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The document describes the design of an active controller to achieve hybrid synchronization between two hyperchaotic systems - the hyperchaotic Zheng system and the hyperchaotic Yu system. Hybrid synchronization means the odd states of the systems are completely synchronized while the even states are completely anti-synchronized. The active controller is designed using Lyapunov stability theory and numerical simulations demonstrate the hybrid synchronization between the hyperchaotic systems.
ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC XU AN...Zac Darcy
The synchronization of chaotic systems treats a pair of chaotic systems, which are usually called as master
and slave systems. In the chaos synchronization problem, the goal of the design is to synchronize the states
of master and slave systems asymptotically. In the hybrid synchronization design of master and slave
systems, one part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the other
part, viz. their even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-exist in the process
of synchronization. This research work deals with the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Xi systems
(2009) and hyperchaotic Li systems (2005). The main results of this hybrid research work are established
with Lyapunov stability theory. MATLAB simulations of the hybrid synchronization results are shown for
the hyperchaotic Xu and Li systems.
ADAPTIVESYNCHRONIZER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC ZH...ijitcs
This paper derives new adaptive synchronizers for the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Zheng
systems (2010) and hyperchaotic Yu systems (2012). In the hybrid synchronization design of master and
slave systems, one part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the
other part, viz. their even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-exist in the
process of synchronization. The research problem gets even more complicated, when the parameters of the
hyperchaotic systems are not known and we handle this complicate problem using adaptive control. The
main results of this research work are established via adaptive control theory andLyapunov stability
theory. MATLAB plotsusing classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method have been depictedfor the new
adaptive hybrid synchronization results for the hyperchaotic Zheng and hyperchaotic Yu systems.
GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC QI AND HYPERCHAOTIC JHA SYSTEMS ...ijistjournal
This paper derives new results for the global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems (2008), identical hyperchaotic Jha systems (2007) and non-identical hyperchaotic Qi and Jha systems. Active nonlinear control is the method adopted to achieve the complete synchronization of the identical and different hyperchaotic Qi and Jha systems. Our stability results derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulations are shown to validate and illustrate the effectiveness of the synchronization results derived in this paper.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF SPROTT-I SYSTEM WITH UNKNOWN PARAMETERSijscai
This paper derives new results for the adaptive control and synchronization design of the Sprott-I chaotic system (1994), when the system parameters are unknown. First, we build an adaptive controller to stabilize the Sprott-I chaotic system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. Then we build an adaptive
synchronizer to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Sprott-I chaotic systems with unknown parameters. The results derived for adaptive stabilization and adaptive synchronization for the Sprott-I chaotic system have been established using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability
theory. Numerical simulations have been shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive control and synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the Sprott-I chaotic system.
GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF UNCERTAIN LORENZ-STENFLO AND QI 4-D CHAOTIC S...ijistjournal
In this paper, we apply adaptive control method to derive new results for the global chaos synchronization of 4-D chaotic systems, viz. identical Lorenz-Stenflo(LS) systems (Stenflo, 2001), identical Qi systems (Qi, Chen and Du, 2005) and non-identical LS and Qi systems. In this paper, we shall assume that the parameters of both master and slave systems are unknown and we devise adaptive control schemes for synchronization using the estimates of parameters for both master and slave systems. Our adaptive synchronization schemes derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to synchronize identical and non-identical LS and Qi systems.
Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization schemes for the identical and non-identical, uncertain LS and Qi 4-D chaotic systems.
ADAPTIVE CHAOS CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC LIU SYSTEM ijcseit
The hyperchaotic Liu system (Wang and Liu, 2006) is one of the important models of four-dimensional
hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive chaos control and synchronization of
hyperchaotic Liu system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to stabilize
the hyperchaotic Liu system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin based on the adaptive control theory
and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos
synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Liu systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations
are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive chaos control and
synchronization schemes.
ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC YANG ...ijics
In the anti-synchronization of chaotic systems, a pair of chaotic systems called drive and responsesystems
are considered, and the design goal is to drive the sum of their respective states to zero asymptotically. This
paper derives new results for the anti-synchronization of hyperchaotic Yang system (2009) and
hyperchaotic Pang system (2011) with uncertain parameters via adaptive control. Hyperchaotic systems
are nonlinear chaotic systems withtwo or more positive Lyapunov exponents and they have applications in
areas like neural networks, encryption, secure data transmission and communication. The main results
derived in this paper are illustrated with MATLAB simulations.
ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC XU ...ijait
This paper derives new adaptive results for the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Xi systems (2009)
and hyperchaotic Li systems (2005). In the hybrid synchronization design of master and slave systems, one
part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the other part, viz. their
even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-exist in the process of
synchronization. The research problem gets even more complicated, when the parameters of the
hyperchaotic systems are unknown and we tackle this problem using adaptive control. The main results of
this research work are proved using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. MATLAB
simulations using classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are shown for the new adaptive hybrid
synchronization results for the hyperchaotic Xu and hyperchaotic Li systems.
ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC XU AN...Zac Darcy
The synchronization of chaotic systems treats a pair of chaotic systems, which are usually called as master
and slave systems. In the chaos synchronization problem, the goal of the design is to synchronize the states
of master and slave systems asymptotically. In the hybrid synchronization design of master and slave
systems, one part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the other
part, viz. their even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-exist in the process
of synchronization. This research work deals with the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Xi systems
(2009) and hyperchaotic Li systems (2005). The main results of this hybrid research work are established
with Lyapunov stability theory. MATLAB simulations of the hybrid synchronization results are shown for
the hyperchaotic Xu and Li systems.
ADAPTIVESYNCHRONIZER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC ZH...ijitcs
This paper derives new adaptive synchronizers for the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Zheng
systems (2010) and hyperchaotic Yu systems (2012). In the hybrid synchronization design of master and
slave systems, one part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the
other part, viz. their even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-exist in the
process of synchronization. The research problem gets even more complicated, when the parameters of the
hyperchaotic systems are not known and we handle this complicate problem using adaptive control. The
main results of this research work are established via adaptive control theory andLyapunov stability
theory. MATLAB plotsusing classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method have been depictedfor the new
adaptive hybrid synchronization results for the hyperchaotic Zheng and hyperchaotic Yu systems.
GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC QI AND HYPERCHAOTIC JHA SYSTEMS ...ijistjournal
This paper derives new results for the global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems (2008), identical hyperchaotic Jha systems (2007) and non-identical hyperchaotic Qi and Jha systems. Active nonlinear control is the method adopted to achieve the complete synchronization of the identical and different hyperchaotic Qi and Jha systems. Our stability results derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulations are shown to validate and illustrate the effectiveness of the synchronization results derived in this paper.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF SPROTT-I SYSTEM WITH UNKNOWN PARAMETERSijscai
This paper derives new results for the adaptive control and synchronization design of the Sprott-I chaotic system (1994), when the system parameters are unknown. First, we build an adaptive controller to stabilize the Sprott-I chaotic system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. Then we build an adaptive
synchronizer to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Sprott-I chaotic systems with unknown parameters. The results derived for adaptive stabilization and adaptive synchronization for the Sprott-I chaotic system have been established using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability
theory. Numerical simulations have been shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive control and synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the Sprott-I chaotic system.
GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF UNCERTAIN LORENZ-STENFLO AND QI 4-D CHAOTIC S...ijistjournal
In this paper, we apply adaptive control method to derive new results for the global chaos synchronization of 4-D chaotic systems, viz. identical Lorenz-Stenflo(LS) systems (Stenflo, 2001), identical Qi systems (Qi, Chen and Du, 2005) and non-identical LS and Qi systems. In this paper, we shall assume that the parameters of both master and slave systems are unknown and we devise adaptive control schemes for synchronization using the estimates of parameters for both master and slave systems. Our adaptive synchronization schemes derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to synchronize identical and non-identical LS and Qi systems.
Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization schemes for the identical and non-identical, uncertain LS and Qi 4-D chaotic systems.
ADAPTIVE CHAOS CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC LIU SYSTEM ijcseit
The hyperchaotic Liu system (Wang and Liu, 2006) is one of the important models of four-dimensional
hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive chaos control and synchronization of
hyperchaotic Liu system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to stabilize
the hyperchaotic Liu system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin based on the adaptive control theory
and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos
synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Liu systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations
are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive chaos control and
synchronization schemes.
ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC YANG ...ijics
In the anti-synchronization of chaotic systems, a pair of chaotic systems called drive and responsesystems
are considered, and the design goal is to drive the sum of their respective states to zero asymptotically. This
paper derives new results for the anti-synchronization of hyperchaotic Yang system (2009) and
hyperchaotic Pang system (2011) with uncertain parameters via adaptive control. Hyperchaotic systems
are nonlinear chaotic systems withtwo or more positive Lyapunov exponents and they have applications in
areas like neural networks, encryption, secure data transmission and communication. The main results
derived in this paper are illustrated with MATLAB simulations.
ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC XU ...ijait
This paper derives new adaptive results for the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Xi systems (2009)
and hyperchaotic Li systems (2005). In the hybrid synchronization design of master and slave systems, one
part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the other part, viz. their
even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-exist in the process of
synchronization. The research problem gets even more complicated, when the parameters of the
hyperchaotic systems are unknown and we tackle this problem using adaptive control. The main results of
this research work are proved using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. MATLAB
simulations using classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are shown for the new adaptive hybrid
synchronization results for the hyperchaotic Xu and hyperchaotic Li systems.
ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC WANG AND HYPERCHAOTIC LI SYSTEMS WITH UN...ijcseit
In chaos theory, the problem anti-synchronization of chaotic systems deals with a pair of chaotic systems
called drive and response systems. In this problem, the design goal is to drive the sum of their respective
states to zero asymptotically. This problem gets even more complicated and requires special attention when
the parameters of the drive and response systems are unknown. This paper uses adaptive control theory
and Lyapunov stability theory to derive new results for the anti-synchronization of hyperchaotic Wang
system (2008) and hyperchaotic Li system (2005) with uncertain parameters. Hyperchaotic systems are
nonlinear dynamical systems exhibiting chaotic behaviour with two or more positive Lyapunov exponents.
The hyperchaotic systems have applications in areas like oscillators, lasers, neural networks, encryption,
secure transmission and secure communication. The main results derived in this paper are validated and
demonstrated with MATLAB simulations.
ADAPTIVE STABILIZATION AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF LÜ-LIKE ATTRACTORijcseit
This paper derives new results for the adaptive chaos stabilization and synchronization of Lü-like attractor
with unknown parameters. The Lü-like attractor is one of the recently discovered 3-scroll chaotic systems,
which was proposed by D. Li (2007). First, adaptive control laws are determined to stabilize the Lü-like
attractor to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. These adaptive laws are established using Lyapunov
stability theory. Then adaptive synchronization laws are determined so as to achieve global chaos
synchronization of identical Lü-like attractors with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are
presented to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control and
synchronization schemes for the Lü-like attractor.
ADAPTIVE STABILIZATION AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC QI SYSTEM cseij
The hyperchaotic Qi system (Chen, Yang, Qi and Yuan, 2007) is one of the important models of fourdimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive stabilization and synchronization of hyperchaotic Qi system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to stabilize the hyperchaotic Qi system to its equilibrium point at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization schemes.
ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC BAO AND HYPERCHAOTIC XU SYSTEMS VIA ACTI...IJCSEIT Journal
This paper investigates the anti-synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Bao systems (Bao and Liu,
2008), identical hyperchaotic Xu systems (Xu, Cai and Zheng, 2009) and non-identical hyperchaotic Bao
and hyperchaotic Xu systems. Active nonlinear control has been deployed for the anti- synchronization of
the hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper and the main results have been established using
Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the active
nonlinear control method is very effective and convenient to achieve anti-synchronization of identical and
non-identical hyperchaotic Bao and hyperchaotic Xu systems. Numerical simulations have been provided to
validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the anti-synchronization results for the hyperchaotic Cao and
hyperchaotic Xu systems.
THE ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR ACHIEVING GENERALIZED PROJECTIVE SYNCHRONIZA...ijait
This paper discusses the design of active controllers for achieving generalized projective synchronization (GPS) of identical hyperchaotic Lü systems (Chen, Lu, Lü and Yu, 2006), identical hyperchaotic Cai systems (Wang and Cai, 2009) and non-identical hyperchaotic Lü and hyperchaotic Cai systems. The synchronization results (GPS) for the hyperchaotic systems have been derived using active control method and established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the active control method is very effective and convenient for achieving the GPS of the
hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the GPS synchronization results derived in this paper.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF LIU’S FOUR-WING CHAOTIC SYSTEM WITH C...IJCSEA Journal
This paper investigates the adaptive chaos control and synchronization of Liu’s four-wing chaotic system with cubic nonlinearity (Liu, 2009) and unknown parameters. First, we design adaptive control laws to stabilize the Liu’s four-wing chaotic system with cubic nonlinearity to its unstable equilibrium at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Next, we derive adaptive control laws to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical Liu’s four-wing chaotic systems with cubic nonlinearity and unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive chaos control and synchronization schemes.
HYBRID CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF UNCERTAIN LORENZ-STENFLO AND QI 4-D CHAOTIC S...IJITCA Journal
This paper investigates the hybrid chaos synchronization of uncertain 4-D chaotic systems, viz. identical Lorenz-Stenflo (LS) systems (Stenflo, 2001), identical Qi systems (Qi, Chen and Du, 2005) and nonidentical
LS and Qi systems. In hybrid chaos synchronization of master and slave systems, the odd states of the two systems are completely synchronized, while the even states of the two systems are antisynchronized so that complete synchronization (CS) and anti-synchronization (AS) co-exist in the
synchronization of the two systems. In this paper, we shall assume that the parameters of both master and slave systems are unknown and we devise adaptive control schemes for the hybrid chaos synchronization using the estimates of parameters for both master and slave systems. Our adaptive synchronization schemes derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to achieve hybrid synchronization of identical and non-identical LS and Qi systems. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptivesynchronization schemes for the identical and non-identical uncertain LS and Qi 4-D chaotic systems.
Adaptive Controller Design For The Synchronization Of Moore-Spiegel And Act S...ijcsa
In this paper, we design adaptive controllers for the global chaos synchronization of identical MooreSpiegel systems (1966), identical ACT systems (1981) and non-identical Moore-Spiegel and ACT chaotic systems with unknown parameters. Our adaptive synchronization results derived in this paper for
uncertain Moore-Spiegel and ACT systems are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to synchronize identical and non-identical uncertain Moore-Spiegel and ACT chaotic
systems. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization schemes for the global chaos synchronization of the uncertain chaotic systems derived in this paper.
Adaptive Control and Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Cai Systemijctcm
The hyperchaotic Cai system (Wang, Cai, Miao and Tian, 2010) is one of the important paradigms of fourdimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive control and synchronization of hyperchaotic Cai system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to stabilize the hyperchaotic Cai system to its unstable equilibrium point at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Cai systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control and synchronization schemes
ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC NEWTON-LEIPNIK SYSTEM ijait
The hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik system (Ghosh and Bhattacharya, 2010) is one of the recently discovered four-dimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive control and synchronization of hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive
control laws are designed to stabilize the hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik
systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization schemes.
THE DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER AND SYNCHRONIZER FOR QI-CHEN SYSTEM WITH UN...IJCSEA Journal
This paper investigates the design problem of adaptive controller and synchronizer for the Qi-Chen system (2005), when the system parameters are unknown. First, we build an adaptive controller to stabilize the QiChen chaotic system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. Then we build an adaptive synchronizer to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Qi-Chen chaotic systems with unknown parameters. The results derived for adaptive stabilization and adaptive synchronization for the Qi-Chen chaotic system are established using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulations have been shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive control and synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the Qi-Chen chaotic system.
HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF LIU AND LÜ CHAOTIC SYSTEMS VIA ADAPTIVE CONTROLijait
This paper derives new results for the hybrid synchronization of identical Liu systems, identical Lü systems, and non-identical Liu and Lü systems via adaptive control method. Liu system (Liu et al. 2004) and Lü system (Lü and Chen, 2002) are important models of three-dimensional chaotic systems. Hybrid synchronization of the three-dimensional chaotic systems addressed in this paper is achieved through the synchronization of the first and last pairs of states and anti-synchronization of the middle pairs of the two systems. Adaptive control method is deployed in this paper for the general case when the system
parameters are unknown. Sufficient conditions for hybrid synchronization of identical Liu systems, identical Lü systems and non-identical Liu and Lü systems are derived via adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not needed for these calculations, the
adaptive control method is very effective and convenient for the hybrid synchronization of the chaotic systems addressed in this paper. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization schemes.
Adaptive Projective Lag Synchronization of T and Lu Chaotic Systems IJECEIAES
In this paper, the synchronization problem of T chaotic system and Lu chaotic system is studied. The parameter of the drive T chaotic system is considered unknown. An adaptive projective lag control method and also parameter estimation law are designed to achieve chaos synchronization problem between two chaotic systems. Then Lyapunov stability theorem is utilized to prove the validity of the proposed control method. After that, some numerical simulations are performed to assess the performance of the proposed method. The results show high accuracy of the proposed method in control and synchronization of chaotic systems.
HYBRID CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC LIU AND HYPERCHAOTIC CHEN SYSTEM...ijcseit
This paper investigates the hybrid chaos synchronization of identical 4-D hyperchaotic Liu systems
(2006), 4-D identical hyperchaotic Chen systems (2005) and hybrid synchronization of 4-D hyperchaotic
Liu and hyperchaotic Chen systems. The hyperchaotic Liu system (Wang and Liu, 2005) and hyperchaotic
Chen system (Li, Tang and Chen, 2006) are important models of new hyperchaotic systems. Hybrid
synchronization of the 4-dimensional hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper is achieved through
complete synchronization of two pairs of states and anti-synchronization of the other two pairs of states
of the underlying systems. Active nonlinear control is the method used for the hybrid synchronization of
identical and different hyperchaotic Liu and hyperchaotic Chen and the stability results have been
established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these
calculations, the proposed nonlinear control method is effective and convenient to achieve hybrid
synchronization of the hyperchaotic Liu and hyperchaotic Chen systems. Numerical simulations are
shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed chaos synchronization schemes.
SLIDING CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF IDENTICAL H...ijait
This paper establishes new results for the sliding controller design for the global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Yujun systems (2010). Hyperchaotic systems are chaotic nonlinear systems having more than one positive Lyapunov exponent. Because of the complex dynamics properties of hyperchaotic system such as high capacity, high security and high efficiency, they are very useful in secure
communication devices and data encryption. Using sliding mode control theory and Lyapunov stability theory, a general result has been obtained for the global chaos synchronization of identical chaotic nonlinear systems. As an application of this general result, this paper designs a sliding controller for the
global chaos synchronization of hyperchaotic Yujun systems. Numerical results and simulations are shown to validate the proposed sliding controller design and demonstrate its effectiveness in achieving global chaos synchronization of hyperchaotic Yujun systems.
Exponential State Observer Design for a Class of Uncertain Chaotic and Non-Ch...ijtsrd
In this paper, a class of uncertain chaotic and non-chaotic systems is firstly introduced and the state observation problem of such systems is explored. Based on the time-domain approach with integral and differential equalities, an exponential state observer for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is established to guarantee the global exponential stability of the resulting error system. Besides, the guaranteed exponential convergence rate can be calculated correctly. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to exhibit the feasibility and effectiveness of the obtained results. Yeong-Jeu Sun "Exponential State Observer Design for a Class of Uncertain Chaotic and Non-Chaotic Systems" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20219.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/20219/exponential-state-observer-design-for-a-class-of-uncertain-chaotic-and-non-chaotic-systems/yeong-jeu-sun
ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE GENERALIZED PROJECTIVE SYNCHRONIZATION OF TH...ijait
This paper discusses the design of active controllers for generalized projective synchronization (GPS) of identical Wang 3-scroll chaotic systems (Wang, 2009), identical Dadras 3-scroll chaotic systems (Dadras and Momeni, 2009) and non-identical Wang 3-scroll system and Dadras 3-scroll system. The synchronization results (GPS) derived in this paper for the 3 scroll chaotic systems have been derived using active control method and established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the active control method is very effective and convenient for
achieving the generalized projective synchronization (GPS) of the 3-scroll chaotic systems addressed in this paper. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the GPS synchronization results derived in this paper.
ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC PANG AND HYPERCHAOTIC WANG-CHEN SYSTEMS ...ijctcm
Hyperchaotic systems are chaotic systems having more than one positive Lyapunov exponent and they have
important applications in secure data transmission and communication. This paper applies active control
method for the synchronization of identical and different hyperchaotic Pang systems (2011) and
hyperchaotic Wang-Chen systems (2008). Main results are proved with the stability theorems of Lypuanov
stability theory and numerical simulations are plotted using MATLAB to show the synchronization of
hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper.
Multi objective predictive control a solution using metaheuristicsijcsit
The application of multi objective model predictive control approaches is significantly limited with
computation time associated with optimization algorithms. Metaheuristics are general purpose heuristics
that have been successfully used in solving difficult optimization problems in a reasonable computation
time. In this work , we use and compare two multi objective metaheuristics, Multi-Objective Particle
swarm Optimization, MOPSO, and Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm, MOGSA, to generate
a set of approximately Pareto-optimal solutions in a single run. Two examples are studied, a nonlinear
system consisting of two mobile robots tracking trajectories and avoiding obstacles and a linear multi
variable system. The computation times and the quality of the solution in terms of the smoothness of the
control signals and precision of tracking show that MOPSO can be an alternative for real time
applications.
ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC WANG AND HYPERCHAOTIC LI SYSTEMS WITH UN...ijcseit
In chaos theory, the problem anti-synchronization of chaotic systems deals with a pair of chaotic systems
called drive and response systems. In this problem, the design goal is to drive the sum of their respective
states to zero asymptotically. This problem gets even more complicated and requires special attention when
the parameters of the drive and response systems are unknown. This paper uses adaptive control theory
and Lyapunov stability theory to derive new results for the anti-synchronization of hyperchaotic Wang
system (2008) and hyperchaotic Li system (2005) with uncertain parameters. Hyperchaotic systems are
nonlinear dynamical systems exhibiting chaotic behaviour with two or more positive Lyapunov exponents.
The hyperchaotic systems have applications in areas like oscillators, lasers, neural networks, encryption,
secure transmission and secure communication. The main results derived in this paper are validated and
demonstrated with MATLAB simulations.
ADAPTIVE STABILIZATION AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF LÜ-LIKE ATTRACTORijcseit
This paper derives new results for the adaptive chaos stabilization and synchronization of Lü-like attractor
with unknown parameters. The Lü-like attractor is one of the recently discovered 3-scroll chaotic systems,
which was proposed by D. Li (2007). First, adaptive control laws are determined to stabilize the Lü-like
attractor to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. These adaptive laws are established using Lyapunov
stability theory. Then adaptive synchronization laws are determined so as to achieve global chaos
synchronization of identical Lü-like attractors with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are
presented to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control and
synchronization schemes for the Lü-like attractor.
ADAPTIVE STABILIZATION AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC QI SYSTEM cseij
The hyperchaotic Qi system (Chen, Yang, Qi and Yuan, 2007) is one of the important models of fourdimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive stabilization and synchronization of hyperchaotic Qi system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to stabilize the hyperchaotic Qi system to its equilibrium point at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization schemes.
ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC BAO AND HYPERCHAOTIC XU SYSTEMS VIA ACTI...IJCSEIT Journal
This paper investigates the anti-synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Bao systems (Bao and Liu,
2008), identical hyperchaotic Xu systems (Xu, Cai and Zheng, 2009) and non-identical hyperchaotic Bao
and hyperchaotic Xu systems. Active nonlinear control has been deployed for the anti- synchronization of
the hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper and the main results have been established using
Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the active
nonlinear control method is very effective and convenient to achieve anti-synchronization of identical and
non-identical hyperchaotic Bao and hyperchaotic Xu systems. Numerical simulations have been provided to
validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the anti-synchronization results for the hyperchaotic Cao and
hyperchaotic Xu systems.
THE ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR ACHIEVING GENERALIZED PROJECTIVE SYNCHRONIZA...ijait
This paper discusses the design of active controllers for achieving generalized projective synchronization (GPS) of identical hyperchaotic Lü systems (Chen, Lu, Lü and Yu, 2006), identical hyperchaotic Cai systems (Wang and Cai, 2009) and non-identical hyperchaotic Lü and hyperchaotic Cai systems. The synchronization results (GPS) for the hyperchaotic systems have been derived using active control method and established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the active control method is very effective and convenient for achieving the GPS of the
hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the GPS synchronization results derived in this paper.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF LIU’S FOUR-WING CHAOTIC SYSTEM WITH C...IJCSEA Journal
This paper investigates the adaptive chaos control and synchronization of Liu’s four-wing chaotic system with cubic nonlinearity (Liu, 2009) and unknown parameters. First, we design adaptive control laws to stabilize the Liu’s four-wing chaotic system with cubic nonlinearity to its unstable equilibrium at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Next, we derive adaptive control laws to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical Liu’s four-wing chaotic systems with cubic nonlinearity and unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive chaos control and synchronization schemes.
HYBRID CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF UNCERTAIN LORENZ-STENFLO AND QI 4-D CHAOTIC S...IJITCA Journal
This paper investigates the hybrid chaos synchronization of uncertain 4-D chaotic systems, viz. identical Lorenz-Stenflo (LS) systems (Stenflo, 2001), identical Qi systems (Qi, Chen and Du, 2005) and nonidentical
LS and Qi systems. In hybrid chaos synchronization of master and slave systems, the odd states of the two systems are completely synchronized, while the even states of the two systems are antisynchronized so that complete synchronization (CS) and anti-synchronization (AS) co-exist in the
synchronization of the two systems. In this paper, we shall assume that the parameters of both master and slave systems are unknown and we devise adaptive control schemes for the hybrid chaos synchronization using the estimates of parameters for both master and slave systems. Our adaptive synchronization schemes derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to achieve hybrid synchronization of identical and non-identical LS and Qi systems. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptivesynchronization schemes for the identical and non-identical uncertain LS and Qi 4-D chaotic systems.
Adaptive Controller Design For The Synchronization Of Moore-Spiegel And Act S...ijcsa
In this paper, we design adaptive controllers for the global chaos synchronization of identical MooreSpiegel systems (1966), identical ACT systems (1981) and non-identical Moore-Spiegel and ACT chaotic systems with unknown parameters. Our adaptive synchronization results derived in this paper for
uncertain Moore-Spiegel and ACT systems are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to synchronize identical and non-identical uncertain Moore-Spiegel and ACT chaotic
systems. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization schemes for the global chaos synchronization of the uncertain chaotic systems derived in this paper.
Adaptive Control and Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Cai Systemijctcm
The hyperchaotic Cai system (Wang, Cai, Miao and Tian, 2010) is one of the important paradigms of fourdimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive control and synchronization of hyperchaotic Cai system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to stabilize the hyperchaotic Cai system to its unstable equilibrium point at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Cai systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control and synchronization schemes
ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC NEWTON-LEIPNIK SYSTEM ijait
The hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik system (Ghosh and Bhattacharya, 2010) is one of the recently discovered four-dimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive control and synchronization of hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive
control laws are designed to stabilize the hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin based on the adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik
systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization schemes.
THE DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER AND SYNCHRONIZER FOR QI-CHEN SYSTEM WITH UN...IJCSEA Journal
This paper investigates the design problem of adaptive controller and synchronizer for the Qi-Chen system (2005), when the system parameters are unknown. First, we build an adaptive controller to stabilize the QiChen chaotic system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. Then we build an adaptive synchronizer to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Qi-Chen chaotic systems with unknown parameters. The results derived for adaptive stabilization and adaptive synchronization for the Qi-Chen chaotic system are established using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulations have been shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive control and synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the Qi-Chen chaotic system.
HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF LIU AND LÜ CHAOTIC SYSTEMS VIA ADAPTIVE CONTROLijait
This paper derives new results for the hybrid synchronization of identical Liu systems, identical Lü systems, and non-identical Liu and Lü systems via adaptive control method. Liu system (Liu et al. 2004) and Lü system (Lü and Chen, 2002) are important models of three-dimensional chaotic systems. Hybrid synchronization of the three-dimensional chaotic systems addressed in this paper is achieved through the synchronization of the first and last pairs of states and anti-synchronization of the middle pairs of the two systems. Adaptive control method is deployed in this paper for the general case when the system
parameters are unknown. Sufficient conditions for hybrid synchronization of identical Liu systems, identical Lü systems and non-identical Liu and Lü systems are derived via adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not needed for these calculations, the
adaptive control method is very effective and convenient for the hybrid synchronization of the chaotic systems addressed in this paper. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization schemes.
Adaptive Projective Lag Synchronization of T and Lu Chaotic Systems IJECEIAES
In this paper, the synchronization problem of T chaotic system and Lu chaotic system is studied. The parameter of the drive T chaotic system is considered unknown. An adaptive projective lag control method and also parameter estimation law are designed to achieve chaos synchronization problem between two chaotic systems. Then Lyapunov stability theorem is utilized to prove the validity of the proposed control method. After that, some numerical simulations are performed to assess the performance of the proposed method. The results show high accuracy of the proposed method in control and synchronization of chaotic systems.
HYBRID CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC LIU AND HYPERCHAOTIC CHEN SYSTEM...ijcseit
This paper investigates the hybrid chaos synchronization of identical 4-D hyperchaotic Liu systems
(2006), 4-D identical hyperchaotic Chen systems (2005) and hybrid synchronization of 4-D hyperchaotic
Liu and hyperchaotic Chen systems. The hyperchaotic Liu system (Wang and Liu, 2005) and hyperchaotic
Chen system (Li, Tang and Chen, 2006) are important models of new hyperchaotic systems. Hybrid
synchronization of the 4-dimensional hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper is achieved through
complete synchronization of two pairs of states and anti-synchronization of the other two pairs of states
of the underlying systems. Active nonlinear control is the method used for the hybrid synchronization of
identical and different hyperchaotic Liu and hyperchaotic Chen and the stability results have been
established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these
calculations, the proposed nonlinear control method is effective and convenient to achieve hybrid
synchronization of the hyperchaotic Liu and hyperchaotic Chen systems. Numerical simulations are
shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed chaos synchronization schemes.
SLIDING CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF IDENTICAL H...ijait
This paper establishes new results for the sliding controller design for the global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Yujun systems (2010). Hyperchaotic systems are chaotic nonlinear systems having more than one positive Lyapunov exponent. Because of the complex dynamics properties of hyperchaotic system such as high capacity, high security and high efficiency, they are very useful in secure
communication devices and data encryption. Using sliding mode control theory and Lyapunov stability theory, a general result has been obtained for the global chaos synchronization of identical chaotic nonlinear systems. As an application of this general result, this paper designs a sliding controller for the
global chaos synchronization of hyperchaotic Yujun systems. Numerical results and simulations are shown to validate the proposed sliding controller design and demonstrate its effectiveness in achieving global chaos synchronization of hyperchaotic Yujun systems.
Exponential State Observer Design for a Class of Uncertain Chaotic and Non-Ch...ijtsrd
In this paper, a class of uncertain chaotic and non-chaotic systems is firstly introduced and the state observation problem of such systems is explored. Based on the time-domain approach with integral and differential equalities, an exponential state observer for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is established to guarantee the global exponential stability of the resulting error system. Besides, the guaranteed exponential convergence rate can be calculated correctly. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to exhibit the feasibility and effectiveness of the obtained results. Yeong-Jeu Sun "Exponential State Observer Design for a Class of Uncertain Chaotic and Non-Chaotic Systems" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20219.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/20219/exponential-state-observer-design-for-a-class-of-uncertain-chaotic-and-non-chaotic-systems/yeong-jeu-sun
ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE GENERALIZED PROJECTIVE SYNCHRONIZATION OF TH...ijait
This paper discusses the design of active controllers for generalized projective synchronization (GPS) of identical Wang 3-scroll chaotic systems (Wang, 2009), identical Dadras 3-scroll chaotic systems (Dadras and Momeni, 2009) and non-identical Wang 3-scroll system and Dadras 3-scroll system. The synchronization results (GPS) derived in this paper for the 3 scroll chaotic systems have been derived using active control method and established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the active control method is very effective and convenient for
achieving the generalized projective synchronization (GPS) of the 3-scroll chaotic systems addressed in this paper. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the GPS synchronization results derived in this paper.
ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC PANG AND HYPERCHAOTIC WANG-CHEN SYSTEMS ...ijctcm
Hyperchaotic systems are chaotic systems having more than one positive Lyapunov exponent and they have
important applications in secure data transmission and communication. This paper applies active control
method for the synchronization of identical and different hyperchaotic Pang systems (2011) and
hyperchaotic Wang-Chen systems (2008). Main results are proved with the stability theorems of Lypuanov
stability theory and numerical simulations are plotted using MATLAB to show the synchronization of
hyperchaotic systems addressed in this paper.
Multi objective predictive control a solution using metaheuristicsijcsit
The application of multi objective model predictive control approaches is significantly limited with
computation time associated with optimization algorithms. Metaheuristics are general purpose heuristics
that have been successfully used in solving difficult optimization problems in a reasonable computation
time. In this work , we use and compare two multi objective metaheuristics, Multi-Objective Particle
swarm Optimization, MOPSO, and Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm, MOGSA, to generate
a set of approximately Pareto-optimal solutions in a single run. Two examples are studied, a nonlinear
system consisting of two mobile robots tracking trajectories and avoiding obstacles and a linear multi
variable system. The computation times and the quality of the solution in terms of the smoothness of the
control signals and precision of tracking show that MOPSO can be an alternative for real time
applications.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENTSijcsit
The World Wide Web and the rise of servers and PC's data centers have become a major position in the
overall power consumption of the world. In order to prevent global warming and ensuing disasters, already
Internet-service providers, hosting providers on green power have changed. Even household energy
suppliers offer green electricity from renewable energy such as wind, solar, biomass and hydro, which
emits no carbon dioxide, to stand against global warming. Only a global change for the information
technology can prevent the global-warming. The switch to renewable energy is the beginning of our future
and must be pursued as well as the research and development in information and communication
technology.
Change management and version control of Scientific Applicationsijcsit
The development process of scientific applications is largely dependent on scientific progress and the
experimental research results. Thus, dealing with frequent changes is one of the main problems faced by
the developers of scientific software. Taking into account the results of the survey conducted among
scientists in the HP-SEE project, the implementation of change management and version control software
processes is inevitable. In this paper, we propose software engineering principles that should be included
in the development process to improve the version control and change management. Moreover, we give
some specific recommendations for their implementation, thereby making a slight modification of already
generally accepted templates and methods. The development steps practiced by scientists should not be
replaced completely, but they need to be supplemented with appropriate practices, documents and formal
methods. We also emphasize the reasons for the inclusion of these two processes and the consequences that
may arise as a result of their non-application.
R ESEARCH ON D ECISION M AKING R EGARDING H IGH - BUSINESS - STRATEGY C ...ijcsit
n contemporary popular leisure trends, modern rest
aurants have been innovative regarding all aspects
of
the restaurant business, such as food, leisure, and
consumption, thus evolving into cafés with unique
characteristics and styles, which differ greatly fr
om traditional restaurants. In order to meet consum
ers’
preferences of delicious food and beautiful decor,
many new cafés have opened, and new café dishes are
introduced. The first impression of the menu conten
t alone can determine the success or failure of a c
afé.
Although not all newly opened cafés are successful,
opening a café is still an entrepreneur dream for
many
people. In Japan, it is commonly believed that café
is equal to gourmet food, which is also often the
key to
sustainable management of a café. However, how is t
he menu content decided? As the menu content cannot
satisfy all guests, cafés have their own operating
strategies to determine the structure of a menu. Th
is study
aims to explore the decision making of café operato
rs to create a high-business-strategy menu, and use
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to discuss the sel
ection of café menus to help the cafés achieving
sustainable development. The research methods inclu
ded literature review, expert interview, and AHP. T
he
findings can serve as references to café operators
The use of mobile applications is now so common that users now expect companies whose services which
they consume already have an application to provide these services or a mobile version of your site, but this is not always simple to do or cheap. Thus, the hybrid development has emerged as a potential alternative to this need. The evolution of this new paradigm has taken the attention of researchers and companies as viable alternative to the mobile development. This paper shows how hybrid development can be an alternative for companies provide their services with a low investment and still offer a great service to their clients.
TWO-LAYER SECURE PREVENTION MECHANISM FOR REDUCING E-COMMERCE SECURITY RISKSijcsit
E-commerce is an important information system in the network and digital age. However, the network intrusion, malicious users, virus attack and system security vulnerabilities have continued to threaten the operation of the e-commerce, making e-commerce security encounter serious test. How to improve ecommerce security has become a topic worthy of further exploration. Combining routine security test and
security event detection procedures, this paper proposes the Two-Layer Secure Prevention Mechanism (TLSPM). Applying TLSPM, routine security test procedure can identify security vulnerability and defect,and develop repair operations. Security event detection procedure can timely detect security event, and assist follow repair. TLSPM can enhance the e-commerce security and effectively reduce the security risk
of e-commerce critical data and asset.
Variability modeling for customizable saas applicationsijcsit
Most of current Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) applications are developed as customizable service-oriented
applications that serve a large number of tenants (users) by one application instance. The current rapid
evolution of SaaS applications increases the demand to study the commonality and variability in software
product lines that produce customizable SaaS applications. During runtime, Customizability is required to
achieve different tenants’ requirements. During the development process, defining and realizing
commonalty and variability in SaaS applications’ families is required to develop reusable, flexible, and
customizable SaaS applications at lower costs, in shorter time, and with higher quality. In this paper,
Orthogonal Variability Model (OVM) is used to model variability in a separated model, which is used to
generate simple and understandable customization model. Additionally, Service oriented architecture
Modeling Language (SoaML) is extended to define and realize commonalty and variability during the
development of SaaS applications.
The comparison of the text classification methods to be used for the analysis...ijcsit
Text classification is used for the purpose of preventing the leakage of the data which is highly important
within the institution through unallowed ways. The results obtained from the text classification process
should be integrated into the DLP architecture immediately. The data flowing through the net requires
instant control and the flow of the sensitive data should be prevented. The use of the machinery learning
methods is required to perform the text classification which will be integrated into the DLP architecture.
The experimental results of the comparison of text classification methods to be used in the interface written
on the ICAP protocol have been prepared in the networked architecture developed for the DLP system.
Also, the choice of the text classification method to be used in the instant control of the sensitive data has
been carried out. The DLP text classification architecture developed helps decide the classification method
through the examination of the data in motion. The method to be chosen for the text classification is applied
to the ICAP protocol, and the analysis of the sensitive data and confidentiality are provided.
GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC QI AND HYPERCHAOTIC JHA SYSTEMS ...ijistjournal
This paper derives new results for the global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems (2008), identical hyperchaotic Jha systems (2007) and non-identical hyperchaotic Qi and Jha systems. Active nonlinear control is the method adopted to achieve the complete synchronization of the identical and different hyperchaotic Qi and Jha systems. Our stability results derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulations are shown to validate and illustrate the effectiveness of the synchronization results derived in this paper.
International Journal of Instrumentation and Control Systems (IJICS)ijcisjournal
International Journal of Instrumentation and Control Systems (IJICS) is a Quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Instrumentation Engineering and Control Systems. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Instrumentation Engineering and Control Systems. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced instrumentation engineering, control systems and automation concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial
experiences that describe significant advances in the Instrumentation Engineering
International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Techno...ijcseit
In chaos theory, the problem anti-synchronization of chaotic systems deals with a pair of chaotic systems
called drive and response systems. In this problem, the design goal is to drive the sum of their respective
states to zero asymptotically. This problem gets even more complicated and requires special attention when
the parameters of the drive and response systems are unknown. This paper uses adaptive control theory
and Lyapunov stability theory to derive new results for the anti-synchronization of hyperchaotic Wang
system (2008) and hyperchaotic Li system (2005) with uncertain parameters. Hyperchaotic systems are
nonlinear dynamical systems exhibiting chaotic behaviour with two or more positive Lyapunov exponents.
The hyperchaotic systems have applications in areas like oscillators, lasers, neural networks, encryption,
secure transmission and secure communication. The main results derived in this paper are validated and
demonstrated with MATLAB simulations.
Adaptive Controller and Synchronizer Design for Hyperchaotic Zhou System with...Zac Darcy
In this paper, we establish new results for the adaptive controller and synchronizer design for the
hyperchaotic Zhou system (2009), when the parameters of the system are unknown. Using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory, we first design an adaptive controller to stabilize the hyperchaotic Zhou system to its unstable equilibrium at the origin. Next, using adaptive control theory and Lyapunov stability theory, we design an adaptive controller to achieve global chaos synchronization
of the identical hyperchaotic Zhou systems with unknown parameters. Simulations have been provided for adaptive controller and synchronizer designs to validate and illustrate the effectiveness of the schemes.
GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF UNCERTAIN LORENZ-STENFLO AND QI 4-D CHAOTIC S...ijistjournal
In this paper, we apply adaptive control method to derive new results for the global chaos synchronization of 4-D chaotic systems, viz. identical Lorenz-Stenflo(LS) systems (Stenflo, 2001), identical Qi systems (Qi, Chen and Du, 2005) and non-identical LS and Qi systems. In this paper, we shall assume that the parameters of both master and slave systems are unknown and we devise adaptive control schemes for synchronization using the estimates of parameters for both master and slave systems. Our adaptive synchronization schemes derived in this paper are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control method is very effective and convenient to synchronize identical and non-identical LS and Qi systems. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization schemes for the identical and non-identical, uncertain LS and Qi 4-D chaotic systems.
Global Chaos Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Pang and Hyperchaotic Wang Syste...CSEIJJournal
This paper investigates the global chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Wang systems, identical
hyperchaotic Pang systems, and non-identical hyperchaotic Wang and hyperchaotic Pang systems via
adaptive control method. Hyperchaotic Pang system (Pang and Liu, 2011) and hyperchaotic Wang system
(Wang and Liu, 2006) are recently discovered hyperchaotic systems. Adaptive control method is deployed
in this paper for the general case when the system parameters are unknown. Sufficient conditions for global
chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Pang systems, identical hyperchaotic Wang systems and
non-identical hyperchaotic Pang and Wang systems are derived via adaptive control theory and Lyapunov
stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the adaptive control
method is very convenient for the global chaos synchronization of the hyperchaotic systems discussed in
this paper. Numerical simulations are presented to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the
proposed synchronization schemes.
HYBRID SLIDING SYNCHRONIZER DESIGN OF IDENTICAL HYPERCHAOTIC XU SYSTEMS ijitjournal
In this paper, new results have been obtained via sliding mode control for the hybrid chaos synchronization
of identical hyperchaotic Xu systems (Xu, Cai and Zheng, 2009). In hybrid synchronization of master and
slave systems, the odd states are completely synchronized, while the even states are anti-synchronized. The
stability results derived in this paper for the hybrid synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Xu systems
are established using Lyapunov stability theory. MATLAB simulations have been shown for the numerical
results to illustrate the hybrid synchronization schemes derived for the identical hyperchaotic Xu systems.
Adaptive Stabilization and Synchronization of Hyperchaotic QI SystemCSEIJJournal
The hyperchaotic Qi system (Chen, Yang, Qi and Yuan, 2007) is one of the important models of four-
dimensional hyperchaotic systems. This paper investigates the adaptive stabilization and synchronization
of hyperchaotic Qi system with unknown parameters. First, adaptive control laws are designed to
stabilize the hyperchaotic Qi system to its equilibrium point at the origin based on the adaptive control
theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Then adaptive control laws are derived to achieve global chaos
synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Qi systems with unknown parameters. Numerical simulations
are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization
schemes.
Projective and hybrid projective synchronization of 4-D hyperchaotic system v...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Nonlinear control strategy was established to realize the Projective Synchronization (PS) and Hybrid Projective Synchronization (HPS) for 4-D hyperchaotic system at different scaling matrices. This strategy, which is able to achieve projective and hybrid projective synchronization by more precise and adaptable method to provide a novel control scheme. On First stage, three scaling matrices were given in order to achieving various projective synchronization phenomena. While the HPS was implemented at specific scaling matrix in the second stage. Ultimately, the precision of controllers were compared and analyzed theoretically and numerically. The long-range precision of the proposed controllers are confirmed by third stage.
SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF SHIMIZU-MORIOKA CHAOTIC...ijistjournal
This paper investigates the global chaos synchronization of identical Shimizhu-Morioka chaotic systems (Shimizu and Morioka, 1980) by sliding mode control. The stability results derived in this paper for the complete synchronization of identical Shimizu-Morioka chaotic systems are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the sliding mode control method is very effective and convenient to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Shimizu-Morioka chaotic systems. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate and validate the synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the identical Shimizu-Morioka systems.
SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF SHIMIZU-MORIOKA CHAOTIC...ijistjournal
This paper investigates the global chaos synchronization of identical Shimizhu-Morioka chaotic systems (Shimizu and Morioka, 1980) by sliding mode control. The stability results derived in this paper for the complete synchronization of identical Shimizu-Morioka chaotic systems are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the sliding mode control method is very effective and convenient to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Shimizu-Morioka chaotic systems. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate and validate the synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the identical Shimizu-Morioka systems.
The International Journal of Information Technology, Control and Automation (...IJITCA Journal
The International Journal of Information Technology, Control and Automation (IJITCA) is a Quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Information Technology (IT), Control Systems and Automation Engineering. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of IT, Control Systems and Automation with applications in real-world engineering and scientific problems. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on information technology, control engineering, automation, modeling concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Authors are invited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Information Technology, Control Systems and Automation.
The International Journal of Information Technology, Control and Automation (...IJITCA Journal
The International Journal of Information Technology, Control and Automation (IJITCA) is a Quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Information Technology (IT), Control Systems and Automation Engineering. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of IT, Control Systems and Automation with applications in real-world engineering and scientific problems. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on information technology, control engineering, automation, modeling concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Authors are invited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Information Technology, Control Systems and Automation.
Sliding Mode Controller Design for Hybrid Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Che...ijcsa
This paper derives new results for the design of sliding mode controller for the hybrid synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Chen systems (Jia, Dai and Hui, 2010). The synchronizer results derived in this paper for the hybrid synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Chen systems are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the sliding mode control method is very effective and convenient to achieve hybrid synchronization of the
identical hyperchaotic Chen systems. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate and validate the hybrid synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the identical hyperchaotic Chen systems.
SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF COULLET SY...ijistjournal
This paper derives new results for the design of sliding mode controller for the global chaos synchronization of identical Coullet systems (1981). The synchronizer results derived in this paper for the complete chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic systems are established using sliding control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the sliding mode control method is very effective and convenient to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Coullet systems. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate and validate the synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the identical Coullet systems.
SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR GLOBAL CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION OF COULLET SY...ijistjournal
This paper derives new results for the design of sliding mode controller for the global chaos synchronization of identical Coullet systems (1981). The synchronizer results derived in this paper for the complete chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic systems are established using sliding control theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the sliding mode control method is very effective and convenient to achieve global chaos synchronization of the identical Coullet systems. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate and validate the synchronization schemes derived in this paper for the identical Coullet systems.
Hybrid Chaos Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik Systems by Slidin...ijctcm
This paper investigates the hybrid chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik systems (Ghosh and Bhattacharya, 2010) by sliding mode control. The stability results derived in this paper for the hybrid chaos synchronization of identical hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik systems are established using Lyapunov stability theory. Hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik systems is achieved through the complete synchronization of first and third states of the systems and the anti-synchronization of second and fourth states of the master and slave systems. Since the Lyapunov exponents are not required for these calculations, the sliding mode control is very effective and convenient to achieve hybrid chaos synchronization of the identical hyperchaotic Newton-Leipnik systems. Numerical simulations are shown to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the synchronization schemes derived in this paper.
Similar to ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC ZHENG AND HYPERCHAOTIC YU SYSTEMS (17)
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
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Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
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Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
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- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
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4. Demo
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UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC ZHENG AND HYPERCHAOTIC YU SYSTEMS
1. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
DOI : 10.5121/ijscai.2013.2202 21
ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID
SYNCHRONIZATION OF HYPERCHAOTIC ZHENG
AND HYPERCHAOTIC YU SYSTEMS
Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan1
1
Research and Development Centre, Vel Tech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Technical University
Avadi, Chennai-600 062, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
sundarvtu@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper deals with a new research problem in the chaos literature, viz. hybrid synchronization of a
pair of chaotic systems called the master and slave systems. In the hybrid synchronization design of
master and slave systems, one part of the systems, viz. their odd states, are completely synchronized (CS),
while the other part, viz. their even states, are completely anti-synchronized (AS) so that CS and AS co-
exist in the process of synchronization. This research work deals with the hybrid synchronization of
hyperchaotic Zheng systems (2010) and hyperchaotic Yu systems (2012). The main results of this hybrid
synchronization research work have been proved using Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical examples of
the hybrid synchronization results are shown along with MATLAB simulations for the hyperchaotic
Zheng and hyperchaotic Yu systems.
KEYWORDS
Hybrid Synchronization, Active Control, Chaos, Hyperchaos, Hyperchaotic Systems.
1. INTRODUCTION
Hyperchaotic systems are typically defined as chaotic systems possessing two or more positive
Lyapunov exponents. These systems have several miscellaneous applications in Engineering
and Science. The first known hyperchaotic system was discovered by O.E. Rössler ([1], 1979).
Hyperchaotic systems have many useful features like high security, high capacity and high
efficiency. Hence, the hyperchaotic systems have important applications in areas like neural
networks [2], oscillators [3], communication [4-5], encryption [6], synchronization [7], etc.
For the synchronization of chaotic systems, there are many methods available in the chaos
literature like OGY method [8], PC method [9], backstepping method [10-12], sliding control
method [13-15], active control method [16-18], adaptive control method [19-20], sampled-data
feedback control method [21], time-delay feedback method [22], etc.
In the hybrid synchronization of a pair of chaotic systems called the master and slave systems,
one part of the systems, viz. the odd states, are completely synchronized (CS), while the other
part of the systems, viz. the even states, are anti-synchronized so that CS and AS co-exist in the
process of synchronization of the two systems.
This paper focuses upon active controller design for the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic
Zheng systems ([23], 2010) and hyperchaotic Yu systems ([24], 2012). The main results derived
in this paper have been proved using stability theorems of Lyapunov stability theory [25].
2. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
22
2. HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION PROBLEM
The master system is described by the chaotic dynamics
( )x Ax f x= +& (1)
where A is the n n× matrix of the system parameters and : n n
f →R R is the nonlinear part.
The slave system is described by the chaotic dynamics
( )y By g y u= + +& (2)
where B is the n n× matrix of the system parameters, : n n
g →R R is the nonlinear part and
n
u ∈R is the active controller to be designed.
For the pair of chaotic systems (1) and (2), the hybrid synchronization error is defined as
, if is odd
, if is even
i i
i
i i
y x i
e
y x i
−
=
+
(3)
The error dynamics is obtained as
1
1
( ) ( ) ( ) if is odd
( ) ( ) ( ) if is even
n
ij j ij j i i i
j
i n
ij j ij j i i i
j
b y a x g y f x u i
e
b y a x g y f x u i
=
=
− + − +
=
+ + + +
∑
∑
& (4)
The design goal is to find a feedback controller u so that
lim ( ) 0
t
e t
→∞
= for all (0)e ∈Rn
(5)
Using the matrix method, we consider a candidate Lyapunov function
( ) ,T
V e e Pe= (6)
where P is a positive definite matrix. It is noted that : n
V →R R is a positive definite function.
If we find a feedback controller u so that
( ) ,T
V e e Qe= −& (7)
where Q is a positive definite matrix, then : n
V →& R R is a negative definite function.
Thus, by Lyapunov stability theory [25], the error dynamics (4) is globally exponentially stable.
Hence, the states of the chaotic systems (1) and (2) will be globally and exponentially
hybrid synchronized for all initial conditions (0), (0) .n
x y ∈R
3. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
23
3. HYPERCHAOTIC SYSTEMS
The hyperchaotic Zheng system ([23], 2010) has the 4-D dynamics
1 2 1 4
2 1 2 4 1 3
2
3 1 3
4 2
( )x a x x x
x bx cx x x x
x x rx
x dx
= − +
= + + +
= − −
= −
&
&
&
&
(8)
where , , , ,a b c r d are constant, positive parameters of the system.
The Zheng system (8) exhibits a hyperchaotic attractor for the parametric values
20, 14, 10.6, 4, 2.8a b c d r= = = = = (9)
The Lyapunov exponents of the system (8) for the parametric values in (9) are
1 2 3 41.8892, 0.2268, 0, 14.3130L L L L= = = = − (10)
Since there are two positive Lyapunov exponents in (10), the Zheng system (8) is hyperchaotic
for the parametric values (9).
The strange attractor of the hyperchaotic Zheng system is depicted in Figure 1.
The hyperchaotic Yu system ([24], 2012) has the 4-D dynamics
1 2
1 2 1
2 1 1 3 2 4
3 3
4 1
( )
x x
x x x
x x x x x x
x x e
x x
α
β γ
δ
ε
= −
= − + +
= − +
= −
&
&
&
&
(11)
where , , , ,α β γ δ ε are constant, positive parameters of the system.
The Yu system (11) exhibits a hyperchaotic attractor for the parametric values
10, 40, 1, 3, 8α β γ δ ε= = = = = (12)
The Lyapunov exponents of the system (11) for the parametric values in (12) are
1 2 3 41.6877, 0.1214, 0, 13.7271L L L L= = = = − (13)
Since there are two positive Lyapunov exponents in (13), the Yu system (11) is hyperchaotic for
the parametric values (12).
The strange attractor of the hyperchaotic Yu system is displayed in Figure 2.
4. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
24
Figure 1. The Strange Attractor of the Hyperchaotic Zheng System
Figure 2. The Strange Attractor of the Hyperchaotic Yu System
5. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
25
4. ACTIVE CONTROL DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF
HYPERCHAOTIC ZHENG SYSTEMS
In this section, we design an active controller for the hybrid synchronization of two identical
hyperchaotic Zheng systems (2010) and prove our main result using Lyapunov stability theory.
The hyperchaotic Zheng system is taken as the master system, whose dynamics is given by
1 2 1 4
2 1 2 4 1 3
2
3 1 3
4 2
( )x a x x x
x bx cx x x x
x x rx
x dx
= − +
= + + +
= − −
= −
&
&
&
&
(14)
where , , , ,a b c d r are positive parameters of the system and 4
x∈R is the state of the system.
The hyperchaotic Zheng system is also taken as the slave system, whose dynamics is given by
1 2 1 4 1
2 1 2 4 1 3 2
2
3 1 3 3
4 2 4
( )y a y y y u
y by cy y y y u
y y ry u
y dy u
= − + +
= + + + +
= − − +
= − +
&
&
&
&
(15)
where 4
y ∈ R is the state and 1 2 3 4, , ,u u u u are the active controllers to be designed.
For the hybrid synchronization, the error e is defined as
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
e y x
e y x
e y x
e y x
= −
= +
= −
= +
(16)
A simple calculation using the dynamics (14) and (15) yields the error dynamics as
1 2 1 4 2 4 1
2 1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 2
2 2
3 3 1 1 3
4 2 4
( ) 2 2
2
e a e e e ax x u
e be ce e bx y y x x u
e re y x u
e de u
= − + − − +
= + + + + + +
= − − + +
= − +
&
&
&
&
(17)
6. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
26
We choose the active controller for achieving hybrid synchronization as
1 2 1 4 2 4 1 1
2 1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 2 2
2 2
3 3 1 1 3 3
4 2 4 4
( ) 2 2
2
u a e e e ax x k e
u be ce e bx y y x x k e
u re y x k e
u de k e
= − − − + + −
= − − − − − − −
= + − −
= −
(18)
where , ( 1,2,3,4)ik i = are positive gains.
Substituting (18) into (17), the error dynamics simplifies into
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
e k e
e k e
e k e
e k e
= −
= −
= −
= −
&
&
&
&
(19)
Thus, we get the following result.
Theorem 4.1 The active control law defined by Eq. (18) achieves global and exponential hybrid
synchronization of the identical hyperchaotic Zheng systems (14) and (15) for all initial
conditions 4
(0), (0) .x y ∈ R
Proof. The result is proved using Lyapunov stability theory [25] for global exponential
stability.
We take the quadratic Lyapunov function
( )2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4( )
1 1
,
2 2
T
V e e e e e e e= = + + + (20)
which is a positive definite function on 4
.R
When we differentiate (18) along the trajectories of (17), we get
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4( )V e k e k e k e k e= − − − −& (21)
which is a negative definite function on 4
.R
Hence, the error dynamics (19) is globally exponentially stable for all 4
(0) .e ∈ R
This completes the proof.
Next, we illustrate our hybrid synchronization results with MATLAB simulations.
The classical fourth order Runge-Kutta method with time-step 8
10h −
= has been applied to
solve the hyperchaotic Zheng systems (14) and (15) with the active nonlinear controller (18).
7. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
27
The feedback gains in the active controller (18) are taken as 5, ( 1,2,3,4).ik i= =
The parameters of the hyperchaotic Zheng systems are taken as in the hyperchaotic case, i.e.
20, 14, 10.6, 4, 2.8a b c d r= = = = =
For simulations, the initial conditions of the hyperchaotic Zheng system (14) are chosen as
1 2 3 4(0) 14, (0) 7, (0) 5, (0) 23x x x x= − = = − =
Also, the initial conditions of the hyperchaotic Zheng system (15) are chosen as
1 2 3 4(0) 8, (0) 21, (0) 10, (0) 27y y y y= = − = = −
Figure 3 depicts the hybrid synchronization of the identical hyperchaotic Zheng systems.
Figure 4 depicts the time-history of the anti-synchronization errors 1 2 3 4, , , .e e e e
Figure 3. Hybrid Synchronization of Identical Hyperchaotic Zheng Systems
8. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
28
Figure 4. Time-History of the Hybrid Synchronization Errors 1 2 3 4, , ,e e e e
5. ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION
DESIGN OF HYPERCHAOTIC YU SYSTEMS
In this section, we design an active controller for the hybrid synchronization of two identical
hyperchaotic Yu systems (2012) and prove our main result using Lyapunov stability theory.
The hyperchaotic Yu system is taken as the master system, whose dynamics is given by
1 2
1 2 1
2 1 1 3 2 4
3 3
4 1
( )
x x
x x x
x x x x x x
x x e
x x
α
β γ
δ
ε
= −
= − + +
= − +
= −
&
&
&
&
(22)
where , , , ,α β γ δ ε are positive parameters of the system and 4
x∈ R is the state of the system.
9. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
29
The hyperchaotic Yu system is taken as the slave system, whose dynamics is given by
1 2
1 2 1 1
2 1 1 3 2 4 2
3 3 3
4 1 4
( )
y y
y y y u
y y y x y y u
y y e u
y y u
α
β γ
δ
ε
= − +
= − + + +
= − + +
= − +
&
&
&
&
(23)
where 4
y ∈ R is the state and 1 2 3 4, , ,u u u u are the active controllers to be designed.
For the hybrid synchronization, the error e is defined as
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
e y x
e y x
e y x
e y x
= −
= +
= −
= +
(24)
We obtain the error dynamics as
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2 1
2 1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 2
3 3 3
4 1 1 4
( ) 2
2
2
y y x x
e e e x u
e e e e x y y x x u
e e e e u
e e x u
α α
β γ β
δ
ε ε
= − − +
= + + + − − +
= − + − +
= − − +
&
&
&
&
(25)
We choose the active controller for achieving hybrid synchronization as
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2 1 1
2 1 2 4 1 1 3 1 3 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 1 1 4 4
( ) 2
2
2
y y x x
u e e x k e
u e e e x y y x x k e
u e e e k e
u e x k e
α α
β γ β
δ
ε ε
= − − + −
= − − − − + + −
= − + −
= + −
(26)
where , ( 1,2,3,4)ik i = are positive gains.
By the substitution of (26) into (25), the error dynamics is simplified as
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
e k e
e k e
e k e
e k e
= −
= −
= −
= −
&
&
&
&
(27)
Thus, we obtain the following result.
10. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
30
Theorem 5.1 The active control law defined by Eq. (26) achieves global and exponential hybrid
synchronization of the identical hyperchaotic Yu systems (22) and (23) for all initial conditions
4
(0), (0) .x y ∈ R
Proof. The result is proved using Lyapunov stability theory [25] for global exponential
stability. We take the quadratic Lyapunov function
( )2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4( )
1 1
,
2 2
T
V e e e e e e e= = + + + (28)
which is a positive definite function on 4
.R
When we differentiate (26) along the trajectories of (25), we get
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4( )V e k e k e k e k e= − − − −& (29)
which is a negative definite function on 4
.R
Hence, the error dynamics (27) is globally exponentially stable for all 4
(0) .e ∈ R
This completes the proof.
Next, we illustrate our hybrid synchronization results with MATLAB simulations.
The classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method with time-step 8
10h −
= has been applied to
solve the hyperchaotic Yu systems (22) and (23) with the active controller defined by (26).
The feedback gains in the active controller (26) are taken as
5, ( 1,2,3,4).ik i= =
The parameters of the hyperchaotic Yu systems are taken as in the hyperchaotic case, i.e.
10, 40, 1, 3, 8α β γ δ ε= = = = =
For simulations, the initial conditions of the hyperchaotic Yu system (22) are chosen as
1 2 3 4(0) 7, (0) 2, (0) 6, (0) 1x x x x= = − = =
Also, the initial conditions of the hyperchaotic Yu system (23) are chosen as
1 2 3 4(0) 5, (0) 4, (0) 1, (0) 8y y y y= = = =
Figure 5 depicts the hybrid synchronization of the identical hyperchaotic Yu systems.
Figure 6 depicts the time-history of the hybrid synchronization errors 1 2 3 4, , , .e e e e
11. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
31
Figure 5. Hybrid Synchronization of Identical Hyperchaotic Yu Systems
Figure 6. Time-History of the Hybrid Synchronization Errors 1 2 3 4, , ,e e e e
12. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
32
6. ACTIVE CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR THE HYBRID SYNCHRONIZATION OF
HYPERCHAOTIC ZHENG AND HYPERCHAOTIC YU SYSTEMS
In this section, we design an active controller for the hybrid synchronization of hyperchaotic
Zheng system (2010) and hyperchaotic Yu system (2012) and establish our main result using
Lyapunov stability theory.
The hyperchaotic Zheng system is taken as the master system, whose dynamics is given by
1 2 1 4
2 1 2 4 1 3
2
3 1 3
4 2
( )x a x x x
x bx cx x x x
x x rx
x dx
= − +
= + + +
= − −
= −
&
&
&
&
(30)
where , , , ,a b c d r are positive parameters of the system and 4
x∈ R is the state of the system.
The hyperchaotic Yu system is taken as the slave system, whose dynamics is given by
1 2
1 2 1 1
2 1 1 3 2 4 2
3 3 3
4 1 4
( )
y y
y y y u
y y y x y y u
y y e u
y y u
α
β γ
δ
ε
= − +
= − + + +
= − + +
= − +
&
&
&
&
(31)
where , , , ,α β γ δ ε are positive parameters of the system, 4
y ∈ R is the state and 1 2 3 4, , ,u u u u
are the active controllers to be designed.
For the hybrid synchronization, the error e is defined as
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
e y x
e y x
e y x
e y x
= −
= +
= −
= +
(32)
We obtain the error dynamics as
1 2
1 2 1 2 1 4 1
2 1 1 2 2 4 1 3 1 3 2
2
3 3 3 1 3
4 1 2 4
( ) ( )
y y
e y y a x x x u
e y bx y cx e y y x x u
e y rx e x u
e y dx u
α
β γ
δ
ε
= − − − − +
= + + + + − + +
= − + + + +
= − − +
&
&
&
&
(33)
13. International Journal on Soft Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJSCAI), Vol.2, No.2, April 2013
33
We choose the active controller for achieving hybrid synchronization as
1 2
1 2 1 2 1 4 1 1
2 1 1 2 2 4 1 3 1 3 2 2
2
3 3 3 1 3 3
4 1 2 4 4
( ) ( )
y y
u y y a x x x k e
u y bx y cx e y y x x k e
u y rx e x k e
u y dx k e
α
β γ
δ
ε
= − − + − + −
= − − − − − + − −
= − − − −
= + −
(34)
where , ( 1,2,3,4)ik i = are positive gains.
By the substitution of (34) into (33), the error dynamics is simplified as
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
e k e
e k e
e k e
e k e
= −
= −
= −
= −
&
&
&
&
(35)
Thus, we obtain the following result.
Theorem 6.1 The active control law defined by Eq. (33) achieves global and exponential hybrid
synchronization of the hyperchaotic Zheng system (30) and hyperchaotic Yu system (31) for all
initial conditions 4
(0), (0) .x y ∈ R
Proof. The proof is via Lyapunov stability theory [25] for global exponential stability.
We take the quadratic Lyapunov function
( )2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4( )
1 1
,
2 2
T
V e e e e e e e= = + + + (36)
which is a positive definite function on 4
.R
When we differentiate (34) along the trajectories of (33), we get
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4( )V e k e k e k e k e= − − − −& (37)
which is a negative definite function on 4
.R
Hence, the error dynamics (35) is globally exponentially stable for all 4
(0) .e ∈ R
This completes the proof.
Next, we illustrate our hybrid synchronization results with MATLAB simulations.
The classical fourth order Runge-Kutta method with time-step 8
10h −
= has been applied to
solve the hyperchaotic systems (30) and (31) with the active controller defined by (34).
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The feedback gains in the active controller (34) are taken as 5, ( 1,2,3,4).ik i= =
The parameters of the hyperchaotic Zheng and hyperchaotic Yu systems are taken as in the
hyperchaotic case, i.e.
20, 14, 10.6, 4, 2.8, 10, 40, 1, 3, 8a b c d r α β γ δ ε= = = = = = = = = =
For simulations, the initial conditions of the hyperchaotic Xu system (30) are chosen as
1 2 3 4(0) 7, (0) 4, (0) 10, (0) 8x x x x= = − = − =
Also, the initial conditions of the hyperchaotic Li system (31) are chosen as
1 2 3 4(0) 1, (0) 7, (0) 24, (0) 15y y y y= = = − =
Figure 7 depicts the hybrid synchronization of the non-identical hyperchaotic Zheng and
hyperchaotic Yu systems.
Figure 8 depicts the time-history of the hybrid synchronization errors 1 2 3 4, , , .e e e e
Figure 7. Hybrid Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Zheng and Yu Systems
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Figure 8. Time-History of the Hybrid Synchronization Errors 1 2 3 4, , ,e e e e
7. CONCLUSIONS
This paper derived new results for the active controller design for the hybrid synchronization of
hyperchaotic Zheng systems (2010) and hyperchaotic Yu systems (2012). Using Lyapunov
control theory, active control laws were derived for globally hybrid synchronizing the states of
identical hyperchaotic Zheng systems, identical hyperchaotic Yu systems and non-identical
hyperchaotic Zheng and Yu systems. MATLAB simulations were shown for the hybrid
synchronization results derived in this paper for hyperchaotic Zheng and Yu systems.
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Author
Dr. V. Sundarapandian earned his D.Sc. in Electrical and Systems
Engineering from Washington University, St. Louis, USA in May 1996.
He is Professor and Dean of the R & D Centre at Vel Tech Dr. RR & Dr.
SR Technical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. So far, he has
published over 300 research works in refereed international journals. He
has also published over 200 research papers in National and International
Conferences. He has delivered Key Note Addresses at many International
Conferences with IEEE and Springer Proceedings. He is an India Chair of
AIRCC. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the AIRCC Control Journals –
International Journal of Instrumentation and Control Systems,
International Journal of Control Theory and Computer Modelling,
International Journal of Information Technology, Control and
Automation, International Journal of Chaos, Computing, Modelling and
Simulation & International Journal of Information Technology, Modeling
and Computing. His research interests are Control Systems, Chaos
Theory, Soft Computing, Operations Research, Mathematical Modelling
and Scientific Computing. He has published four text-books and
conducted many workshops on Scientific Computing, MATLAB and
SCILAB.