This document discusses the research method used in a study analyzing construction project management. It involves the following steps:
1. Conducting a literature review and gathering secondary data on construction management and potential causes of project delays.
2. Determining the population and sample, which includes contractors and consultants working on construction projects in Sumedang Regency over 20 years old in supervisory roles.
3. Collecting primary data through interviews and observations at the construction site of a connecting bridge project in Subang, and secondary data from documents and previous research.
4. The data collected will be analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively to identify factors that caused delays and their impacts on the project's schedule and budget.
Time & Cost optimization for Accelerated Project DeliveryShashank Arun
Client, architect, and Construction manager must perform a delicate balancing act to shrink the construction process and save time and money. (By Barbara Knecht)
Value Engineering on Bias Munjul Port Project in Nusa Ceningan Bali IndonesiaAI Publications
In the implementation of a project, many problems can be found that can waste the costs. The construction of the Bias Munjul Port in Nusa Ceningan went through re-design due to a request from the Minister of Transportation and the Governor of Bali because the design did not meet the Bali Provincial Regulation Number 5 of 2005 about Architectural Requirements for Buildings. It cost IDR 110,837,794,000.00 or more than 11.32% of the contract price IDR 98,292,823,000.00. It means that the price of construction has increased which exceeds the maximum limit for adding to the contract price based on Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018 which is 10% of the initial contract price. Therefore, it is necessary to do cost-effectiveness; a method that can be used to make costs efficient without reducing the value of the function is the Value Engineering method, a quantitive method. The steps taken in this research are: Information Phase, Functional Analysis Phase, Creative Phase, Evaluation Phase, Presentation Stage. In the first phase, the cost of the works is included in the budget plan using Pareto diagram. The results showed that the savings cost on the ro-ro dock was 6% of the initial plan using a pile foundation with a depth of 47 m. The dredging works obtained a 17% savings from the original plan using a dredging width of 100 m and a depth of -3.7 m. On architectural work, 81% savings from the original plan were obtained using batu candi. The total saving for all of these works was IDR 5,944,671,890.80 or 5.89% from the initial plan.
Delay Analysis in EPC Projects using Ishikawa DiagramIJAEMSJORNAL
Delay is one of the major issues in EPC projects in Oman. Project managers are not considering the root causes of delay while taking preventive measures. This project aims to identify the most common types of delay in EPC projects, to find out the root causes of delay by using Ishikawa diagram and further to prepare acceleration plan for a running project by using schedule compression techniques. The objectives of this project are: (a ) to identify root causes of various delays commonly affecting the EPC projects in Oman by using Ishikawa diagram. (b) to identify critical delay cause factors for a running project by conducting questionnaire survey. (c) to prepare acceleration plan for the project by using schedule compression techniques. To achieve this study: all the information was collected, schedules were compared to calculate the delay in each activity, questionnaire survey was conducted to study the impact of various factors causing delay and the root causes by using Ishikawa diagram and finally prepared an acceleration plan by using schedule compression techniques . The results found are: time and cost constraints are the biggest obstacle causing delay in EPC projects. The study identified the importance of analyzing the root causes before taking any particular preventive measures.
Time & Cost optimization for Accelerated Project DeliveryShashank Arun
Client, architect, and Construction manager must perform a delicate balancing act to shrink the construction process and save time and money. (By Barbara Knecht)
Value Engineering on Bias Munjul Port Project in Nusa Ceningan Bali IndonesiaAI Publications
In the implementation of a project, many problems can be found that can waste the costs. The construction of the Bias Munjul Port in Nusa Ceningan went through re-design due to a request from the Minister of Transportation and the Governor of Bali because the design did not meet the Bali Provincial Regulation Number 5 of 2005 about Architectural Requirements for Buildings. It cost IDR 110,837,794,000.00 or more than 11.32% of the contract price IDR 98,292,823,000.00. It means that the price of construction has increased which exceeds the maximum limit for adding to the contract price based on Presidential Regulation Number 16 of 2018 which is 10% of the initial contract price. Therefore, it is necessary to do cost-effectiveness; a method that can be used to make costs efficient without reducing the value of the function is the Value Engineering method, a quantitive method. The steps taken in this research are: Information Phase, Functional Analysis Phase, Creative Phase, Evaluation Phase, Presentation Stage. In the first phase, the cost of the works is included in the budget plan using Pareto diagram. The results showed that the savings cost on the ro-ro dock was 6% of the initial plan using a pile foundation with a depth of 47 m. The dredging works obtained a 17% savings from the original plan using a dredging width of 100 m and a depth of -3.7 m. On architectural work, 81% savings from the original plan were obtained using batu candi. The total saving for all of these works was IDR 5,944,671,890.80 or 5.89% from the initial plan.
Delay Analysis in EPC Projects using Ishikawa DiagramIJAEMSJORNAL
Delay is one of the major issues in EPC projects in Oman. Project managers are not considering the root causes of delay while taking preventive measures. This project aims to identify the most common types of delay in EPC projects, to find out the root causes of delay by using Ishikawa diagram and further to prepare acceleration plan for a running project by using schedule compression techniques. The objectives of this project are: (a ) to identify root causes of various delays commonly affecting the EPC projects in Oman by using Ishikawa diagram. (b) to identify critical delay cause factors for a running project by conducting questionnaire survey. (c) to prepare acceleration plan for the project by using schedule compression techniques. To achieve this study: all the information was collected, schedules were compared to calculate the delay in each activity, questionnaire survey was conducted to study the impact of various factors causing delay and the root causes by using Ishikawa diagram and finally prepared an acceleration plan by using schedule compression techniques . The results found are: time and cost constraints are the biggest obstacle causing delay in EPC projects. The study identified the importance of analyzing the root causes before taking any particular preventive measures.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Construction Practices in Delayed Resident...ijtsrd
Construction schedule delays could also be explained by means of the late completion of construction add comparison of designed schedule of project. If the explanations of the development projects schedule delay are found then the project schedule delay in construction may be reduced. During this study, factors of schedule delay were selected after the past review of literature then arranged them in primary sets. On following the survey outcomes, the highest causative groups and factors that require more consideration of delays in kokan region were explained. Satej R. Desai | A. T. Pawar "Investigating the Effectiveness of Construction Practices in Delayed Residential Projects in Gadhinglaj City through Time and Cost Perspective" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30530.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/30530/investigating-the-effectiveness-of-construction-practices-in-delayed-residential-projects-in-gadhinglaj-city-through-time-and-cost-perspective/satej-r-desai
Assignment 3 Project PerformanceDue Week 8 and worth 150 .docxbraycarissa250
Assignment 3: Project Performance
Due Week 8 and worth 150 points
Note: This is the third of four assignments which, as a whole, will cover all aspects of the project life cycle
relevant to your selected project. Now, it is time for you to discuss your project’s risks and to develop a
performance management plan for managing the project.
Write a five to seven (5-7) page paper in which you define the execution and control aspects of your chosen
project. In your paper you must:
1. Provide a brief summary of your chosen project.
2. Identify and discuss your project’s greatest risks (at least three [3]) and provide a recommendation for
addressing each of the risks.
3. Examine how you will manage your project performance via earned value management. Identify at
least three (3) key EVM metrics you will use for your project.
4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not
qualify as quality resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer
University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name,
the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required
page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Analyze project management processes for scheduling and sequencing work components.
Appraise the process of determining the cost and relevant budget required for a project component.
Evaluate systems for cost tracking and budget monitoring.
Click here to view the grading rubric for this assignment.
https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/STANDARDIZED/StrayerWritingStandards/Strayer_Writing_Standards.pdf
https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/BUS/419/1192/Assignments/Assignment%203%20Rubric.html
Assignment 3: Project Performance
Due Week 8 and worth 150 points
Note: This is the third of four assignments which, as a whole, will cover all aspects of the project life cycle
relevant to your selected project. Now, it is time for you to discuss your project’s risks and to develop a
performance management plan for managing the project.
Write a five to seven (5-7) page paper in which you define the execution and control aspects of your chosen
project. In your paper you must:
1. Provide a brief summary of your chosen project.
2. Identify and discuss your project’s greatest risks (at least three [3]) and provide a recommendation for
addressing each of the risks.
3. Examine how you will manage your project performance via earned value management. Identify at
least three (3) key EVM metrics you will use for your project.
4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do ...
OPTIMAL PLANNING AND SCHEDULING OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSIAEME Publication
Objective: The research aims an empirical study on the application of MSP in every
single aspect of a project from planning and scheduling phase. Irrespective of nature of
work, location or norms in an organization, all the members work on tasks that are varied
and involve people who do not usually work together but for the same objective. Methods:
A project may have a simple goal that may not require many people or a great amount of
capital or it may be complex to a certain extent, calling for various skills and excess of
resources. But, the common line is that every human can manage projects. Due to this, the
purpose of dealing with the project should not be only execution but the effective and
efficient execution of a project is essential which is needed to be emphasized. Construction
companies in India executes the project in a traditional way, this sometimes leads
uneconomical and tedious too. The traditional method is time-consuming and bit confusion
in execution. Findings: This paper will provide how to do planning and scheduling for a
building which is a multi-storied (G+8) with Microsoft Project (MSP) software by
observing the site conditions, labour productivity, and available resources with proper
utilization of time and resources. Application: This approach can be projected to similar
projects of the same size.
Large Planning is a general term that sets a clear road map that should be followed to reach a destination. The term, therefore, has been used at different levels to mean different things. Planning involves the breakdown of the project into definable, measurable, and identifiable tasks activities, and then establishes the logical interdependences among them. These plans involve four main steps Performing breakdown of work items involved in the project into activities. Identifying the proper sequence by which the activities should be executed. Activities representation. Estimating the resources, time, and cost of individual activities. Planning requires a rigorous effort by the planning team. A planner should know the different categories of work and be familiar with the terminology and knowledge used in general practice. Also, the planning tem should seek the opinion of experts including actual construction experience. This helps produce a realistic plan and avoids problems later on site. P. B. Sudha | Dr. K. Vidhya "Project Planning & Scheduling" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31775.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/31775/project-planning-and-scheduling/p-b-sudha
Data Mining of Project Management Data: An Analysis of Applied Research Studies.Gurdal Ertek
Data collected and generated through and posterior to projects, such as data residing in project management software and post project review documents, can be a major source of actionable insights and competitive advantage. This paper presents a rigorous
methodological analysis of the applied research published in academic literature, on the application of data mining (DM) for project management (PM). The objective of the paper is to provide a comprehensive analysis and discussion of where and how data mining is applied for project management data and to provide practical insights for future research in the field.
https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3176714
https://ertekprojects.com/ftp/papers/2017/ertek_et_al_2017_Data_Mining_of_Project_Management_Data.pdf
Systematic review on evaluating planning process in agile development methodsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Agile development methods have been catering the need of faster delivery of theever-demanding domain of software engineering. These methods are able to deliver value to users and businesses via fast, reliable, and repeatable process. Planning requirements and processes takes the driving seat in a dynamic environment because the value proposition rapidly changes. This paper exhibits asystematic literature review of planning processes implementedby various agile methods in order to find the best suited agile method in terms of robust planning. Keywords: It was found that Scrum is the best suited agile method for planning processes.
Planning is a guideline in implementing the project so that development can be
implemented in accordance with the time and cost planned. Control discrepancy
between initial plan and realization that exists in implementation project required a
project management, therefore required optimization analysis of project duration, so
it can be known how long a project is completed and look for the possibility of project
acceleration implementation by Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
and Critical Path Method (CPM) or critical path method. This research aims to apply
Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Project Management
(CPM) methods to find optimize solutions and control the performance of time and
cost in project scheduling. The research method used case study method at hospital
project in Bogor District, Indonesia, by collecting data direct observation and
interview results at contractor. Based on these data, create a schedule by using PERT
and CPM methods, which will be measured performance of time performance and
project cost which is expected to overcome the problem of controlling and completion
of project. The results of this study, using PERT and CPM methods proved to optimize
the project. Based on calculation by PERT method reduce duration of work: 12 days
(13, 18%). Based on calculation by CPM method reduce duration of work: 31 days
(34, 06%) but direct cost increase 112.208,300, - rupiahs (0, 25%).
MBA 6941, Managing Project Teams 1 Course Learning Outco.docxalfredacavx97
MBA 6941, Managing Project Teams 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
2. Analyze the behavioral characteristics of individual project team members.
2.1 Outline the elements of a project schedule and how these elements can be affected by the
behavioral characteristics of project team members.
2.2 Describe key processes of project schedule management in relation to each project team
member and his or her behavioral characteristics.
6. Discuss conflict management and negotiation strategies.
6.1 Describe the implications of the precedence diagram method regarding managing team tasks
and avoiding conflicts.
6.2 Describe the role of the critical path regarding task assignments and the negotiation of resource
allocation within the project team.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 13: Time
Unit Lesson
One of the primary duties of the project manager is to make sure that the project can be completed on time with
the approved schedule while managing other project constraints including the amount of time each team member
has to spend on his or her part of the project. In addition, it is important for a project manager to understand the
behavioral characteristics of each project member in order to assign each individual the tasks that are best suited
for him or her to complete. One of the best ways to do this is to simply talk to people within your organization. Get
to know them and what their capabilities are. Also, speak to others who work with them or have worked with them
in the past, including immediate supervisors. These are the people who will know the strengths and weaknesses
of those you are considering to work with you. You cannot successfully manage a project schedule without a
clear understanding of the project resources and activities.
It is important to know that time is the only “triple constraint” typically owned by the project manager. The
output of time management is an element of keen interest in communications to senior management and
other stakeholders. The project schedule starts with the decomposition of the scope, which is performed by
the team. The project schedule according to the Project Management Institute [PMI] (2013) is one of the
primary sources of team conflicts.
In order to reduce the possibility of these conflicts, some key considerations to keep in mind regarding time
management include the following:
Because time estimates are more accurate if they are based on smaller sizes, estimates should be
based on work breakdown structure (WBS) or how much time they believe a specific portion of the
project should take.
Estimates should be provided by the person that has experience doing the work and not by the
project manager.
Consider historical information such as activities duration estimation, resource estimation, and other
factors from previous and similar projects as they can help with estima.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
More Related Content
Similar to ACHMAD FHADILAH_118130230_SKRIIPSI (BAB III & IV).pdf
Investigating the Effectiveness of Construction Practices in Delayed Resident...ijtsrd
Construction schedule delays could also be explained by means of the late completion of construction add comparison of designed schedule of project. If the explanations of the development projects schedule delay are found then the project schedule delay in construction may be reduced. During this study, factors of schedule delay were selected after the past review of literature then arranged them in primary sets. On following the survey outcomes, the highest causative groups and factors that require more consideration of delays in kokan region were explained. Satej R. Desai | A. T. Pawar "Investigating the Effectiveness of Construction Practices in Delayed Residential Projects in Gadhinglaj City through Time and Cost Perspective" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30530.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/30530/investigating-the-effectiveness-of-construction-practices-in-delayed-residential-projects-in-gadhinglaj-city-through-time-and-cost-perspective/satej-r-desai
Assignment 3 Project PerformanceDue Week 8 and worth 150 .docxbraycarissa250
Assignment 3: Project Performance
Due Week 8 and worth 150 points
Note: This is the third of four assignments which, as a whole, will cover all aspects of the project life cycle
relevant to your selected project. Now, it is time for you to discuss your project’s risks and to develop a
performance management plan for managing the project.
Write a five to seven (5-7) page paper in which you define the execution and control aspects of your chosen
project. In your paper you must:
1. Provide a brief summary of your chosen project.
2. Identify and discuss your project’s greatest risks (at least three [3]) and provide a recommendation for
addressing each of the risks.
3. Examine how you will manage your project performance via earned value management. Identify at
least three (3) key EVM metrics you will use for your project.
4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not
qualify as quality resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer
University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name,
the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required
page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Analyze project management processes for scheduling and sequencing work components.
Appraise the process of determining the cost and relevant budget required for a project component.
Evaluate systems for cost tracking and budget monitoring.
Click here to view the grading rubric for this assignment.
https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/STANDARDIZED/StrayerWritingStandards/Strayer_Writing_Standards.pdf
https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/BUS/419/1192/Assignments/Assignment%203%20Rubric.html
Assignment 3: Project Performance
Due Week 8 and worth 150 points
Note: This is the third of four assignments which, as a whole, will cover all aspects of the project life cycle
relevant to your selected project. Now, it is time for you to discuss your project’s risks and to develop a
performance management plan for managing the project.
Write a five to seven (5-7) page paper in which you define the execution and control aspects of your chosen
project. In your paper you must:
1. Provide a brief summary of your chosen project.
2. Identify and discuss your project’s greatest risks (at least three [3]) and provide a recommendation for
addressing each of the risks.
3. Examine how you will manage your project performance via earned value management. Identify at
least three (3) key EVM metrics you will use for your project.
4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do ...
OPTIMAL PLANNING AND SCHEDULING OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGSIAEME Publication
Objective: The research aims an empirical study on the application of MSP in every
single aspect of a project from planning and scheduling phase. Irrespective of nature of
work, location or norms in an organization, all the members work on tasks that are varied
and involve people who do not usually work together but for the same objective. Methods:
A project may have a simple goal that may not require many people or a great amount of
capital or it may be complex to a certain extent, calling for various skills and excess of
resources. But, the common line is that every human can manage projects. Due to this, the
purpose of dealing with the project should not be only execution but the effective and
efficient execution of a project is essential which is needed to be emphasized. Construction
companies in India executes the project in a traditional way, this sometimes leads
uneconomical and tedious too. The traditional method is time-consuming and bit confusion
in execution. Findings: This paper will provide how to do planning and scheduling for a
building which is a multi-storied (G+8) with Microsoft Project (MSP) software by
observing the site conditions, labour productivity, and available resources with proper
utilization of time and resources. Application: This approach can be projected to similar
projects of the same size.
Large Planning is a general term that sets a clear road map that should be followed to reach a destination. The term, therefore, has been used at different levels to mean different things. Planning involves the breakdown of the project into definable, measurable, and identifiable tasks activities, and then establishes the logical interdependences among them. These plans involve four main steps Performing breakdown of work items involved in the project into activities. Identifying the proper sequence by which the activities should be executed. Activities representation. Estimating the resources, time, and cost of individual activities. Planning requires a rigorous effort by the planning team. A planner should know the different categories of work and be familiar with the terminology and knowledge used in general practice. Also, the planning tem should seek the opinion of experts including actual construction experience. This helps produce a realistic plan and avoids problems later on site. P. B. Sudha | Dr. K. Vidhya "Project Planning & Scheduling" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31775.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/31775/project-planning-and-scheduling/p-b-sudha
Data Mining of Project Management Data: An Analysis of Applied Research Studies.Gurdal Ertek
Data collected and generated through and posterior to projects, such as data residing in project management software and post project review documents, can be a major source of actionable insights and competitive advantage. This paper presents a rigorous
methodological analysis of the applied research published in academic literature, on the application of data mining (DM) for project management (PM). The objective of the paper is to provide a comprehensive analysis and discussion of where and how data mining is applied for project management data and to provide practical insights for future research in the field.
https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3176714
https://ertekprojects.com/ftp/papers/2017/ertek_et_al_2017_Data_Mining_of_Project_Management_Data.pdf
Systematic review on evaluating planning process in agile development methodsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Agile development methods have been catering the need of faster delivery of theever-demanding domain of software engineering. These methods are able to deliver value to users and businesses via fast, reliable, and repeatable process. Planning requirements and processes takes the driving seat in a dynamic environment because the value proposition rapidly changes. This paper exhibits asystematic literature review of planning processes implementedby various agile methods in order to find the best suited agile method in terms of robust planning. Keywords: It was found that Scrum is the best suited agile method for planning processes.
Planning is a guideline in implementing the project so that development can be
implemented in accordance with the time and cost planned. Control discrepancy
between initial plan and realization that exists in implementation project required a
project management, therefore required optimization analysis of project duration, so
it can be known how long a project is completed and look for the possibility of project
acceleration implementation by Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
and Critical Path Method (CPM) or critical path method. This research aims to apply
Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Project Management
(CPM) methods to find optimize solutions and control the performance of time and
cost in project scheduling. The research method used case study method at hospital
project in Bogor District, Indonesia, by collecting data direct observation and
interview results at contractor. Based on these data, create a schedule by using PERT
and CPM methods, which will be measured performance of time performance and
project cost which is expected to overcome the problem of controlling and completion
of project. The results of this study, using PERT and CPM methods proved to optimize
the project. Based on calculation by PERT method reduce duration of work: 12 days
(13, 18%). Based on calculation by CPM method reduce duration of work: 31 days
(34, 06%) but direct cost increase 112.208,300, - rupiahs (0, 25%).
MBA 6941, Managing Project Teams 1 Course Learning Outco.docxalfredacavx97
MBA 6941, Managing Project Teams 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit V
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
2. Analyze the behavioral characteristics of individual project team members.
2.1 Outline the elements of a project schedule and how these elements can be affected by the
behavioral characteristics of project team members.
2.2 Describe key processes of project schedule management in relation to each project team
member and his or her behavioral characteristics.
6. Discuss conflict management and negotiation strategies.
6.1 Describe the implications of the precedence diagram method regarding managing team tasks
and avoiding conflicts.
6.2 Describe the role of the critical path regarding task assignments and the negotiation of resource
allocation within the project team.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 13: Time
Unit Lesson
One of the primary duties of the project manager is to make sure that the project can be completed on time with
the approved schedule while managing other project constraints including the amount of time each team member
has to spend on his or her part of the project. In addition, it is important for a project manager to understand the
behavioral characteristics of each project member in order to assign each individual the tasks that are best suited
for him or her to complete. One of the best ways to do this is to simply talk to people within your organization. Get
to know them and what their capabilities are. Also, speak to others who work with them or have worked with them
in the past, including immediate supervisors. These are the people who will know the strengths and weaknesses
of those you are considering to work with you. You cannot successfully manage a project schedule without a
clear understanding of the project resources and activities.
It is important to know that time is the only “triple constraint” typically owned by the project manager. The
output of time management is an element of keen interest in communications to senior management and
other stakeholders. The project schedule starts with the decomposition of the scope, which is performed by
the team. The project schedule according to the Project Management Institute [PMI] (2013) is one of the
primary sources of team conflicts.
In order to reduce the possibility of these conflicts, some key considerations to keep in mind regarding time
management include the following:
Because time estimates are more accurate if they are based on smaller sizes, estimates should be
based on work breakdown structure (WBS) or how much time they believe a specific portion of the
project should take.
Estimates should be provided by the person that has experience doing the work and not by the
project manager.
Consider historical information such as activities duration estimation, resource estimation, and other
factors from previous and similar projects as they can help with estima.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
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HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A CAR SHOWROOM USING E TABS
ACHMAD FHADILAH_118130230_SKRIIPSI (BAB III & IV).pdf
1. 29
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 RESEARCH METHOD
3.1.1 General Review
The method used in this research is reviewed from library of various
resources related to management construction, especially those related to
internal problems management system implementation May cause project
delays. The data in this study came from the results of the questionnaire filled
out by participantssources engaged in construction services. That is,
contractors and consultant within the scope of the project.
3.1.2 Research Method Used
As a first step in this research, something must The first stage is the
preparatory stage, namely series of activities before starting data
collection and processing. The preparatory phase includes:
1. Literature review
2. Determine data requirements
3. Gather agency information as a resource.
4. Make a proposal for the preparation of the final project
5. Procurement of administrative requirements for data
acquisition
This preparation is done with care to avoid repetitive work. So that the
stage of data collection is optimal.
2. 30
3.1.3 Population and Sample
Population is the sum of all things, be it people, values expected
object or event. Although the expected sample is the characteristics will
be studied and considered representative of the population of the entire
population. (Djarwanto, 1998).
Objective sampling is the chosen sampling method
carefully. So this is related to the research structure that is used
sample in a certain way Extract people selected by the author
based on characteristics, and certain characteristics. (Djarwanto, 1998)
In this study, the authors strive for a sample that
Contractor and consultant representative in Sumedang Regency.
Standard sampling Contractors and consultants as sourcing consultants
power is as follows:
1. Work in a company engaged in construction.
2. Over 20 years of age.
3. Have a position in the company as a (minimum) supervisor field
and so on (project manager). What is meant is with a project
manager is someone who is an expert who is authorized to
handle something project. It can be one Site Manager, Project
Manager, Coordinator Project, Project Head and/or equivalent.
3.1.4 Research Variables and Operational Variables
The variables used in this study are as follows: a. Independent
Variable (Independent Variable), namely variable X which includes:
• X1 variable as time performance analysis on the project using
the Bar Chart and S Curve methods.
• Variable X2 as cost analysis on Bar Chart and project S curve
• Variable X3 as network analysis on projects using Critical Path
Method.
3. 31
• Variable X4 as the Analysis of the Implementation Method
(Method Construction).
• Variable X4 as a work analysis to determine volume calculation
on the project using the method Bar Charts and S Curves.
b. Dependent Variable, namely variable Y which includes:
• Delay in construction projects which is variable Y.
3.1.5 Type Data and Sources
This research is based on existing literature and theory. Then the
previous data will be used as a deep hypothesis this research process.
Existing information Or from literary books, magazines, magazines,
newspapers, and others.
In addition to the secondary data above, the data is also valid in
this study This is data obtained directly from the informant. Get the data
directly Called master data.
Sources of data obtained by the author in this study came from:
1. Main data: namely direct observation of the data obtained by the
project Construction of a connecting bridge with PC hollow girder is the
object of research. Main data required The study includes an
implementation schedule and S-curve, budget plans, Analysis of project
unit prices, construction drawings, and other related data The author's
research through observation straight to the field.
2. Secondary data, namely data obtained from the following literature
Author research, this literary form is in the form of books, lecture notes,
internet browser, journal Related to the author's research. And through
guidance and consultation with supervisors.
4. 32
3.1.6 Data Collection Technique
To obtain verifiable, relevant and data complete, the author uses a
method or technique of data collection. Data collection method used by
the author in this study is:
1. Field studies are conducted to obtain key data. Direct
investigations were carried out into the project construction of
Connecting Bridge With PC Hollow Girder, Kec. Pusakanagara,
Kab. Subang namely Conducting interviews with supervisory
consultants and implementing contractors, and Workers PT.
WIKA - PP Joint and PatimOne Consul and related parties
project scope. Project documents and project data files obtained
from the contractor.
2. Literary studies Conducting library research for obtain
information on Supporting key data which is obtained.
Secondary data collection through reading and studying books,
handouts, browsing internet and Journal about working hours
and improvement workers for the construction of the Connecting
Bridge With PC Hollow Girder Kab. Subang Dan through
guidance and consultation with tutors and discussions with
classmates.
6. 34
3.1.8 Data Analysis Method
Data analysis is data processing activity after data collected and
prepared Delivered in written form or in research report form. Methods
of data analysis In this studyis a quantitative analysis.
If the implementation phase is the correct analysis procedure has
been planned and implemented. In this research Stages and the
implementation procedure is as follows:
3.1 Identify the problem. The problem faced here is implementation
delays Due to site conditions, changes design, weather effects,
planning or specification errors, lack of equipment and manpower
on site,And the impact of project owner participation.
4.1 Literature research and data collection. Data collection finished
Reading literary books, magazines, internet, periodicals and related
previous research Complete the research. Data obtained from
contractors, etc.
› Schedule For a project, it is necessary to know the time required
Complete projects to find the schedule for each work activity In the
field, completion time can also be used as a reference for duration
normal project.
› To determine the costs incurred, a plan is needed project cost
budget. Shortened construction period lead to increased direct costs
and decreased costs indirect. It can be seen that the direct costs In
budget planning, indirect costs obtained from interview with
contractor.
› Structural data and technical drawings required Complete
Processing project information
7. 35
3.1.9 Research Location
The location of the connecting bridge construction project is
located on Jln. Raya Utama Port of Patimban Kec. Pusakanegara
Kab. Subang, West Java.
Picture 3.14 Project Location
(Navigational info : Coordinate 6°13’48.73”S 107°54’9.87”E)
8. 36
CHAPTER IV
CLOSING
4.1 CLOSING
Despite all its shortcomings, “Management Analysis Construction of the
"Connecting Bridge with PC Hollow Girder, Kec. Pusakanagara, Kab.
Subang" project is expected to be alternative solution to the problem.
Therefore in doing analysis needs to be given directions, suggestions, and
objective criticism aims to increase rational in analyzing the material Or to
overcome the problem, in this case is construction management analysis.
SUGGESTION
From some of the problems in the implementation of
9. 37
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Sieve analysis of fine aggregate shall be made in accordance with JIS A 1102
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