This document summarizes a research study on the role of intrapreneurial experience on independent and corporate new ventures. The study finds that individuals with intrapreneurial experience are more likely to start up both independent ventures and intra-ventures than those without such experience. The study uses a sample from Spain's Adult Population Survey and controls for various individual characteristics. While providing preliminary support for the hypotheses, the study also notes limitations around using a single country context and cross-sectional data. It proposes future research could explore other country contexts, use longitudinal data, and examine how intrapreneurial experience impacts venture growth patterns and the role of parent firms.
Entrepreneur as a Career Choice: Interrelationship between Risk Taking, Compe...IOSR Journals
It is commonly believed that entrepreneurs are one of the main pillars of nation economic growth or development due to their ability to create jobs. Entrepreneur as a career choice has known since ancient time along with career as non-entrepreneur. Research on entrepreneurship is increasingly performed in last period along with the decrease in employment opportunities. This research aims to analyze the personal characteristics that influence university graduates to choose entrepreneur as their career option. Based on previous research, five factors were identified, i.e: risk taking, competitive aggressiveness, proactiveness, innovativeness, and autonomy. Data were collected from 76 respondents. Data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis, cross tabulation, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and logistic regression to test how those factors relate to career choice as an entrepreneur. The analysis shows that only three factors significantly influenced the choice of entrepreneur as career choice, i.e. proactiveness, risk taking, and competitive aggressiveness. While the other two factors – innovativeness and autonomy – were found to be basic characteristics required for both an entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of financial distress, rewards and company performance using return on assets (ROA), managerial ownership, ownership concentration, directors' composition and leverage on directors' remuneration with company size, leverage and company age as control variables. The study population comprised manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sector listed on the ASEAN state stock exchange. The study used a purposive sampling method. The sample number consisted of 68 manufacturing companies. The data used are secondary data obtained from ASEAN state stock exchanges. Data analysis used multiple linear regression. The results indicate that ROA, managerial ownership, ownership concentration, firm size and leverage have a significant effect on directors' remuneration, while financial distress, reward, company age and state have no significant effect on directors' remuneration. The implications of study mean that boards of directors can conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the directors' remuneration system by establishing a team that has the authority to provide input and formulation of a remuneration system that meets the principle of fairness.
Christopher Stender has been working in immigration law as an attorney since 1990, and is on the list of pro bono lawyers at the United States Department of Justice. One of Christopher Stender’s cases as an immigration attorney involved Lawrence Eneh, a native of Nigeria.
Entrepreneur as a Career Choice: Interrelationship between Risk Taking, Compe...IOSR Journals
It is commonly believed that entrepreneurs are one of the main pillars of nation economic growth or development due to their ability to create jobs. Entrepreneur as a career choice has known since ancient time along with career as non-entrepreneur. Research on entrepreneurship is increasingly performed in last period along with the decrease in employment opportunities. This research aims to analyze the personal characteristics that influence university graduates to choose entrepreneur as their career option. Based on previous research, five factors were identified, i.e: risk taking, competitive aggressiveness, proactiveness, innovativeness, and autonomy. Data were collected from 76 respondents. Data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis, cross tabulation, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and logistic regression to test how those factors relate to career choice as an entrepreneur. The analysis shows that only three factors significantly influenced the choice of entrepreneur as career choice, i.e. proactiveness, risk taking, and competitive aggressiveness. While the other two factors – innovativeness and autonomy – were found to be basic characteristics required for both an entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of financial distress, rewards and company performance using return on assets (ROA), managerial ownership, ownership concentration, directors' composition and leverage on directors' remuneration with company size, leverage and company age as control variables. The study population comprised manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sector listed on the ASEAN state stock exchange. The study used a purposive sampling method. The sample number consisted of 68 manufacturing companies. The data used are secondary data obtained from ASEAN state stock exchanges. Data analysis used multiple linear regression. The results indicate that ROA, managerial ownership, ownership concentration, firm size and leverage have a significant effect on directors' remuneration, while financial distress, reward, company age and state have no significant effect on directors' remuneration. The implications of study mean that boards of directors can conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the directors' remuneration system by establishing a team that has the authority to provide input and formulation of a remuneration system that meets the principle of fairness.
Christopher Stender has been working in immigration law as an attorney since 1990, and is on the list of pro bono lawyers at the United States Department of Justice. One of Christopher Stender’s cases as an immigration attorney involved Lawrence Eneh, a native of Nigeria.
Leadership And Cooperation In Academia. Reflecting on the Roles and Responsib...Orkestra
Leadership and Cooperation in Academia focuses on the place and the role of universities in different societies, including their influence on the socio-economic development of those societies.
Across the world academic institutions are being questioned by their stakeholders and pressured to change. Answering these questions requires that academics and professional managers in universities think about their work, its value and organisation. The book highlights the need for space and stimulus to reflect on the responsibilities, roles and expectations that they identify for themselves, and that others place upon them – then, they might be better able to understand and to act. Similarly, policymakers and higher education commentators need the space and stimulus to reflect on the role of universities. This book will provide this space and an invaluable contribution to the stimulus.
This innovative volume will be enriching to academics and professional managers who are interested in leading, managing and contributing in an academic environment. Policymakers and higher education commentators concerned with the development and impacts of universities will also find plenty of insightful information in this timely study.
Leadership is a contingent; contextual; and political henomenon. It involves, inter alia, working with power, culture, mental models, various interests.
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney who is fluent in both Spanish and German. With more than a decade of experience practicing immigration law, he has successfully argued numerous cases on behalf of clients facing deportation before the Board of Immigration Appeals and the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals. In his spare time, Christopher Stender has donated his time or financial support to several charities including Homeless Outreach, Cesar Chavez School Mission, and the Florence Immigrant & Refugee Rights Project (FIRRP).
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney with more than two decades of experience practicing immigration law. In conjunction with his everyday immigration law practice, Christopher Stender is also an active member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association.
Presentation by researchers Henar Alcalde and M. Davide Parrilli at the European Academy of Management Annual Conference, Valencia (Spain) 4-7 June 2014
The enterprising communities and startup ecosystem in IranAidin Salamzadeh
Purpose
Startups play a significant role in improving societies. This paper concentrates on the concept of “startups” and attempts to present a more comprehensive view of this phenomenon. Also, the focus of this paper is on investigating enterprising communities and the startup ecosystem in Iran.
Design/methodology/approach
The existing literature is carefully reviewed, definition and views are explored and the story of this phenomenon is told from the formation to the exit stage. The author elaborates the existing stages and challenges of startups in Iran. To do so, 65 tech startup founders are interviewed. Semi-structured interviews (SI) were based on previous studies mentioning the lifecycle of the startups, and were fully recorded. Moreover, secondary sources of data (SS) were used to support the findings.
Findings
The paper classifies the extant theories of startups in two levels, i.e. macro level, and micro and meso levels. Also, it defines some steps for the formation of startups and studies the Iranian startup ecosystem. Last but not the least the paper contributes to the startup ecosystem of Iran which is changing disruptively, especially in the last couple of years.
Research limitations/implications
Findings of this research shed light on the existing ecosystem of startups in Iran, which is rarely studied in previous research. Lack of enough evidence in the existing literature of startup ecosystem in Iran was the most significant limitation of the research which increased the need for more investigation and elaboration.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to understanding the startup ecosystem in Iran, and the challenges.
Leadership And Cooperation In Academia. Reflecting on the Roles and Responsib...Orkestra
Leadership and Cooperation in Academia focuses on the place and the role of universities in different societies, including their influence on the socio-economic development of those societies.
Across the world academic institutions are being questioned by their stakeholders and pressured to change. Answering these questions requires that academics and professional managers in universities think about their work, its value and organisation. The book highlights the need for space and stimulus to reflect on the responsibilities, roles and expectations that they identify for themselves, and that others place upon them – then, they might be better able to understand and to act. Similarly, policymakers and higher education commentators need the space and stimulus to reflect on the role of universities. This book will provide this space and an invaluable contribution to the stimulus.
This innovative volume will be enriching to academics and professional managers who are interested in leading, managing and contributing in an academic environment. Policymakers and higher education commentators concerned with the development and impacts of universities will also find plenty of insightful information in this timely study.
Leadership is a contingent; contextual; and political henomenon. It involves, inter alia, working with power, culture, mental models, various interests.
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney who is fluent in both Spanish and German. With more than a decade of experience practicing immigration law, he has successfully argued numerous cases on behalf of clients facing deportation before the Board of Immigration Appeals and the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals. In his spare time, Christopher Stender has donated his time or financial support to several charities including Homeless Outreach, Cesar Chavez School Mission, and the Florence Immigrant & Refugee Rights Project (FIRRP).
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney with more than two decades of experience practicing immigration law. In conjunction with his everyday immigration law practice, Christopher Stender is also an active member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association.
Presentation by researchers Henar Alcalde and M. Davide Parrilli at the European Academy of Management Annual Conference, Valencia (Spain) 4-7 June 2014
The enterprising communities and startup ecosystem in IranAidin Salamzadeh
Purpose
Startups play a significant role in improving societies. This paper concentrates on the concept of “startups” and attempts to present a more comprehensive view of this phenomenon. Also, the focus of this paper is on investigating enterprising communities and the startup ecosystem in Iran.
Design/methodology/approach
The existing literature is carefully reviewed, definition and views are explored and the story of this phenomenon is told from the formation to the exit stage. The author elaborates the existing stages and challenges of startups in Iran. To do so, 65 tech startup founders are interviewed. Semi-structured interviews (SI) were based on previous studies mentioning the lifecycle of the startups, and were fully recorded. Moreover, secondary sources of data (SS) were used to support the findings.
Findings
The paper classifies the extant theories of startups in two levels, i.e. macro level, and micro and meso levels. Also, it defines some steps for the formation of startups and studies the Iranian startup ecosystem. Last but not the least the paper contributes to the startup ecosystem of Iran which is changing disruptively, especially in the last couple of years.
Research limitations/implications
Findings of this research shed light on the existing ecosystem of startups in Iran, which is rarely studied in previous research. Lack of enough evidence in the existing literature of startup ecosystem in Iran was the most significant limitation of the research which increased the need for more investigation and elaboration.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to understanding the startup ecosystem in Iran, and the challenges.
Role of social and human capital in business model adaptationAntonio Dottore
Paper presented at the 2013 Babson Conference on entrepreneurship. It shows that certain types of social capital (from networking) and of human capital (mostly experience-based) are important for business model adaptation in new ventures.
The interaction of the two (Social*Human) creates useful synergies.
Kibuuka Muhammad journal1 etal 2013: SMALL-SCALE ENTREPRENEURS’ SUCCESS IN K...Muhammad Kibuuka
JULY, 2013
This study was conducted in Kampala District, the abode of most SSEs, in welding, metal works, sole shops, schools, restaurants and other professional firms. Although Uganda ranks high on entrepreneurial index in the world (Namatovu et al, 2010), mortality rate of new SSE is very high (Lois & Annette, 2005). Ishengoma & Kappel (2008) noted that most SSE in Uganda die in their first two years, majority employ less than 5 workers and contribute less than 20% to GDP. According to Ssempebwa, 78% of SSEs in Kampala are constrained and so have limited chances of success (MoFPED, 2008).
Dr. Kibuuka Muhammad journal_article: Small Business SuccessMuhammad Kibuuka
This study was conducted in Kampala District, the abode of most SSEs, in welding, metal works, sole shops, schools, restaurants and other professional firms. Although Uganda ranks high on entrepreneurial index in the world (Namatovu et al, 2010), mortality rate of new SSE is very high (Lois & Annette, 2005). Ishengoma & Kappel (2008) noted that most SSE in Uganda die in their first two years, majority employ less than 5 workers and contribute less than 20% to GDP. According to Ssempebwa, 78% of SSEs in Kampala are constrained and so have limited chances of success (MoFPED, 2008).
ReferencesBikos, L. H., Haney, D., Edwards, R. W., North, M. A.,.docxdebishakespeare
References
Bikos, L. H., Haney, D., Edwards, R. W., North, M. A., Quint, M., McLellan, J., & Ecker, D. L. (2014). Missionary kid career development: A consensual qualitative research investigation through a social cognitive lens. Career Development Quarterly, 62(2), 156-174. doi:10.1002/j.2161-0045.2014.00077.x
Dewar, D. L., Lubans, D., Morgan, P., & Plotnikoff, R. C. (2013). Development and evaluation of social cognitive measures related to adolescent physical activity. Journal Of Physical Activity & Health, 10(4), 544-555.
Giacomantonio, S. G. (2012). Three problems with the theory of cognitive therapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 66(4), 375-90. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1285125541?accountid=12085
Heydari, A., Dashtgard, A., & Moghadam, Z. (2014). The effect of Bandura's social cognitive theory implementation on addiction quitting of clients referred to addiction quitting clinics. Iranian Journal Of Nursing & Midwifery Research, 19(1), 19-23.
Xu, Y. (2011). A social-cognitive perspective on firm innovation. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 10(2), 33-54. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/886547117?accountid=12085
33
Academy of Strategic Management Journal, Volume 10, Number 2, 2011
A SOCIAL-COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
ON FIRM INNOVATION
Yang XU, The Pennsylvania State University
ABSTRACT
Innovation is the central value of economic behavior, and this paper proposes a social-
cognitive perspective for studying the sources of firm innovation. In the context of firm innovation,
the cognitions of top management teams or an entrepreneur shape the way they use the social
structure available to them, while the social structures influence the embedded actors’ cognitions
and ultimately their strategic actions. Managers and entrepreneurs form collaborative partnerships
designed to achieve innovation and competitiveness. During this dynamic social learning process,
cognitive differences influence the formation of social capital and its realized benefits. The impact
of social capital on innovation can hardly be evaluated without understanding individual cognitive
characteristics first. By distinguishing between cognitive structures, as well as social capital
characteristics, and by investigating their effects on firm innovation, this paper extends the
literature on organization theory and innovation research.
INTRODUCTION
Innovation is the driving force of economic growth, but much confusion centers on how to
encourage it. This paper reviews the literature on social networks and organizational learning and
incorporates the cognitive and social factors that influence innovation research. A firm’s social
capital constitutes an important source of its innovation, and the cognitive understanding of a firm’s
management team or its entrepreneurs of innovation also contribute to this initiative. Accordingly,
this paper addresses three related questions regarding cognition, social capital, and innovation ...
An Exploratory Study of Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises. With the objective to recognize opportunity and start a venture formation, SMEs must proactively involve in entrepreneurial activities from scratch. Founders of SMEs are likely perceived as entrepreneurs in the process of pursuing new business and profit which will lead to enterprise formation (DeTienne & Chandler, 2007; Gilmore, 2011). Approaching from the behavioral aspect of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial opportunity search includes knowledge, alertness, intuition, creativity and social interaction. By searching the pattern of adopted activities of owners, the process evolves into opportunity recognition. Since the more turbulent and complicated the marketplace is, the more opportunities entrepreneurs are granted; entrepreneurial opportunity recognition may also come into existence from a complex series of phenomena with different distinct parts such as innovative insight, idea exploration, informal evaluation and concept development (Webb, Ireland, Hitt, Kistruck, & Tihanyi, 2011). Or through the argument by Ardichvili, Cardozo, and Ray (2003), entrepreneurs undergo a process from observing underemployed resource or market need to disclosing a ‘match’ between specific market need and certain resources; then formulating a fresh ‘match’ between the need and resources in the specific context of their businesses. And the main determinants influencing the above processes as well as contributors to entrepreneurial opportunity recognition that are in need of further exploration include prior knowledge, entrepreneurial alertness, market analysis, creativity, network ties and situational elements.
From Intentions to Actions: Entrepreneurial EducationIJMREMJournal
Entrepreneurship is an issue that causes a lot of controversy. Some people assert that becoming an
entrepreneur is a solution for young students; some others argue that this statement is not so obvious, since the
implementation of a business demands investment and requires capital, capital that is not easy to obtain. This
article looks at a sample of 275 college students in Portugal and seeks to investigate if there is any relationship
of entrepreneurial intentions of university students and some variables as training areas, higher education
institutions, gender, age and family influences. To achieve this goal, a survey was carried out to college
students, trying to understand how the training schools encouraged the creation of an entrepreneurial culture,
in what extent students were motivated to entrepreneurship and what are their intents for the future. The results
demonstrate that entrepreneurial education is the basis of cultivating the entrepreneurial spirit in college
students. The training areas, the ambition of having his/her/own business, having a great idea and having
family´s history of entrepreneurial characteristics are the main causes that influence entrepreneurial intentions
in college students.
Similar to The role of intrapreneurial experience on independent and corporate new ventures: evidence from Spain (20)
Sharpen existing tools or get a new toolbox? Contemporary cluster initiatives...Orkestra
UIIN Conference, Madrid, 27-29 May 2024
James Wilson, Orkestra and Deusto Business School
Emily Wise, Lund University
Madeline Smith, The Glasgow School of Art
El 24 de noviembre se celebró en el Kursaal la conferencia del Informe de Competitividad de 2021. A continuación se muestra la presentación utilizada durante el evento.
PLAYING THE LONG GAME: Experimenting Smart Specialisation in the Basque CountryOrkestra
Power Point presentation related to the main conclusions of the publication PLAYING THE LONG GAME: Experimenting Smart Specialisation in the Basque Country written by Edurne Magro, James Wilson, Mari Jose Aranguren, Mikel Navarro and Kevin Morgan. The work analyses the implementation of the Smart Specialisation Strategy RIS3 in The Basque Country. It focuses on the changes that had taken place since 2016 in (i) the actors involved, (ii) the activities underlying the strategy & (iii) the evaluation mechanisms.
Agustín Zubillaga, coordinador del lab de Economía Digital, habla sobre la transición digital partiendo de los aprendizajes y las reflexiones compartidas sobre las tendencias en digitalización. La tribuna parte de los principales resultados del Informe Economía y Sociedad Digitales en el País Vasco realizado por Orkestra partiendo del Índice Europeo en Digitalización (DESI). Fue publicado en la edición País Vasco de elEconomista.
En Bizkaia, la empresa industrial vasca goza de una buena salud financieraOrkestra
Las firmas guipuzcoanas y alavesas presentan menor riesgo de crédito que las vizcainas debido a su mayor economía y capacidad financiera publica Deia el 16 de febrero de 2020. Se trata de los resultados del último proyecto sobre financiación empresarial de Orkestra realizado en colaboración con el Instituto Vasco de Finanzas.
En Álava la empresa industrial vasca goza de una buena salud financieraOrkestra
Las firmas alavesas y guipuzcoanas presentan un menor riesgo de crédito que las vizcaínas debido a su mayor autonomía y capacidad financiera. Noticia publicada en Noticias de Álava el 16 de febrero dentro del proyecto sobre financiación empresarial promovido por Orkestra con la colaboración del Instituto Vasco de Finanzas.
Las empresas industriales vascas gozan de una buena salud financiera y tienen...Orkestra
Las firmas guipuzcoanas y alavesas presentan un menor riesgo de crédito que las vizcaínas debido a su mayor autonomía y capacidad financiera. Artículo publicado en Noticias de Gipuzkoa el 16 de febrero y que hace referencia a la última publicación del proyecto sobre financiación empresarial que se realiza con la financiación del Instituto Vasco de Finanzas.
Asko hitzegiten da trantsizio energetikoari buruz. Aldaketa klimatikoak norabide berri bat eskatzen du energia sare, iturri eta kontsumoari dagokionez. Nola egin aurre honi, nola ekidin pobrezia energetikoan bizi direnak are pobreago izatea. Macarena Larrea, orkestrako energia arloko aditua da, Berriako erreportai honetan trantsizioan pobrezia energetikoari dagokionez kontutan hartu beharrekoen inguruan hitzegiten du.
Colaboración y resiliencia ante el nuevo contexto competitivoOrkestra
Susana Franco, investigadora de Orkestra, aborda el DAFO de la competitividad partiendo del Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2019. En el artículo de opinión escrito para la Guía de Innovación de Estrategia Empresarial e Innobasque, señala aquellos aspectos a trabajar desde el punto de vista de resiliencia y colaboración a fin de poder hacer frente a los retos futuros.
Mari Jose Aranguren aboga por más cooperación que nunca en su artículo de opinión publicado en El Correo el 31 de diciembre de 2019. Aquí señala cuál es el contexto socioeconómico vasco actual y cómo nos tenemos que preparar ante los retos futuros en materia de envejecimiento, digitalización y transición energética entre otros aspectos.
Las pymes desaprovechan el comercio electrónicoOrkestra
Cinco Días cubre en un extenso reportaje las principales conclusiones del informe sobre el estado de la digitalización en Euskadi, "Economía y sociedad digitales en el País Vasco" (DESI 2018)
Euskadi ya tiene 16.000 empresas exportadoras, el doble que hace 10 añosOrkestra
El ‘Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2018’, elaborado por Orkestra –Instituto Vasco de Competitividad– destaca, como un rasgo notable, que a pesar de la recuperación de la demanda interna española a partir de 2017 "las empresas vascas no se hayan concentrado en el mercado español y hayan mostrado un comportamiento exportador tan positivo". El colectivo exportador vasco supone más del 22% de las empresas con asalariados y concentra alrededor de un 9% de las exportaciones totales españolas.
La mitad de los vascos que trabajan ahora estarán jubilados en 2030Orkestra
¿Cómo hacer frente a ese envejecimiento de la población y a la falta de relevo generacional?El Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2019 recoge los claroscuros del envejecimiento de la población dese el punto de vista de la necesidad creciente de atracción del talento a las oportunidades que ofrecerá la economía plateada. Diario Vasco lo recoge en este amplio reportaje.
Accede a la presentación del Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2019. Allí encontrarás los principales puntos tratados a lo largo de la Conferencia de Competitividad en lo que respecta al Diagnóstico y al cuaderno de competencias. Ikus ezazu Lehiakortasunerako txostenari buruz egindako aurkezpena. Bertan aurkituko dituzu zeintzuk diren gure erronkak.
Redes inteligentes para la transición energética. Iván Martén, presidente de ...Orkestra
Las redes inteligentes son una fuente de oportunidad desde el punto de vista de la competitividad del País Vasco. Su desarrollo no supondrá sólo la mejora de la eficiencia en términos económicos, sino que también desde el punto de vista del bienestar, las redes inteligentes contribuirán a disminuir los efectos medioambientales y a que el consumidor tome un papel activo a la hora de gestionar su energía. Orkestra, Tecnalia y el Ente Vasco de la Energía (EVE) celebran el 2 y 3 de octubre las jornadas JIEEC sobre redes inteligentes/smartgrids. Este es el discurso de apertura de Iván Martén, presidente de Orkestra.
Las empresas de Gipuzkoa son las que mayor rentabilidad tienen de la CAVOrkestra
Las empresas de Gipuzkoa se muestran más rentables en comparación con otros territorios como Bizkaia o Álava. Se trata de uno de los principales resultados del Observatorio Económico Financiero de la Empresa Vasca que Orkestra realiza, en colaboración con el Instituto Vasco de Finanzas. Las conclusiones y recomendaciones sobre este trabajo se recogen en este artículo de Noticias de Gipuzkoa publicado el 14 de julio de 2019.
La rentabilidad de las empresas alavesas coincide con la media de las firmas ...Orkestra
Las empresas alavesas se situan entre las guipuzcoanas y las vizcaínas en lo que respecta a su rentabilidad. Esta es una de las conclusiones del Observatorio Económico Financiero de la Empresa Vasca, que Orkestra realiza junto con la colaboración del Instituto Vasco de Finanzas. El artículo publicado en Noticias de Álava recoge la situación de las empresas alavesas y las compara según su tamaño.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
The role of intrapreneurial experience on independent and corporate new ventures: evidence from Spain
1. The role of intrapreneurial
experience on independent and
corporate new ventures:
evidence from Spain
Maribel Guerrero, Iñaki Peña
Orkestra-Basque Institute of Competitiveness.
Deusto Business School.
3. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
What we know …
(1) Entrepreneurship is important for economic growth.
• Vary greatly across different types of entrepreneurship,
environmental contexts and conditions (Wennekers and Thurik
1999; Westhead 1995).
(2) Human capital is a key determinant of any entrepreneurial
action (McMullen and Shepherd 2006; Hornsby et al. 1993; Shane et
al. 2003).
(3) There are some differences in human capital between
entrepreneurs & intrapreneurs. Parker (2011):
• entrepreneurs are characterized by a general human capital
(knowledge, skills and experiences) useful for start-up creation,
• intrapreneurs acquire a specific human capital from training
programs, experiences and learning process within existing
organizations that have an entrepreneurial focus (i.e., proactive,
innovative and risk-taking oriented firms).
4. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
What we know …
Corporate entrepreneurship build a strong human architecture
(i.e., management support, work discretion, reward system, time
availability and organizational boundaries)
This fertile environments inside organizations help:
• to achieve organizational objectives (i.e., innovation, renewal or
venturing) and
• indirectly generates a specific human capital in their employees
(i.e., intrapreneurial experience).
Hornsby et al. (1993, 2002,)
5. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
What we do not know …
About the link between this specific human capital dimension
(intrapreneurial experience) onto firm start-up (independent
venturing & intra-venturing).
Our Objective
We attempt to fill this gap in the literature by testing the effect
of individuals’ intrapreneurial experience on the number of
firms created by independent entrepreneurs and
intrapreneurs.
6. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
From a theoretical point of view…
For one side, entrepreneurial action depends, to a large extent, on
how individuals combine:
(a) their motivations that vary in how they perceive the risk of
expending resources before knowing the distribution of outcomes
(Shane et al. 2003; Arenius and Minnitti 2005);
(b) their human capital (i.e. individual education, experiences and
skills), which constitutes a firm-unique intangible asset (Bates 1990;
Davidsson and Honig 2003); and
(c) the access to other resources such as financial and social capital,
which may prompt (or hamper) the decision to start a new venture
(Bosma et al. 2004).
For other side, the creation of intra-ventures refers to visible
entrepreneurial tendencies of a parent firm toward innovativeness, pro-
activeness and risk taking (Covin and Slevin 1989; Lumpkin and Dess 1996;
Miller 1983).
7. Previous studies Frameworks
Entrepreneurial
action
(Locke 2000;
McMullen and
Shepherd 2006;
Shane et al. 2003;
Shane and
Venkataraman 2000)
Antecedents
Environmental
Individual
Perceptions
Motivations
(desirability)
Knowledge
(feasibility)
Entrepreneurial
action
Firm creation
High-Growth
(Autio 2007; Autio et
al. 2007; Autio and
Acs 2007, 2010)
Antecedents
Environmental
Individual
Resources
Human capital
Social capital
Financial
capital
Orientation
High aspirations
Innovation
Internationalization
Entrepreneurial
action
Firm creation
Firm
Performance
High-growth
Entrepreneurial
Orientation
(Covin and Slevin
1991; Lumpkin and
Dess 1996, 2001;
Miller 1983; Moreno
and Casillas 2008)
Moderators
Environmental
Organizational
Individual
Entrepreneurial
orientation
Risk taking
Innovativeness
Proactiveness
Autonomy
Competitive
aggressiveness
Performance
Sales growth
Market share
Profitability
Overall
performance
Corporate
Entrepreneurship
(Antoncic and Hisrich
2001; Ireland et al.
2009; Hornsby et al.
1993, 2002, 2009,
forthcoming; Kuratko
et al. 2005a, 2005b;
Zahra 1991, 1993;
Zahra and Covin
1995; Zahra and
Garvis 2000)
Antecedents
Environmental
Organizational
Individual
Human System
Architecture
Human capital
Social capital
Entrepreneurial
orientation
Risk taking
Innovativeness
Proactiveness
Corporate
Entrepreneurship
Innovations
Venturing
Renewal
Performance
Growth
Profitability
Intrapreneurial
experiences &
entrepreneurial
action (proposed)
Antecedents
(individual,
organizational,
environmental)
Specific human
resources
(intrapreneurial
experience)
Individual
orientation
(risk taking, innovativeness
proactiveness)
Firm
creation
High-Growth
(innovation,
internationalization
and growth
aspiration)
8. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
From a theoretical point of view…
Hypothesis 1: Individuals with intrapreneurial experience are more
likely to start up a firm than individuals who lack such experience.
Hypothesis 2: Individuals with intrapreneurial experience are
more likely to start up intra-ventures than individuals who lack
such experience.
(Boeker 1997; Zahra 1991, 1993; Zahra and Covin 1995;
Zahra and Garvis 2000; Sebora and Theerapatvong 2010;
Parker 2011).
(Covin & Miles 2002; Parker 2011).
9. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
Sample
Adult Population Survey (GEM in Spain)
9277 observations adult individuals (18- to 64-year-old).
Methodology
We use a negative binomial regression model
The negative binomial regression model provides a solution to
the problem of over-dispersion and bias problems that we found
in our sample (Cameron and Trivedi 1998; Greene 2003; Hilbe
2007).
Studies have used negative binomial regression methods to test
samples with similar characteristics to ours (Audrestch and
Lehmann 2005), Gregorio and Shane 2003) and Rothaermel
2001).
10. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
Dependent Variables: firm creation
Model A Model B
independent_venturing corporate_venturing
1 = individual that has recently
created a new business (younger
than 42 months old)
0 = otherwise
1 = (a) individual that has recently created a
new venture for employer as part of
his/her normal work
(b) is a full-time employee
0 = otherwise
Intra_experience 1= individual that has been involved in the development of
new activities (i.e., new goods/services, new business, etc.)
for her/his main employer during the last three years (Bosma
et al. 2010)
0=otherwise
Independent Variables
11. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
Other Variables
Educ_higher 1=Higher education
0=otherwise
Entre_experience 1=has shut down a business in the past 12 months
0=otherwise
Investor_experience 1=has invested his or her own funds into private-held
entrepreneurial ventures started by others during the past three
years
0=otherwise
Know_entrepreneur 1=indicating whether the individual knew other entrepreneurs
who started a business in the past two years
0=otherwise
PIncome_higher 1=indicating whether the individual’s annual income is higher
than 30,000 Euros per year.
0=otherwise
opportunity_
recognition
1=if the individual perceives good opportunities
0=otherwise
Skills 1= indicating whether the individual possesses the knowledge,
skills and experience required to starting a business;
0 = otherwise
FearFailure 1= indicating whether the individual considers that fear of failure
would prevent him or her from setting up a business.
Region_highincome 1= represents the Spanish regions with high level of GDP per
capita respect to the media of all regions
Gender, Age
13. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda
• Intrapreneurial experience contributes to the spreading of the
knowledge base, networking capacity of individuals and leadership
skills, which ultimately reinforce individuals’ self-confidence and
conviction needed to start up a firm.
• Our preliminary result could complements other findings
highlighting the relevance of work experience on firm creation and
intra-venturing (Bates 1990; Bosma et al. 2004; Davidsson and Honig
2003).
• The experience gained by being employed by organization with
intrapreneurial practices may be useful for an individual willing to
start up a independent venturing
14. Research Motivations
Theoretical approaches
Methodology
Conclusions
Future research
Preliminary results
Agenda Our limitations…… new research opportunities
• Spanish context… will allow explore it in other countries
• We used cross-section data. Longitudinal data will allow us to
capture the dynamic dimension of this phenomenon.
•A natural extension of our work could be to test the effect of
individuals’ intrapreneurial experience on the actual growth
pattern (high-growth orientation) of new firms.
• Another research avenue would be to examine the role played
by the parent firm. (….How corporate entrepreneurship is
managed to optimize the performance of a portfolio of spin-offs?
…..)
15. Many thanks for
your attention!
Maribel Guerrero, Iñaki Peña
Orkestra-Basque Institute of Competitiveness. Deusto Business School.