Achieving Accessibility Goals With Machine Learning

1. Achieve Accessibility Goals
With Machine Learning
Miracle Inameti-Archibong
SEO Lead (Insurance), MoneySuperMarket Group
@mira_inam

2. WHY SHOULD YOU
CARE?

3. There are so many things I want to change.

4. There are so many things I want to change.
q What can I really influence?

5. There are so many things I want to change.
q What can I really influence?
q What is within my control?

6. There are so many things I want to change.
q What can I really influence?
q What is within my control?

7. Missing alternative text accounts for 61%
of all homepage accessibility errors.
April 2021, WebAIM

8. Half of the images missing alternative text
were linked images, resulting in links that
were not descriptive.
Source: WebAIM

9. Source: WebAIM
One-third of the images on the web have
questionable, or repetitive alternative text.

10. We have a duty to promote not
just inclusivity for all races, but
also inclusivity for all abilities
by eliminating unnecessary
barriers.

11. WE ALL KNOW
SOMEONE.

12. 61 million adults in the United
States live with a disability.
Source: CDC

13. 1 in 8 people in America has a disability.

14. About 12 million Americans 40 years
and over have vision disabilities.
Source: ICM

15. Our vision is our dominant sense.

16. 80% of what we learn is done through
perception, learning, cognition, and
other activities mediated through
vision.

17. Types of Visual Impairments
Source: WebAIM

18. Data Source: WebAIM
Internet Proficiency

19. Those with more significant vision loss
consistently reported higher levels of
internet proficiency.
Source: WebAIM

20. $490 billion: total after-tax disposable
income for working-age people with
disabilities.
Source: AIR

21. £17.1 billion of potential
spending is lost because of
inaccessible websites.
Source : The Click-Away
Pound

22. 83% of those with accessibility needs shop
at sites they know to be accessible, even if
the prices are higher.
Source: Level Access

23. Over 10 lawsuits per day in 2021.
Source: Usablenet

24. TAKE A WALK IN MY
SHOES.

25. qManaging personal finance

26. qManaging personal finance
qMonitoring health

27. qManaging personal finance
qMonitoring your health
qSchool work

28. qManaging personal finance
qMonitoring your health
qSchool work
qDating

29. qManaging personal finance
qMonitoring health
qSchool work
qDating
qShopping

30. Basically, stopping them from becoming
independent members of society.

31. HOW TO PERFORM AN
ACCESSIBILITY AUDIT.

32. Create a checklist.
qWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines.
qDigital Accessibility Checklist.

33. The audit should cover the four
principles of accessibility as outlined by
WCAG.

34. qPerceivable
Information and user
interface must be
presentable to users in
ways they can perceive..

36. Alternatives to CAPTCHA..
Content should follow a meaningful sequence.
Ignore decorative content.

37. qOperable
The interface cannot
require interaction that a
user cannot perform.
understand.

39. Easy navigation.
Accessible from a keyboard.
Allow time for caption-based media.

40. qUnderstandable
The Interface content or
operation cannot be
beyond the user’s
understanding.

41. qRobust
Content must be
compatible with current
and future user agents,
including assistive
technologies.

43. Accessibility tool created by WebAIM.

46. WAVE API
Allows automated and
remote accessibility
analysis.

47. WordPress
Accessibility
Plugin.

48. Lighthouse

49. Only 25% of issues detected
by automated tools.
Source: BIA.

50. Download a Screen Reader.

51. How does a
screen reader
work?

54. 161 Accessibility Evaluation tools by
W3C .
Other Accessibility Tools

55. MOST COMMON WEB
CONTENT
ACCESSIBILITY
ERRORS.

56. 97.4% of homepages had
detectable accessibility errors.
April 2021, WebAIM

57. qLow Contrast Text

58. Images from Squarespace

59. qEmpty Links
No text describing where the link will go if
clicked or triggered.

60. qMissing Form Input Label.
Empty description of what the various
fields and controls in the form are for.

61. Missing Label
Labeled

62. qEmpty Buttons
No text describing the function of the
button.

63. qMissing Alt text

64. IMAGE ALT TEXT BEST
PRACTICES.

66. SPEEDING UP THE
PROCESS WITH
PHYTON.

67. Requests 2.27.1 Pillow (PIL Fork)
Scikit-image TORCHVISION
Pandas Library

68. Mask R-CNN for object detection and
segmentation.

69. GENERATING YOUR
ALT TEXT.

70. https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1f-ayN1pP-dQy-
xmLqDf74pk1k_g_zRIm
: Image Caption for MOZcon Final.ipynb

71. Please create a copy.

72. Upload the image file
here.

73. Reduce rows for
runtime.

74. Click run all

75. ü

76. ü

77. ü

78. ü

79. û

80. û

81. Better at predicting larger images

82. q Create a copy

83. q Create a copy
q Only runs 100 URLs at a time

84. q Create a copy
q Only runs 100 URLs at a time
q Once it finishes running, check
download folder.

85. q Create a copy
q Only runs 100 URLs at a time
q Once it finishes running, check download
folder.
q Download file name: caption.csv.

87. Any of us could find the
abilities we enjoy today gone
tomorrow.
Mike Gifford, CivicActions

88. Sources
qhttps://wave.webaim.org/.
qhttps://wave.webaim.org/api/.
qhttps://blog.hubspot.com/website/wordpress-
accessibility-plugin.
qhttps://www.searchenginejournal.com/generate-text-
from-images-with-python/324001/

89. How to Generate Text from
Images with Python.
In Memory of Hamlet Batista.

90. Thank you @mira_inam

91. Thank you
Miracle Inameti-Archibong
SEO Lead (Insurance), MoneySuperMarket Group
@mira_inam