3. INTRODUCTION
● Biomaterials is used to make devices to replace a part or a function of the
body in a safe, reliable, economic, and physiologically acceptable manner.
● Biomaterials – Polymer, Ceramics, Composite material, Metals.
● Natural, Organic synthetic, Hand organic synthetic Materials
● Bioactive glass – Modern biomaterial-driven regenerative medicine
-(Hench and Erthridge,1982)
4. HISTORY
● Bioactive glasses (BG), originally developed by Hench starting in 1969.
● Tissue regeneration and repair using the gene activation properties of
Bioglass provide a third generation of biomaterials.
5. PROPERTIES
● Biocompatibility- (Depends on the silicate amount/concentration present in the glass.)
● Formation of New Bone
● Antibacterial Effect- pH Osmotic Pressure Bactericidal
(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella
pneumonia)
7. Manufacturing
of Bioactive
Glass
The Melt Quench
Synthesis
(1969 by L. Hench)
The Sol–Gel
Method
(Li et.al.1991)
• Better control of composition
and homogeneity
• Greater surface area.
• High porosity
• Higher degree of interaction -
Bioactivity
10. PerioGlas – 90 to 170 µm.
Wilson et.al.,1992 use of PerioGlas in periodontal defects in patus monkey.
osteoproductive and hemostatic property- allow Periodontal muscle and Alveolar
bone restoration.
BioGran – 300 to 355 µm
Intrabony defects.
Borate-based Glasses (19 93B3 Bioactive glass)
Release ions like boron, calcium, phosphrous- Promote cell proliferation,
Hydroxyapatite formation.
S52P4 Glass
Forms hydroxyapatite layer on surface.
Promote Bone integration.
Regenerative procedures.
11. Bioactive
glass
brand
name
Properties Composition Study type
NovaMin Release antibacterial agents, have anti-gingivitis
effect,stimulate remineralization and reduce
hypersensitiza- tion
Amorphous calcium sodium phosphosilicate
(CSPS)/45% SiO2, 24.5% Na2O, 24.5% CaO and
6% P2O5/
CaNaO6PSi [32]
In vitro
/Clinical
trial
BiominF Remineralization of artificial carious lesions,
Dentintubule occlusion
5% Fluorocalcium phosphosilicate bioactive
glass
In vitro
/Clinical
trial
PerioGlass Grafting material in bone grafts to regenerate
peri-odontal osseous defects
Calcium phospho-silicate bioactive glass
In vitro
/Clinical
trial
QMAT3 Preventing the formation of white spot lesions
&stronger antimicrobial and remineralizing
effects
Fluoride-containing bioactive glass In vitro
45S5 Removing residual orthodontic adhesive, a pulp
cap-ping material, Bio-Gutta, synthetic bone graft
45% SiO2, 6% P2O5, 24.5% CaO, and 24.5%
Na2O
In vitro
/Clinical
trial
In 2021 – Bioglass+Fluoride toothpaste received FDA approval.
12. Application in Periodontics and Dental Implants
• Periodontitis is a common chronic multifactorial inflam-matory disease of the periodontium.
PerioGlass-Formulation to Bioglass 45S5 used to regenerate periodontal osseous defects.
• Yadav VS et.al.,2011 stated that PerioGlas reduced probing depth significantly and gained clinical attachment
level (CAL) in periodontal intrabony defects.
• Subbaiah R et.al.,2011 - PerioGlas as a bioactive alloplast was well-tolerated by the gingival tissues.
• Silica-based bioactive glasses have been used for covering implants.
• The use of nanotechnology in the synthesis of bioactive glass has enhanced its application as a coating material
on the surfaces of dentalimplants.
Jafari, N., Habashi, M.S., Hashemi, A. et al. Application of bioactive glasses in various dental fields. Biomater Res 26, 31 (2022).
13. (a) A bioactive glass foam scaffold
(b) Primary human osteoblasts, cultured on a bioactive glass
foam scaffold for 2 weeks, which have produced
mineralised bone nodules.
JULIAN R. JONES, in Biomaterials, Artificial Organs and Tissue Engineering, 2005
14. Application in Endodontics
• Bioactive glasses have also been used in root canal treatments.
• Gutta-percha in combination with Bioglass 45S5 (Bio-Gutta) can be used as an alternative to
conventional gutta-percha-Bio-Gutta can bond to dentin walls does not require any sealers and is
also a biocompatible material
• Bioactive glass can be used as a disinfectant.
• Bioactive glasses can relieve pain during dentin hypersensitivity by binding to collagen fibers and
depositing hydroxyapatite in order to block dentin tubules .
Jafari, N., Habashi, M.S., Hashemi, A. et al. Application of bioactive glasses in various dental fields. Biomater Res 26, 31 (2022).
15. • Dental Adhesives
• Air-abrasion materials.
Orthodontics
• Bone scaffolds
• Bone grafts
Oral and
maxillofacial
surgery
• Managing dentin hypersensitivity
• Bonding Agents
Esthetic and
Restorative
dentistry
16. The Role of ions in increasing the efficiency of Bioactive Glass
● BG have good Strength, Stiffness, Hardness and they are Brittle.
● Addition of ions (strontium,zinc,phosphrous,fluoride,cobalt,silver) Affect properties.
Cobalt - Improve Angiogenesis.
Silver – Increased antimicrobial property
Fluoride – Remineralization
Strontium - Osteoblast proliferation Osteoclast activity
17. Conclusion
● Since bioactive glasses have a wide range of applications in different fields of dentistry,
finding an available and inexpensive resource of bioactive glass is important.
● The main focus is on their use in dentistry, reconstructive surgery (bone regeneration),
and the treatment of infections.
● To conclude, 45S5, S53P4, and borate-based glasses - replacementmaterials in the
treatment of human defects since they are available in different forms and shapes and
able to satisfy the needs of users.
● These bioactive glasses represent an exciting and evolving field of study.
● Current and potential future applications depend on the specific compositions of the
given biomaterial, so that studies of the utmost importance have been performed to
understand the interactions between glasses and the host cells.
18. References
● Cannio, M.; Bellucci, D.; Roether, J.A.; Boccaccini, D.N.; Cannillo, V. Bioactive Glass Applications: A
Literature Review of Human Clinical Trials. Materials 2021, 14, 5440. https://doi.org/10.3390/
ma14185440
● Furlan, R.G.; Correr, W.R.; Russi, A.F.C.; Iemma, M.R.D.C.; Trovatti, E.; Pecoraro, É. Preparation and
characterization of boron-based bioglass by sol gel process. J. Sol. Gel Sci. Technol. 2018, 88, 181–191.
● Zafar MS, Farooq I, Awais M, Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Zohaib S. Bioactive surface coatings for enhancing
osseointegration of dental implants. In: Kaur G, editor. Biomedical, therapeutic and clinical applications
of bioactive glasses: Elsevier; 2019.
● Yadav VS, Narula SC, Sharma RK, Tewari S, Yadav R. Clinical evaluation of guided tissue regeneration
combined with autogenous bone or autog- enous bone mixed with bioactive glass in intrabony defects. J
Oral Sci. 2011;53(4):481–8.
19. References
1. Subbaiah R, Thomas B. Efficacy of a bioactive alloplast, in the treatment of human periodontal osseous
defects-a clinical study; 2011.
2. Kulal R, Jayanti I, Sambashivaiah S, Bilchodmath S. An in-vitro com- parison of nano hydroxyapatite,
novamin and proargin desensitizing toothpastes-A SEM study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(10):ZC51.
3. Wang Z, Sa Y, Sauro S, Chen H, Xing W, Ma X, et al. Effect of desensitis- ing toothpastes on dentinal
tubule occlusion: a dentine permeability measurement and SEM in vitro study. J Dent. 2010;38(5):400–10.
Editor's Notes
Collagen, Fibrin, Chitosan etc.
Polylactic acid, Polyglycolic acid
HA, ß TCP
In vivo, animal studies demonstrate that the titanium implants coated with bioactive glasses shows significantly more significantly more osseointegration than control dental implant
Bioactive glasses can relieve pain during dentin hypersensitivity by binding to collagen fib- ers and depositing hydroxyapatite in order to block den-tin tubules .
