Abstract 8 Career Theory Paper [Type text] [Type text] [Type text] 7 Career Theory Paper Developmental theories propose that you make changes during developmental stages and adapt to your changing life roles. Donald Super believed his research would become segments of potential future theories but instead resulted in the Self-Concept Developmental Theory. The Self-Concept Developmental Theory was the focal point of Super’s approach to vocational behavior. Although, vocational self-concept is the main determinant that defines career patterns you will follow throughout your life, both internal factors and external situational conditions are also main producers of Super’s Self-Concept Developmental Theory. Moreover, Super’s approach consisted of five stages, the growth stage (from birth-15), the exploratory stage (ages 15-24), the establishment stage (ages 25-44), the maintenance stage (ages 45-64) and the decline stage (ages 65+). Personally, I have only completed the growth stage and am currently in the process of completing the exploratory stage. I. Developmental Self-Concept Theory Developmental theories suggest that people make changes during developmental stages and adapt to their changing life roles. Self-concept is an essential part of developmental theories. People should project a realistic self into the work environment during the exploration stage. By being self-aware an individual narrows their career choices that are guided by their social class, level of interests, and by what society has deemed appropriate for their gender. Although Donald Super is said to be responsible for the Developmental Self-Concept Theory he did not consider himself a theorist. Instead, he viewed his research as segments of potential future theories. Super began promoting the concept that career development occurs throughout one’s lifespan in the 1940s. The Self-Concept Theory was the focal point of Super’s approach to vocational behavior. Starting in the 1960s Super and his colleagues began research to determine how self-concept was achieved in vocational behavior; this research lasted over 50 years! Their research found that vocational self-concepts develop through “physical and mental growth, observations of work, identification with working adults, general environment, and general experiences” (Zunker, 2012, p.46). Although vocational self-concept is the main determinant that defines career patterns an individual will follow throughout your life, it is only part of the Self-Concept Theory. Both internal factors and external situational conditions are also main producers of the self-concept development. Super informed counselors that clients have the best chance at making decisions when they are aware of the work world and themselves. He proposed that learning how to plan for the future and understanding the benefits of planning produce career maturity. Moreover, Super asserted that it was important to increase one’s self-knowledge. Suggesting.

1. Abstract
8
Career Theory Paper
[Type text] [Type text] [Type text]
7
Career Theory Paper
Developmental theories propose that you make changes during
developmental stages and adapt to your changing life roles.
Donald Super believed his research would become segments of
potential future theories but instead resulted in the Self-Concept
Developmental Theory. The Self-Concept Developmental
Theory was the focal point of Super’s approach to vocational
behavior. Although, vocational self-concept is the main
determinant that defines career patterns you will follow
throughout your life, both internal factors and external
situational conditions are also main producers of Super’s Self-
Concept Developmental Theory. Moreover, Super’s approach
consisted of five stages, the growth stage (from birth-15), the
exploratory stage (ages 15-24), the establishment stage (ages
25-44), the maintenance stage (ages 45-64) and the decline
stage (ages 65+). Personally, I have only completed the growth
stage and am currently in the process of completing the
exploratory stage.
I. Developmental Self-Concept Theory
Developmental theories suggest that people make changes
during developmental stages and adapt to their changing life
roles. Self-concept is an essential part of developmental
theories. People should project a realistic self into the work
environment during the exploration stage. By being self-aware
an individual narrows their career choices that are guided by
their social class, level of interests, and by what society has

2. deemed appropriate for their gender.
Although Donald Super is said to be responsible for the
Developmental Self-Concept Theory he did not consider himself
a theorist. Instead, he viewed his research as segments of
potential future theories. Super began promoting the concept
that career development occurs throughout one’s lifespan in the
1940s. The Self-Concept Theory was the focal point of Super’s
approach to vocational behavior. Starting in the 1960s Super
and his colleagues began research to determine how self-
concept was achieved in vocational behavior; this research
lasted over 50 years! Their research found that vocational self-
concepts develop through “physical and mental growth,
observations of work, identification with working adults,
general environment, and general experiences” (Zunker, 2012,
p.46). Although vocational self-concept is the main determinant
that defines career patterns an individual will follow throughout
your life, it is only part of the Self-Concept Theory. Both
internal factors and external situational conditions are also main
producers of the self-concept development.
Super informed counselors that clients have the best chance at
making decisions when they are aware of the work world and
themselves. He proposed that learning how to plan for the future
and understanding the benefits of planning produce career
maturity. Moreover, Super asserted that it was important to
increase one’s self-knowledge. Suggesting that if one knows
oneself they will learn to broaden their career considerations or
at least be confident of your initial choices.
II. Stages and Tasks
The first stage in Super’s developmental approach is growth.
Growth is “characterized by development of capacity, attitudes,
interests, and needs associated with self-concepts” from birth to
about age fifteen (Zunker, 2012, p.47). Furthermore, from ages
four to ten a child requires dominant career fantasies that focus
little on reality. Between the ages of eleven and twelve, an
adolescent’s career choices begin to become based off their
interests. Moreover, between ages thirteen and fifteen

3. adolescents begin to incorporate reality into their career choices
by relating their talents to job requirements.
The second stage of Super’s developmental approach is
exploration, which occurs between ages 15 and 25. Exploration
is “characterized by a tentative phase in which choices are
narrowed but not finalized” (Zunker, 2012, p. 47). During this
stage, a young adult develops a realistic self-concept and
determines a desired career by exploring their options and
trying out careers. There are three developmental tasks which
occur during this stage, including crystallization, specification,
and implementation. Crystalizing occurs between ages 15 and
17. When crystalizing, choices are made by integrating the
young adult’s needs, interests, and abilities, then incorporating
them into fantasies, coursework, part-time work, volunteering,
and shadowing. Specification occur when reality strikes the
young adult as they move into the job market or pursue higher
education, at which time their desired career choices are
converted into more specific choices. This typically happens
between ages 18 and 21. Implementation occurs from ages 21
to 24 during which time the young adult begins to enter the
employment world and attempts a career on a provisional basis.
If this career does not work the young adult may go back to
crystalizing and specifying.
Following the exploration stage is the establishment stage
occurring during ages 25 to 44. Establishment is “characterized
by trial and stabilization through work experiences” (Zunker,
2012, p. 47). In other words, during the establishment stage
people look for a permanent job and work on securing this job.
There are two tasks that occur during this stage: stabilization
and consolidation. The process of stability occurs between ages
24 and 25 when an adult confirms that the career choice they
made is the correct one. This is done by work experience, and
the use of talents to show the correct career choice has been
made. From 35 to 40 consolidation of an individual’s job is
acquired by establishing themselves in a career through
seniority, and advancement status.

4. Next is the maintenance stage, which occurs from ages 45 to 64,
and is “characterized by a continual adjustment process to
improve working position and situation” (Zunker, 2012, p.47).
During this stage an individual attempts to continue their career
by continuing established work patterns while facing
competition from the younger generation that is entering the
work force.
The final developmental stage is the decline stage starting at
age 65. The decline stage is “characterized by preretirement
considerations, reduced work output, and eventually retirement”
(Zunker, 2012, p. 47). While an individual is going to through
the retirement processes it is common for them to seek another
form of satisfaction.
III. Applying the Developmental Self-Concept Theory to my
Life
During the first part of my growth stage between the ages of
four and ten I loved animals. I therefore wanted to be a
veterinarian in order to help animals that were sick. This was a
very unrealistic career goal because I hate anything to do with
science. However, this is in line with Super’s approach that
during these ages your career goals are focused on fantasy
rather than reality. Moreover, the older I became the more I
enjoyed television shows and just about anything else that had
to do with the law and crimes. So between the ages of eleven
and twelve as suggested by Super’s approach, my career choices
developed with my interests into wanting to help victims of
crimes, either by being a detective or a lawyer. Moreover,
between the ages thirteen and fifteen I began to realize I really
enjoyed arguing and was quite good at it, so I decided that I
would be a lawyer. This is allied with Super’s approach that
between the ages of thirteen and fifteen: you relate your talents
to job requirements.
The second stage of Super’s developmental stages is the
exploration stage, and this is the stage I am currently in. During
the crystalizing part of this stage when an adolescent explores
their choices through some kind of work (i.e. coursework, part-

5. time work, volunteering, and shadowing) I interned at a law
office, to determine if I truly wanted to become a lawyer. After
my internship I determined that I wanted to be a lawyer, and
help those less fortune. During the specification portion of the
exploration stage when reality strikes as an individual pursues
higher education, I completed my bachelor’s degree and went on
to law school for a year. However, I did not continue with the
implementation portion of the exploration stage since I did not
succeed in law school. Instead I cycled back to the specification
portion of the stage and decided to try school counseling
because the reality was I just wanted to help others. In
conclusion I am currently in the specification portion of my
exploration stage.
IV. Conclusion
Overall, developmental theories advise that you make changes
during developmental stages and adapt to changing life roles.
Donald Super is responsible for the Developmental Self-
Concept Theory. Super determined that vocational Self-Concept
is the main determinant that defines career patterns you will
follow throughout your life, in conjunction with both internal
factors and external situational conditions. Moreover, he found
that we go through five different developmental stages while
developing our career of which, I am currently midway through
the exploration stage.
References
Zunker, Vernon G. “Theories of Career Development.” Career
Counseling: A Holistic Approach. Belmont, CA:
Thomson/Brooks-Cole, 2012. 45-47. Print.
Running head: JOHN HOLLAND’S THEMATIC TYPOLOGY
1
JOHN HOLLAND’S THEMATIC TYPOLOGY 7
Abstract
John Holland initiated a guide that helps individuals uncover

6. the reasoning behind their occupational paths. This theory is
enlisted with themes that typecast each individual according to
their personality style. These themes are Realistic,
Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional.
Each theme is defined by personal styles that result is specific
occupational environments. This paper will attempt to
rationalize my career choices and how it aligns with these
themes and concepts illustrated by Zunker (2012).
John Holland typology is a concept that is found under
trait-oriented theories. According to Zunker (2012), this theory
derives from the idea that individuals tend to become attracted
to the careers that best suits their personality and relatively
aligns with their background, (p. 27). Holland theorized that
there is a systematic reasoning behind the career path an
individual chooses, which can be illustrated through his
thematic modal of personal styles and occupational
environments. These themes are: Realistic, Investigative,
Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional. The themes
are used as a guide to help bring logic behind their past,
current, and/or future careers. For example, socially ambiguous

7. individuals would be categorized under the social theme, with
an occupation that requires public interactions such as teachers,
professors, counselors, etc. The sole purpose of this
typecasting is to help the individual pay more attention to their
whole person and conscious of their occupational orientations.
In my own career, I see how this system is efficient. My
passion is to be a counseling psychologist. This profession
requires constant interaction with a variety of people deriving
from different backgrounds. According to Holland’s modal,
based on my occupational choice, my personal style is aligned
with social interaction and good communication, with social,
community, and educational problems as my main trepidation.
These characteristics are defined under the social theme.
Although this is an accurate distinction of who I am from an
occupational viewpoint, I believe it would be erroneous to use
this as my sole identity. No one person is linear in his or her
humanistic make-up. Additionally, it is nearly impossible to
categorize an individual based on one variable. In this regard,
the single variable would be the themes. One should consider
the possibility that their occupational classification is defined
by more than one theme, or consider the notion that their career
path is not completely set in stone because of their intertwined
typology. In this instance, the dominant personality would be
listed first, with the individual’s submissive, yet present,
personalities follow. Zunker (2012) gave an example of CRI.
This coding represents the themes of Conventional, Realistic,
and Investigative, (pg. 28). This illustrates that this particular
individual is not subordinate to a “boxed-in” occupation, and
their personal style allows for professional diversity.
Holland expressed that an individual could have inner
relationships of personality style, (p. 29). This is typically
illustrated within his hexagonal model. Zunker (2012)
introduces five concepts of Holland’s modal that presents the
elements behind the inner relationships between personal styles
and occupational environments (p. 29). These five concepts are
consistency, differentiation, identity, congruence, and calculus.

8. Consistency is the first of the key concepts. Zunker
(2012) states that consistency is the measurement of
commonality between environmental and personality types (p.
29). Holland proposes that if an individual has consistency
within their interpersonal and internal variables, than their level
of stability will be more fluent. According to the hexagon, this
type of fluency would be more incorporated with codes such as
ESA (Enterprising, Social, and Artistic) or RIC (Realistic,
Investigative, and Conventional).
Differentiation is the second key concept. Holland
describes this concept as the inability to concretely define one’s
personality type. The third concept is identity. This concept
refers to the level in which an individual has occupational
clarity. Zunker (2012) implies that when an individual has
fluctuating occupational goals, they are placed on the lower end
of the identity spectrum versus those individuals who have a
clear and concise occupational perception (p. 30).
The fourth key concept of this modal is congruence. This
concept refers to the idea that an individuals personal styles and
their environment are in sync. The last key concept is calculus.
Zunker (2012) proposed that this concept relied primarily on
empirical research techniques (p. 30). What this means is that,
the key to understanding the correlation between personal style
and occupational development is through further examination of
the individuals is time. As time progresses, so does the
individual. There is no set timeframe to when a person evolves.
Therefore it is best to identify a theme by the transitions the
individual makes throughout their lifespan.
To sum up Holland’s theory, Zunker (2012) emphasized
the importance of self-knowledge. The best way for individuals
to fully immerse themself into a fulfilling career is to first have
self-awareness and occupational clarity (p. 31). The themes are
used as a coding sheet to help the individual self-identify. Once
they know whom they are, how they are, and the purpose behind
their career choices, only then will they have occupational
coherency and satisfaction. If they do not reach this level of

9. self-awareness, they will continue to be in limbo of
differentiation and uncertainty.
Going solely based on Holland’s typology modal, I believe
that my code is SEA (Social, Enterprising, and Artistic). I think
I am this code because I am an individual that is layered with
different personality traits. Some tend to stand out more than
others. Nevertheless, each trait collectively generates my whole
being.
The Social theme is my predominate theme. I am an only
child; therefore, it was imperative that I integrated with others
in order to formalize healthy interactions and relationships with
my peers. Because of this, I learned to value the company of
others. As I matriculated through life, I discovered that my
primary passion was to pursue a career in which I was helping
the very people I grew to love. Counseling Psychology
appeared to be the best choice for me. I would have the
opportunity to meet a diverse group of people, learn about their
lives, and offer my assistance. I could educate them with
lessons form my experiences, and educate myself with lessons
of theirs. Overall, my upbringing has played an enormous part
of my career path. I believe that if I didn’t have the opportunity
to learn about myself through various activities within different
settings, I would be unsure of who I am and uncertain of my
future and occupational outlook.
Enterprising is the second element to my Holland code.
Because I was an athlete, I possess leadership qualities that
have carried over into my later years. Being an athlete requires
athleticism. However being a great athlete requires good
verbal/communication skills, and ambition. This trait,
combined with my social thematic traits, has unknowingly led
me down my counseling psychologist career path.
The last element to my Holland code is Artistic. This trait
does not stand out as profusely as social and enterprising.
Nevertheless, there are moments in my past that dealt with
artistic behavior, which I believe to be relevant to my current
career path. When I was younger I played instruments (piano,

10. viola, and recorder), as well as went to a performing arts
program where I learned to sing, dance, and act. These
opportunities helped me come out of my shell and become more
vocal and present. Due to the fact that those moments provided
me with life-changing experiences, I currently intern at the
same nonprofit that I molded me when I was younger in the
performing arts to help uplift and encourage inner city
adolescents to overcome their circumstances.
Holland’s code should not be used as an overall predictor
of an individual’s sole identity and occupational journey.
Instead, it should be looked upon as a reference tool in helping
them optimize their potential. Who we are is typically
transferred in what we do. Because of this, it is important to
have self-awareness. According to Zunker (2012), Holland’s
theory has proved to be the most practical and useful theory
when in relation to occupational paths and career counseling (p.
31). Personally, this typology has helped clarify questions that
I once had about my journey and has left me with a sense of
direction. I now know that my path is not accidental, and
everything I am and potentially become, will be influenced and
transpired in what I do.

11. References
Zunker, V.G., (2012). Career counseling: A holistic approach.
Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
2
JOHN HOLLAND’S TYPOLOGY
Abstract
After spending time learning each career development based
theory and internalizing how it could be pertinent to my
occupational course this far, I ended up feeling most connected
with John Holland’s Typology theory. Due to Holland’s
emphasis on gravitation and affiliation to a particular career
based on elements such as one’s personality and background
shaped by life history and genetics, I feel that I by large
identify with this particular conception because of my
evaluation of how these factors have predominantly influenced
my career choices (Zunker, 2012). Moreover, the intricacies of
his theory include five fundamental concepts pertaining to his
interrelated hexagonal model involving personality styles and
occupational environments that I will later delve into (Zunker,
2012). I feel that these aspects of his theory further support the
association I feel it has to my career journey and the choices I
have made (Zunker 2012). So overall, throughout the paper, I
will be going more into depth regarding how his proposed
discussion on the matter of career choices applies to my career
development and the career path I have chosen at this time in
my life.

12. Zunker (2012) discusses John Holland’s Typology theory as
individuals that are drawn to a particular career due to not only
to their personal attributes, but also their encounters, cultural
influences, etc. that make up their background. At the center of
Holland’s theory is the general notion that an individual
chooses their career path in order to fulfill their needs while
being provided with satisfaction (Zunker, 2012). This follows
my understanding of Holland’s speculation that a career
decision is based upon an expansion of an individual and how
they see their character or personality along with their
occupational inclination that he refers to as a modal personal
style (Zunker, 2012). Overall, he highlights the importance of
self-knowledge and comprehending the environmental models
and influences that attract an individual to certain positions so
the career process can be more stable and satisfying in the long
run (Zunker, 2012).
This initial understanding of his theory is what drew me in
immediately. When thinking of what field to enter, I have
always incorporated a few factors into my decision-making.
This includes my natural need and want to care for others and
the hope of finding an environment where I can utilize this
characteristic of my personality. Finding such a profession
would allow me to not only carry out something I dearly value,
but also feel fulfilled while being able to actively and

13. continuously engage in something that relates to my history and
who I am.
This leads me to the explanation of Holland’s proposed modal
occupational environments and their corresponding modal
personal orientations as mentioned earlier. As Zunker (2012)
states, they “can be arranged in a coded system following his
modal-personal-orientation themes (p 28)” which are realistic,
investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional.
According to Holland, most can be classified in at least one or
more of these six groups which I will briefly summarize. The
first theme, realistic, connects to a personal style that isn’t as
much focused on social interaction or abstractions, but more so
concrete elements that can be seen and/or touched (Zunker,
2012). So it makes sense that the associated career
environments would consist of occupations such as an
electrician or mechanic (Zunker, 2012).
The second theme, investigative, is more math and science
based with a drive to habitually use analysis. In this case, an
indulging profession could include some kind of technician or
programmer where they more so identify themselves as being
problem solving and intellectual (Zunker, 2012). Holland’s third
theme, artistic, embraces mentally creative abilities and the
value of expression specifically in an art form (Zunker, 2012)
This means that one would perhaps describe themselves as
autonomous and may more so be attracted to professions like a
writer or designer (Zunker, 2012).
Lastly are the themes social, enterprising, and conventional.
Social’s personal style includes communication and an interest
in the community with fulfilling careers in the education or
medical fields (Zunker, 2012). Enterprising was described as
those who identify with perhaps being compelling and ambitious
with attraction to compatible occupations such as manager and
sales types of positions (Zunker, 2012). And finally,
conventional is delineated as someone who embodies practical
and structural traits that would thrive in more of a clerical type
of career (Zunker, 2012).

14. As I came to comprehend more of each of the themes, I was first
caught off guard. I thought to myself if I had to pick one it
would be social since I first and foremost recognize myself to
be a helpful and caring person, but I felt like there was more to
me than that. Then I grew fonder of Holland’s theory as I
further investigated from Zunker (2012) the inner relationships
amongst one another. This made me appreciate and relate to the
variation and fluidity that Holland’s theory embodies.
Additionally, I can see how this theory works effectively with
others in the sense that it captivates relationship styles that
could apply to people from various origins since it’s not very
restrictive.
These relationships are presented in what was introduced as a
RIASEC hexagonal model with five key concepts (Zunker,
2012). The first discussed was consistency. This relates to how
some occupational environments and personality types share
alike factors, and the closer the types are on the hexagon, the
more consistent the person is and perhaps will be in their career
path (Zunker, 2012). As for differentiation, Zunker (2012)
describes this concept as the level of distinctiveness of the
individual’s personality or occupational profile. Those that have
a more defined code will most likely be more reliable, and in
terms of practical use, it allows the individual and counselor to
better understand how to proceed when making career choices.
The third concept, identity, is indicated as having a sense of
clarity and stability regarding an individual’s gifts, goals, and
interests. And following this is congruence, which is explained
as a person’s personality type matching or being mingled in
their work environment. This is mostly related to performance,
objectives, and satisfaction (Zunker, 2012). Finally, the fifth
step, calculus, is emphasized by Zunker (2012) as “the
theoretical relationships between types of occupational
environments [that] lend themselves to empirical research
techniques” (p. 30).
Following my study of each of these codes, I believe the theme
I essentially fit the best, as I mentioned above, is social. Since I

15. can remember, I have always been concerned with social
problems and the wellbeing of everyone and everything. I feel
that this is not only due to who I am and what I value, but also
my background, which directly applies to Holland’s theory. My
parents had me when they were pretty young, and they broke up
after I was a few months old so I was alone most of my
upbringing since my dad didn’t live as close and my mom was
always working. I was lonely a lot so my personal relationships
with others were a main focus for me. Also, I believe that
seeing some of my friends and family struggle with depression,
anxiety, and/or dysfunctional family dynamics and having
issues with this myself have led me into this type of direction.
Early on, I realized that nothing was more important to me than
fixing my pain and helping others with theirs. So I naturally
gravitated towards doing something related to helping others,
and counseling seemed to be the most suitable choice for me.
Additionally, I feel like I have always been approached by
certain family and friends and kind of taken on a “counselor”
role. With this career move of attending school for school
counseling, I will be able to continue that type of role but in a
professional setting and with more knowledge of how to
properly fulfill that role. This way I will be in an interactive
occupational environment where I can utilize my social
personality style. Overall, I feel that this relates to part of
Holland’s theory that individuals are attracted to certain
occupational environments that allow them to make use of their
skills and in a sense set forth their values (Zunker, 2012). This
falls in line with his five key concepts as well, especially
identification and congruence. I believe my identified talents
and interests prove to be congruent with the occupational
environment that I have chosen.
Secondly, I feel that I identify with Holland’s artistic theme
because I have always been interested in the arts. In middle
school and high school, I was involved in drama and choir and
on my own time, I enjoyed writing, singing songs and dabbling
into fashion. I always felt validated and fulfilled creating things

16. which relates to my previous career at an agency where I
exercised my ability to write and create campaigns for certain
clients. I enjoyed the expressiveness and originality I was able
to practice, but after a while I realized that I wanted to work on
something that I felt was more valuable which is to help others.
Although I do miss primarily practicing this side of me, I feel
that in time I will be able to incorporate this part of myself into
my counseling.
I consider myself to be a strong SA, but if I had to choose one
more theme it would have to be conventional making me an
SAC. This was a hard one for me to decide since I also
somewhat feel drawn to enterprising and realistic, however
looking at my past experiences I realize that I have enjoyed
more controlled and structured type of environments (Zunker,
2012). I think this awareness brings to light part of Holland’s
theory that my code is somewhat inconsistent since SAC isn’t as
close on the hexagon model. However, since I do feel most
strongly towards social and artistic, I am confident about my
self-knowledge regarding my occupational environment and
modal personal orientation that counseling is the right career
choice.
When taking into consideration how my current career choice is
related to my cultural influences, I realize that it’s impacted me
in the sense that mostly everyone has gone to college in my
family and community, and it is generally frowned upon to not
pursue education. I attribute this to the value I place on
furthering my education, and the pressure I have always
received of needing a degree. I believe this cultural expectation
has pushed me to work towards obtaining a degree, and seeking
a decent paying job. Also, this pressure has led me to want to
help others who are aiming towards schooling after high school
and the pressure they may be experiencing to do so on top of
other personal issues which is the focus of my career now.
Overall, the cultural impact I have experienced I can say is
definitely interrelated to all of my career pursuits so far in my
life.

17. In conclusion, I have found Holland’s theory to be a practical
resource to refer to. Not only did it help me clarify my own
personality style, preferences, and inconsistencies I have in
terms of congruence with career environments, but it also
proved to be a universally applicable theory I would like to use
in the future on others. Furthermore, I learned the importance of
self-evaluation and self-knowledge, and how it can help one
identify and seek a suitable, satisfying, and stable career that
matches their dominant personal orientation. Ultimately, this
theory validated my career choice and the fact that I will be
able to exercise the things that are most important to me which
will in turn lead to a more fulfilling career and life overall.

18. References
Zunker, V.G., (2012). Career counseling: A holistic approach.
Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.