (POD) were carried out. Tensile strength, hardness and impact energy were improved with increase in fillers content. Wear resistance also improved with increase in percentage of fillers substantially. SEM micrographs are used to explain the mechanism of the material strengthening at elevated temperatures. Keywords: Epoxy resin, Glass Fiber (GF), Al2O3, SiC, Elevated Temperature Resistance.
Study of the effects of carbon and glass fibre reinforcement and other filler...eSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of various fillers on the elevated temperature resistant properties of epoxy resin matrix composites reinforced with carbon and glass fibers. Five composite materials were fabricated with varying amounts of silicon carbide and aluminum oxide fillers, while keeping other constituents like epoxy resin, glass fibers, and additives constant. The composites were tested mechanically and tribologically at room and elevated temperatures. Test results showed that tensile strength, hardness, impact energy, and wear resistance improved with increasing filler content, especially silicon carbide and aluminum oxide.
The document discusses VELUX's use of pultruded polyurethane (PUR) for window profiles as an innovative material. It examines the advantages of PUR over other materials like aluminum, wood, and PVC in terms of properties like strength, stiffness, thermal insulation, lifetime, and price. PUR is identified as having the best combination of these properties. The pultrusion process used to produce PUR profiles is described. PUR profiles allow VELUX to create windows with improved performance.
This document presents an overview of a thesis on characterizing an aluminum-doped conductive layer of zinc oxide for thin film solar cells. It discusses preparing the aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer using a sol-gel method, including solution preparation, spin coating, and annealing. It also summarizes methods used to characterize the layer, including measuring thickness, surface morphology, and electrical properties using Hall effect measurement. Key results found the layer thickness and roughness increased with more depositions and the material exhibited n-type conductivity.
Cryogenic insulated and jacketed tubing and pipe Jeff Winterstein
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Contents: Introduction to Engines used in Aircrafts,
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5. 03. Silica Aerogel Paste- General properties
General Physical Properties
Particle Size 10-200um
Solid Content 10~20%
Density 1g/mL
pH 6~12
Viscosity 200~900 cp
Max. Use. Temp 700 oC
Surface Chemistry Hydrophobic
The silica aerogel paste AFH series for fiber/blanket application is a sole
technology developed by Tec with high end silica aerogel insulation material
retaining water repellant(hydrophobic), fire proof and thermal insulation
performance. This ready to use product can be applied with fiber/blanket to
manufacture high end aerogel-fiber composites.
The AFH series can be applied depending on the customer’s taste for various
application. It can be coated on the surface of fiber/blanket to manufacture
sandwich panel, impregnate partially or completely to manufacture partially or
fully hydrophobic fiber/blanket with significant upgrade in thermal insulation
performance( lower value of thermal conductivity TC).
9. 05. Application Reference– Pipe case/cover
Structure of pipe case/cover
Paste
Glass fiber
Glass fiber
<Structure of paste and fiber after dry>
Manufacturing process of pipe case/cover
10. <Paste-fiber before dry> <During applying> <After applying>
05. Application Reference– Wet Blanket & Dry Blanket
Paste impregnated fiber composite
<Micro structure><Paste-fiber composite>
<Concept of paste impregnation in fiber>
<Application of paste-fiber composite for pipe >
<Paste-fiber composite applied at complicate structure>
11. 05. Application Reference– Molded to various shapes
에어로겔 부직포 건조후에어로겔 부직포 건조전 에어로겔 부직포 건조후 단면
Applying on straight pipe
Applying at twisted pipe
건조 후 성형 사진건조 전 부직포 성형사진 건조 후 성형사진
Molding of aerogel
blanket
Before dry After dry
Surface after linear cut
Molding and Before dry
After dry
Molding and after dried Molding and after dried
Inner surface after dried
12. 05. Application Reference– Blanket subsequent processing
<Linear cut of molded blanket>
By combining silica aerogel and glass fiber, depending
upon the degree of impregnation physical features like
flexibility, strength, molding and chemical feature like
hydrophobic nature can be controlled. Different types
of fiber/ blankets can be selected for manufacturing
products according to the range of applying
temperature and nature of application site.
<Surface treatment of aerogel blanket>
After molding and processing, product's surface
treatment can be done depending upon the
application requirement such as aluminum casing or
taping the surface as shown in the picture. In case of
no special surface treatment required, due to physical‐
chemical properties of the product the basic features
such as water repellant, anti‐corrosion, strength can
be achieved.
Easy installation and excellent molding product.
Excellent insulation performance, water repellant
performance makes it better than glass fiber in terms
of water absorption. Non‐dusty product, safe to
human compared to other glass fiber products.
<Molded Aerogel blanket>
13. 06. Performance Test – Thermal conductivity
•The thermal conductivity of the paste was determined by
impregnating the paste in the fiber in the size of 200*200*4 mm.
It was tested according to KS L 9016 test method.
200 300 400 500
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
ThermalConductivity(mW/m.K)
Temperature(
o
C)
<Thermal conductivity graph at high temperature>
TEC Paste- carbon fiber composite
<Thermal conductivity test report>
Aerogel Paste-glass fiber
composite
Aerogel Paste-carbon fiber
composite
15. 06. Performance Test – Water/moisture repellant ( Hydrophobic)
Water droplets on the aerogel paste
applied fiber surface after dried
Normal glass fiber and aerogel impregnated glass fiber
test result
Result: As shown in figure, the aerogel impregnated glass fiber shows excellent water
repellant performance
0 hour 1 hour 6 hour
Glass fiber 0.89 3.97 4.7
Aerogel-paste
glass fiber
2.07 2.13 2.15
Water absorption taste after dipping in
water with time (g)
16. 06. Performance Test – High temperature resistant
<High temp. resistant test>
<Glass fiber 6mm> <Aerogel paste-glass fiber 6mm>
<After 60 Seconds>
<Glass fiber>
< Aerogel paste-glass fiber >
Result: Glass fiber melted with 5 seconds but aerogel –glass fiber composite showed no change in surface for more than 1 minute.
17. 06. Performance Test – Condensation test
<While test> <After 24 hours of test>
<Condensation test for Aerogel paste-fiber composite>
The picture shows the condensation condition of aerogel‐
fiber composite after 24 hours condensed continuously
at ‐14.6 degree Celsius. The steel surface without being
covered by aerogel fiber composite has condensed below
zero and ice is formed on the surface whereas the
aerogel‐fiber composite surface is not affected at all. This
result is obtained due to the thermal insulation
performance as well as excellent hydrophobic
performance of the surface of aerogel‐fiber composite.
This combined feature makes it applicable at lower
temperatures also.
18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
keV
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
cps/eV
C O Ca
Ca
Cl
Cl
SiNa
Mg
Al K
K
07. Non-Hazard
Silica exists in nature in various form of quartz which is not harmful to humans
Non‐dusty, non‐flammable, no smell, even safe at high temperature.
Average particle size ranges from 70~100um safe even in inhalation.
Inorganic material no carcinogenic substance is produced.
Eco‐friendly and safe