This document provides definitions and examples for various math terms from A to Z. It summarizes each term with a definition and example. Many of the terms are related to other math concepts taught, such as using variables in algebra and geometry, exponents in equations, and fractions in various subjects. The document aims to explain foundational math terms and how they connect across topics.

1. A to Z Math Project
Cleo Pitt
Block B
Gr. 9

2. Algebra
• Algebra is when variables are used to represent numbers and
quantities in formulas and equations. Algebra connects to the
other sections we have learnt because in geometry you're
trying to find missing angles or sides using variables to replace
them. Another subject it relates to is Pythagorean theorem, as
its formula is a^2+b^2=c^2 which contains variables.
• Ex. 9x = 81 x = 9
A variable can be any given number in the alphabet.

3. BFSD alsorememberedasBestFriendsShareDesserts,whichrepresentsthereal
termsBrackets,Fractions,SolveandDivide.
• BFSD is an acronym that was created to help solve equations. It’s
similar to Bedmas but uses different letters for different
descriptions. This topic connects to other sections as equations are a
big part in math and this term helps you achieve the answer more
efficiently.
• Ex.
Question- (1x/2) + 1/3 = ¾
Brackets- (1x/2) + (1/3) = (3/4) Find a common denominator, which you multiply by the numerator
Fractions- 12x/2 + 12/3 = 36/4 Divide the fractions
Sort- 6x + 4 = 9 Sort where the x’s go
- 4 -4
Divide- 6x/6 = 5/6 Divide the simplified answers by the x’s number
x = 5/6 or 0.83

4. Center of rotation
• The center of rotation is when the point of a rotation doesn’t
move, but the rest of the figure rotates around that fixed
point. This topic relates to other subjects such as graphing
because when graphing you sometimes have to mirror, rotate
or flip the figure.
• Ex.

5. Distributive property
• Distributive property is a rule in which states that a (b + c) =
ab + ac, but with these variables representing numbers. This
connects to other sections we’ve learnt, for example it helps
to simplify questions to make the solving process easier.
• Ex. 2 (3 + 4) = 2 x(times) 3 + 2 x(times) 4

6. Exponents
• Exponents are the amount representing the power to which a
number will use. It is usually expressed as a raised symbol
beside the number, called the base. This connects to other
sections we have learnt as exponents can be used in many
mathematics, one for example is equations.
• Ex. 2^3 which means 2 x(times) 2 x(times) 2

7. Fractions
• Fractions are used to count part of something, therefore it is
not a whole number. This relates to other sections because
they are used in equations and most math subjects.
• Ex. ½, 7/9, 3 1/4

8. Graphing
• Graphing is a type of diagram that shows a relationship
between 2 sets of numbers which go on as a set of points that
have coordinates. This relates to other sections as in some
cases graphing gives a visual that lets you see something from
a different perspective that calculations don’t show.
• Ex.

9. Hypotenuse
• The hypotenuse is the longest side of a right triangle. This
connects towards other sections, for example in Pythagorean
theorem the hypotenuse it one of the critical assets, as it is
either what is being found or what helps find another side of
the triangle.
• Ex.

10. Inequalities
• Inequalities are the relation between two expressions that are
not equal. It relates to other sections we’ve been learning as
when doing Pythagorean theorem, and inequalities we see
whether both ends of the equation are equivalent or if ones
larger or smaller-different.
• Ex.

11. Just do it
• Just do it is a phrase that is applied when you see any sort of
multiplication. This tactic relates towards other sections we’ve
been learning such as fractions, where it is the most
commonly used; to use this method with fractions you just
multiply both numerators and both denominators
• Ex. 1/4 x 2/3 = 2/12

12. Kilometer
• A kilometer is a metric unit of measurement that is equal to
1000 meters. This connects towards other sections we’ve
learnt as some word problems with units use it’s abbreviation,
which is Km; or some problems need you to convert it’s unit to
a different one, due to various units in one question.
• Ex. Kilometer= Km
1km = 0.621 miles
1km = 100 000 centimeters

13. Linear relations
• Linear relations are when you graph the relationship between
2 quantities, therefore meaning the variable either grows or
decreases proportionally with the other. This relates to how
graphing and knowing your axes are important in math.
• Ex.

14. Monomial
• A monomial is an expression in algebra that has one term.
Therefore meaning it has no additions or subtractions in it’s
expression. This connects towards other sections we have
learned as when you use polynomials you need to know the
types of names that go with the amount of terms.
• Ex. 3xy = monomial (1 term)
• 2x + 3y + 2 = trinomial (3 terms)

15. Numeral coefficient
• A numeral coefficient is the numerical part that stands in front
of a variable. To solve a question with a numerical coefficient
you multiply it by the variable in front of it. This relates to
other sections we’ve been learning as it simplifies and or
solves questions.
• Ex.

16. Order of operation
• The order of operation is the use of addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division in a question. When you have
multiple operations in a questions you must think of Pedmas
to calculate the question. This topic relates to other sections
we’ve been learning as in most math equations there are
more than one operation leading us to use Pedmas.
• Ex.
Pedmas stands for Parentheses, Exponents
(also powers and roots), Division and
Multiplication which are interchangable
but usually calculated from left to right,
and Addition and Subtraction which apply
to the same steps as Division and
Multiplication.

17. Pythagorean theorem
• Pythagorean theorem is a theorem which states that the
square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares
on the other two sides. For this to work the triangle must have
a 90 degree angle. The equation for Pythagorean theorem is
a^2+b^2=c^2, c being the hypotenuse. This topic is connected to other
sections we’ve learnt as it’s used in geometry to find missing
numbers and sides of triangles.
• Ex.

18. Quadrants
• Quadrants are the four sections which are in the x and y plane,
they are divided by the x axe horizontally and the y axe
vertically, both passing through the center. This topic connects
to other sections we’ve been learning as when you’re
graphing you will need to know which quadrant your
coordinates go in.
• Ex.

19. Reciprocal
• The reciprocal is the multiplier of a number that gives you the
product of 1. To do this you put your whole number into a
fraction, then multiply it by the inverse by switching the
denominator and the numerator. This relates to other sections
we’ve been learning as it will give you the product of 1
showing you a way to simplify.
• Ex. 3/4 x 4/3 = 12/12 = 1

20. Surface area
• The surface area is the total area of the surface of a three-
dimensional object. There are formulas for each type of
shape, which making the calculating quicker and easier. This
topic relates to other sections as it can lead to some
symmetry.
• Ex. Rectangular Prism :
SA = 2 (lw + wh + hl)
• Cylinder :
SA = 2 rer^2 + 2iiiirh

21. Tangent
• A tangent is when the straight line touches the curve of a
circle at only one point. The radius is always perpendicular to
the tangent line. This topic relates to other sections we’ve
learnt as it’s used during the geometry unit.
• Ex.

22. Unit fraction
• A unit fraction is a rational number written as a fraction, the
numerator is always 1 and the denominator is a positive
integer. This relates to other sections we’ve learnt as when
you need to simplify a fraction this could be one of the ways.
• Ex. 3/5 = 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 = 3 x(times) 1/5

23. Vertex
• A vertex is a point where two or more straight lines meet, also
simply called a corner. This topic relates towards other
sections such as Pythagorean theorem and geometry because
they have many vertices.
• Ex.

24. Whole number
• A whole number has no fractions or decimals, but they can
still have positives and negatives. This topic connects to other
sections we have been learning since whole numbers are used
all throughout math.
• Ex. -10, 17, 324

25. X coordinate
• The x coordinate is the horizontal value in a pair of
coordinates, it shows how far the point is. The x coordinate is
always written first in a ordered pair of coordinates, therefore
meaning it would go x,y. This topic relates to other sections
such as graphing and graph diagrams because you need to
know where the coordinates go.
• Ex.

26. Y coordinate
• The y coordinate is the vertical value in a pair of coordinates, it
shows how far up or down the point is. It is always written
second in an ordered pair of coordinates, therefore meaning it
goes x,y. this relates to what we’ve been learning because
when graphing or doing diagrams on a graph you must know
where the coordinates go.
• Ex.

27. Zero pairs
• Zero pairs are a pair of numbers whose sum is zero, positive
and negative numbers are used to create zero pairs in
equations. This topic relates to other sections we’ve learnt as
when you do the solving step in BFSD you find zero pairs to
narrow it down.
• Ex. +1, -1 =0 They cancel each other out