The document summarizes a discussion around leadership and cooperation in academia. It notes the difficulties universities face in asserting their social role while resisting threats to autonomy from governments and treating students as customers. Speakers discussed the need for universities to provide space for creative problem solving of socio-economic challenges, and for academics to renew their intrinsic motivation to generate new ideas. It was noted that the relationship between universities and society depends on many context-specific dimensions, and that action research can help open the "black box" of learning between academics and regional actors. A key conclusion was that achieving balance between theoretical and applied components in research takes time and commitment from institutions.