Adolescence spans from ages 10-12 to 19-early 20s. This period is characterized by puberty and physical changes, cognitive development including advanced reasoning skills, evolving social relationships as independence from parents is sought, and identity formation. Emotionally, adolescents experience instability and intense emotions as they adjust to changes and pressures. Overall, adolescence is a transition from childhood to adulthood involving significant development across multiple domains.
Maternal and Child Health Nursing
Care of the Childbearing & Childbearing Family
Chapter 33 - Nursing Care of an Adolescent
(ppt based on Joanne Flagg and Adele Pillitteri 8th edition)
Maternal and Child Health Nursing
Care of the Childbearing & Childbearing Family
Chapter 33 - Nursing Care of an Adolescent
(ppt based on Joanne Flagg and Adele Pillitteri 8th edition)
This page is intentionally left blank PRESCHOOL PETakishaPeck109
This page is intentionally left blank
PRESCHOOL PERIOD
(3 to 6 years)
Height and weight continue to increase rapidly.
The body becomes less rounded and more
muscular.
The brain grows larger, neural interconnections
continue to develop, and lateralization emerges.
Gross and fine motor skills advance quickly.
Child ren can throw and catch balls, run, use forks
and spoons, and tie shoelaces.
Children begin to develop handedness.
Children show egocentric thinking (viewing world
from their own perspective) and "centration," a
focus on only one aspect of a stimulus.
Memory, attention span, and symbolic thinking
improve, and intuitive thought begins.
Language (sentence length, vocabulary, syntax,
and grammar) improves rapidly.
Children develop self-concepts, which may be
exaggerated.
A sense of gender and racial identity emerges.
Children begin to see peers as individuals and form
friendships based on trust and shared interests.
Morality is rule-based and focused on rewards and
punishments.
Play becomes more constructive and cooperative,
and social skills become important.
Preoperational stage
Initiative-versus-guilt stage
Phallic stage
Preconventional morality level
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
(6 to 12 years)
Growth becomes slow and steady. Muscles
develop, and "baby fat" is lost.
Gross motor skills (biking, swimming, skating,
ball handling) and fine motor skills (writing, typing,
fastening buttons) continue to improve.
Children apply logical operations to problems.
U nderstanding of conservation (that changes
in shape do not necessarily affect quantity) and
transformation (that objects can go through many
states without changing) emerge.
Children can "decenter"-take m ultiple
perspectives into account.
Memory encoding, storage, and retrieval improve,
and control strategies (meta-memory) develop.
Language pragmatics (social conventions) and
metalinguistic awareness (self-monitoring) improve.
Children refer to psychological traits to define
themselves. Sense of self becomes differentiated.
Social comparison is used to understand one's
standing and identity.
Self-esteem grows differentiated, and a sense of
self-efficacy (an appraisal of what one can and
cannot do) develops.
Children approach moral problems intent on
maintaining social respect and accepting what
society defines as right.
Friendship patterns of boys and girls differ. Boys
mostly interact with boys in groups, and girls tend
to interact singly or in pai rs with other girls.
Concrete operational stage
I ndustry-versus-inferiority stage
Latency period
Conventional morality level
PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT
COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL/
PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
THEORIES
&
THEORISTS
Jean
Piaget
Erik
Erikson
Sigmund
Freud
Lawrence
Koh Iberg
ADOLESCENCE
(12 to 20 years)
• Girls begin the adolescent growth spurt around
age 1 0, boys around age 1 2 .
• Girls reach puberty aroun ...
Adolescence Essay
Essay On Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Adolescence Essay
Adolescence Essay
Looking Back at Adolescence Essay examples
Adolescence Development Essay
Adolescence Essay
Essay On Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Adolescence Essay
Adolescence Essay
Looking Back at Adolescence Essay examples
Adolescence Development Essay
The process of growth and development starts before the baby born I.e. from the conception in the mother’s womb. The period extends throughout the life cycle.
These developmental stages are complex and can vary from person to person, but they generally provide a framework for understanding the changes and growth that occur during middle and late adolescence.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
This page is intentionally left blank PRESCHOOL PETakishaPeck109
This page is intentionally left blank
PRESCHOOL PERIOD
(3 to 6 years)
Height and weight continue to increase rapidly.
The body becomes less rounded and more
muscular.
The brain grows larger, neural interconnections
continue to develop, and lateralization emerges.
Gross and fine motor skills advance quickly.
Child ren can throw and catch balls, run, use forks
and spoons, and tie shoelaces.
Children begin to develop handedness.
Children show egocentric thinking (viewing world
from their own perspective) and "centration," a
focus on only one aspect of a stimulus.
Memory, attention span, and symbolic thinking
improve, and intuitive thought begins.
Language (sentence length, vocabulary, syntax,
and grammar) improves rapidly.
Children develop self-concepts, which may be
exaggerated.
A sense of gender and racial identity emerges.
Children begin to see peers as individuals and form
friendships based on trust and shared interests.
Morality is rule-based and focused on rewards and
punishments.
Play becomes more constructive and cooperative,
and social skills become important.
Preoperational stage
Initiative-versus-guilt stage
Phallic stage
Preconventional morality level
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
(6 to 12 years)
Growth becomes slow and steady. Muscles
develop, and "baby fat" is lost.
Gross motor skills (biking, swimming, skating,
ball handling) and fine motor skills (writing, typing,
fastening buttons) continue to improve.
Children apply logical operations to problems.
U nderstanding of conservation (that changes
in shape do not necessarily affect quantity) and
transformation (that objects can go through many
states without changing) emerge.
Children can "decenter"-take m ultiple
perspectives into account.
Memory encoding, storage, and retrieval improve,
and control strategies (meta-memory) develop.
Language pragmatics (social conventions) and
metalinguistic awareness (self-monitoring) improve.
Children refer to psychological traits to define
themselves. Sense of self becomes differentiated.
Social comparison is used to understand one's
standing and identity.
Self-esteem grows differentiated, and a sense of
self-efficacy (an appraisal of what one can and
cannot do) develops.
Children approach moral problems intent on
maintaining social respect and accepting what
society defines as right.
Friendship patterns of boys and girls differ. Boys
mostly interact with boys in groups, and girls tend
to interact singly or in pai rs with other girls.
Concrete operational stage
I ndustry-versus-inferiority stage
Latency period
Conventional morality level
PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT
COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL/
PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
THEORIES
&
THEORISTS
Jean
Piaget
Erik
Erikson
Sigmund
Freud
Lawrence
Koh Iberg
ADOLESCENCE
(12 to 20 years)
• Girls begin the adolescent growth spurt around
age 1 0, boys around age 1 2 .
• Girls reach puberty aroun ...
Adolescence Essay
Essay On Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Adolescence Essay
Adolescence Essay
Looking Back at Adolescence Essay examples
Adolescence Development Essay
Adolescence Essay
Essay On Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Adolescence Essay
Adolescence Essay
Looking Back at Adolescence Essay examples
Adolescence Development Essay
The process of growth and development starts before the baby born I.e. from the conception in the mother’s womb. The period extends throughout the life cycle.
These developmental stages are complex and can vary from person to person, but they generally provide a framework for understanding the changes and growth that occur during middle and late adolescence.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2. Puberty & Adolescence
Begins with Puberty (the process that leads to sexual
maturity, or fertility – the ability to reproduce) and ends
with the age of legal maturity
Adolescence, in modern industrial societies, is the long
transitional period from childhood to adulthood
Around seventeen (average adolescence enters the senior
year of high school) is regarded as dividing line between
early and late adolescence
Changes in attitude, behaviour and values are more rapid
and different in the early than in the later part of
adolescence
3. Adolescence
Full of opportunities for physical, cognitive,
and psychosocial growth, But also of risks to
healthy development.
Risky behaviour patterns, such as drinking
alcohol, drug abuse, sexual and gang activity,
motorcycling without helmets and use of sharp
arms, tend to be established
About 4 out of 5 young people experience no
major problems.
4. Characteristics of Adolescence
Important Period
Transition Period
Period of Change
Problem Age
Time of search for identity
dreaded age
Time of unrealism
Threshold of Adulthood
5. Physical Changes
Puberty : The end of Childhood
Rapid growth in height and weight
Changes in body proportion and forms (pubic hair, muscular
growth). Deeper voice
Attainment of sexual maturity
Hormonal changes affect mood and behavior
Strongly related to moods in boys than girls especially in early adolescents
Girls are taller, heavier, and stronger between 11 and 13 than
boys
Though boys start their growth spurt later than girls, their
growth continues longer, with the result that, at maturity,
they are usually taller and
have more muscular strength than girls
6. Physical Changes
Eyes grows faster causing an increase in near
sightedness
Lower jaw becomes longer and thicker
Jaw and nose project more
Incisor teeth become more upright
Most concerned about their looks than about any
aspects themselves. (may lead to eating problems)
7. Physical Changes
Period Adolescence categorized into three
stages
early adolescence (12-14 years)
middle adolescence (14-17 years)
late adolescence (17-19 years)
8. Adolescence
early adolescence (12-14 years)
Gains in height and weight;
Growth of pubic and underarm hair;
Body sweats more;
Hair and skin become more oily;
Breast development and menstruation in girls;
Growth of testicles and penis,
Nocturnal emissions (wet dreams),
Deepening of voice,
Growth of hair on face in boys
9. Adolescence
middle adolescence (14-17 years)
Continued height and weight gains;
Growth of pubic and underarm hair;
Body sweats more;
Hair and skin become more oily;
Breast development and menstruation in girls;
Growth of testicles and penis,
Nocturnal emissions (wet dreams),
Deepening of voice,
Growth of hair on face in boys
12. Perception and Reaction to
Physical Changes
Few experiences body satisfaction with their bodies
(more dissatisfaction with some parts of their bodies than with other
parts)
One of the cause of unfavorable self-concepts and
lack of self-esteem
Clothing and beauty aids can be used to hide their
physical features the adolescent regards as
attractive, they assures body- cathexis.
14. Cognitive Development
Though their thinking may remain immature in
some ways, many are capable of
abstract reasoning (highest level of cognitive
development)
sophisticated moral judgments and
can plan more realistically for the future
Can engage in hypothetical – deductive
reasoning
15.
16. Cognitive Development
Hypothetical Deductive Reasoning
Adam is shown the pendulum – an object hanging
from a string, letting him known about he can
change any of four factors
The length of the string
the weight of the object,
the height from which the object is released and
The amount of force he may use to push the object
He is asked to figure out which factor or
combination of factors determines how fast the
pendulum swings
17. Cognitive Development
Adam, not yet 7 years
Unable to formulate plan to solve it
Tried one thing after another in a hit or miss
manner randomly
First he puts a light weight on a long string and
pushes it
Then swinging a heavy weight on a short string
Then removes the weight entirely
Cannot understand or report what has happened
18. Cognitive Development
Adam at age 10
Discovers that varying the length of the string and
the weight of the object affects the speed of swing
But, as he varies both factors at the same time,
cannot tell which is critical or whether both are
19. Cognitive Development
Adam at age 15
design an experiment systematically to test all the
possible hypothesis, varying one factor at a time –
first, the length of the string;
The weight of the object
Then the height from which it is released;
Finally, the amount of force used – each time holding
the other 3 factors constant.
Able to determine that only one factor – the length
of the string – determines how fast the pendulum
swings
20. Cognitive Development
around age 11, becomes more flexible to
manipulate in formation
No longer limited to here and now
Use symbol for symbols (letting the letter X stand
for an unknown numeral)
Better appreciate metaphor and story
Can think what might be, not just what is
21. Cognitive Development
Imagine possibilities and can form and test
hypothesis
Can integrate learning from the past with the
challenges of the present and make plan for
future
Brain maturation, environmental stimulation,
culture and schooling are important to attain this
stage
23. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALE5H9Byms0
A woman in near death from cancer. A druggist has
discovered a drug that doctors believe might save
her.
Druggist is charging $2ooo for a small dose – ten
times what the drug costs him to make.
Sick woman’s husband, Heinz, borrows from
everyone he knows but can scrape together only
$1000.
He begs the druggist but refuses saying “ I
discovered the drug and I’m going on make money
form it.”
Heinz, desperate, breaks into the man’s store and
steals the drug.
Should Heinz have done that? Why or why not?
24.
25. Moral Development
Moral Reasoning
based on a developing sense of justice and growing
cognitive abilities
progresses from external control to internalized
societal standards to personal, principled moral codes.
26. Moral Development
(Ages 4 -10)
Control is external
Obey rules to avoid punishment or reap rewards,
or act out of self – interest
(after age 10)
Standards of authority figures are internalized
Concerned about being “good”, pleasing others, and
maintaining the social order
Many people never move beyond it, even in
adulthood.
27. Moral Development
(early adolescence, or not until young adulthood, or never)
Follow internally held moral principles and
can decide among conflicting moral standards on the
basis of principles of right, fairness, and justice
People generally do not reach this level of moral
reasoning until at least early adolescence, or more
commonly in young adulthood, if ever.
29. Social Development
Achieving independence from parents
Just as adolescents feel tension between dependency
on their parents and the need to break away,
parent often have mixed feelings of that they want
their children to be independent, yet they find it hard
to let go.
These tensions often lead to family conflict, and
parenting styles can influence its shape and
outcome.
Adolescents and parents may spend less time
30. Social Development
An accumulation of frequent “hassles” can add up
to a stressful family atmosphere
Family conflict is
most frequent during early adolescence, when
negative emotionality is greatest,
but conflicts are most intense in mid adolescence
and
reduce in late adolescence
May be related to the strain of
puberty and the need to assert autonomy.
31. Social Development
Young people going through the physical changes feel
more comfortable with peers who are experiencing
similar changes
Questioning their parents’ adequacy as models of
behavior, but not yet sure enough of themselves to
stand alone, look to peers to show them what’s “in”
and what’s “out”.
Influence of peer strongest in early adolescence;
peaks at 12 -13, and
declines during middle and late adolescence as
relationship with parents are renegotiated
32. Social Development
Attachment to peers in early adolescence does not
forecast trouble unless the attachment is so strong that
the young person is willing to give up obeying house
hold rules, doing schoolwork, and developing his or
her own talents in order to win peer approval and
popularity.
33. Social Development
Development of Relationship
Spend more time with peers and less with family
However, most teenagers' fundamental values remain
closer to their parents’ than is generally realized
Even as adolescent s turn to peers for companionship
and intimacy, they look to parents for the “ secure
base” from which they can try their wings.
culture affects development of relationship.
35. Identity Formation, especially
in late adolescence
Identity vs Identity Confusion
Chief task is to resolve the “crisis” of Identity
vs Identity Confusion
To become a unique adult with a coherent
sense of self and a valued role in society.
(Who am I uniquely?)
to form an identity, they must ascertain and
organize their abilities, needs, interests, and
desires so they can be expressed in a social context.
Prime danger of this stage = identity confusion,
which can greatly delay reaching psychological
adulthood. (some degree of identity confusion is normal).
36. Ethnic Factors in Identity
Formation
Ethnicity is an important part of identity
Skin color, other physical features, language
differences and stereotyped social standing can have
strong influence in molding minority adolescent’s self -
concept.
Keenly conscious of conflicts between the values
stressed at home and those dominant in the wider
society.
37. Emotional Characteristics
Adolescence was thought to be of as a period of "storm
and stress" -a time of heightened emotional tension
resulting from the physical and glandular changes that
are taking place.
Adolescent emotionality can be attributed mainly to
the fact that they come under social pressures and face
new conditions for which they received little if any
preparation during childhood
Not all adolescents, go through a period of exaggerated
storm and stress.
38. Emotional Characteristics
most of them experience emotional instability from
time to time, required for making adjustments to new
patterns of behavior and to new social expectations.
Adolescent’s intense, uncontrolled, seemingly
irrational emotions generally improved with each
passing year.
Eg. 14 years, are often irritable, easily excited, and "explode"
emotionally instead of trying to control their feelings.
16 years, by contrast, say they "don't believe in worrying.”
Thus, storm and stress of this period lessens as early
adolescence draws to a close.
39. Emotional Characteristics
express their anger by sulking, refusing to speak, or
loudly criticizing those who angered them
also becomes envious of those with more material
possessions.
may not complain and feel sorry for themselves, as
children do
achieved emotional maturity if, by the end of
adolescence, when they assesses a situation critically
before responding to it emotionally instead of "blowing
up" emotionally
40. Emotional Characteristics
To achieve emotional maturity, adolescents must learn
to
get a perspective on situations which otherwise
would lead to emotional reactions.
They can do this best by discussing their problems with
others.
Use emotional catharsis to clear their systems of
pent-up emotional energy.
This they can do by strenuous physical exercise, in play or
work, by laughing or by crying.