Accounting Information System Essay

Accounting Information System Essay
Introduction The application of Accounting Information Systems has become widespread among
enterprises in Australia due to improved affordability and efficiency resulting from their technical
power. The vendors have moved from desktop systems to cloud accounting, and it has led to a
challenge of selection and implementation to customers and users. This paper offers a synthesis of
literature on AIS in Australia, its history, development, and adoption, analysis of the current market
size and how the leaders in the market have managed to carve out their competitive advantage.
There are also gaps in the sector, in particular for customers. Hence the paper also provides
recommendations.
History
At the beginning of computerization, accounting software was automated and mainly included
modules such as accounts receivable, payroll, accounts payable and the general ledger. McMickle
(1989) provides that accountants were the only professionals who first used IT–related systems. Late
in the 1970s, increase technical accounting issues led to the use of technical assistants who
developed and maintained AIS for organizations resulting in the emergence of the system
information sector within accounting. In the 1990s, resources–events–agents (REA) were initiated
and with database technology advancement, new accounting models emerged (Walker and Denna,
1997). AIS could capture data which sometimes was not financial related accounting hence REA led
to applications for detailed business
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Questions On Strategic Information Systems
STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
SUBMITTED TO
DR. OSAMA
LECTURER
STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
HI5019
HOLMES INSTITUTE
SUBMITTED BY
PRADIP BHATTARAI (ID: EMV20640)
HOLMES INSTITUTE
TRIMESTER 3
Table of Content
Introduction: 3
History of the accounting software in Australia: 3
Market size of the accounting software: 4
Information about the Myob: 4
Value of Total size of accounting software: 4
Advantages of this accounting software used in Australia: 5
Service Gap at user forum: 5
Recommendations: 5
Conclusion: 6
References and Bibliography: 7
Appendices: 8 Introduction:
According to Curtis (2015), accounting software is useful for every organisation to manage financial
calculations and monetary aspects of the organisations. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Abhayawansa & Guthrie (2014), Australia has become so much dependent on the
advanced technologies and computing system to enhance the business. Most of the Business owners
have become depended on the computers for the calculating process in these days. The Australian
business owners are also in the same path in these days.
From the ancient age, business owners of this country are using accounting software for the
improvements of the business process. As per the opinion of Lim & Perrin (2014), the processes of
using the accounting software in Australia were same as the Egyptians used for their business. In

1964, this country adopted the accounting software for the financial transactions as well as monetary
functions of the company. In 1974, business owners of the organisations were using the process of
accounting, which was popular among the Egyptians, which were used in 3000 years ago. In the
modern days, various accounting software are used among the business owners to calculate financial
aspects and to reduce human errors in calculations (Van Akkeren, Buckby & MacKenzie, 2013).
Market size of the accounting software:
In most of the cases, business owners are using accounting software in these days in Australia.
Accounting software are used in the different sectors such as banking, book keeping,

M1: Compare the Benefits of Using Manual and Computerised...
Unit 8: Computer and computerised accounting system
M1: Compare the benefits of using manual and computerised accounting system to record business
transactions.
In this assignment I will be comparing the benefit of using manual and computerised accounting
system to record business transactions.
Accounting software available
Microsoft Excel
Features: Excel allows users to auto sum where it helps you to add the contents of a column of
adjacent cells. This is easier for businesses because they don't have to add up the contents by their
self's and it's less likely for them to make a mistake. List auto fill allows you to automatically extend
the cells, where it allows you to make new changes rather than starting again. Auto fill is ... Show
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Businesses that use Sage: Accountants, flowerets, Bookkeepers, entrepreneurs, manufactures and
etc...
Quick books
Features: Quick books is a software that is easy to set up and learn to use. Quick books organize
your businesses finances all under one file which is easy to locate information on. Quick books is
allows businesses to easily create invoices, observe sales & expenses that the business is
making. Quick books make sure that they get reliable records for tax time as this is a benefit for the
business. Quick book also manages and stores customer, supplier, and employee information safely.
Quick books allows businesses to online banking without using paper.
Businesses that use it: Retailers, supermarkets, entrepreneurs, accountants, students.
E.F.T.A.P.S: Electronic Funds Transfer At Point sale.
Features: E.F.T.A.P.S helps people pay for good by transferring money from there bank cards to the
businesses instead of using cash. E.F.T.A.P.S makes sure that the customer's credit or debit card is
read by a card reader when it's being swiped when the customer is purchasing a product. E.F.T.A.P.S
allows customers to receive request which are sent by the bank requesting them authorisation of the
payment. Therefore if approval is given by the customer to the business, money from the customer's
account are transferred into the businesses account. E.F.T.A.P.S allows people not have to withdraw
any money out of the bank

Cooks Emporium Is A Small Retail Business Operating Out Essay
Cooks Emporium is a small retail business operating out of Main Street in Downtown Ames. It has
been in operation for around 30 years, and serves the Ames community with quality and creative
kitchenware to suit every need. Because of its roots in community oriented cooking, it also operates
cooking classes open to the public so that everyone can share in the delicious knowledge that has
been accumulated through decades of cooking through its members.
Even though Cooks Emporium has been in business for a few decades amongst massive
technological changes, it has managed to attempt the use of information systems to suit its needs.
However, because the operation is small and has a simple but main mission to spread the joy of
cooking, the owners and employees have not been able to efficiently utilize the proper information
systems to ensure smooth operation of the business.
On a high level, the main information system within Cooks Emporium can be divided up into the
different functional areas that all come together to assure that the business can fully operate. Cooks
Emporium employs the use of accounting systems (Mainly outsourced), communication systems,
payment processing systems, and also inventory management information systems. All of these
functional areas come together to form the main connected information system (As represented in
the Context Diagram). Inevitably, when one area of the information system starts to fail with what it
can offer, it can start to

Acc205 Final Paper
Final Paper
Matthew Duncan
ACC205: Principles of Accounting 1
LaKeitha Givens
June 13, 2011
Final Paper
What makes a large organization like Wal–Mart financially successful? One could say it is the result
of outstanding personnel or perhaps a strong determination to succeed. These factors certainly
contribute. However the key to financial success in organizations lies in good accounting. Since
early civilization began, accounting has been an important part of our financial transactions. In
today's world our use of modern accounting systems and accurate financial statements are critical
components that make modern organizations successful. To facilitate understanding of this point one
must understand how ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As organizations utilize software and the internet together to make transactions and complete
accounting functions, the threat of cybercrime comes into play. "Cyber crime against private
business is growing, and consuming a larger share of Federal Bureau of Investigation resources than
ever before..." (Kelly, M., & 42 staff, 2011) Modern organizations that utilize technology must
now use their resources to protect themselves from malicious cybercrime activities. A "hacker"
could illegally intrude into an organizations information network and use accounting software to
mine information and steal assets at a relatively low risk of being caught. With new threats
introduced in the accounting environment, modern organizations now must work hard to safeguard
information that was not at such a risk prior to new technology. Outside threats are a real danger to
accounting functions in modern organizations, but other dangers to success lie from within.
"Accounting is the information system that measures business activity, processes the data into
reports, and communicates the results to decision makers." (Horngren & Harrison, 2007, p. 4)
Decision makers within an organization need accurate accounting information to manage
organizational activities and turn these efforts into success. Internal accounting accuracy plays just
as important of a role outside of internal

Quickbook Advantages And Disadvantages
QuickBooks
According to Warren et al., one of the essential parts of successfully running a firm is keeping
accurate financial records (3). It is the primary role of the firm's management to hire skilled
bookkeepers or accountants to provide the stakeholders of the company with the correct financial
reports. However, nowadays, the preferred method of maintaining the books of accounting is
through the use of accounting software (computerized computer systems) such as QuickBooks, a
product offered by Intuit, primarily marketed to small enterprises and non–profit making
organizations. Apparently, the software has assisted in streamlining most of the accounting tasks by
ensuring reliable financial results to the users. Nevertheless, like anything else, QuickBooks has its
advantages and disadvantages as outlined below.
One of the advantages with QuickBooks is that it is easy to use and requires minimal knowledge.
The main problem with the accounting concepts is that they are hard and cumbersome to learn and
apply (Warren et al. 52). However, the developers of QuickBooks designed the software in a way
that it is easy to understand even for the individuals without any financial or accounting background.
That is, unlike the manual accounting procedures which demand significant knowledge and
experience in accounting concepts, QuickBooks is programmed in a way that the user needs to enter
the transactions, and other accounting procedures are automated, giving accurate results.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Accounting Software
ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE'S Software's that records of accounting transaction in a convenient
manner. The first software designed for accounting purposes was for basic computations and
accumulation of numbers in early days, computing systems added and subtracted numbers to help
business organizations to keep their financial information. As advancement in capabilities, complex
systems were used to record financial transactions. Software's has made a huge difference in the
history of accounting. In the early days people used to record transactions by writing step by step. It
would be easy in the small business but it would be hectic for the larger organizations. The
development of software's has made all the business organizations to record transactions ... Show
It uses a double–entry book keeping system which was initially made for personal finances but now
it has been updated with features for small organizations. Though this software now has been
upgraded, still it has some downfall such as it doesn't include inventory management and does not
support sales system. It also allows importing QuickBooks data (types of software no.1).
ADVANTAGES OF ACCOUNTING SOFTWARES CONTROL – An accounting software can
provide management with internal controls to record financial transactions in a consistent manner. It
also ensures that someone authorized person is doing the task that helps to prevent from fraud and
abuse. COST REDUCTION & PROFIT MAXIMIZATION – Because of a good accounting system,
it provides accurate information from which business organization can identify and reduce cost and
maintain profit margins. EFFICIENCY – With the software's on each employee's computer, they can
easily access different data's spending less time rather than searching and running more time in the
business. SPEED– By the use of accounting software, the entire process for preparing accounts
becomes faster. Furthermore, statements can be generated easily within a short period of

Business Accounting Methods : Cash Vs. Accrual Essay
Using the wrong accounting method
There are two main business accounting methods: cash vs accrual.
Cash accounting is the much simpler method and the method that most small start–up businesses
will use because it is based on the actual flow of your cash in and out of the business. Cash basis
accounting does a good job of tracking cash flow, but it does a poor job of matching revenues
earned with money laid out for expenses. This deficiency is a problem, particularly when, as it often
happens, a company buys the inventory in one month and sells that inventory in the next month.
Accrual accounting simply means that it just disregards the actual exchange of cash and records
income and expenses as they occur. Accrual accounting is the method to use if there will be any
form of accounts receivable or accounts payable.
If you are using the wrong accounting method for your business it is likely to cause big problems
with your accounting, profits and yes, even those dreaded taxes.
Example of cash vs accrual:
A customer comes into your repair shop and needs front and back brakes and rotors. Under the cash
method, you do the repairs and the customer hands you a credit card (or check or even a stack of
cash). You record it into your point of sale system and the money is recorded as revenue. But if the
customer has an account with your business and doesn't hand you the money until the beginning of
the next month the transaction will not be recorded as revenue until

Essay on Audit Proposal
Audit Proposal–Kudler Fine Foods Previously Kudler Fine Foods had asked accounting firm 123
Accounting for their recommendation on a system which would improve automation in their
business processes. Accounting firm 123 Accounting provided Kudler with a recommended course
of action to take towards automating their accounting information system, as well as provided a
flowchart to assist in describing the process by which the software will help management
consolidate their financial data. Currently Kudler is asking accounting firm 123 Accounting for a
proposal for audit schedules for the systems previously mentioned. This report will briefly outline
an audit proposal, from 123 Accounting , on the previously analyzed systems to ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
From these two recommendations alone, and since Kudler is not a particularly large company (all of
their business processes are handled internally), only three of the four different types of IT audits
should be used to audit the business processes.
Payroll/AP/AR
Many companies choose to outsource many of their payroll/AP/AR functions to an outside
company. Because of this, an SAS 70 audit is needed to ensure that the outside company that is
performing these services is following the correct guidelines and that their computer systems are up
to date and up to standards. Kudler, however, takes care of everything internally and does not utilize
an outside company for these functions. Because of this, only attestation and an SAS 94 audit would
be utilized for each department. A data analytical review (attestation) would be required to ensure
that the numbers are reasonable and an SAS 94 audit would ensure the physical and logical security
of the business functions.
Inventory
Kudler's inventory department would differ from the other departments in that it would require a
compliance review as well as a data analytical review and an SAS 94 audit. Besides the fact that the
computer systems needed for inventory have to be tested for physical and logical control, and the
inventory data needs to be tested for correctness, the physical stock room needs to be in compliance
with OSHA regulations. If it is not, employees could be risking serious injury

Strategic Information System : Individual Assignment
HOLMES INSTITUTE
FACULTY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
HI5019 Strategic Information System: Individual Assignment
Topic:
Accounting Software
Used in Australia
Name: Teo Kok Leong
Student ID: EDI 2187
History
Accounting has existed since the ancient civilisation, from three thousand years ago in Egypt all the
way to the modern world today. It always has been applied and done enormously. As growing in
global business trade, accounting has come to a stage where it cannot be managed by single owners.
Besides that, when a business is run by more than one person, a system for documenting
transactions is needed to monitor the cash. In the mid of 1980, IBM launched the PC. The
consequent is rapid evolution of paperless monitor ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Australia, there is $2.9 billlion revenue annually for accounting software market. The major
players are Atlassian Corporation Pty Ltd (27.8% market share, $806 million), followed by MYOB
Group Limited (14.1% market share, $409 milliom), Xero Limited (12% markets, $348 million).
(Footer, no date)
Xero Limited is the third largest accounting software in Australia. It was founded by Rod Drury and
his personal accountant because they felt that traditional desktop accounting software had become
obsolete and determined to create a modern cloud–based product. Xero Limited was officially
established in 2006 in Wellington, New Zealand's capital where its global headquarters are still
located. The company then entered the Australian market and the United Kingdom in 2008 and
United States in 2011.
Today, Xero is a New Zealand–based software company and its core business is cloud–based
accounting software for small and medium–sized businesses. The company has offices in New
Zealand, Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and Singapore. It is also listed on both
the New Zealand Exchange and Australian Securities Exchange. Its products are based on the
software as a service (SaaS) model and sold by subscription, based on the type and number of

company entities managed by the subscriber. Its products are used in over 180 different countries. In
2015, Xero has achieved a subscription revenue $115 million, which is 81% increase in revenue
from the previous

The Basics Of IT Infrastructure For Entrepreneurs
NOTES – Introduction – IT USE IN BUSINESS Information Technology is inseparable from
business operations and strategy. A survey conducted by the Small Business Administration in 2003
gives the statistic that 75% of small businesses have heavily invested in computing technology. This
is an important and good trend, because the growth of IT has introduced methods and has facilitated
the implementation of new business models. The traditional view of IT is that it is an enabler of
efficient processing of routine operational activities and some specialized tasks have been
automated. This makes it possible for in entrepreneurs and Small to Medium Size business to gain
tremendous time efficiencies and reduce the need for specialized skills. This development has
allowed SME 's streamline operations, improve productivity and enhance their customers experience
before and after sales. IT has permeated every aspect of the business enterprise from planning
strategy, to operations and implementation. The big question is how entrepreneurs align IT and
Strategy? Business Objectives and Goals – Business Scorecard in determining business strategy
Value Chain in determining business strategy – Primary Activities and Secondary Activities With the
proliferation of Devices, Platforms and Applications, what is an entrepreneur to do? The Basics of
IT The basics of IT Infrastructure for Entrepreneurs – Computing Hardware (Desktops, Laptops,
Notebooks, Tablets, Smart Phones, other

Example Of Perdisco Accounting
PERDISCO ASSIGNMENT HELP:
In almost every college or universities of management, student's requisite to study General
Accounting and Financial Accounting. Perdisco Assignment help services are e–learning source
which assist management students in order to gain knowledge regarding their relevant subjects.
Nowadays, most of the business schools/colleges utilized Perdisco for online accounting tutoring as
Blackboard teaching has countless technical dilemma. Once the student has finished answering the
accounting problems, the practice set offered by Perdisco then provides a high class response and
description of the relevant concepts.
Perdisco Accounting software is admired by many countries. In accounting courses, the practice sets
of Perdisco like Peachtree (now Sage 50) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
c) You can upload your accounting assignment problem on our site and we can assure you for the A
grade, plagiarized free solution with a reasonable price.
We assist you in achieving high grades in Perdisco graded homework questions:
In order to score high in the Perdisco practice sets, each and every student have two chances to try
the problems. If you are not able to score good grades in the practice set, then no need to worry, you
have the next chance of trying your accounting assignment problem to achieve good grade. We can
definitely assist you in achieving good grade in your Perdisco accounting assignment problems.
From some preceding years, our skilled tutors have offered assistance to numerous accounting
students who did not score good grades in their first attempt of Perdisco practice set. Our experts
assist students by providing them step by step Perdisco accounting solutions along with
comprehensive well–described feedback. This is somewhat like having an on demand trainer who
assists you in your Perdisco practice set in order to accomplish your dream of scoring good grades
in

Accounting Software For A Business Essay
Individual Assignment
Name: Altaf Gohar
Roll no: EAB2389
Accounting Software/Packages used in Australia
Accounting is referred as an art of collecting, classifying, and manipulating financial data for
organizations and individuals. It is also used to determine financial stability or financial health of
organizations. Accounting is the language of business and figures and is widely used as a means of
communication for financial world, without it businesses cannot survive. It is important because it
helps in analyzing, decision making, information disclosure and it also helps in finding out the
frauds and in avoiding them.
According to the research of (Huang and Palvia, 2001) "there is an increasing need to implement a
total business solution which supports major functionalities of a business. Enterprise resource
planning (ERP) software is designed to meet this need, and has been widely adopted by
organizations in developed countries. Meanwhile, ERP is beginning to appear in many organizations
of developing countries". In Australia small and medium enterprises does not comply with the
accounting principles because they have no legal obligation to do so, but they must comply with
taxation provisions. The research of (Dyt and Halabi, 2007) proved very fruit full for knowing about
micro and small businesses in this almost 121 small and micro businesses were studied. According
to this research micro businesses in Australia still rely on manual processes or methods whereas
small

Computerized Accounting Functions and Organizations...
TYPES OF COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS By Kathy Adams McIntosh, eHow
Contributor Businesses use financial information to create statements and to file income tax returns
at the end of the year. Some businesses use manual accounting systems, but many businesses opt for
computerized accounting systems to simplify the process and reduce errors. Businesses can choose
between different types of computerized accounting systems. 1. Purpose * A computerized
accounting system serves many purposes for the business owner. It improves accuracy, enhances
reporting capabilities and simplifies recording. Accuracy increases because math processes occur
automatically without human error. The business owner can record each transaction in the ... Show
At the end of each period, nominal accounts are wiped clean and their values relegated to real
accounts. An Explanation of Accounting System Tracking of Revenue & Expenses By Alan Li,
eHow Contributor Nominal accounts are closed out at the end of each accounting time period. In
accounting, the accounts that record the values of individual items and phenomenons can be divided
into either real or nominal accounts. Real accounts are used to keep up to date on lasting items such
as assets, liabilities, and equities. In contrast, nominal accounts are used to keep up to date on
certain phenomenon such as revenues and expenses within a set time period. At the end of each
period, nominal accounts are wiped clean and their values relegated to real accounts. 1. Cash and
Accrual Bases * Almost all accounting is done on either a cash or an accrual basis. Cash and
accounting bases differ on when revenues and expenses are recognized. Recognition means to
record the transaction on the accounts in acknowledgment of its occurrence. Cash basis recognizes
revenues and expenses when cash or cash equivalents are either received or paid out for either. In
contrast, accrual basis recognizes revenues and expenses at the times of their occurrences. Revenue
Recognition * Accrual basis accounting attempts to recognize revenues and expenses at the times of

Essay On Information Management
The purpose of this report is to provide the best recovery alternatives for a company to safe–guard
accounting information systems in case of natural disaster. As the company's region is situated in a
Natural disaster high–risk area, the loss of sensitive information for the company can and must be
prevented. Nowadays companies that are exposed to such a risk can minimize their loss using the
latest technology to store data and software: the cloud environment. Migrating software platforms
and data information for a cloud environment is paramount for a company not only to avoid loss of
data, but it will bring also future benefits: reduce IT internal area necessities (people and
investments) and the timing necessary to restart the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Considering that the company is in an area with high risk of natural disasters, the main objective of
this report is to present alternatives for the fast recover of accounting data and all information
necessary for the continuity of a company's operations in a case of a natural disaster. The report will
analyse the data recovery alternatives and compare: the use of On–Premise backup and cloud
resources and; the use of software as a service (SaaS) with software installed on workstations.
Throughout the report it will be presented a conclusion and recommendations for choosing the right
software and data backup's platform in a safer environment and how these recommendations will
help a company for a rapid recovery and continuity of its operations after a natural disaster. 3. The
Alternatives for Data Storage Backup 3.1. On Site Backup/ Internal Servers– The Origin of Data
Storage With the computer invention and all its effects on the routine of a company, electronically
created data needed to be stored and the traditional way to store data was through internal servers,
which stored all the information created related to the company's operations. This server was
installed within the company. The control over the information was under full control of the
company and its staff. To keep this complex internal information storage system, it is necessary high
investments in

Software Development Cost Analysis
FASB defines research as planned search or investigation to discover new knowledge; it defines
development as the translation of research findings into a plan or design. Under US GAAP, both
research and development costs are expensed as incurred. While under IFRS (IAS 38), costs
associated with the creation of intangible assets are classified into research phase costs and
development phase costs. Costs in the research phase are always expensed (PWC, pg. 6–7).
However, IFRS has broad–based guidance that requires companies to capitalize development
expenditures, including internal costs, when certain criteria are met (KPMG). Further differences
might exist in such areas as software development costs, where US GAAP provides specific detailed
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
6–8). For an asset to have alternative use, it must be reasonably expected (greater than a 50%
chance) that an entity will achieve economic benefit from such alternative use and further
development is not needed at the acquisition date to use the asset (E&Y, pg. 6–9).While under IFRS,
acquired research and development assets are capitalized if it is probable that they will have future
economic benefits. The price paid reflects expectations about the probability that the future
economic benefits of the asset will flow to the entity. The probability recognition criterion is always
assumed to be met for separately acquired intangible assets (E&Y, pg. 6–9). The starting point for
companies applying IFRS is to differentiate between costs that are related to 'research' activities
versus those related to 'development' activities. According to KPMG, while the definition of what
constitutes 'research' versus 'development' is very similar between IFRS and US GAAP, neither
provides a bright line on separating the two. Instead, a company needs to develop processes and
controls that allow it to make that distinction based on the nature of different activities. To analyse
the differences in accounting under IFRS and US GAAP, it can be better understood with the
example. The Boeing Company follows

Questions On Cloud Accounting Strategy
MYOB Cloud Accounting Strategy Prepared for Partners of Xer Accounting Prepared by Andres
Quinonez Practice Manager 5 May 2015 Xer Accounting 10 Nairn Street MILTON QLD 4064
www.XerAccounting.com 5 may 2015 Partners of Xer Accounting 10 Nairn Street MILTON QLD
4064 Dear Partners of Xer Accounting Here is the report Xer Accounting's partners requested (15
March 2015) on MYOB cloud accounting strategy with the revision of the viability on investing in
this new technology to make it an integral part of the working relationship with their clients. I have
clarified what cloud accounting is and detailed which services cloud accounting provider can offer
to their customers. Also explained which ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We require you to define and give adequate description of Cloud Accounting. As well as include a
discussion of the benefits and problems with Cloud Accounting and information on costs. In
addition give to us an example of the use of Cloud in other accounting firms. The partners of Xer
Accounting require this report to be submitted by 5 May 2015. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive
summary 5 1.0 Introduction 6 2.0 Cloud Accounting definition 6 2.1 Cloud services 6 2.2 Cloud
deployment models 6 3.0 Benefits and Risks of cloud accounting 7 3.1 Benefits 7 3.2 Risks 7 4.0
Information on costs 7 5.0 Use of Cloud Accounting in other firms 8 5.1 Kregel & Company CPA 8
6.0 Conclusion 8 7.0 Recommendations 8 8.0 Bibliography 10 Executive summary The purpose of
this report is to analyses the viability on investing in cloud accounting technology with MYOB
emphasizing in the working relationship between Xer Accounting and clients. . the method used
includes a definition of cloud accounting, deepening on the services that providers offer and
differentiating deployment models they use. Benefits are

Accounting And Computer : The Summa By Lucia Pacioli Essay
Abstract
Nowadays, accounting and computers are interrelated with each other. Almost every business or
people depend on computer for their day to day work, for many of us it has also become a part of
our life. But on those days when computer were not in used for doing the business transaction or
recording the financial notes, it was really hard to track assets and liabilities and to find out the
actual profit and loss.
Until 1974, the pattern of doing accounting was same as ancient Egyptians had started doing it 3000
years before. People during 1980's didn't even believe that they need computers. Gradually
accounting style started to migrate from Europe to the middle east and then west. As the business
grows bigger and is run by more than one person, it needs systematic way to monitor the cash. Then
the Double Entry System took a birth in Italy in 13th century, which got more popular after the
publicity of book called 'The Summa' by the writer Lucia Pacioli (known as father of accounting).
However, the change in technology didn't made any differences until the price of computers became
really cheap. There was a time before the days of Microsoft or PCs when Mark Silberman,
managing director of AccFin, used to lease out the firm's computer at R900/hour to break even. But
in mid–1980's IBM launched the PC, which took the rapid evolution on accounting system from
paper based to spreadsheets.
Accounting history of Australia
But talking about Australian accounting history,

An Example Of An Unsuccessful Merger : Causes Of A...
Another example of an unsuccessful merger involves internet giant America Online (AOL) and
media conglomerate Time Warner. The merger deal occurred in 2000 and is still known as the
largest and worst merger deal in American business history at $165 billion. The deal was presented
as an equal merger but AOL, holding more valuable stock, essentially acquired Time Warner which
resulted in AOL owning 55% of the new company. The proposed vision of the merger was that
combining the businesses would benefit from the synergies in technological infrastructure,
consumer reach, and operations. The merger was to give Time Warner the ability to digitize its
content and reach out to a new online audience. As a trade–off, AOL wanted to access Time
Warner's cable systems, giving rise to innovative broadband capability and additional content to
provide to it 27 million subscribers. By 2002, the companies experienced a net loss of nearly $99
billion. By 2010, the companies cut their losses and separated indefinitely. Reasons for the
unsuccessful merger can be traced back to the inability to correctly evaluate organizational
compatibility as well as the poor execution of growth strategies. Because of economic downturns
during the period of merging, both companies experienced a decrease its advertisers and subscribers.
This only escalated through a clash in business cultures as executives and employees resisted
implementing the new growth strategies put in place. There was also a negative

Accounting Software Example
Table of Contents
OBJECTIVES 3
BUSINESS INTRODUCTION 3
ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE 3
ADVANTAGES 4
COMMUNICATION 4
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 4
SALES MANAGEMENT 5
INVENTORY CONTROL (IC) 5
HUMAN RESOURCES (HR) 5
DISADVANATGES 5
ANALYSIS OF DATA 6
SUMMARY 6
Bibliography 7
OBJECTIVES
In this assignment I will review the accounting software appropriate to the outlined hypothetical
company. On the one hand, I will consider advantages and disadvantages of the software which are
relevant to the proper management of the company. On the other hand I will demonstrate the
relevant connection of the accounting software to the financial management of the company.
BUSINESS INTRODUCTION
Emfibia Limited is a medium size manufacturing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sales management is connected with purchasing management and inventory control to provide
better analysis of the data. The software supports controls of purchasing materials, orders, goods
receipt and payment.
INVENTORY CONTROL (IC)
The inventory control in Emfibia Limited is another important area. The company has to have
organised importation by having large numbers of inventory. Therefore, the company can start
losing the capital. This is why they require appropriate analysis with stock valuation and the
movement of the goods. Sage ERP X3 runs on similar principles to manual ones, but this software is

more flexible and it is possible to receive the information in real time. Inventory Control is closely
connected with the manufacturing management. The software uses Kanban method of Just–in–Time
production. The information can be grouped by cost centres, price lists. The important tool is to
forecast the future cost. When the company will prepare new production in six months time, the
software can analyze the actual cost of the production.
HUMAN RESOURCES (HR)
When company has 240 employees it needs an efficient HR Management. Emfibia Limited provides
a variety of salaries, contracts and benefits for the employees. Sage has all the important covered
with applications necessary for Personnel Management, Benefit Management, Payroll Management,
Employee Self Service, Health and Safety, Workforce

MYOB (Mind Your Own Business)
DEFINITION OF MYOB (Mind Your Own Business)
MYOB was founded in the late 1980s by Christopher Lee and a team of developers at Teleware,
Inc., who developed accounting software. Teleware was purchased by Best Software, Inc. (now part
of Sage) in 1993. Data–Tech Software was the Australia republished of the MYOB products and, in
1997 entered into an agreement with Best Software to buy the company (renamed MYOB, Inc.) and
bought the intellectual property rights to the software. In 1999, Data–Tech changed their name to
MYOB Limited and listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) on 9 July 1999. In subsequent
corporate development, MYOB Limited merged with Solution 6 Holdings in 2004. Though the
company was originally founded in the US, it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Asset Manager Pro helps businesses keep track of their assets. MYOB's Live Accounts is a web–
based accounting software program for small business. Businesses pay a monthly fee to use Live
Accounts.
PURPOSE OF MYOB (Nur Alia)
* Helps small businesses and accounting firms to generate more profit and lessen the cost of running
their businesses. * Helps to make the record keeping easier. Since things like that are usually
cheaper than hiring actual persons, then this would be a good thing to have * Helps keep accounting
records accurately and efficiently and provide useful information so that management, accountants,
investors and creditors can make economic decisions * To manage and document financial accounts.
This includes creating and managing financial records, performing and documenting financial
transactions, and submitting official documents.
The other purpose:
Routine savings
* Information is only entered once. This software automatically uses it wherever it is needed,
including both the debit and credit side of the entry. * Routine book–keeping is done by the
software. * This software also provides immediate updates on cash position. The impact of
payments and receipts on the cash position will be calculated and recorded automatically. The
program provides details of bank balance, together with information on unclear payments.
Completing statutory returns * Automatic book–keeping

Peachtree 2010 Essay
| | | | | | | | |
Peachtree by Sage Complete Accounting 2010 provides strong foundation accounting for small
businesses, plus features like job costing, time and billing, and thorough inventory capabilities. Its
multi–user option helps improve productivity while providing screen–level security and a clear audit
trail. More than 125 customizable business reports and financial statements are available. Save time
with simplified navigation, integration with Microsoft Excel, multi–tasking screens, and
comparative budgeting. Audit Trail helps you track errors and deter fraud. Achieve better business
results through accurate accounting and business controls with Peachtree by Sage Complete
Accounting 2010. The Peachtree complete ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Peachtree is compatible with Windows 2000 SP3, Vista and XP SP2. At the least, Internet Explorer
6.0 is required for this program, but it is provided as long as you have the extra 70 MB of space. For
availability of the services of this accounting system, you must have access to the Internet and a 56
Kbps modem at the very least.
Users of Peachtree by Sage had so many positive things to say about it. They were very impressed
with its capabilities to replace several accounting programs with just one. They also noted that in
comparison to other systems Peachtree is far more affordable versus buying different systems for
various uses. They praised the versatility of this program with its multiple uses that supports
multiple users.
The multiple user function is ideal for use by three or four people and if you require something for a
larger set up, there is a quantum version available. People were impressed with the speed and
stability displayed by the Peachtree system, as well as its ability to make changes in inventory and
keep track of expense tickets and sales invoices.
Peachtree accounting software is an all around beneficial system for all types of companies and
individuals. With most accounting systems being too complex and inflexible, Peachtree's smoothly
run, convenient and user friendly system is a like a breath of fresh air to its users. Is it any wonder
why Peachtree Complete Accounting 2009 by Sage is the top choice worldwide?

Kudler Fine Foods
Kudler Fine Foods – Accounting System
Eric Raymond
BSA/310
September 3, 2012
Dr. Marcia Reid
Kudler Fine Foods – Accounting System
The purpose of this paper is to describe the value of a new accounting system for Kudler Fine
Foods. The author will cover the key features, core technology, benefits, and cost of the proposed
system.
In businesses today, it is imperative that the accounting system be tied into every aspect of a
business and integrated within all of the information systems in use. Therefore, before any system is
updated or changed, the accounting system must be considered and analyzed for compatibility and
integration. Kudler Fine Foods hired a consulting firm to "assist in the selection and installation of a
If the transaction is small, the store manager can pay for it out of an "impress" fund that each store
has. The store manager would then fax the information to F & A to be manually entered into the
system.
In my opinion, Kudler Fine Foods could benefit from a holistic Finance and Accounting system that
will allow for better compatibility with the company's other systems. The current system has a
module for each major function and each module has to maintain compatibility with the other
modules. If any upgrades or changes were to be made on any of the other systems in the company,
all of the separate modules of the Finance and Accounting system would need to be compatible. This
means that there is a greater expense in upgrading or changing any other system in the company
because all systems must be connected to the F & A system. A holistic system that can provide
all of the necessary functions needed by the company all in one program and streamline the process
and minimize the costs of upgrading systems anywhere in the company. In the long run, it would be
less costly to first upgrade the Finance and Accounting system before any other systems are
upgraded. Then the other systems can be tailored around the Finance and Accounting system to
ensure compatibility and to unify the company's business systems. The alternative

Introduction to Information Systems
Introduction to Information Systems
Defining Information Systems for a Nostalgic Record Store
Table of Contents TOC o "1–3" h z u HYPERLINK l "_Toc323410917" Introduction PAGEREF
_Toc323410917 h 2
HYPERLINK l "_Toc323410918" Assessing the Benefits and Drawbacks of Five Systems For the
Store PAGEREF _Toc323410918 h 3
HYPERLINK l "_Toc323410919" Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc323410919 h 4
HYPERLINK l "_Toc323410920" Table 1: Comparison of Five Systems' Cost and Benefits
PAGEREF _Toc323410920 h 5
Introduction
The sales generated from a nostalgic record store is going to be highly dependent on the selection,
ease of finding rare records and music tracks, and the speed and accuracy of research store
personnel can accomplish for customers in the store and online. There also needs to be a
comprehensive financial management system in place to keep track of costs, pricing, cost of service,
and prepare financial statements on a periodic basis. Most important is going to be staying in touch
with a very specific type of customer who is interested in nostalgic records. A Customer
Relationship Management (CRM) system will be critical for accomplishing this. With all of these
requirements it's essential for the store to have the following five systems:
Accounting and Financial Management System
CRM Software, delivered on the Software–as–a–Service (SaaS) Platform
Website and electronic commerce system
Sales system for the store, or POS (Point–Of–Sale)

Effects of Computerised Accounting to Performance of...
Table of Contents DEDICATION i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF
ABBREVIATIONS vi ABSTRACT viii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Background of the
study 1 1.2. Research focus 2 1.3. Overall Research Aim and Individual Research Objectives 2
1.3.1. Overall research aim 2 1.3.2. Individual research Objectives 3 1.4. Research questions 3 1.5.
Justification of study 3 1.6. COMPANY BACKGROUND 4 1.6.1. History of Rwanda Development
Bank (BRD) 4 1.6.2. Vision, Mission and values 8 1.6.3. Objectives and strategy 9 1.6.4. Company
structure 10 Chapter 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 12 2.1. DEFINITIONS OF KEY TERMS 12
2.2. OBJECTIVES AND LIMITATION OF ACCOUNTING 17 2.2.1. Objectives of Accounting: 17
2.2.2. Limitations of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Questionnaires, interviews, observation are the methods used to collect information qualified as
primary data and literature searches and mail surveys were been used to gather of

Impact Of Cloud Accounting : A Solution For Today Busy...
Impact of Cloud Accounting Assessment Item 01 –Q1 Author– I U Amarasiriwardhana Abstract In
this report cloud system used to analyse as a solution for today busy business environment. Through
this report address what are the benefits of using the cloud and why it is more important today than
ever before. A detailed comparison of the various clouds give a chance to decide what cloud is more
suitable for your business based on your business size & complexity involved with it. Table of
contents Introduction Traditionally, it can suck up far too much of your business' time and effort.
This doesn 't add value, and takes the fun out of being in business. Cloud software can save your
company time and money. Think about when you use internet banking. Every time you access this
data, you're using the cloud. The cloud is a platform to make data and software accessible online
anytime, anywhere, from any device. Your hard drive is no longer the central hub. You can use
cloud–based software from any device with an internet connection What is cloud Cloud accounting
software is similar to traditional, on–premises, or self–install accounting software, only the
accounting software is hosted on remote servers, similar to the SaaS (Software as a Service)
business model. Data is sent into "the cloud," where it is processed and returned to the user. All
application functions are performed off–site, not on the user 's desktop. In cloud computing, users
access software applications remotely

The Impact Of Technology On The Accounting Industry
In today's society, people cannot imagine life without technology. Technology has made life easier
and has enabled individuals to do extraordinary things that were not possible in the past. As of right
now my future major and career is in the accounting industry. Accounting has gone through many
changes throughout the years. There are changes with technology, new regulations and standards,
and the uncertainty of the economic market that may affect the accounting industry. The
advancements of technology have been one of the biggest changes around the world, and it is also
affecting the accounting world today. Future technologies will change the way accountants do their
job, just like it has in the previous years. As the years pass, we will advance in the electronic field
and the accounting industry will continue to advance with us. Modern technology is taking over
traditional ways in accounting and is changing it for the better. New technologies and regulations
will affect the future of accounting in a positive way by making the job easier with less room for
error and by giving more communication opportunities and better time management.
In the past, the entries were done manually and just one simple mistake could mean hours of
recalculations and going through checking the money again. Now, after the computer programs,
there is a lower margin for error and the mistakes are easier to find. Manual accounting was a
laborious process that required accountants to spend time

Comparison Of IFRS to GAAP Essay
Comparing IFRS to GAAP
Albert Payne
ACC/290
11/14/2014
Daniela Trudel
Comparing IFRS to GAAP
This paper looks at relevant comparisons of IFRS, "International Financial Reporting Standards"
and GAAP, "Generally Accepted Accounting Principles". These two frameworks of accounting
principles and practices share a lot of standards and procedures, but also differ on accepted policies.
This paper will answer those standards and differences but also show the comparison of the two.
Let's look at what ways does the format of a statement of financial or position under IFRS often
differ from a balance sheet presented under GAAP. IFRS "International Financial Reporting
Standards" doesn't command a precise order of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
U.S. GAAP allows for write–downs to be made using categories of items and like IFRS, does allow
write–downs to be performed on an item–by–item basis. When certain conditions are met, IFRS
allows inventories that were previously written down to market value to be reversed. On the other
hand, reversals of inventory write–downs are prohibited under any circumstances in U.S. GAAP. So
we see the similarities and also the differences in these two bodies on inventory postings.
Do the IFRS and GAAP conceptual frameworks differ in terms of the objective of financial
reporting? This would be a no because, GAAP and IFRS maintain very perspectives on the
neutrality of financial data. These influential groups agree that financial reporting data should be
relevant and authentically represented. Figures that are important would be anything useful in the
eye of an investor, creditor, or regulator. Data that is faithfully represented should follow industry
standards and assessments have a duty to be conservative.
There are commonly used terms that are used under IFRS that are synonymous with common stock
and balance sheet. These terms are; Balance Sheet is synonymous with the "Statement of Financial
Position" and Common Stock is normally branded as "Share Capital Ordinary" on IFRS financial
statements. Also lets look at under IFRS, can the definitions of revenues and expenses include gains
and losses? Revenue in IFRS is used to

Section 1.1: Aim Of Report. This Report Will Briefly Go
Section 1.1: Aim of Report
This report will briefly go over three separate but connected topics, the first being the past and
present role of a management accountant and how changes in the industry will then affect the future
role of a management accountant. From this, the report will evaluate the adoption of strategic
management accounting and its effect on performance, then finally how this course will prepare me
for a career in management accounting.
Section 1.2: Introduction
Management Accounting can and has been defined as many different things since its creation. It's
definition changing with the ever evolving role of the management accountant. The term
management accounting was created in the 1950's by the Anglo–American ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is one of the fundamental factors that have drastically changed the role of the traditional
accountant to the role we now acknowledge as a Management accountant.
Section 2.2: Factors of Change
These factors of change have been outlined as Technology, Globalisation and Accounting scandals
by Hopper, T et al (2007). These factors of change have both positive and negative effects on the
role of a management accountant. These however are not the only factors that will affect change.
Section 2.2.1: Technology
"Advances in information technology have been noted as a key force in changing management
accounting." (CIMA,2015)
The use of technology has now become a necessity within the industry as it is used to increase the
effectiveness and efficiency of the information gathered due to less human interaction with the
calculating of the required quantitative figures.
"Accounting technology has eliminated the number cruncher sitting behind a desk working on
people's taxes and has allowed the accountant to find new challenges with much more to offer than
decades ago when they relied on an abacus for a calculating tool" (Kruglinski,2009)

One of the biggest forms of accounting technology that has impacted the role of the management
accountant is that of "Enterprise resource planning

Advantages Of MYOB At Core 7 Fitness
Introduction Since its inception, accounting has been performed manually by skilled accountants
using physical books of accounts, invoices, registers, etc. Improvement in technology and the
growth and expansion of the business has urged the transformation of accounting to modern
mechanisms. Due to the surge in sales and expansion of business, improvement in the accounting
system at Core 7 fitness has become fundamental. MYOB or Mind Your Own Business is Australia's
leading accounting software provider for small entities that manages payroll, inventory, tax and
much more. This report analyses the significance of adopting MYOB at Core 7 fitness, by
highlighting the anticipated benefits of the transition, the drawbacks of manual system of accounting
They are as follows:
Efficiency: Entry of transactions immediately results in subsequent entries in the various books and
financial statements of the company. Various adjustments as well as rectifications are reflected
throughout the reports and statements instantly which in turn enhances the overall efficiency.
User–friendly Interface: Easiness in learning and use makes online accounting software user–
friendly to employees with fundamental accounting knowledge and practice. Receipts and
statements gets uploaded and updated in the system with minimum time and effort.
Cost: Enactment of online accounting software makes accounting affordable for small and medium
businesses. With the exception of the initial costs incurred on the purchase or subscription of a
software and providing training to the employees, cloud accounting is relatively economical.
Accuracy: It goes without saying that the cloud accounting application enhances the precision of
accounting entries as human errors in calculation are eliminated or minimized. It also has built–in
tax and discount calculators and thereby avert mistakes. Moreover, since accounts are updated on a
real–time basis, probability of omission is

The Impact Of Internet On The Internet
"The most important networking facility available to organization is the Internet."(Stalling and Cass,
2013) Yes, the internet is more important than before. Businesses cannot run efficiently without the
Internet. In this paper, I will focus on two parts of discussion regarding the small business and
Internet: the evolution of the internet and the advantages of the Internet for small businesses.
The evolution of the Internet has happened very rapidly since 1990s. Actually, it comes with the
evolution of personal computers in China. When I was very little in the 1990s, my father was an
accountant working in a small company that's main product is fish and seafood. His company is a
really a small business; it only has 15 employees. At that time, there were no personal computers on
the market in China. My father used pens and books to record all accounting journal entries and
used a calculator to prepare the financial reporting at each end of the month. He was very busy
especially at the end of month. There were too many invoices that needed to be recorded and written
into the book; sometimes, my father made a mistake for the numbers, and later he had to re–work to
find the errors and correct them for the rest of accounting numbers. It wasted too much time to find
and correct for an accountant, but he had to do it. In the 2000s, my father's company brought two
computers to the accounting office and setup the Internet and installed the Office software. My
father had been trained

Pine Vally
Case Study
Week one
Pine Valley Furniture
Case Study Answers A) PVF went about developing their information systems because the demand
for furniture was increased. In the beginning a process oriented approach was utilized. Each separate
application had its own data files. The applications automated the manual systems on which they
were modeled. In an effort to improve its information systems. They then renovated its information
systems, resulting in a company wide database and applications that work with this database. Then
the primarily use was in the accounting and financial areas. All applications were built in–house,
and when necessary, new information systems staffs were hired to support Pine Valley Furniture's
expanding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ERP packages are heavily used by larger retail chains. Designed to facilitate the administration and
optimization of internal business processes across an enterprise, ERP packages have become the
competitive tool for most large retail organizations. ERP software uses a single database that allows
the different departments to communicate with each other through information sharing. ERP
systems comprise function–specific components that are designed to interact with the other modules
such as the Order Entry, Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, Purchasing, Distribution etc. C)
As I have stated I have been applying for a wide variety of jobs since graduation in December. A
few of which were System Analysis jobs, and for each organization the requirements are different.
Skills required should be as follows: This position reports to the Chief Information Technology
Officer, and will work closely with the Enterprise Systems Architect and Network Support group, as
well as 3rd party development consultants. The Information Technology Department manages the
technology and computer infrastructure that drives the organizations business systems. The IT
department manages a network infrastructure that supports the national office and 7 regional offices
across. The Systems Analyst/Developer position requires strong business skills and would be
responsible for reviewing, analyzing and occasionally modifying

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Computer Based Accounting...
This is the first type of accounting system. It utilizes paper–based journals and ledgers. Nowadays,
Computer–based transaction systems replaced some paper records into computer records. Manual
system is labor intensive for this system relies on human processing. Because manual system relies
on human processing, they may be prone to error. Organizations employ multiple forms of
information technology in their accounting information system. Because of the advancements in
information technology computer–based transaction system were created. In this system, accounting
data are kept separately from other operating data. At this point, there is a greater degree of
compartmentalization of work in order to preserve the integrity of accounting information ... Show
This is consisting of modules that deal with the business accounting systems. A simple accounting
package might also contain one module or also referred to as stand–alone module. But most of the
time, it will consist of several modules. Examples of this are the Quick Books and Peachtree.This
system reduces inefficiencies and information redundancies. Relational database systems such as
enterprise resource planning (ERP) depart from the accounting equation method of organizing data.
This system captures both financial and non–financial data, and then it stores that information in the
data warehouse. The advantages of this system include recognition of business rather than just
accounting events; the support in the reduction in operating inefficiencies and; the elimination of
data redundancy.For an accounting system to be considered as effective it must meet the basic
objectives of information systems. The first objective is that they must pass the cost benefit principle
or cost benefit relationship. Financial information is not free, other companies even spend millions
every year just to gather and organize financial information to assemble into their financial

Advantages And Disadvantages Of SAP
Since 1995 financial manager of ATLAM are the same person, Zulkifli Osman. While the person
who would be responsibility on the new system upgrade are Mrs. Lim which is also the user
representative. Both of them are having different opinion in the discussion of the implement SAP as
the new accounting system. Zulkifli think that SAP is better than ACCPAC while Lim opinion is
opposite with Zulkifli. Lim comment on SAP is there is a lot of disadvantages while ACCPAC could
bring more advantages towards the company. From the angle of cost, SAP would need huge cost
included operational cost. This cost would be a burden to the company especially after the
performance of the company on 2001 was not really in good condition. Other than that, Lim think ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is why management should start to make sure everyone are able to accept the changes with
good attitude. They should had communication consistently toward the process of the
implementation of the system. This would also help the management know the feedback from the
employee.
Explanation
It would be important for the management to explain the need of SAP implementation. Management
should focus on explain how SAP would benefit the company and help the future performances
which include the staff working performance.
Management
The management should motives for the implementing of SAP. This is because during the
implementation take places, Zulkifli would had to make sure all department of staff are at the same
level and direction and having the same objectives.
Training
All the staff should had proper training before they can handle the new system due to the lack of
knowledge. Training is very important at this stage to endure all the staff can work well with the
changes and made a smooth transition.
Involved
When the implementation are done, management should let all staff had the changes to experiences
the new system and get feedback from staff. This is too made sure that the staff could be
comfortable with the new

Comparison Of Management Systems : Traditional Vs. Supply...
Running head:COMPARISON OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Comparison of Management Systems:
Traditional vs. Supply Chain Management and Customer Relationship Management
Ashley Virts
University of Maryland University College
Executive Summary
Growing competition and escalation in customer demands have led business management to
sophisticated information technology in order to effectively manage cost and productivity within
operations. Alternate approaches to traditional management systems are working to improve and
streamline business processes to meet those needs. Supply Chain Management (SCM) aims to
facilitate the collaboration between the organization, its suppliers, the manufacturers, distributors,
and the partners. Similarly, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) serves to enhance the
relationship with customers and provide efficient management of customer–related information.
Both SCM and CRM provide good data for business analytics, cost management, forecasting
purposes, and adding to the bottom line. However, determining which system is most efficient
depends entirely on the primary goal of the business, and can vary by application. Nonetheless,
research concludes that both SCM and CRM are more valuable than traditional management
systems, when applied alone, or together, to provide a competitive edge for businesses.
Comparison of Management Systems:
Traditional vs. Supply Chain Management and Customer Relationship Management
Intense business competition has evolved

Accrual Balance And Cash Flow Statement
Question 1
I would explain these methods (accrual balance and cash flow statement), to Irene in this way:
The most of the time the business bookkeeping system use two methods: the accrual basis or the
cash basis (Gibson 2008).
On one hand, "Accrual accounting " is any record of revenues or expenditures when there is not a
cash transaction. The principle to apply this method is the "matching principle"( Berman& Knight,
2013), basically is the report of an expense or income statement in the equivalent period that is by
matching revenues to expenses. It measures the performance when cash transactions occur.
This method provides a precise picture of the company statement, but by his complexity is more
expensive to apply. In addition, the Enterprise using inventory, as well as, sales or credit must to use
this method. Furthermore, the financial condition is affected by transaction as credits or projects
and, these statements have to be reflected in the accounting balance.
Moreover, Accrual accounting in opposite to the cash flow (that will be explained on the next item)
reflects facts not probabilities, as an instance is the sales of a product, when a customer receive a
product by the credit system accrual accounting reflects the transaction as a fact in the account "
accounts receivable" , making an increase on the seller's revenue.
As said above, accrual accounting is the most precise representation of the financial results and the
enterprise financial position, being

Financial System Of Telecommunication Industry : Mahindra...
Chapter 4: Financial System in Telecommunication Industry: Mahindra Comviva
Mahindra Comviva is one of industry in telecommunication sector that provides value added
services for mobile operators. The company is among the leader of mobility solutions providing a
suite of productized solutions.
In the organization a proper mechanism of financial system plays a key role. An effective and
efficient process and procedure of financial management is essentially necessary to maintain a
financial health and growth of the company. As an IT–based firm Mahindra Comviva deals in
software solution which lays a great emphasis on framework of its Financial System by keeping a
proper record of its financial transactions and also adhering to various accounting standards and
principles while preparing financial statements.
In Mahindra Comviva Financial System is categorized into three categories: The Three–tier level
mechanism determines the financial system of Mahindra Comviva which is a backbone of the
organization.
Revenue Recognition
Accounting Standards
An accounting standard is a principle that guides and standardizes accounting practices. The
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are a group of accounting standards that are
widely accepted as appropriate to the field of accounting. Accounting standards are necessary to
provide a meaning to financial statements across a wide variety of business. It facilitates uniformity
in financial reporting and ensures consistency in

Taking a Look at the SAP Company
Introduction:
SAP is a German based company that is successful in selling ERP systems to businesses. It is stated
to have been established in April 1st 1972 in Mannheim by five former employees of IBM Germany
;Hans–Werner Hector, Klaus Tschira, Claus Wellenreuther, Dietmar Hopp, and Hasso Plattner (
Liembach 2008,p.61).
Overview of SAP:
Enterprise resource planning ( ERP) system is a new software management technology that strives
to integrate the many business functions of an organisation through the unified software, thus
enhancing/ improving productivity and overall performance of the business. It is the main product
provided successfully by SAP globally to many different business industries. This is because on
average most ERP systems have many different types of modules to accommodate individual sectors
of a business, such as; human resources management module, accounting & financial modules,
manufacturing modules, distribution modules and many more ( Chang et al. 2008 ). For an example
in the R/3 ERP system provided by SAP, a few ERP functions can be derived, such as; to facilitate
the processing of raw data into decision making information, security & storage of the raw data and
information of businesses, enables forecasting of the business plan, assisting the business supply
chain processes and many more ( Jones 1996). In terms of the accounting perspective the ERP
system can be argued to have been a positive impact from the first function of processing of raw

Erp Systems, Microsoft Dynamics Gp10 And Sap Erp Release 6.0
Introduction
This project is the analysis of two different ERP systems, Microsoft Dynamics GP10 and SAP ERP
Release 6.0. More specifically, the comparison of the accounts receivables and reporting functions
in both systems are part of this in–depth analysis, concluding with a summery with considerations
on the better system for managing the accounts receivables.
Software Platforms
Microsoft
More than 41,000 customers throughout the world use Microsoft Dynamics GP 10, which is the
software solution discussed in this analysis. Microsoft Dynamics goes beyond basic financials and
operations functions, and is a complete Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution. Microsoft
thrives on showing their system requires lower implementation and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The financial connections with customers who use output of the organization are handled through
Accounts receivable (AR). This maintains personal accounts of the creditors and maintain various
sub–ledgers such as control accounts, payments etc. as a part of General Ledger (GL).
Microsoft Accounts Receivable
For transactions in Receivables Management, you can create assignments and enter transaction
dimension codes for the distribution accounts that are linked to an account class. Transactions can be
saved with analysis information to a single or recurring batch prior to posting. The analysis
information created for transactions in the Analytical Inquiry windows can be displayed. The
process of validating transactions with analysis information is also explained. These are the
following commands controlled by the account receivables manager.
Microsoft's system allows for the controls of accounting to be handled in three major work
processes:
Posting setup and control, includes information about how to specify posting account numbers for
cost categories in project budgets and for fees assigned to projects. Also information about how to
create batches for transactions manually, how to modify posting account distributions for
transactions, and how to post multiple batches at once are included.
Revenue recognition includes how to create and use revenue recognition cycles to recognize
revenue for multiple

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