The document discusses achievement motivation and the relationship between an individual's behavior and their motivation to succeed or fear of failure. It describes two types of behavior - approach behavior, which is associated with higher motivation to achieve and involves risk taking, rising to challenges, and satisfaction from difficult tasks. The second is avoidance behavior, which is associated with higher motivation to avoid failure and involves choosing easier tasks to protect self-esteem. The document recommends that coaches encourage approach behavior in athletes by setting appropriate goals and focusing on self-improvement rather than outcomes alone.

1. By Dr. Kavita Marwah

2. Dr. Kavita Marwah
•The behaviour of an
individual is based on his or
her interaction with the
environment and the desire to
succeed.

3. Dr. Kavita Marwah

4. Dr. Kavita Marwah
• Sense of pride and satisfaction from competing
• Quick completion of the task
• Welcomes feedback
• Confidence
• Take responsibility for their own actions
• Attributes performance to internal factors
• Prepared to take risks and face challenges
• Enjoys performing in front of others and being evaluated
• Do not mind failing – see it as a learning experience.

5. Dr. Kavita Marwah
• Attempt to avoid shame and humiliation
• Worry about failure
• Avoid situations with a 50-50 chance
• Choose tasks which are easy or very hard
• Dislike personal feedback
• Attribute performance to external factors
• Give up easily
• Performance deteriorates when being evaluated

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Achievement Motivation
= Desire to succeed –
Fear of Failure

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• Level of achievement motivation is a
combination of personality and an
evaluation of the situational factors.

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• Higher motive to
achieve tend to have
• APPROACH BEHAVIOUR
• Take risks
• Rise to challenges
• Satisfaction from tasks
even when hard
• Higher motive to avoid
failure will have
• AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOUR
• Opt for easier choices or
not attempt task
• Protect self esteem
What kind of behaviour should a coach encourage in his or her athletes?

9. Dr. Kavita Marwah
• Most useful when task has 50-50 chance.
• Success may mean different things to different people.
• Achievement motivation is not a global concept –
performers may react differently in different sporting
situations.
• No clear relationship between achievement motivation
and performance has been established. Useful when
predicting long term motivation.

10. Dr. Kavita Marwah
• Explain with
reference to
achievement
motivation theory,
the decision of
each of the
players in the
given scenario:
• ‘In a cup final the
scores are level at the
end of full time. The
coach asks different
players to participate
in a penalty shoot out.
Some agree and
others refuse’

11. Dr. Kavita Marwah
• Suggests that a performer’s level of
achievement motivation will differ depending
on the reasons for his or her participation, the
goals set and the relative meaning of those
goals.

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Outcome Goal
• Judge the performance of
the individual against
others and the end result.
• Efficiency and manner of
the performance is not
important – only the end
result.
• If achieved – motivation
and self esteem increased.
• If goal is not reached –
demotivating, attribute
failure to internal factors,
may adopt avoidance
behaviour.
Task oriented goal
• Judge the performance
of the individual against
his or her own standards
• E.g. using the correct
tactics, comparing times
to personal best
• Reduces anxiety, allows
motivation regardless of
where the athlete finishes
• Can develop approach
behaviour

13. Dr. Kavita Marwah
• Provide positive child hood experiences
• Encourage feelings of pride and satisfaction through success
• Reduce punishment and negative feelings
• Gradually increase task difficulty – ensure challenging tasks
are set
• Cater for all levels of ability
• Raise levels of self efficacy and avoid learned helplessness
• Setting appropriate goals (outcome or task orientated)
• Consider cultural differences
• Using attributions correctly
• Provide encouragement from significant others

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