- Historically, Seventh-day Adventists held strongly anti-Catholic views and teachings, identifying the Catholic Church as the prophesied "Babylon" and "beast" power. They produced significant publications warning about Catholic influence and conspiracy. - However, over time Adventist attitudes changed. They began recognizing cruelty on both sides of the Protestant-Catholic divide. Vatican II reforms also lessened anti-Catholic stances. Adventists now have more open relationships with other Christian denominations. - Some early Adventist pioneers like Ellen White warned about dangers of "worldly Protestantism" as well, but the church later downplayed this to seek acceptance from conservative Protestants. Meetings in the 1950

1. Changing Attitudes

2. Daniel Freeman Memorial Hospital Run by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet I argued in the Catholic Hospital which employed me against the election of Catholic Kennedy

3. In the US 516, or 35,7 % , of the 1442 entries in the 1919 edition of the Source Book for Bible Students dealt with Catholicism; in the 1962 Seventh-day Adventist Bible Student's Source Book (Don F. Neuffeld and Julia Neuffer, eds.; Washington, DC: RHPA, 1962) 399 out of a total of 1815 entries, or only 22% , focus on Catholicism. In 1970 I began research for an article entitled: “ Adventists and the Nazi Temptation” I was struck by my findings and I wrote: “ Catholicism, however, received the most attention in Adventist writings. In certain issues of some journals every second article dealt with Catholicism (Kirche und Staat, 1925) The writers believed the conspiracy of Catholicism lurked everywhere, its aim being the destruction of religious Liberty and...” One example of an article: H.F.Sch. “Rome on the Road to World Dominion”, Kirche und Staat, vol.12, nr.3, 1931 p.33

4. Adventist evangelists claim the papacy is the only power that meets all “nine” characteristics of “little horn” of Dan. 7. They freely broadcast this allegation in large public forums, via satellite, television and radio, through correspondence bible schools, and in personal evangelistic efforts. Millions of dollars are invested in such efforts. REVELATION SEMINAR STUDIES Lesson 19 THE MARK OF THE BEAST

5. Catholic Protestant In the Past: Cruelty on both Sides

6. Burial alive Decapitation Drowning Burnings Source of the Images Catholic Cruelties

7. Protestant Cruelties Between 1659 and 1660, the Quakers Mary Dyer, Marmaduke Stephenson and William Robinson were hanged in Puritan Massachusetts The Puritans repealed the Act of Toleration in Maryland in 1654, outlawed the Catholics. . . condemning ten of them to death, four of whom were executed. . . Michael Servetus in Geneva under Calvin Burning Anabaptist Felix Manz in Limmat River, 1527 Drowning Crushing Margaret Clitherow turned Catholic was crushed under a heavy oak door on March 25, 1586 Hanging Jesuit Edmund Campion tortured, burned with 125 Jesuits under Elisabeth I Execution

8. Protestant Catholic Sexual Abuse on both Sides “ The problem of sexual abuse has no denominational boundaries,”

9. Rev. John Geoghan Rev. Joseph Birmingham Rev. Paul R. Shanley Rev. Ronald H. Paquin Sexual Abusers In July 2008 Pope Benedict during a visit to Australia apologized for sexual abuse by clergy, condemning it as "evil" and saying abusers should be brought to justice Popular Miami Based Priest, Father Cutie Caught in Sexy Scandal

10. Aimee Semple McPherson , 1920s–40s Lonnie Frisbee, 1970s–1980s Billy James Hargis, early 1970s Jim Bakker , 1986 Jimmy Swaggart , 1991 Mike Warnke, 1991 John Paulk, 2000 Douglas Goodman, 2004 Ted Haggard , 2006- Paul Barnes, 2006 Lonnie Latham, 2006 Bishop Earl Paulk , 2007 Coy Privette, 2007 Joe Barron, 2008 Todd Bentley, 2008 Tony Alamo , 2008 Paulk Bakker Haggard McPherson

12. 1765

13. “ Abhor that arrant whore of Rome and all her blasphemies; Drink not of her cursed cup; Obey not her decrees .“ “John Rogers Verses” from the New England Primer To colonial New Englanders, the Pope was the "Antichrist," and the "Papists" who followed him were in league with the devil. http://massmoments.org/moment.cfm?mid=155

14. “ Immigration into U S is Vatican Plan for World Conquest” Samuel Morse Cincinnati: Published by Truman & Smith. New York: Leavitt, Lord & Co., 1836. Lyman Beecher Presbyterian minister, Pope is the Anti-Christ who plans to take over the US and set up his capital in the American West Morse telegraph

15. By 1825 over 100 periodicals were being published in the United States; 75% of them were religious and half of those were anti-Catholic . http://www.aoh61.com/history/bible/anti_catholic.htm

18. Chapter VI: “Father Dufresne called me out, saying he wished to speak with me. I feared what was his intention; but I dared not disobey. In a private apartment, he treated me in a brutal manner; and from two other priests, I afterward received similar usage that evening . Father Dufresne afterward appeared again; and I was compelled to remain in company with him until morning.” Chap IX: Babies killed and buried in cellar. Chapter XIX: Murders in the Convent 1836

19. Illustration from William Hogan's Popery! Mother Abbess Strangling the Infant The death Pit in "Decisive Confirmation of the Awful Disclosures of Maria Monk" by S.B. Smith, a former priest, in 1836.

21. Charles Chiniquy

22. Anti-catholic Newspaper The Menace: (Aurora, Mo.) 1911-1925 1 ½ million subscribers

23. Ca. 1910

24. The U.S. Justice Department identified 144 producers of anti-Catholic literature Michael Schwartz, Anti-Catholicism in America (1984), p.118 Kennedy’s campaign produced a gigantic outpouring of anti-Catholic propaganda

28. “ Creeping upon us from the darkness of the Dark Ages, a hideous monster…The name of this monster is Popery; and it has fixed its rapacious and bloodthirsty eyes on this land , determined to make it its helpless prey…” Uriah Smith, The United states in the Light of Prophecy, p. 107 Pope is the Anti-Christ who plans to take over the US and set up his capital in the American West Uriah Smith, Daniel and Revelation

29. The observance of Sabbath was understood as God's "seal" on the "remnant” Keeping of Sunday was declared to be the "mark" of the antichristian "beast” of Revelation 13. " The sign, or seal, of God is revealed in the observance of the seventh-day Sabbath, the Lord's memorial of creation. . . . The mark of the beast is the opposite of this-- the observance of the first day of the week." --8T p. 117 (1904). Roman Cat holicism was identified as the major agent in the change from Sabbath to Sunday. "Babylon" as consisting of a Protestant and a Catholic component, and with the attribution of a major role to the United States in the endtime drama

30. Vatican II Vernacular Liturgy Promotion of the Bible Religious Freedom Open relationship with non-Christian religions Episcopal collegiality

31. During his visit to America in April 2008, Pope Benedict XVI esteemed the model of American church-state relations as a potential schema to follow in Europe . http://www.libertymagazine.org/article/articleview/802/1/116/ Wednesday, April 9, 2008 Pope Benedict's appreciation for America's Religious Liberty http://benedictinamerica.blogspot.com/2008/04/pope-benedicts-appreciation-for.html Pope Benedict XVI has, in recent months, expressed his admiration for the “American model” of religious liberty and church-state liberty. http://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2009/01/93

32. Church Leaders Say "We're Sorry" German and Austrian churches apologize for Holocaust actions “… Seventh-day Adventist church leaders in Germany and Austria have released a declaration saying they "deeply regret" any participation in or support of Nazi activities during the war. The church bodies "honestly confess" a failure "in following our Lord" by not protecting Jews, and others, from that era's genocide, widely known as the Holocaust.

33. "Marvelous in her shrewdness and cunning is the Roman Church. . . And let it be remembered, it is the boast of Rome that she never changes . The principles of Gregory VII and Innocent III are still the principles of the Roman Catholic Church. And has she but the power, she would put them in practice with as much vigor now as in past centuries. . . . Rome is aiming to reestablish her power, to recover her lost supremacy" (Great Controversy, 507–8). “ Rome never Changes” G.W. Morse, Review and Herald (Nov.2, 1886), 679 If Rome seemed to be different from what it had earlier been, it was simply a matter of expediency. Uriah Smith, “ A Sly Word for Americans, “ RH ( April 23, 1895), 266 “ The music has changed. The road on which mankind is invited to proceed is smoother and more pleasing. But the destination of Catholic roads has not changed. They all lead to the same well-known destination – Rome” B.B. Beach ,( observer at Vatican II) “Change in the Church of Rome,” RH (April.21, 1966), 4.

34. “ Protestantism… Spiritualism… Roman power… Under the influence of this threefold union, our country will follow in the steps of Rome… GC, 1884 ed., 405

35. General Conference Bulletin 8 -Ninth Business Meeting, 57th General Conference Session, July 4, 2000,3:00pm, Toronto, Canada B. B. BEACH: “ One of the happy traditions of General Conference sessions in recent decades has been to have honored guests and observers from other churches in our midst. One of them is: Monsignor John A. Radano is a senior member of the Roman Catholic delegations and is head of the Western Section of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity [PCPCU], and principal liaison person between the Vatican and other ecclesiastical communities in the West. “ Bert B. Beach's encounter with the Roman Pontiff came as a member of the Christian World Communions, and following a special luncheon at the Vatican." Review Nov. 8, 2001

36. Protestantism Adventist Chart,1863 With fabulous Growth and Success Adventism sought acceptance by conservative Protestantism. Consequently, it downplayed the dangerous prophetic role of Protestantism. (See the meetings with Baptist Walter Martin and Presbyterian Donald Barnhousen and their positive assessment of Adventism and the subsequent Publication of Questions on Doctrine, 1957. LeRoy Froom called the meetings as “changing the impaired image of Adventism ”) Early Ellen G. White saw worldly Protestantism and Spiritualism , rather then Roman Catholicism as major players in the end-time scenario. EGW, Spiritual Gifts , vol.1: The Great Controversy (Battle Creek: James White, 1858, 189-193 “ The message announcing the fall of Babylon must apply to some religious body that was once pure, and has become corrupt. It cannot be the Romish Church which is here meant; for that has been in a fallen condition for many centuries. But how appropriate [is] the figure as applied to the Protestant churches ….” EGW, Great Controversy (1884), 232-233 The 1911 edition of the GC introduced a change: “ Therefore it [Babylon] cannot refer to the Roman Church alone.” GC , 1911 ed., 383

37. Adult Sabbath School Lesson for April–June 2002. Lesson 10 "The Dragon Versus the Remnant Part 2, Thursday June 6 Why do we say that those who keep Sunday do not have the mark of the beast now ? Why is it important that we make this point clear? Wednesday June 5 THE IMAGE OF THE BEAST (Rev. 13:14, 15). What test of loyalty does the second beast, on behalf of the first beast, impose upon the world? Rev. 13:14, 15. Whatever the exact details of how "the image to the beast" ( Rev. 13:15) will be manifested, one thing is clear: The issue regarding this image will center on worship.

38. Proclaim the Gospel and seek Conversions Adventist literature contained much that warns non-Catholics against Catholics, “ but very little that is intended primarily to convert Catholics themselves.” Furthermore, courtesy was needed and “abuse and derision have no place in Seventh-day Adventist literature” Alonzo L. Baker, “The Editor’s Council,” Review and Herald (Sept. 18, 1930), 25 Consider all the Facts, not just those that fit Admit the Positive “ Adventists usually did not look for positive things in the Catholic past, but were focused on elements that would further strengthen their viewpoint” Reinder Bruinsma, Seventh-day Adventist Attitudes Toward Roman Catholicism , Andrews Univ. Press, p. 297 Don’t Fidget Facts Leon A. Smith, son of Uriah Smith republished his fathers “ Daniel and Revelation” and ordered an artist to paint into the papal Tiara Vicarius Filii Dei were it had never been. The G.C. ordered its eventual removal. “ I have never found an authentic use by a papal leader, save in the forged Donation of Constantine in the decretum of Gratian” Letter of Leroy E. Froom to W.E.Howell, Aug.29, 1938 Don’t be Suspicious of every Action by Catholics “… it is important to guard against imputing sinister motives to the [Catholic] President every time he takes a step… To develop an attitude of constant suspicion is inimical to one’s spiritual health, and is at the same time, grossly unfair ….” K.H. Wood, commenting on the Catholic “The President-elect,” RH (Dec.8, 1960) 3. Don’t forget there are God’s Children in the Catholic Church “… within the fold of this great Babylon that many of the people of God are to be found” R.M. Kilmore, “Babylon,” RH (Sept.17, 185), 595

39. “ Adventists never believed that “our little church comprehends all the Christians in the world”. George I. Butler, “Fall of Babylon,” RH, extra issue (Nov. 22, 1887) 9.