The document describes how to model plate tectonic boundaries using various materials like aluminum foil, icing, and cookies. It explains how to simulate convergent boundaries where oceanic plates subduct under continental plates, divergent boundaries where continental and oceanic plates separate, and transform boundaries where plates slide past each other. Students are asked to observe and describe what happens at each boundary in the models and relate it to real plate tectonic movement.

1. ModelingPlate Movements
You are going to model the three ways that plates move at the plate
boundaries.
Materials:
A piece of aluminum foil, red icing, plastic knife, plastic spoon, one piece
of graham cracker, one rectangular chocolate covered cookies.
Which of your materials will be a model for each of the following:
a. the magma __________________________
b. an oceanic plate ________________________
c. a continental plate _______________________
First we will model one type of movement at a convergent boundary--
where a .oceanic plate is moving into a continental plate.
1. Place a large spoonful of icing on the aluminum foil.
2. Place the piece of graham cracker and the chocolate covered
cookietouching side by side. Push gently down on the graham
cracker and push it towards the chocolate cookie.
3. What do you see happening? ________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What does this model represent in the real world? _________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Draw a picture of what happens when an oceanic plate move into a
continental plate at a convergent boundary. Be sure to label your
diagram.

2. Materials:
A piece of aluminum foil, red icing, plastic knife, a plastic spoon, two
rectangular pieces of a snickerdoodle cookie.
Which of your materials will be a model for each of the following:
a. the magma __________________________
b. a continental plate ________________________
Now you will model the second type of movement at a divergent
boundary where a continental platemoves into another continental
plate.
1. Place a large spoonful of icing on the aluminum foil and with your
knife smooth it out flat.
2. Pick up the two pieces of graham cracker and lay them on top of
the icing next to one another touching.
3. Press down gently on the graham crackers.
4. Slowly move the graham crackers a few millimeters apart while
pushing down on them gently.
5. What do you see happening? ________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
6. What does this model represent in the real world? _________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Draw a picture of what happens when one continental plate movesinto
another continental plate at a convergent boundary. Be sure to label
your diagram.

3. Materials:
A piece of aluminum foil, red icing, plastic knife, a plastic spoon, two
pieces of graham cracker.
Which of your materials will be a model for each of the following:
a. the magma __________________________
b. an oceanic plate ________________________
Now you will model how the movement at a divergent boundary
where two oceanic plates are moving apart.
1. With your knife, smooth out the icing.
2. Pick up the two pieces of graham cracker and lay them on top of
the icing next to one another touching.
3. Press down gently on the graham crackers.
4. Gradually move the graham crackers a few millimeters apart
while pushing down on them gently.
5. What do you see happening? ________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
6. What does this model represent in the real world? _________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Draw a picture of what happens when two oceanic plates move apart at
a divergent boundary. Be sure to label your diagram.

4. Materials:
A piece of aluminum foil, red icing, plastic knife, a plastic spoon, two
pieces of sugar wafer cookies.
The sugar wafer cookie will represent either a continental plate or an
oceanic plate.
Now you will model the movement at a transform boundary where
two oceanic plates or two continental plates are moving side by side.
1. With your knife, smooth out the icing.
2. Pick up the two pieces of sugar wafer cookie and lay them on top
of the icing next to one another touching.
3. Press the two cookies together firmly at the same time as you
push one and pull the other in the opposite direction.Apply
pressure to the point that something gives.
4. What do you see happen? ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
5. What does this model represent in the real world? _________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Draw a picture of what happens when two plates (either continental
oroceanic)mmove side by side at a transform boundary. Be sure to label
your diagram.