Presentation by researchers Henar Alcalde and M. Davide Parrilli at the European Academy of Management Annual Conference, Valencia (Spain) 4-7 June 2014
John Cantwell- Seminario 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'Fundación Ramón Areces
Los días 13 y 14 de marzo de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces organizó con el Instituto de Estudios de la Innovación (IREIN) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras una jornada sobre 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'. Contó con la intervención de destacados expertos internacionales como Luc Soete, rector de la Universidad de Maastricht; Julia Lane, del American Institutes for Research (AIR) de Estados Unidos; Giovanni Dosi,
del Institute of Economics de la Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (Italia); Daniele Archibugi, del CNRS y del Birkbeck College de la University of London; John Cantwell, del Rutgers Business School de Rutgers University (Estados Unidos); Jorge Katz, de la Universidad de Chile; Tom Hockaday, del ISIS Innovation de la Universidad de Oxford (Reino Unido), y Johan Schot, del Science and Technology Policy Research de la University of Sussex (Reino Unido).
John Cantwell- Seminario 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'Fundación Ramón Areces
Los días 13 y 14 de marzo de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces organizó con el Instituto de Estudios de la Innovación (IREIN) y el Foro de Empresas Innovadoras una jornada sobre 'Nuevos enfoques sobre políticas de innovación'. Contó con la intervención de destacados expertos internacionales como Luc Soete, rector de la Universidad de Maastricht; Julia Lane, del American Institutes for Research (AIR) de Estados Unidos; Giovanni Dosi,
del Institute of Economics de la Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (Italia); Daniele Archibugi, del CNRS y del Birkbeck College de la University of London; John Cantwell, del Rutgers Business School de Rutgers University (Estados Unidos); Jorge Katz, de la Universidad de Chile; Tom Hockaday, del ISIS Innovation de la Universidad de Oxford (Reino Unido), y Johan Schot, del Science and Technology Policy Research de la University of Sussex (Reino Unido).
Connecting through Design: designer’s role bridging R&D and businessesMarco Ferruzca
This paper presents an exploratory study carried out in Catalonia from autumn 2007 until spring 2008, with the aim
of bringing the local design and research and innovation systems together. This research work has revealed that the
design sector can serve as a vehicle to transfer technology and knowledge produced by the research and innovation
system (R&D) to businesses. Designers who follow up activities in research centres, mainly developed at
universities or public technology centres, may be eventually interested in adding value to their proposals by taking
advantage of the scientific-technical knowledge produced in the R&D system. The field work in this research
consisted of organizing a set of focus-group sessions among designers and researchers who shared similar activity
sectors.
Presentation at the UKIS User Group event held at BEIS on the 20th March 2017. Barriers to innovation.Methods, evidence and
implications for data collection.
How to market a chemicals company in China using traditional and digital media.EASTWEST Public Relations
If you are entering the China market or looking to build your brand in China within the Chemicals market, this deck will be helpful. It demonstrates the work we can do, but also includes events, key media, and a social media strategy which can be used. It also includes a schedule and budget.
You can contact us to discuss helping your company in China, or Asia.
Presentation at the UKIS User Group event held at BEIS on the 20th March 2017. Accessibility, utility and learning effects in university-business collaboration
Exploring the relationship between r&d, education and entrepreneurshipXiayu (Carol) Zeng
The study investigates the relationship between R&D, education and entrepreneurship at a global level from 2005 to 2012, by performing three types of analysis: descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and predictive analysis.
Tool/Software: IBM Cognos
Does Participation in International R&D Networks Enhance Local Dynamism?Huseyin Guler, PhD
This chapter which is in line with the global pipelines-local buzz framework addresses the collaboration
dynamics of ICT researchers from universities of an emerging economy who are mostly benefiting from
national funds and do not have dominating or core roles in international R&D networks. It provides a
novel taxonomy to identify the degree of globalisation versus localisation of ICT scientists in Turkey.
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney who is fluent in both Spanish and German. With more than a decade of experience practicing immigration law, he has successfully argued numerous cases on behalf of clients facing deportation before the Board of Immigration Appeals and the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals. In his spare time, Christopher Stender has donated his time or financial support to several charities including Homeless Outreach, Cesar Chavez School Mission, and the Florence Immigrant & Refugee Rights Project (FIRRP).
Connecting through Design: designer’s role bridging R&D and businessesMarco Ferruzca
This paper presents an exploratory study carried out in Catalonia from autumn 2007 until spring 2008, with the aim
of bringing the local design and research and innovation systems together. This research work has revealed that the
design sector can serve as a vehicle to transfer technology and knowledge produced by the research and innovation
system (R&D) to businesses. Designers who follow up activities in research centres, mainly developed at
universities or public technology centres, may be eventually interested in adding value to their proposals by taking
advantage of the scientific-technical knowledge produced in the R&D system. The field work in this research
consisted of organizing a set of focus-group sessions among designers and researchers who shared similar activity
sectors.
Presentation at the UKIS User Group event held at BEIS on the 20th March 2017. Barriers to innovation.Methods, evidence and
implications for data collection.
How to market a chemicals company in China using traditional and digital media.EASTWEST Public Relations
If you are entering the China market or looking to build your brand in China within the Chemicals market, this deck will be helpful. It demonstrates the work we can do, but also includes events, key media, and a social media strategy which can be used. It also includes a schedule and budget.
You can contact us to discuss helping your company in China, or Asia.
Presentation at the UKIS User Group event held at BEIS on the 20th March 2017. Accessibility, utility and learning effects in university-business collaboration
Exploring the relationship between r&d, education and entrepreneurshipXiayu (Carol) Zeng
The study investigates the relationship between R&D, education and entrepreneurship at a global level from 2005 to 2012, by performing three types of analysis: descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and predictive analysis.
Tool/Software: IBM Cognos
Does Participation in International R&D Networks Enhance Local Dynamism?Huseyin Guler, PhD
This chapter which is in line with the global pipelines-local buzz framework addresses the collaboration
dynamics of ICT researchers from universities of an emerging economy who are mostly benefiting from
national funds and do not have dominating or core roles in international R&D networks. It provides a
novel taxonomy to identify the degree of globalisation versus localisation of ICT scientists in Turkey.
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney who is fluent in both Spanish and German. With more than a decade of experience practicing immigration law, he has successfully argued numerous cases on behalf of clients facing deportation before the Board of Immigration Appeals and the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals. In his spare time, Christopher Stender has donated his time or financial support to several charities including Homeless Outreach, Cesar Chavez School Mission, and the Florence Immigrant & Refugee Rights Project (FIRRP).
Leadership And Cooperation In Academia. Reflecting on the Roles and Responsib...Orkestra
Leadership and Cooperation in Academia focuses on the place and the role of universities in different societies, including their influence on the socio-economic development of those societies.
Across the world academic institutions are being questioned by their stakeholders and pressured to change. Answering these questions requires that academics and professional managers in universities think about their work, its value and organisation. The book highlights the need for space and stimulus to reflect on the responsibilities, roles and expectations that they identify for themselves, and that others place upon them – then, they might be better able to understand and to act. Similarly, policymakers and higher education commentators need the space and stimulus to reflect on the role of universities. This book will provide this space and an invaluable contribution to the stimulus.
This innovative volume will be enriching to academics and professional managers who are interested in leading, managing and contributing in an academic environment. Policymakers and higher education commentators concerned with the development and impacts of universities will also find plenty of insightful information in this timely study.
Christopher Stender has been working in immigration law as an attorney since 1990, and is on the list of pro bono lawyers at the United States Department of Justice. One of Christopher Stender’s cases as an immigration attorney involved Lawrence Eneh, a native of Nigeria.
Fluent in German and Spanish, immigration attorney Christopher Stender currently handles a variety of immigration cases at his law firm, Stender and Associates, PC, in San Diego, California. To stay at the forefront of his field, immigration attorney Christopher Stender remains updated on immigration developments and legislation in California.
Christopher Stender is an immigration attorney with more than two decades of experience practicing immigration law. In conjunction with his everyday immigration law practice, Christopher Stender is also an active member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association.
Leadership is a contingent; contextual; and political henomenon. It involves, inter alia, working with power, culture, mental models, various interests.
California immigration attorney Christopher Stender earned his juris doctor at Syracuse University College of Law in 1990. Since that time, he has dedicated his career to representing citizen and non-citizen clients in U.S. immigration and naturalization matters.
Attorney Christopher Stender has practiced law for more than two decades. His work focuses primarily on immigration law. As such, Christopher Stender maintains membership with related organizations, including the State Bar of Arizona Immigration Section and American Immigration Lawyers Association.
National Innovation Systems is the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diffuse new technologies.
"Regional Innovation Trends and Policy OptionsOECD Governance
Presentation on "Regional Innovation Trends and Policy Options" made at the Seminar on "Innovations and challenges in the management of a regional policy, held in Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 22 February 2017. Presentation by Joaquim Oliveira Martins, Regional Development Policy Division, OECD.
More information: www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/innovations-and-challenges.htm
Sharpen existing tools or get a new toolbox? Contemporary cluster initiatives...Orkestra
UIIN Conference, Madrid, 27-29 May 2024
James Wilson, Orkestra and Deusto Business School
Emily Wise, Lund University
Madeline Smith, The Glasgow School of Art
El 24 de noviembre se celebró en el Kursaal la conferencia del Informe de Competitividad de 2021. A continuación se muestra la presentación utilizada durante el evento.
PLAYING THE LONG GAME: Experimenting Smart Specialisation in the Basque CountryOrkestra
Power Point presentation related to the main conclusions of the publication PLAYING THE LONG GAME: Experimenting Smart Specialisation in the Basque Country written by Edurne Magro, James Wilson, Mari Jose Aranguren, Mikel Navarro and Kevin Morgan. The work analyses the implementation of the Smart Specialisation Strategy RIS3 in The Basque Country. It focuses on the changes that had taken place since 2016 in (i) the actors involved, (ii) the activities underlying the strategy & (iii) the evaluation mechanisms.
Agustín Zubillaga, coordinador del lab de Economía Digital, habla sobre la transición digital partiendo de los aprendizajes y las reflexiones compartidas sobre las tendencias en digitalización. La tribuna parte de los principales resultados del Informe Economía y Sociedad Digitales en el País Vasco realizado por Orkestra partiendo del Índice Europeo en Digitalización (DESI). Fue publicado en la edición País Vasco de elEconomista.
En Bizkaia, la empresa industrial vasca goza de una buena salud financieraOrkestra
Las firmas guipuzcoanas y alavesas presentan menor riesgo de crédito que las vizcainas debido a su mayor economía y capacidad financiera publica Deia el 16 de febrero de 2020. Se trata de los resultados del último proyecto sobre financiación empresarial de Orkestra realizado en colaboración con el Instituto Vasco de Finanzas.
En Álava la empresa industrial vasca goza de una buena salud financieraOrkestra
Las firmas alavesas y guipuzcoanas presentan un menor riesgo de crédito que las vizcaínas debido a su mayor autonomía y capacidad financiera. Noticia publicada en Noticias de Álava el 16 de febrero dentro del proyecto sobre financiación empresarial promovido por Orkestra con la colaboración del Instituto Vasco de Finanzas.
Las empresas industriales vascas gozan de una buena salud financiera y tienen...Orkestra
Las firmas guipuzcoanas y alavesas presentan un menor riesgo de crédito que las vizcaínas debido a su mayor autonomía y capacidad financiera. Artículo publicado en Noticias de Gipuzkoa el 16 de febrero y que hace referencia a la última publicación del proyecto sobre financiación empresarial que se realiza con la financiación del Instituto Vasco de Finanzas.
Asko hitzegiten da trantsizio energetikoari buruz. Aldaketa klimatikoak norabide berri bat eskatzen du energia sare, iturri eta kontsumoari dagokionez. Nola egin aurre honi, nola ekidin pobrezia energetikoan bizi direnak are pobreago izatea. Macarena Larrea, orkestrako energia arloko aditua da, Berriako erreportai honetan trantsizioan pobrezia energetikoari dagokionez kontutan hartu beharrekoen inguruan hitzegiten du.
Colaboración y resiliencia ante el nuevo contexto competitivoOrkestra
Susana Franco, investigadora de Orkestra, aborda el DAFO de la competitividad partiendo del Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2019. En el artículo de opinión escrito para la Guía de Innovación de Estrategia Empresarial e Innobasque, señala aquellos aspectos a trabajar desde el punto de vista de resiliencia y colaboración a fin de poder hacer frente a los retos futuros.
Mari Jose Aranguren aboga por más cooperación que nunca en su artículo de opinión publicado en El Correo el 31 de diciembre de 2019. Aquí señala cuál es el contexto socioeconómico vasco actual y cómo nos tenemos que preparar ante los retos futuros en materia de envejecimiento, digitalización y transición energética entre otros aspectos.
Las pymes desaprovechan el comercio electrónicoOrkestra
Cinco Días cubre en un extenso reportaje las principales conclusiones del informe sobre el estado de la digitalización en Euskadi, "Economía y sociedad digitales en el País Vasco" (DESI 2018)
Euskadi ya tiene 16.000 empresas exportadoras, el doble que hace 10 añosOrkestra
El ‘Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2018’, elaborado por Orkestra –Instituto Vasco de Competitividad– destaca, como un rasgo notable, que a pesar de la recuperación de la demanda interna española a partir de 2017 "las empresas vascas no se hayan concentrado en el mercado español y hayan mostrado un comportamiento exportador tan positivo". El colectivo exportador vasco supone más del 22% de las empresas con asalariados y concentra alrededor de un 9% de las exportaciones totales españolas.
La mitad de los vascos que trabajan ahora estarán jubilados en 2030Orkestra
¿Cómo hacer frente a ese envejecimiento de la población y a la falta de relevo generacional?El Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2019 recoge los claroscuros del envejecimiento de la población dese el punto de vista de la necesidad creciente de atracción del talento a las oportunidades que ofrecerá la economía plateada. Diario Vasco lo recoge en este amplio reportaje.
Accede a la presentación del Informe de Competitividad del País Vasco 2019. Allí encontrarás los principales puntos tratados a lo largo de la Conferencia de Competitividad en lo que respecta al Diagnóstico y al cuaderno de competencias. Ikus ezazu Lehiakortasunerako txostenari buruz egindako aurkezpena. Bertan aurkituko dituzu zeintzuk diren gure erronkak.
Redes inteligentes para la transición energética. Iván Martén, presidente de ...Orkestra
Las redes inteligentes son una fuente de oportunidad desde el punto de vista de la competitividad del País Vasco. Su desarrollo no supondrá sólo la mejora de la eficiencia en términos económicos, sino que también desde el punto de vista del bienestar, las redes inteligentes contribuirán a disminuir los efectos medioambientales y a que el consumidor tome un papel activo a la hora de gestionar su energía. Orkestra, Tecnalia y el Ente Vasco de la Energía (EVE) celebran el 2 y 3 de octubre las jornadas JIEEC sobre redes inteligentes/smartgrids. Este es el discurso de apertura de Iván Martén, presidente de Orkestra.
Las empresas de Gipuzkoa son las que mayor rentabilidad tienen de la CAVOrkestra
Las empresas de Gipuzkoa se muestran más rentables en comparación con otros territorios como Bizkaia o Álava. Se trata de uno de los principales resultados del Observatorio Económico Financiero de la Empresa Vasca que Orkestra realiza, en colaboración con el Instituto Vasco de Finanzas. Las conclusiones y recomendaciones sobre este trabajo se recogen en este artículo de Noticias de Gipuzkoa publicado el 14 de julio de 2019.
La rentabilidad de las empresas alavesas coincide con la media de las firmas ...Orkestra
Las empresas alavesas se situan entre las guipuzcoanas y las vizcaínas en lo que respecta a su rentabilidad. Esta es una de las conclusiones del Observatorio Económico Financiero de la Empresa Vasca, que Orkestra realiza junto con la colaboración del Instituto Vasco de Finanzas. El artículo publicado en Noticias de Álava recoge la situación de las empresas alavesas y las compara según su tamaño.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
1. Divergent Impacts of Global
and Local Cooperation on
Innovation : Key Insights
from Spain
EURAM Conference
5th June 2014
Henar Alcalde
M.D. Parrilli
3. Introduction
• The literature on innovation management has been
largely concerned about external knowledge flows
and innovation outcomes (Kline and Rosenberg,
1986; Teece and Pisano, 1997; Teece, 2007).
• In the current era of globalization, firms are
involved in a Schumpeterian competition:
– rapidly evolving industries
– where competitive capabilities are transitory
– opportunities are quickly closed by competitors
4. Introduction
• Firms must obtain relevant knowledge flows in
order to develop new and effective innovations
with continuity.
• Complementarily, firms must balance their
capacity to develop know-how with the ability to
introduce new products in the market.
– This evidence suggests the importance of exploring how
collaboration practices mediate in such a process.
5. Introduction
• Understanding the impact of collaboration practices
remains an important and under-researched topic
– what aspects of OI activities make this concept effective
according to the selection of partners
– what type of networks favor innovation
• In this paper we want to contribute to this debate
by providing evidence of the types of agents that
most effectively help firms to develop different
types of innovation.
6. Research Question
• We add new insights in three relevant areas of
business innovation studies. Our main
contributions arise from:
1. Impact on a complete set of innovation outputs (i.e.
product, process, organization and commercial) of both
scientific and market types of collaboration (within and
outside the supply chain).
2. Specific attention to the geographical dimension (regional
vs extra -regional) of the different partnerships
3. Panel data from the Basque Country (Spain) from 2005
to 2011. This enables us to move beyond previous
studies on cross-sectional data, considering the economic
recession.
7. Hypotheses 1: Scientific
collaboration
• The scientific-type of interaction does not usually
focus on commercial exploitation, but on
exploring new technological opportunities.
• Scientific knowledge resources should be unique,
relevant and based on new basic knowledge.
• The access to this type of sources entails high
expenditures related to transaction costs,
opportunity costs, and management time costs.
8. Hypotheses 1: Scientific
collaboration
• Scientific collaboration at REGIONAL
LEVEL is likely to entail well-known
scientific resources and homogeneous
educational patterns.
• This situation is likely to limit the novelty
of the knowledge-based interaction.
– Homogeneity of the codified and scientific
knowledge bases.
– Constrains the firm ability to develop
technological innovations.
– Firms are more likely to exploit traditional
knowledge resources by improving internal
organizational management.
9. Hypotheses 1: Scientific
collaboration
• Scientific collaboration at INTER-
REGIONAL LEVEL might be associated with
diverse scientific sources
• Provide heterogeneous sources of
advanced codified knowledge
– More likely to promote technological
innovation.
– Codified nature of scientific knowledge is not
context-specific and does not require personal
interaction and face-to-face contact.
10. Hypotheses 1: Scientific
collaboration
• H1a: “Distance in scientific
collaboration induces technological
innovation”.
• H1b: “Proximity in scientific
collaboration does not induce
technological innovation, but it might
support non-technological types of
innovation”.
11. Hypotheses 2: Market-based
collaboration (within SC)
• Partners face common practical problems
and experiences
• Directly related to problem-solving
• Exploit their current knowledge pool and
new incremental process and product
solutions
• Specific contextual knowledge and know-
how
12. Hypotheses 2: Market-based
collaboration (within SC)
• Market collaboration within the SC at
REGIONAL LEVEL might be associated to
homogeneous ‘tacit’ knowledge that:
– Would lead to competence traps, lack of
novel sources and over-specialization lock-
ins.
– Myopia by restricting their innovation
output to current technological
combinations
– Importance of tacit knowledge flows (e.g.
learning-by-doing and learning-by-using)
13. Hypotheses 2: Market-based
collaboration (within SC)
• Market collaboration within the SC at
INTER-REGIONAL LEVEL might be
associated to dissimilar knowledge
– May maximize the returns on specialization
and complementary spillovers in different
markets
– Capture knowledge and information
spillovers from different markets
– Overcome intrinsic lock-in risks
– Generate a significant effect on
technological innovations.
14. Hypotheses 2: Market-based
collaboration (within SC)
• H2a: “Distance in supply-chain
collaboration mainly induces
technological innovation”
• H2b: “Proximity in supply-chain
collaboration does not induce
technological innovation, but it might
induce non-technological innovation”
15. Hypotheses 3: Market-based
collaboration (outside SC)
• Market collaboration with competitors focus
on carrying out basic research and establish
standards
• Knowledge spillovers are more an unintended
consequence of the relationship
• Fear of helping rivals and the lack of trust are
the main barriers
• Common values and problem sharing is not
enough to encourage the exchange of specific
knowledge and information inputs.
16. Hypotheses 3: Market-based
collaboration (outside SC)
• Market collaboration with competitors at
REGIONAL LEVEL might be associated to
– Generate trust among competitors, to
identify common goals
– Informal interactions based on face-to-face
contacts
– Implies repeated interactions around the
current knowledge patterns
– May lead to overspecialization
17. Hypotheses 3: Market-based
collaboration (outside SC)
• Market collaboration with competitors at
INTER-REGIONAL LEVEL might be
associated to
– Fail in generating trustful relationships
– Need to invest in informal interactions
based on face-to-face contacts
– Hinder the transfer of tacit knowledge with
the subsequent negative impact on
innovation.
18. Hypotheses 3: Market-based
collaboration (outside SC)
• H3a: “Proximity in collaboration with
competitors induces non-technological
innovation”
• H3b: “Distance in collaboration with
competitors does not induce
technological innovation”
19. Sample
– The source of the empirical analysis is
the Innovation Survey (CIS).
– Firm-level panel of data compiled by
Eustat (Basque Institute of Statistics)
– Period from 2005 to 2011
– The panel contains 1431firms during the
7-year period
21. Conclusion
– Global partnerships, both scientific and supply
chain-based, are likely to be the most relevant
drivers of disruptive innovation (technological
innovation)
– Local and regional collaborations are more
likely to generate a higher impact on
incremental/non-technological innovation.
– The higher local/regional impact on
incremental process and organizational and
commercial innovation rely more on tacit
knowledge flows that benefit from learning-by-
doing and learning-by-interacting.
Editor's Notes
1. Rodriguez Pose and Fitjar (2013) focus on product and process innovation. Laursen adn Salter (2006) focus on innovation performance, not innovation output. Nieto and Santamaría (2007) just focus on product innovation.
2. Laursen adn Salter(2006) and Nieto and Santamaría (2007) do not take into account the geographical perspective.
3. Rodriguez Pose and Fitjar (2013) analyzed a 2 year period
Firms are more likely to exploit traditional knowledge resources (homogeneous codified scientific knowledge) by improving internal organizational management (commercialization and organizational aspects): market studies, organizational studies..
it´s homogeneous because they share the same problems, the same market, and the same opportunities.
Regional has a minor impact due to face to face interactions and trust relationships. However distance in collaboration with competitors (inter.reg) hinder a positive impact on innovation due to the difficulty to build trust relationships (due to face to face interactions).