What is acceleration and how is it happening? An historian reflects on a lifetime of change.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Jericho, located in the West Bank region of the Middle East, is the oldest continuously inhabited city on Earth.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
1.2 Neolithic and Agricultural RevolutionsKevin Zahner
Continue your Advanced Placement study of world history with this presentation over the development of complex societies. AP World History students and teachers are supported by links to documents and websites to deepen understanding of the curriculum.
Jericho, located in the West Bank region of the Middle East, is the oldest continuously inhabited city on Earth.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
1.2 Neolithic and Agricultural RevolutionsKevin Zahner
Continue your Advanced Placement study of world history with this presentation over the development of complex societies. AP World History students and teachers are supported by links to documents and websites to deepen understanding of the curriculum.
The New Stone Age.
Covers development of agriculture, domestication of plants and animals, irrigation systems, migration to Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent.
Importance of evolution of human settlementsVijesh Kumar V
IMPORTANCE OF EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
1.Origin of civilization,
2.Effects of civilization on Human settlements,
3.Determinants of Human settlements,
4.Ancients towns in India.
Precoursors of Civilization: Mesolithic and NeolithicPaulVMcDowell
Describes the rise of settled communities and the domestication of plants and animals that accompanied or preceded them. Includes the role these innovations played in esbablishing civilization.
Evolution of human settlement - 01 : Understanding the History!Zee Ehtram
This presentation is intended for students of Architectural History.
In geography, statistics and archaeology, a settlement, locality or populated place is a community in which people live. The complexity of a settlement can range from a small number of dwellings grouped together to the largest of cities with surrounding urbanized areas. Here is an attempt to undestand how early human settlemets evolved with time. Tis presentation is Part-1 of 7.
1.1 Big Geography & the Peopling of the Earth Kevin Zahner
AP World History Key Concept 1.1 of Technological and Environmental Transformations, to c. 600 B.C.E. with links to articles, including Scientific American, and videos on YouTube. The presentation is also interactive in terms of questions and evidence analysis.
A brief overview of the Neolithic Revolution including how the domestication of plants and animals arose independently at different centers across the globe, they types of foods cultivated, and the cultural changes that accompanied this revolution.
1A THE HUMAN OCEAN 20th CENTURY CHANGESTHE GARBAGE PATCH-U.docxdrennanmicah
1A: THE HUMAN OCEAN: 20th CENTURY CHANGES
THE GARBAGE PATCH-Underwater image of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch which might look like a zone of death but there is still life here in what is called the "NEUSTON", a floating ecosystems. The important understanding here is that even though the plastic problem is notable and scary, the plastic is mixed together with living creatures.....SO lets thick about....... How Plastic Cleanup Threatens the Oceans Living Islands
Population
In the relatively short span of time over the last half a century (my lifetime) the population on planet Earth has more than doubled. I was born in 1959, and in that year the global population passed the 3 billion mark. By my 40th birthday in 1999, the number of people on Earth had doubled to 6 billion. IN the last 19 years, we have added another 1.5 billion. Currently there are about 7.54 billion people alive here. We add about 10,000 an hour, 240,000 a day, or about 90 million per year. Over a 1.5 billion people are starving. People need to eat.
The oceans provided enough in the beginning of the 20th century when the population was less than 2 billion. Advances in fishing technology with larger vessels and refrigeration allowed boats to start the global feeding frenzy. The fish were free, and fleets driven for profit took as much as they could from the sea. It still happens today but there are a lot less fish. Stocks of migrating tuna will be depleted by 2050 so that commercial fishing for them will not be viable.
Petrochemicals and Waste
By the time I was born there had already been major changes. We had been burning fuel for 200 years and using newly synthesized petro-based "augmented" hydrocarbons intensively for 50 years. We burn 10 times more now. We have developed many more hydrocarbon based chemicals since then. Near the time of my birth a woman ecologist by the name of Rachael Carson had amassed data and helped expose an enormous threat. Hundreds of new chemicals had been developed, many of which were being added into the environment purposefully to eradicate pests with little knowledge about lasting effects. Life died. Birds took a serious hit. Farm animals were falling over dead after drinking water tainted with DDT, a chlorinated hyrdocarbon. DDT was finally banned in the U.S. in seventies, worldwide in 2001, but is still in the soil and sea. And believe or not the DDT ban is still controversial, some say it could save millions of lives, those that die from Malaria. Unfortunately these critics don’t get the fact that many more humans will die in the future if we destroy our environment. It’s not just about humans. Ironic and sad is the fact that after banning DDT here in the US, the US companies that made it continued to produce it and sell it overseas for almost 30 years. There are still large amounts of toxic chemicals introduced into the soil, lakes, rivers and oceans every year. Another petroleum-based product is plasti.
Evolutionary patterns in the future - A comparison between action of nature a...Roberto Sáez
More info at
http://nutcrackerman.com/2014/07/21/evolutionary-patterns-in-the-future-a-comparison-between-action-of-nature-and-action-of-man/
The speed of evolutionary changes has greatly increased in the last 10,000 years. The huge increase in population plus the adaptation to new ecology conditions have resulted in strong pressure to produce genetic mutations: for example, to allow digestion of different food sources, to create resistance to unknown pathogens or to adapt skin to new environments. With this recent background, what type of variations can we expect that evolution will bring to humankind in the next 200,000 years? We can find different answers in the action of nature and the action of humans.
The New Stone Age.
Covers development of agriculture, domestication of plants and animals, irrigation systems, migration to Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent.
Importance of evolution of human settlementsVijesh Kumar V
IMPORTANCE OF EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
1.Origin of civilization,
2.Effects of civilization on Human settlements,
3.Determinants of Human settlements,
4.Ancients towns in India.
Precoursors of Civilization: Mesolithic and NeolithicPaulVMcDowell
Describes the rise of settled communities and the domestication of plants and animals that accompanied or preceded them. Includes the role these innovations played in esbablishing civilization.
Evolution of human settlement - 01 : Understanding the History!Zee Ehtram
This presentation is intended for students of Architectural History.
In geography, statistics and archaeology, a settlement, locality or populated place is a community in which people live. The complexity of a settlement can range from a small number of dwellings grouped together to the largest of cities with surrounding urbanized areas. Here is an attempt to undestand how early human settlemets evolved with time. Tis presentation is Part-1 of 7.
1.1 Big Geography & the Peopling of the Earth Kevin Zahner
AP World History Key Concept 1.1 of Technological and Environmental Transformations, to c. 600 B.C.E. with links to articles, including Scientific American, and videos on YouTube. The presentation is also interactive in terms of questions and evidence analysis.
A brief overview of the Neolithic Revolution including how the domestication of plants and animals arose independently at different centers across the globe, they types of foods cultivated, and the cultural changes that accompanied this revolution.
1A THE HUMAN OCEAN 20th CENTURY CHANGESTHE GARBAGE PATCH-U.docxdrennanmicah
1A: THE HUMAN OCEAN: 20th CENTURY CHANGES
THE GARBAGE PATCH-Underwater image of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch which might look like a zone of death but there is still life here in what is called the "NEUSTON", a floating ecosystems. The important understanding here is that even though the plastic problem is notable and scary, the plastic is mixed together with living creatures.....SO lets thick about....... How Plastic Cleanup Threatens the Oceans Living Islands
Population
In the relatively short span of time over the last half a century (my lifetime) the population on planet Earth has more than doubled. I was born in 1959, and in that year the global population passed the 3 billion mark. By my 40th birthday in 1999, the number of people on Earth had doubled to 6 billion. IN the last 19 years, we have added another 1.5 billion. Currently there are about 7.54 billion people alive here. We add about 10,000 an hour, 240,000 a day, or about 90 million per year. Over a 1.5 billion people are starving. People need to eat.
The oceans provided enough in the beginning of the 20th century when the population was less than 2 billion. Advances in fishing technology with larger vessels and refrigeration allowed boats to start the global feeding frenzy. The fish were free, and fleets driven for profit took as much as they could from the sea. It still happens today but there are a lot less fish. Stocks of migrating tuna will be depleted by 2050 so that commercial fishing for them will not be viable.
Petrochemicals and Waste
By the time I was born there had already been major changes. We had been burning fuel for 200 years and using newly synthesized petro-based "augmented" hydrocarbons intensively for 50 years. We burn 10 times more now. We have developed many more hydrocarbon based chemicals since then. Near the time of my birth a woman ecologist by the name of Rachael Carson had amassed data and helped expose an enormous threat. Hundreds of new chemicals had been developed, many of which were being added into the environment purposefully to eradicate pests with little knowledge about lasting effects. Life died. Birds took a serious hit. Farm animals were falling over dead after drinking water tainted with DDT, a chlorinated hyrdocarbon. DDT was finally banned in the U.S. in seventies, worldwide in 2001, but is still in the soil and sea. And believe or not the DDT ban is still controversial, some say it could save millions of lives, those that die from Malaria. Unfortunately these critics don’t get the fact that many more humans will die in the future if we destroy our environment. It’s not just about humans. Ironic and sad is the fact that after banning DDT here in the US, the US companies that made it continued to produce it and sell it overseas for almost 30 years. There are still large amounts of toxic chemicals introduced into the soil, lakes, rivers and oceans every year. Another petroleum-based product is plasti.
Evolutionary patterns in the future - A comparison between action of nature a...Roberto Sáez
More info at
http://nutcrackerman.com/2014/07/21/evolutionary-patterns-in-the-future-a-comparison-between-action-of-nature-and-action-of-man/
The speed of evolutionary changes has greatly increased in the last 10,000 years. The huge increase in population plus the adaptation to new ecology conditions have resulted in strong pressure to produce genetic mutations: for example, to allow digestion of different food sources, to create resistance to unknown pathogens or to adapt skin to new environments. With this recent background, what type of variations can we expect that evolution will bring to humankind in the next 200,000 years? We can find different answers in the action of nature and the action of humans.
Part one of four of my slides from my two-night talk at Seattle's Town Hall. This evening was introduced by Seattle City Council President Richard Conlin, and is about the global context in which Seattle finds itself making decisions.
Grading CriteriaPerspectives on Animals 3 points possible Conten.docxwhittemorelucilla
Grading Criteria
Perspectives on Animals 3 points possible Content Criteria Weight
Student discusses what he/she believes to be the best argument in support of animal liberation or animal rights using at least one scholarly or reputable resource.
0.75
Student discusses at least two different perspectives concerning animals from this week’s readings and addresses which perspective he/she agrees with the most and why.
0.75
Student responds to at least two of their classmates’ initial posts.
0.75
Student utilizes at least one scholarly or reputable resource to defend his/her thoughts.
0.5 Research Criteria
Student utilizes proper APA format, provides a posting of at least 250 words, and answers with proper spelling and grammar usage.
0.25
Linda Smith
AC1502147
SO245.2.1 Social Impact of Technology
Assignment 8_08
November 4, 2016
Three Perspectives on the Advancement of Technology
Linda Smith
Even if we don't agree that humans evolved from another, now-extinct species, we can agree that the habits of humanity have definitely evolved. Along with these advancements in the habits and daily lives of humanity, the technologies that were available to them advanced. There are several ideologists that have discussed their research on the subject on how exactly they believe that technology has advanced and evolved, whether they be hand in hand with the evolution of mankind, advanced through the incremental steps of humanity's capability to harness energy, or possibly it's the limitations that humanity faces that causes leaps in technology. These views were held by three researchers of the advancement of technology: Gerhard Lenski, Leslie White, and Alvin Toffler.
The advancement of technology is dependent on the advancement of humanity. This is the view that sociologist Gerhard Lenski held about how the evolution of technology can best be described and observed. Lenski believed that, through levels, the capabilities of humanity is what was defined through the amount that the humans of that time period understood about their surroundings. This is observable, Lenski thought, by understanding the information that humanity had in different time periods. In the beginning, humanity was nomadic. They only relied on creating tools that would help them in hunting for meat and gathering plants and water. Next, humans realized that they could create tools that could help them make their own plants, and so horticulture was born. This ability to create its own food began early forms of class systems, giving jobs to people who had once only been hunters or gatherers. Now these people could work to expand other aspects of life, including pottery, tool making, architecture, and other forms of technology. At this rate of technological advancement, the industrial revolution quickly occurred, and humanity discovered new ways to create new technologies, creating factories and slowly easing the difficulty in production.
Leslie White's viewpoint, however, was that hum ...
concepts and Definition of social change by Jones, Gillin and gillin, Davis & mac iver. Factors of Social Change - I. Biological Factors, The physical factors, Technological Factors, Cultural Factors,.
The fast evolving global climate change movement - the official science, economics, politics and consciousness - is explained and analyzed. This is a skeptics view of the subject, not a denier's nor an alarmist's. The current role and powers of the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is discussed in detail.
The Boiling Frog Theory on Population Systems thinkers .docxmattinsonjanel
The Boiling Frog Theory on Population
Systems thinkers have given us a useful metaphor for a certain kind of human behavior in
the phenomenon of the boiled frog. The phenomenon is this. If you drop a frog in a pot of
boiling water, it will of course frantically try to clamber out. But if you place it gently in
a pot of tepid water and turn the heat on low, it will float there quite placidly. As the
water gradually heats up, the frog will sink into a tranquil stupor, exactly like one of us in
a hot bath, and before long, with a smile on its face, it will unresistingly allow itself to be
boiled to death.
We all know stories of frogs being tossed into boiling water - for example, a young
couple being plunged into catastrophic debt by an unforeseen medical emergency. A
contrary example, an example of the smiling boiled frog, is that of a young couple who
gradually use their good credit to buy and borrow themselves into catastrophic debt.
Cultural examples exist as well. About six thousand years ago the goddess-worshipping
societies of Old Europe were engulfed in a boiling up of our culture that Marija Gimbutas
called Kurgan Wave Number One; they struggled to clamber out but eventually
succumbed. The Plains Indians of North America, who were engulfed in another boiling
up of our culture in the 1870s, constitute another example; they struggled to clamber out
over the next two decades, but they too finally succumbed.
A contrary example, an example of the smiling-boiled-frog phenomenon, is provided by
our own culture. When we slipped into the cauldron, the water was a perfect temperature,
not too hot, not too cold. Can anyone tell me when that was? Anyone?
Blank faces.
I've already told you, but I'll ask again, a different way. When did we become we? Where
and when did the thing called us begin? Remember: East and West, twins of a common
birth. Where? And when?
Well, of course: in the Near East, about ten thousand years ago. That's where our
peculiar, defining form of agriculture was born, and we began to be we. That was our
cultural birthplace. That was where and when we slipped into that beautifully pleasant
water: the Near East, ten thousand years ago.
As the water in the cauldron slowly heats, the frog feels nothing but a pleasant warmth,
and indeed that's all there is to feel. A long time has to pass before the water begins to be
dangerously hot, and our own history demonstrates this. For fully half our history, the
first five thousand years, signs of distress are almost nonexistent. The technological
innovations of this period bespeak a quiet life, centered around hearth and village - sun-
dried brick, kiln-fired pottery, woven cloth, the potter's wheel, and so on. But gradually,
imperceptibly, signs of distress begin to appear, like tiny bubbles at the bottom of a pot.
What shall we look for, as signs of distress? Mass suicides? Revolution? Terrorism? No,
of cour ...
The Boiling Frog Theory on Population Systems thinkers .docxmehek4
The Boiling Frog Theory on Population
Systems thinkers have given us a useful metaphor for a certain kind of human behavior in
the phenomenon of the boiled frog. The phenomenon is this. If you drop a frog in a pot of
boiling water, it will of course frantically try to clamber out. But if you place it gently in
a pot of tepid water and turn the heat on low, it will float there quite placidly. As the
water gradually heats up, the frog will sink into a tranquil stupor, exactly like one of us in
a hot bath, and before long, with a smile on its face, it will unresistingly allow itself to be
boiled to death.
We all know stories of frogs being tossed into boiling water - for example, a young
couple being plunged into catastrophic debt by an unforeseen medical emergency. A
contrary example, an example of the smiling boiled frog, is that of a young couple who
gradually use their good credit to buy and borrow themselves into catastrophic debt.
Cultural examples exist as well. About six thousand years ago the goddess-worshipping
societies of Old Europe were engulfed in a boiling up of our culture that Marija Gimbutas
called Kurgan Wave Number One; they struggled to clamber out but eventually
succumbed. The Plains Indians of North America, who were engulfed in another boiling
up of our culture in the 1870s, constitute another example; they struggled to clamber out
over the next two decades, but they too finally succumbed.
A contrary example, an example of the smiling-boiled-frog phenomenon, is provided by
our own culture. When we slipped into the cauldron, the water was a perfect temperature,
not too hot, not too cold. Can anyone tell me when that was? Anyone?
Blank faces.
I've already told you, but I'll ask again, a different way. When did we become we? Where
and when did the thing called us begin? Remember: East and West, twins of a common
birth. Where? And when?
Well, of course: in the Near East, about ten thousand years ago. That's where our
peculiar, defining form of agriculture was born, and we began to be we. That was our
cultural birthplace. That was where and when we slipped into that beautifully pleasant
water: the Near East, ten thousand years ago.
As the water in the cauldron slowly heats, the frog feels nothing but a pleasant warmth,
and indeed that's all there is to feel. A long time has to pass before the water begins to be
dangerously hot, and our own history demonstrates this. For fully half our history, the
first five thousand years, signs of distress are almost nonexistent. The technological
innovations of this period bespeak a quiet life, centered around hearth and village - sun-
dried brick, kiln-fired pottery, woven cloth, the potter's wheel, and so on. But gradually,
imperceptibly, signs of distress begin to appear, like tiny bubbles at the bottom of a pot.
What shall we look for, as signs of distress? Mass suicides? Revolution? Terrorism? No,
of cour ...
The Boiling Frog Theory on Population Systems thinkers .docxtodd541
The Boiling Frog Theory on Population
Systems thinkers have given us a useful metaphor for a certain kind of human behavior in
the phenomenon of the boiled frog. The phenomenon is this. If you drop a frog in a pot of
boiling water, it will of course frantically try to clamber out. But if you place it gently in
a pot of tepid water and turn the heat on low, it will float there quite placidly. As the
water gradually heats up, the frog will sink into a tranquil stupor, exactly like one of us in
a hot bath, and before long, with a smile on its face, it will unresistingly allow itself to be
boiled to death.
We all know stories of frogs being tossed into boiling water - for example, a young
couple being plunged into catastrophic debt by an unforeseen medical emergency. A
contrary example, an example of the smiling boiled frog, is that of a young couple who
gradually use their good credit to buy and borrow themselves into catastrophic debt.
Cultural examples exist as well. About six thousand years ago the goddess-worshipping
societies of Old Europe were engulfed in a boiling up of our culture that Marija Gimbutas
called Kurgan Wave Number One; they struggled to clamber out but eventually
succumbed. The Plains Indians of North America, who were engulfed in another boiling
up of our culture in the 1870s, constitute another example; they struggled to clamber out
over the next two decades, but they too finally succumbed.
A contrary example, an example of the smiling-boiled-frog phenomenon, is provided by
our own culture. When we slipped into the cauldron, the water was a perfect temperature,
not too hot, not too cold. Can anyone tell me when that was? Anyone?
Blank faces.
I've already told you, but I'll ask again, a different way. When did we become we? Where
and when did the thing called us begin? Remember: East and West, twins of a common
birth. Where? And when?
Well, of course: in the Near East, about ten thousand years ago. That's where our
peculiar, defining form of agriculture was born, and we began to be we. That was our
cultural birthplace. That was where and when we slipped into that beautifully pleasant
water: the Near East, ten thousand years ago.
As the water in the cauldron slowly heats, the frog feels nothing but a pleasant warmth,
and indeed that's all there is to feel. A long time has to pass before the water begins to be
dangerously hot, and our own history demonstrates this. For fully half our history, the
first five thousand years, signs of distress are almost nonexistent. The technological
innovations of this period bespeak a quiet life, centered around hearth and village - sun-
dried brick, kiln-fired pottery, woven cloth, the potter's wheel, and so on. But gradually,
imperceptibly, signs of distress begin to appear, like tiny bubbles at the bottom of a pot.
What shall we look for, as signs of distress? Mass suicides? Revolution? Terrorism? No,
of cour.
Megatrends are strong global forces affecting everything and all life on our planet. By viewing the world from a distance and over several centuries, there are 8 global forces of change that stand out. They are: Population boom; Rapid urbanization; Ferocious consumption; Technology rush; Digital transformation; Global connectedness; Environmental degradation and Wealth inequality.
The Industrial Revolution Essay
Essay on The Industrial Revolution
Essay on The First Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
Essay on Industrial Revolution
Essay on The Industrial Revolution
Essay about Industurial Revolution
Industrial Revolution Essay
Essay on Industrial Revolution
Essay on Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution Essay example
Industrial Revolution
“To what extent has the Modern Revolution been a positive or a negative force?” is the driving question for Unit 9. The purpose of this activity is to apply Unit 9’s driving question
to a modern-day infrastructure development: the Interoceanic Highway (La Carretera). Construction on La Carretera, which connects the east and west coasts of South America, began in the early twenty-first century. By studying the scenes depicted in a photojournalist’s photographic essay, students will come to their own conclusions about the extent to which this road has been a positive or negative force as related to certain trends and topics (economic development and natural environment, for example). This activity will also help prepare students for Investigation 9, in which they’re asked to identify good and bad outcomes of trends referenced in the Investigation texts.
This activity will give students a chance to review some of what they learned in this lesson, and use it to think more deeply about what and how they would communicate with an alien species.
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Circling one star among hundreds of billions, in one galaxy among a hundred billion more, in a Universe that is vast and expanding ever faster – perhaps toward infinity. It’s easy to forget that we live in a place of astonishing grandeur and mystery.
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Unit 9: Comparing the Costs of Renewable and Conventional Energy SourcesBig History Project
You can’t get too far in a discussion about the nation’s electric power sector without running into the question of costs.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
This quick activity will get students brainstorming about life on Mars and what they would need to survive there.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Use www.gapminder.org/data to fill out the data in each of the tables below. To find the data you need, make sure that you have the name of the category. On the gapminder.org/data page, you’ll see a table called “List of indicators in “Gapminder World.” Beneath that title, on the right side of the table, find the
Search box. Type the name of the category into that search area. Once you find the category, click on the magnifying glass on the right. That link will have the data you need to fill out each of the tables below.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Spanning three centuries of history, from the dawn of the industrial age to modern times, three diverse
thinkers developed their own landmark theories on commerce, labor, and the global economy.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
In the final essay of a four-part series, David Christian explains
how advances in communication and transportation accelerated
collective learning.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Lesson 9.2 Activity: The Impact of Population Growth EssayBig History Project
For this closing activity, students will construct an essay in which they discuss what they think are the three biggest impacts of human population growth in the modern era. By looking more closely at population growth, they will deepen their understanding of the impact of acceleration and will think about themselves in relation to population growth and the effect it might have on their own futures.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Unit 8: Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human SocietiesBig History Project
Jared Mason Diamond (1937 — ) is an American scientist and author whose work draws from a variety of fields. He is currently a professor of geography and of physiology at UCLA. His 1997 book, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human
Societies, from which the following passages are excerpted, won the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction and the Aventis Prize for Best Science Book. The basic premise of the book is to explain why Eurasian civilizations have survived
and conquered others, while refuting the idea that Eurasian hegemony is due to intellectual, moral, or genetic superiority.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Making comparisons is an important intellectual tool for all people and especially for historians and scientists. Historians, in particular, make comparisons across time to understand what
has changed and what has remained constant. This question looks at the spread of plague and our collective reaction to plague at two different times in human history—the fourteenth century and the nineteenth century. Such a comparison enables us to see clearly how we have changed.
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Lesson 8.3 Activity: Revising Investigation Writing - Sentence Starters Part 2Big History Project
Students have examined and revised an Investigation writing sample based on Criteria A, B, and C of the rubric. Now, they’ll undergo the same process with a peer essay. In addition, they’ll do this alone instead of in groups. So, although the process is the same as in the last Investigation writing activity, this one might be more difficult since students will move away from group work and will complete this worksheet on their own. However, it’s important for students to be able to accomplish this exercise on their own since in the next lesson, they’ll apply this same process to their own writing. Again, while the categories in the rubric are a useful tool for initially understanding the different elements of writing, they need to be looked at as a whole since the areas of focus are interrelated.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Unit 8: When Humans Became Inhumane: The Atlantic Slave TradeBig History Project
Once Europeans had figured out how to be effective middlemen — buying and selling silver, tea, and fur, they turned to figuring out how to also become producers of the commodities they were trading.
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Unit 8: Investigating the Consequences of the Columbian ExchangeBig History Project
A new era in human history began in 1492 as the four world zones became connected. For the first time, humans created truly global networks.
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The account of the travels of the Muslim legal scholar Ibn Battuta in the first half of the fourteenth century reveals the wide scope of the Muslim world at that time.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
This collection of biographies provides students with detailed information about the voyages of these explorers including information about their motivation and how they inspired future generations of explorers. These men opened the door to a more interconnected world as the contacts they made helped to create connections between distant peoples and stimulate the growth of exchange networks and long-distance trade.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Lesson 7.2 Activity: Essay - Were They Pushed or Did They Jump?Big History Project
You’re going to pick a civilization you’ve already researched, and then use the information from your Early Civilizations Museum Project, your Comparing More Civilizations Worksheet, and your Rise, Fall, and Collapse of Civilizations Worksheet to write a five-paragraph essay about whether that civilization was pushed (external forces were the main cause of its downfall) or it jumped (something internal was responsible—they were their own worst enemy). A “pushed” example: Two empires went to war. You might say the winning empire “pushed” the losing empire into collapse. An example of a civilization having “jumped” can be found in the Easter Island Activity earlier in the course: One of the theories for the collapse of Easter Island is that the inhabitants depleted the natural resources they needed to survive. The people were, in a sense, the cause of their own destruction—they “jumped.”
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Lesson 7.2 Activity: Social Status, Power, and Human BurialsBig History Project
This activity provides students with an opportunity to start thinking about the impact that farming can have on the way humans live and relate to each other. It will also allow them to think about the kinds of questions archaeologists and historians might ask when they must rely upon artifacts rather than written evidence to learn about the past.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Unit 7: Greco-Roman: Early Experiments in Participatory GovernmentBig History Project
Instead of rule by a single person, Athens and Rome developed governments with widespread participation by male elites, which lasted about 170 years in Athens and 480 years in Rome.
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During the same narrow sliver of cosmic time, cities, states, and civilizations emerged independentlyin several places around the world.
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What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2. By Cynthia Stokes Brown
A HISTORIAN REFLECTS
ON A LIFETIME OF CHANGE
ACCELERATION
3. 2 3
Acceleration, an increase
in the rate of change,
is occurring both in
the Universe and in human
culture on planet Earth.
4. 4 5
Definitions
In 2011, three astronomers were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for dis-
covering in 1998 that the expansion of our Universe is accelerating, rather
than decelerating as they had expected. They found that the galaxies farthest
away from our Milky Way galaxy are flying away from us faster than the
galaxies nearer to us. The astronomers discovered this by charting changes
in the distances of far galaxies, which they measured by observing super-
novae that exploded in them. This means simply that the expansion of our
Universe is happening at a faster and faster rate. That is, it is accelerating.
Apparently this accelerating expansion of our Universe has not always been
the case. It seems to have started about 5 billion years ago, about the same
time that our Solar System began. No one knows what anti-gravity force can
be pushing the farthest galaxies away faster and faster. Astronomers are
calling this unknown force “dark energy” and are estimating that it fills
about 70 percent of space. Stay tuned as astronomers learn more about this.
Here on Earth a different kind of acceleration is happening. For humans,
acceleration means that the rate and scale of cultural change is increasing.
David Christian wrote in his book Maps of Time that it might not be an
exaggeration to claim that “more change has occurred in the 20th century
than in all earlier periods of human history.”
Evidence for acceleration
What do we mean when we say that the rate and scale of cultural change
are increasing? What evidence do we have? How can we measure change?
On the cosmological or geological scale, change is measured in millions or
billions of years. On the biological scale, with natural selection setting the
pace, change occurs in thousands to millions of years. On the scale of
human culture, large-scale change used to occur over millennia or centuries,
but now it is taking place in decades or even years.
Let’s look at the length of time that each of the major periods of human
history has lasted. The Paleolithic era, or the era of hunting and gathering,
lasted from the beginning of our species about 250,000 years ago to about
10,000 years ago. That’s about 240,000 years, or 240 millennia. The period
of agriculture lasted about 10,000 years, or 10 millennia, while the modern
industrial era has lasted 200 years, or two-fifths of a millennium. Do you
see a pattern of accelerating change? Each era lasted for a much shorter
period of time than the earlier one. Now we seem already to be near the
beginning of a new era, since we cannot continue long in our present mode:
oil is running out, and the burning of fossil fuels is changing our climate.
Zooming in on the 20th century, we might begin by looking at the increase
of human population. In 1900 the Earth had 1.6 billion people, in 1950 it had
2.5 billion, and in 2000 it had 6.1 billion. In other words, it just about doubled
twice in one century. In the lifetime of anyone who lived through the last
half of the 20th century, the human population doubled in 40 years. This has
never happened before in anyone’s lifetime. Since 2000 the rate of popula-
5. 6 7
tion growth has slowed somewhat, but the human population has still
increased to 7 billion. This total represents an enormous, rapid, and unprec-
edented change for humans and for the planet.
The number of people who have ever lived is estimated to be about 80 billion.
Of those, 20 percent have lived in the modern era. About 8 percent
(7 billion divided by 80 billion) of all humans to walk the Earth are alive today.
What has made it possible for so many people to survive and live a long life?
(Average worldwide life expectancy has risen from about 35 years in 1900
to about 66 years in 2000.) The answer seems to lie in the increased interplay
of energy flowing through human systems and increasing innovations in
human technology.
The force that propels the acceleration of change in human societies today
is the burning of fossil fuels — coal, oil, and natural gas — and the tech-
nological innovations of the modern era. Oil came into use in the early 20th
century, revolutionizing transportation by fueling cars, trucks, tractors,
airplanes, and tanks. During the 20th century energy use in the world ex-
panded 13-fold, which included oil production soaring sixfold just from 1950
to 1973. The three fossil fuels provide energy that originated from the
Sun and was sent to Earth millions of years ago, supporting early life forms,
preserved somewhat in their remains and then retained underground or
under the sea until humans retrieve it. This extra energy propels our food
production and our technologies (transportation, communications, financial
systems, space exploration, and military actions). Our global civilization
is based on fossil fuels at the present time. As of 2010 only about 16 percent
of global energy comes from renewable sources.
More people and more energy from fossil fuels has added up to a great
increase in the size of the global economy — a 10-fold increase since the
end of World War II in 1945. The period since then is sometimes called
the “Great Acceleration,” because global increases in population,
production, and energy use have increased at a previously unknown rate.
Technology over three generations
The changes in technology that occurred in the 20th century may be more
vivid if I compare some aspects of the life of my grandmother, Bertha Mantz
Bast, who lived from 1888 to 1987, with aspects of mine.
My grandmother married my grandfather, Paul Jacob Bast, in 1909. They
lived with his parents on a dairy farm in southern Wisconsin, 20 miles from
Milwaukee. At that time Grandpa already had his first Ford tractor, but
they had no electricity, car, radio, or telephone. They traveled only as far as
they could walk, or as far as horses could pull a sleigh in winter or a buggy
in summer. On special occasions they might take a train. They milked the
cows by hand and pumped water into the kitchen by hand. Grandma hung the
laundry on lines to dry and grew their vegetables in her gardens. The farm
had kerosene lamps, wood stoves for cooking and heating, and a privy (toilet)
outside. Everyone bathed in the kitchen in a large wooden tub. Grandma
said they were clean and happy.
During Grandma’s life on the farm — until they moved to a city in 1954 —
innovations appeared that changed her life immensely. Sometime before
1920 Grandpa bought his first car, a Model-T Ford that had to be hand-cranked
to start the engine. (Grandma never learned to drive.) Electricity arrived in
1921, ending the kerosene lamps. Soon there was indoor plumbing, hoses
to water the garden, and eventually milking and washing machines, plus
radios, telephones, and phonographs. In her 80s Grandma flew on an
airplane twice to visit her daughter, who lived in San Salvador, El Salvador.
In my lifetime technological innovations have appeared even faster. Before
I married in 1961 antibiotics had come into use to help fight illnesses,
color television (1940) had been invented, as well as atomic energy (1945)
and credit cards (1950). After my marriage the first man landed on the Moon
in 1969, the first IBM PCs appeared in 1981, and the first Apple Macintoshes
in 1984.
6. 8 9
After that the list accelerates even more:
1990 World Wide Web
1991 First hydrogen fuel cell for automobiles
1992 Digital cell phones
1995 DVDs
1997 Toyota hybrid car released in Japan
1998 High-definition television
2000 Nano-Tex fabrics
2001 New artificial heart and liver technology; iPods
2004 Facebook
2005 YouTube
2007 New record of efficiency in solar cells
2010 First iPad
Now in my later years I am much more hopelessly out of date than my
grandmother ever was. I have a much harder time keeping up with the inno-
vations that keep appearing because the pace of change has accelerated.
Yet the payoff for me has been staggeringly wonderful. Now I can connect
almost instantaneously with anyone in the world and with all the knowledge
in the world. I can jump in a plane and be anywhere within hours. I can
finish the maintenance work of my daily life in very little time. Grandma
would hardly be able to believe it, and she’s been gone only 25 years.
In these paragraphs I have described only innovations as they have affected
daily life. But technology has transformed all areas of human life. Today
human activity is connected in a simultaneous global network never before
attained on Earth — an exchange network that includes medicines, foods,
and weapons. What will the pace of change be like during your lifetime?