Inversion involves changing the normal subject-verb order in a sentence. It is commonly used to form questions by placing the verb before the subject. Inversion is also sometimes used when a negative adverb or adverb phrase appears at the start of a sentence, or in conditional sentences with "should", "were", or "had". Inversion can add emphasis or formality. It also follows expressions involving time or place at the start of a sentence, or in sentences beginning with "so + adjective".
The document discusses different types of sentences including simple sentences with one clause, compound sentences with two independent clauses, and complex sentences with one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. It provides examples of each type of sentence and explains the basic structures of sentences including subject, verb, object, and complement. It also covers the different parts of speech including nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions.
This document discusses personal pronouns and their use as subject and object pronouns in English sentences. It provides tables that list the subject and object forms of each pronoun and examples of how to use pronouns as subjects and objects. It also discusses using pronouns after prepositions and includes exercises for the reader to practice identifying subject and object pronouns.
This document discusses the differences between active and passive voice, and provides examples of transforming sentences from active to passive voice in the simple present, past, and future tenses. The key points are:
- Active voice has the subject performing the action, while passive voice has the subject receiving the action.
- To change a sentence from active to passive voice, the tense is kept the same but the verb is changed to its past participle form and the subject and object are flipped.
- Examples are given for simple present (e.g. "The trees give us food and shade" becomes "We are given food and shade by the trees"), simple past (e.g. "Teacher gave us an activity yesterday
The Passive Voice, including uses, structure, special uses and structure, modal verbs, phrasal verbs, indefinite pronouns, imperative, question forms, and impersonal passive.
Including practice.
This document discusses how to change sentences from active to personal and impersonal passive according to verb tense. It provides examples for changing sentences in the present, present progressive, present perfect, past, past progressive, past perfect, future, and future perfect tenses. The key aspects covered are using "it" as the subject for impersonal passive and the second subject for personal passive, and conjugating the first verb into the appropriate passive form while changing subsequent verbs as needed, such as using infinitives.
This document discusses the use of comparative adjectives to compare two things or people. It provides the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of adjectives and the rules for forming comparatives for regular adjectives, irregular adjectives, and long adjectives. For regular adjectives, the comparative is formed by adding "-er" and the superlative by changing "er" to "est". Irregular adjectives have unique comparative and superlative forms that must be memorized. Long adjectives are modified with "more" and "most" rather than changing their form. Examples are provided to demonstrate usage.
The document provides examples of using the structure "have/has + noun + past participle" to express that someone else does an action for you. It gives sentence pairs where the first sentence uses an active verb like "cut" or "repair" followed by a second sentence using the "have/has + noun + past participle" structure to convey the same meaning but with the implication that someone else performs the action. It concludes by asking the reader to write their own sentences using the target structure.
Inversion involves changing the normal subject-verb order in a sentence. It is commonly used to form questions by placing the verb before the subject. Inversion is also sometimes used when a negative adverb or adverb phrase appears at the start of a sentence, or in conditional sentences with "should", "were", or "had". Inversion can add emphasis or formality. It also follows expressions involving time or place at the start of a sentence, or in sentences beginning with "so + adjective".
The document discusses different types of sentences including simple sentences with one clause, compound sentences with two independent clauses, and complex sentences with one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. It provides examples of each type of sentence and explains the basic structures of sentences including subject, verb, object, and complement. It also covers the different parts of speech including nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions.
This document discusses personal pronouns and their use as subject and object pronouns in English sentences. It provides tables that list the subject and object forms of each pronoun and examples of how to use pronouns as subjects and objects. It also discusses using pronouns after prepositions and includes exercises for the reader to practice identifying subject and object pronouns.
This document discusses the differences between active and passive voice, and provides examples of transforming sentences from active to passive voice in the simple present, past, and future tenses. The key points are:
- Active voice has the subject performing the action, while passive voice has the subject receiving the action.
- To change a sentence from active to passive voice, the tense is kept the same but the verb is changed to its past participle form and the subject and object are flipped.
- Examples are given for simple present (e.g. "The trees give us food and shade" becomes "We are given food and shade by the trees"), simple past (e.g. "Teacher gave us an activity yesterday
The Passive Voice, including uses, structure, special uses and structure, modal verbs, phrasal verbs, indefinite pronouns, imperative, question forms, and impersonal passive.
Including practice.
This document discusses how to change sentences from active to personal and impersonal passive according to verb tense. It provides examples for changing sentences in the present, present progressive, present perfect, past, past progressive, past perfect, future, and future perfect tenses. The key aspects covered are using "it" as the subject for impersonal passive and the second subject for personal passive, and conjugating the first verb into the appropriate passive form while changing subsequent verbs as needed, such as using infinitives.
This document discusses the use of comparative adjectives to compare two things or people. It provides the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of adjectives and the rules for forming comparatives for regular adjectives, irregular adjectives, and long adjectives. For regular adjectives, the comparative is formed by adding "-er" and the superlative by changing "er" to "est". Irregular adjectives have unique comparative and superlative forms that must be memorized. Long adjectives are modified with "more" and "most" rather than changing their form. Examples are provided to demonstrate usage.
The document provides examples of using the structure "have/has + noun + past participle" to express that someone else does an action for you. It gives sentence pairs where the first sentence uses an active verb like "cut" or "repair" followed by a second sentence using the "have/has + noun + past participle" structure to convey the same meaning but with the implication that someone else performs the action. It concludes by asking the reader to write their own sentences using the target structure.
The document discusses the simple present tense in English. It explains that the simple present tense is used to talk about habitual or repeated actions, permanent situations, general truths, and future plans. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures in the simple present tense and notes about forming verbs. Exercises are included to practice forming sentences in the simple present tense.
(1) The document discusses the past simple and past continuous tenses in English.
(2) The past simple is used to talk about completed past actions and permanent past actions, often using time words like "yesterday" or "last week." The past continuous describes an ongoing action in the past.
(3) Both tenses are used to talk about past events, but the past continuous emphasizes the ongoing nature of an action, while the past simple focuses on completion without reference to duration.
This document provides instruction on forming verbs in the past tense. It explains that regular verbs are made past tense by adding "ed" to the base verb. For verbs ending in "e", the "e" is dropped before adding "ed". Examples are provided such as "I walk to school" becoming "I walked to school" and "I save my money" becoming "I saved my money". The document emphasizes practicing applying these rules to correctly change verbs to the past tense.
This document provides information about different verb tenses in English including simple past, present, and future tenses, past and present progressive tenses, past perfect, present perfect, and future perfect tenses, and past perfect progressive and future perfect progressive tenses. For each tense, it provides the structure, examples of verbs in that tense form, and examples of sentences using that tense. It also includes tables comparing the different tenses across past, present, and future time frames and provides an exercise for labeling example sentences with the correct verb tense.
The document discusses the future simple tense in English using will and won't. It states that will is an auxiliary verb that indicates future time and is followed by the simple form of the main verb. It provides examples of questions and answers using will/won't in the affirmative and negative. It then gives a practice activity where students fill in blanks with will to complete predictions about a person's future.
The document provides instructions on forming negative imperatives (commands) in French. It explains that to make an imperative negative:
1. "Ne" is placed before the verb
2. "Pas" is placed after the verb
3. There is no expressed subject as the subject is implied
It provides examples of negative imperatives for -er, -ir, -re verbs as well as reflexive verbs. It also shows how to turn sample commands into their negative forms.
Present Tenses Contrast (Simple vs. Continuous)Sawsan Ali
The document provides an overview of present tenses in English, contrasting the present simple and present continuous tenses. It discusses their forms, usages, and exceptions. Key points include:
- The present simple is used for habits, routines, facts, scheduled events, and stative verbs like "like".
- The present continuous expresses ongoing or temporary actions happening now. It uses "be + verb+ing" and focuses on the present.
- Some stative verbs like "think", "see", and "have" can be used in the continuous form to change their meaning to an action.
- Examples are provided to illustrate the correct usage of each tense and exceptions to spelling rules. Ex
The document summarizes the present progressive tense through examples of what is happening at a party. It provides examples of sentences using the present progressive to describe singing, dancing, and other ongoing actions. It also discusses forming questions in the present progressive and using short answers with contractions.
We use two structures to form questions in the present simple tense: yes/no questions and wh- questions. Yes/no questions are formed using auxiliary verbs like "do" or "does" before the main verb. Wh- questions are formed using interrogative words like what, where, when before the main verb. Both question structures invert the subject and verb compared to statement forms.
The document discusses the use of the simple past tense in English. It notes that the simple past is used to talk about completed actions in the past. It provides examples of forming the past tense of regular verbs by adding "-ed" or "-d" and discusses irregular verbs. It also discusses the structure of affirmative and negative sentences and yes/no and information questions in the simple past tense. Special rules are provided for forming the past tense of the verb "to be".
This document discusses adverbs of manner and how they are formed from adjectives. It provides examples of common adjectives and their adverb forms by changing the adjective ending to "-ly". Exceptions are also noted, such as adverbs that do not change form or are irregular. The document concludes by clarifying that some words ending in "-ly" are adjectives, not adverbs, such as "lovely", "lonely", and "friendly". Practice examples are given to change adjectives to adverbs.
This document provides instruction on using the past simple tense in English. It discusses regular and irregular verbs in the past tense. Examples are given of asking questions and making negatives using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "was/were". Common questions are modeled like "What did you do yesterday?" Practice questions are also provided for students to form their own questions in the past simple tense.
The document discusses defining relative clauses, which are parts of sentences that provide a definition using a subject and verb. It provides examples of defining relative clauses using the subject "earring", including "It's a ring which you put in your ear" and "It's a ring which goes in your ear". It also gives an example of a defining relative clause in a sentence about a shy person named John, saying "John's a shy person who wears a lot of earrings."
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research from the early work in the 1950s to modern advances in deep learning. While progress has been significant, fully general human-level AI remains an ongoing challenge that researchers continue working to achieve.
This document discusses the formation of adverbs of manner in English. It explains that most adverbs of manner are formed by adding -ly to the corresponding adjective. However, there are some exceptions depending on the ending of the adjective, such as changing the ending to -ally if the adjective ends in -ic or changing the y to i if the adjective ends in a consonant+y. The document provides many examples to illustrate these patterns. It also notes that some adverbs are not formed with -ly and can be adverbs of other types such as location, time, or frequency.
This document discusses adjectives and adverbs of manner. It notes that adjectives describe nouns and generally appear before the noun, while adverbs of manner describe how something happens and generally appear after verbs or objects. It then provides rules for forming adverbs of manner from adjectives, usually by adding "-ly", as well as some irregular forms. Examples are given throughout to illustrate parts of speech and rules.
The document discusses the simple present tense in English. It explains that the simple present tense is used to talk about habitual or repeated actions, permanent situations, general truths, and future plans. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures in the simple present tense and notes about forming verbs. Exercises are included to practice forming sentences in the simple present tense.
(1) The document discusses the past simple and past continuous tenses in English.
(2) The past simple is used to talk about completed past actions and permanent past actions, often using time words like "yesterday" or "last week." The past continuous describes an ongoing action in the past.
(3) Both tenses are used to talk about past events, but the past continuous emphasizes the ongoing nature of an action, while the past simple focuses on completion without reference to duration.
This document provides instruction on forming verbs in the past tense. It explains that regular verbs are made past tense by adding "ed" to the base verb. For verbs ending in "e", the "e" is dropped before adding "ed". Examples are provided such as "I walk to school" becoming "I walked to school" and "I save my money" becoming "I saved my money". The document emphasizes practicing applying these rules to correctly change verbs to the past tense.
This document provides information about different verb tenses in English including simple past, present, and future tenses, past and present progressive tenses, past perfect, present perfect, and future perfect tenses, and past perfect progressive and future perfect progressive tenses. For each tense, it provides the structure, examples of verbs in that tense form, and examples of sentences using that tense. It also includes tables comparing the different tenses across past, present, and future time frames and provides an exercise for labeling example sentences with the correct verb tense.
The document discusses the future simple tense in English using will and won't. It states that will is an auxiliary verb that indicates future time and is followed by the simple form of the main verb. It provides examples of questions and answers using will/won't in the affirmative and negative. It then gives a practice activity where students fill in blanks with will to complete predictions about a person's future.
The document provides instructions on forming negative imperatives (commands) in French. It explains that to make an imperative negative:
1. "Ne" is placed before the verb
2. "Pas" is placed after the verb
3. There is no expressed subject as the subject is implied
It provides examples of negative imperatives for -er, -ir, -re verbs as well as reflexive verbs. It also shows how to turn sample commands into their negative forms.
Present Tenses Contrast (Simple vs. Continuous)Sawsan Ali
The document provides an overview of present tenses in English, contrasting the present simple and present continuous tenses. It discusses their forms, usages, and exceptions. Key points include:
- The present simple is used for habits, routines, facts, scheduled events, and stative verbs like "like".
- The present continuous expresses ongoing or temporary actions happening now. It uses "be + verb+ing" and focuses on the present.
- Some stative verbs like "think", "see", and "have" can be used in the continuous form to change their meaning to an action.
- Examples are provided to illustrate the correct usage of each tense and exceptions to spelling rules. Ex
The document summarizes the present progressive tense through examples of what is happening at a party. It provides examples of sentences using the present progressive to describe singing, dancing, and other ongoing actions. It also discusses forming questions in the present progressive and using short answers with contractions.
We use two structures to form questions in the present simple tense: yes/no questions and wh- questions. Yes/no questions are formed using auxiliary verbs like "do" or "does" before the main verb. Wh- questions are formed using interrogative words like what, where, when before the main verb. Both question structures invert the subject and verb compared to statement forms.
The document discusses the use of the simple past tense in English. It notes that the simple past is used to talk about completed actions in the past. It provides examples of forming the past tense of regular verbs by adding "-ed" or "-d" and discusses irregular verbs. It also discusses the structure of affirmative and negative sentences and yes/no and information questions in the simple past tense. Special rules are provided for forming the past tense of the verb "to be".
This document discusses adverbs of manner and how they are formed from adjectives. It provides examples of common adjectives and their adverb forms by changing the adjective ending to "-ly". Exceptions are also noted, such as adverbs that do not change form or are irregular. The document concludes by clarifying that some words ending in "-ly" are adjectives, not adverbs, such as "lovely", "lonely", and "friendly". Practice examples are given to change adjectives to adverbs.
This document provides instruction on using the past simple tense in English. It discusses regular and irregular verbs in the past tense. Examples are given of asking questions and making negatives using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "was/were". Common questions are modeled like "What did you do yesterday?" Practice questions are also provided for students to form their own questions in the past simple tense.
The document discusses defining relative clauses, which are parts of sentences that provide a definition using a subject and verb. It provides examples of defining relative clauses using the subject "earring", including "It's a ring which you put in your ear" and "It's a ring which goes in your ear". It also gives an example of a defining relative clause in a sentence about a shy person named John, saying "John's a shy person who wears a lot of earrings."
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research from the early work in the 1950s to modern advances in deep learning. While progress has been significant, fully general human-level AI remains an ongoing challenge that researchers continue working to achieve.
This document discusses the formation of adverbs of manner in English. It explains that most adverbs of manner are formed by adding -ly to the corresponding adjective. However, there are some exceptions depending on the ending of the adjective, such as changing the ending to -ally if the adjective ends in -ic or changing the y to i if the adjective ends in a consonant+y. The document provides many examples to illustrate these patterns. It also notes that some adverbs are not formed with -ly and can be adverbs of other types such as location, time, or frequency.
This document discusses adjectives and adverbs of manner. It notes that adjectives describe nouns and generally appear before the noun, while adverbs of manner describe how something happens and generally appear after verbs or objects. It then provides rules for forming adverbs of manner from adjectives, usually by adding "-ly", as well as some irregular forms. Examples are given throughout to illustrate parts of speech and rules.
This document discusses how adverbs of manner are typically formed in English by adding "-ly" to adjectives. It notes some exceptions to this rule, such as when the adjective ends in "ic", "le", "ue", "ll", or "y". It also discusses a few adverbs of manner, location, time and frequency that do not end in "-ly". The document concludes by noting that some adjectives ending in "-ly" do not have corresponding adverbs.
This document discusses adverbs and how they are formed from adjectives in English. It provides spelling rules for adding the suffix "-ly" to form adverbs from adjectives ending in letters like "-ic", "-le", "-ll", "-ue", and "-y". It also notes some adverbs like "well" that do not follow the typical "-ly" formation. Examples are given to illustrate the spelling patterns and distinguish adverbs from adjectives.
This document discusses adverbs of manner and how they are formed from adjectives. It provides examples of adjectives and their corresponding adverb forms used to describe verbs. Adverbs of manner describe how an action is performed, such as singing beautifully, driving slowly, working happily, and playing soccer well. To form most adverbs of manner, add -ly to the adjective, but some adjectives like happy change the final -y to -i and add -ly, or have irregular forms like well, fast, and hard.
The document discusses the formation of adverbs of manner in English. It states that most adverbs of manner are formed by adding -ly to the corresponding adjective. However, there are some exceptions depending on the ending of the adjective, such as adding -ally after adjectives ending in -ic or changing the ending before adding -ly. It provides many examples of adjectives and their corresponding adverbs of manner. It also notes that not all adverbs end in -ly and gives examples of other types of adverbs.
Adverbs of manner are used to describe how something happens. They are typically formed by adding -ly to adjectives, though there are some exceptions. Some common adverbs of manner include badly, carefully, gently, easily, happily, and loudly. Adverbs of manner can come before or after verbs, but must come after objects. They can also be placed before prepositions or after objects in verb + preposition + object constructions.
This document provides information on using the past simple tense of the verb "to be" in English. It covers the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. Key points include:
1. The affirmative form uses "was" or "were" followed by the subject.
2. The negative form can be contracted (e.g. wasn't, weren't) or full (was not, were not).
3. Questions are formed by placing "was" or "were" before the subject.
4. Short answers do not repeat the verb phrase and use "yes" or "no" with the contracted or full forms of "was" or "were".
This document provides information about using the present simple verb "have got" in English. It covers the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of have got as well as examples of its use for possession, relationships, and descriptions. Key points include how to construct the different forms using full and contracted versions, when to use the full verb form with proper nouns, and how to form short affirmative and negative answers.
2. Adverbs of manner
Avverbi di modo
Gli avverbi di modo si usano per descrivere come si fa qualcosa. Modificano il
significato del verbo.
John works quickly.
John lavora velocemente
3. Adverbs of manner
Avverbi di modo
Avverbi regolari
Aggettivo
quick
slow
quiet
beautiful
easy
fantastic
aggiungi -ly
Avverbio
quickly
slowly
quitly
beautifully
easily
fantastically
4. Adverbs of manner
Avverbi di modo
Ricorda che:
1) Gli avverbi di modo seguono sempre il verbo o un complemento oggetto
(se c’è).
soggetto + verbo + + complemneto
oggetto
+ avverbio
Kate speaks - slowly
Tom reads a book carefully
5. Adverbs of manner
Avverbi di modo
2) Gli avverbi di modo si formano aggiungendo –ly all’aggettivo.
bad
badly
slow
slowly
6. Adverbs of manner
Avverbi di modo
Modiche ortografiche
Ricorda che:
1. quando l’aggettivo finisce in –y si toglie la –y e si mette –ily
easy easily
happy happily
2. quando l’aggettivo finisce in –ic si aggiunge – ally
fantastic fantastically
7. Adverbs of manner
Avverbi di modo
Gli avverbi irregolari non seguono alcuna regola e hanno delle forme proprie
che vanno imparate a memoria.
Tina plays the guitar well.
Avverbi irregolari
Aggettivo Avverbio
good well
early early
late late
fast fast