An adjective is a word that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. Adjectives are key to effective descriptive writing as they allow readers to visualize what is being described by qualifying nouns. Adjectives convey how much, how many, what kind, and other attributes of nouns to improve clarity. Common adjectives relate to size, shape, color, and other characteristics. Examples demonstrate how adding descriptive adjectives enhances understanding by providing richer details about objects and topics.