Cloud computing is the cluster of autonomic computing, grid computing and utility computing. Cloud
providers are there to rescue their customers from the problem of dynamism. The providers focus on
resource sharing and in improving the performance. Energy consumption is the major factor to degrade the
performance. Reducing energy sprawl will bloom the performance. This paper delineates the different
techniques involved in scheduling the workload of the servers in order to minimize the energy sprawl.
A survey to harness an efficient energy in cloud computingijujournal
Cloud computing affords huge potential for dynamism, flexibility and cost-effective IT operations. Cloud computing requires many tasks to be executed by the provided resources to achieve good performance, shortest response time and high utilization of resources. To achieve these challenges there is a need to develop a new energy aware scheduling algorithm that outperform appropriate allocation map of task to
optimize energy consumption. This study accomplished with all the existing techniques mainly focus on reducing energy consumption.
A SURVEY: TO HARNESS AN EFFICIENT ENERGY IN CLOUD COMPUTINGijujournal
Cloud computing affords huge potential for dynamism, flexibility and cost-effective IT operations. Cloud computing requires many tasks to be executed by the provided resources to achieve good performance, shortest response time and high utilization of resources. To achieve these challenges there is a need to develop a new energy aware scheduling algorithm that outperform appropriate allocation map of task to optimize energy consumption. This study accomplished with all the existing techniques mainly focus on reducing energy consumption.
A survey on energy efficient with task consolidation in the virtualized cloud...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A survey on energy efficient with task consolidation in the virtualized cloud...eSAT Journals
Abstract Cloud computing is a new model of computing that is widely used in today’s industry, organizations and society in information technology service delivery as a utility. It enables organizations to reduce operational expenditure and capital expenditure. However, cloud computing with underutilized resources still consumes an unacceptable amount of energy than fully utilized resource. Many techniques for optimizing energy consumption in virtualized cloud have been proposed. This paper surveys different energy efficient models with task consolidation in the virtualized cloud computing environment. Keywords: Cloud computing, Virtualization, Task consolidation, Energy consumption, Virtual machine
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
An Approach to Reduce Energy Consumption in Cloud data centers using Harmony ...ijccsa
Fast development of knowledge and communication has established a new computational style which is
known as cloud computing. One of the main issues considered by the cloud infrastructure providers, is to
minimize the costs and maximize the profitability. Energy management in the cloud data centers is very
important to achieve such goal. Energy consumption can be reduced either by releasing idle nodes or by
reducing the virtual machines migrations. To do the latter, one of the challenges is to select the placement
approach of the migrated virtual machines on the appropriate node. In this paper, an approach to reduce
the energy consumption in cloud data centers is proposed. This approach adapts harmony search
algorithm to migrate the virtual machines. It performs the placement by sorting the nodes and virtual
machines based on their priority in descending order. The priority is calculated based on the workload.
The proposed approach is simulated. The evaluation results show the reduction in the virtual machine
migrations, the increase of efficiency and the reduction of energy consumption.
KEYWORDS
Energy Consumption, Virtual Machine Placement, Harmony Search Algorithm, Server Consolidati
A Review on Scheduling in Cloud Computingijujournal
Cloud computing is the requirement based on clients that this computing which provides software,
infrastructure and platform as a service as per pay for use norm. The scheduling main goal is to achieve
the accuracy and correctness on task completion. The scheduling in cloud environment which enables the
various cloud services to help framework implementation. Thus the far reaching way of different type of
scheduling algorithms in cloud computing environment surveyed which includes the workflow scheduling
and grid scheduling. The survey gives an elaborate idea about grid, cloud, workflow scheduling to
minimize the energy cost, efficiency and throughput of the system
A survey to harness an efficient energy in cloud computingijujournal
Cloud computing affords huge potential for dynamism, flexibility and cost-effective IT operations. Cloud computing requires many tasks to be executed by the provided resources to achieve good performance, shortest response time and high utilization of resources. To achieve these challenges there is a need to develop a new energy aware scheduling algorithm that outperform appropriate allocation map of task to
optimize energy consumption. This study accomplished with all the existing techniques mainly focus on reducing energy consumption.
A SURVEY: TO HARNESS AN EFFICIENT ENERGY IN CLOUD COMPUTINGijujournal
Cloud computing affords huge potential for dynamism, flexibility and cost-effective IT operations. Cloud computing requires many tasks to be executed by the provided resources to achieve good performance, shortest response time and high utilization of resources. To achieve these challenges there is a need to develop a new energy aware scheduling algorithm that outperform appropriate allocation map of task to optimize energy consumption. This study accomplished with all the existing techniques mainly focus on reducing energy consumption.
A survey on energy efficient with task consolidation in the virtualized cloud...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A survey on energy efficient with task consolidation in the virtualized cloud...eSAT Journals
Abstract Cloud computing is a new model of computing that is widely used in today’s industry, organizations and society in information technology service delivery as a utility. It enables organizations to reduce operational expenditure and capital expenditure. However, cloud computing with underutilized resources still consumes an unacceptable amount of energy than fully utilized resource. Many techniques for optimizing energy consumption in virtualized cloud have been proposed. This paper surveys different energy efficient models with task consolidation in the virtualized cloud computing environment. Keywords: Cloud computing, Virtualization, Task consolidation, Energy consumption, Virtual machine
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
An Approach to Reduce Energy Consumption in Cloud data centers using Harmony ...ijccsa
Fast development of knowledge and communication has established a new computational style which is
known as cloud computing. One of the main issues considered by the cloud infrastructure providers, is to
minimize the costs and maximize the profitability. Energy management in the cloud data centers is very
important to achieve such goal. Energy consumption can be reduced either by releasing idle nodes or by
reducing the virtual machines migrations. To do the latter, one of the challenges is to select the placement
approach of the migrated virtual machines on the appropriate node. In this paper, an approach to reduce
the energy consumption in cloud data centers is proposed. This approach adapts harmony search
algorithm to migrate the virtual machines. It performs the placement by sorting the nodes and virtual
machines based on their priority in descending order. The priority is calculated based on the workload.
The proposed approach is simulated. The evaluation results show the reduction in the virtual machine
migrations, the increase of efficiency and the reduction of energy consumption.
KEYWORDS
Energy Consumption, Virtual Machine Placement, Harmony Search Algorithm, Server Consolidati
A Review on Scheduling in Cloud Computingijujournal
Cloud computing is the requirement based on clients that this computing which provides software,
infrastructure and platform as a service as per pay for use norm. The scheduling main goal is to achieve
the accuracy and correctness on task completion. The scheduling in cloud environment which enables the
various cloud services to help framework implementation. Thus the far reaching way of different type of
scheduling algorithms in cloud computing environment surveyed which includes the workflow scheduling
and grid scheduling. The survey gives an elaborate idea about grid, cloud, workflow scheduling to
minimize the energy cost, efficiency and throughput of the system
ENERGY EFFICIENT VIRTUAL MACHINE ASSIGNMENT BASED ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND R...IAEME Publication
Cloud Computing is an internet based computing which makes and different types of services available to users. For customers based on their required services over the internet virtualized resources are provided. The fast growth of cloud resources with customers demand increases the energy consumption results in carbon dioxide emission. However, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in cloud data centre have massive impact on global environment triggering intense research in this area. To minimize the energy consumption in this paper we propose VM Assignment scheduling algorithm, it is based energy consumption and balancing the resource utilization. we consider both the VM and host energy consumption and classify the VMs based the resource usage and schedule them to balance the resources utilization among the hosts in the cloud data centre which leads to better energy efficiency and reduces the heat generation. The effectiveness of the proposed technique has been verified by simulating on CloudSim. Experimental results confirm that the technique proposed here can significantly reduce energy consumption in cloud.
Energy efficiency in virtual machines allocation for cloud data centers with ...IJECEIAES
Energy usage of data centers is a challenging and complex issue because computing applications and data are growing so quickly that increasingly larger servers and disks are needed to process them fast enough within the required time period. In the past few years, many approaches to virtual machine placement have been proposed. This study proposes a new approach for virtual machine allocation to physical hosts. Either minimizes the physical hosts and avoids the SLA violation. The proposed method in comparison to the other algorithms achieves better results.
Optimization of energy consumption in cloud computing datacenters IJECEIAES
Cloud computing has emerged as a practical paradigm for providing IT resources, infrastructure and services. This has led to the establishment of datacenters that have substantial energy demands for their operation. This work investigates the optimization of energy consumption in cloud datacenter using energy efficient allocation of tasks to resources. The work seeks to develop formal optimization models that minimize the energy consumption of computational resources and evaluates the use of existing optimization solvers in testing these models. Integer linear programming (ILP) techniques are used to model the scheduling problem. The objective is to minimize the total power consumed by the active and idle cores of the servers’ CPUs while meeting a set of constraints. Next, we use these models to carry out a detailed performance comparison between a selected set of Generic ILP and 0-1 Boolean satisfiability based solvers in solving the ILP formulations. Simulation results indicate that in some cases the developed models have saved up to 38% in energy consumption when compared to common techniques such as round robin. Furthermore, results also showed that generic ILP solvers had superior performance when compared to SAT-based ILP solvers especially as the number of tasks and resources grow in size.
A hybrid approach for scheduling applications in cloud computing environment IJECEIAES
Cloud computing plays an important role in our daily life. It has direct and positive impact on share and update data, knowledge, storage and scientific resources between various regions. Cloud computing performance heavily based on job scheduling algorithms that are utilized for queue waiting in modern scientific applications. The researchers are considered cloud computing a popular platform for new enforcements. These scheduling algorithms help in design efficient queue lists in cloud as well as they play vital role in reducing waiting for processing time in cloud computing. A novel job scheduling is proposed in this paper to enhance performance of cloud computing and reduce delay time in queue waiting for jobs. The proposed algorithm tries to avoid some significant challenges that throttle from developing applications of cloud computing. However, a smart scheduling technique is proposed in our paper to improve performance processing in cloud applications. Our experimental result of the proposed job scheduling algorithm shows that the proposed schemes possess outstanding enhancing rates with a reduction in waiting time for jobs in queue list.
Energy-Aware Adaptive Four Thresholds Technique for Optimal Virtual Machine P...IJECEIAES
With the increasing expansion of cloud data centers and the demand for cloud services, one of the major problems facing these data centers is the “increasing growth in energy consumption ". In this paper, we propose a method to balance the burden of virtual machine resources in order to reduce energy consumption. The proposed technique is based on a four-adaptive threshold model to reduce energy consumption in physical servers and minimize SLA violation in cloud data centers. Based on the proposed technique, hosts will be grouped into five clusters: hosts with low load, hosts with a light load, hosts with a middle load, hosts with high load and finally, hosts with a heavy load. Virtual machines are transferred from the host with high load and heavy load to the hosts with light load. Also, the VMs on low hosts will be migrated to the hosts with middle load, while the host with a light load and hosts with middle load remain unchanged. The values of the thresholds are obtained on the basis of the mathematical modeling approach and the 퐾-Means Clustering Algorithm is used for clustering of hosts. Experimental results show that applying the proposed technique will improve the load balancing and reduce the number of VM migration and reduce energy consumption.
Energy efficient task scheduling algorithms for cloud data centerseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Energy efficient task scheduling algorithms for cloud data centerseSAT Journals
Abstract
Life time of Wireless device Networks (WSNs) has perpetually been a important issue and has received enlarged attention within the
recent years. Typically wireless device nodes area unit equipped with low power batteries that area unit impossible to recharge.
Wireless device networks ought to have enough energy to satisfy the specified necessities of applications. during this paper, we have a
tendency to propose Energy economical Routing and Fault node Replacement (EERFNR) formula to extend the lifespan of wireless
device network, cut back information loss and conjointly cut back device node replacement value. Transmission drawback and device
node loading drawback is solved by adding many relay nodes and composition device node’s routing mistreatment stratified Gradient
Diffusion. The device node will save backup nodes to cut back the energy for re-looking the route once the device node routing is
broken. Genetic formula can calculate the device nodes to exchange, apply the foremost on the market routing methods to replace the
fewest device nodes.
Keywords: Genetic algorithmic rule, stratified gradient diffusion, grade diffusion, wireless device networks
A survey on dynamic energy management at virtualization level in cloud data c...csandit
Data centers have become indispensable infrastructure for data storage and facilitating the
development of diversified network services and applications offered by the cloud. Rapid
development of these applications and services imposes various resource demands that results
in increased energy consumption. This necessitates the development of efficient energy
management techniques in data center not only for operational cost but also to reduce the
amount of heat released from storage devices. Virtualization is a powerful tool for energy
management that achieves efficient utilization of data center resources. Though, energy
management at data centers can be static or dynamic, virtualization level energy management
techniques contributes more energy conservation than hardware level. This paper surveys
various issues related to dynamic energy management at virtualization level in cloud data
centers.
Cloud computing offers to users worldwide a low cost on-demand services, according to their requirements. In the recent years, the rapid growth and service quality of cloud computing has made it an attractive technology for different Tech Companies. However with the growing number of data centers resources, high levels of energy cost are being consumed with more carbon emissions in the air. For instance, the Google data center estimation of electric power consumption is equivalent to the energy requirement of a small sized city. Also, even if the virtualization of resources in cloud computing datacenters may reduce the number of physical machines and hardware equipments cost, it is still restrained by energy consumption issue. Energy efficiency has become a major concern for today’s cloud datacenter researchers, with a simultaneous improvement of the cloud service quality and reducing operation cost. This paper analyses and discusses the literature review of works related to the contribution of energy efficiency enhancement in cloud computing datacenters. The main objective is to have the best management of the involved physical machines which host the virtual ones in the cloud datacenters.
Energy efficient utilization of data center resources can be carried out by optimization of the resources allocated in virtual machine placement through live migration. This paper proposes a method to optimize virtual machine placement in Banker algorithm for energy efficient cloud computing to tackle the issue of load balancing for hotspot mitigation and proposed method is named as Optimized Virtual Machine Placement in Banker algorithm (OVMPBA). By determining the state of host overload through dynamic thresholds technique and minimization migration policy for VM selection from the overloaded host an attempt is made to efficiently utilize the available computing resources and thus minimize the energy consumption in the cloud environment. The above research work is experimentally simulated on CloudSim Simulator and the experimental result shows that proposed OVMPBA method provides better energy efficiency and lesser number of migrations against existing methods of host overload detection-virtual machine selection and therefore maximizes the cloud energy efficiency.
STUDY ANALYSIS ON TEETH SEGMENTATION USING LEVEL SET METHODaciijournal
The three dimensional shape information of teeth from cone beam computed tomography images provides
important assistance for dentist performing implant treatment, orthodontic surgery. This paper describes
the tooth root of both anterior and posterior teeth from CBCT images of head. The segmentation is done
using level set method with five energy functions. The edge energy used to move the curve towards border
of the object. The shape prior energy provides the shape of the contour. The dentine wall energy provides
interaction between the neighboring teeth and prevent shrinkage and leakage problem. The test result for
both segmentation and 3D reconstruction shows that the method can visualize both anterior and posterior
teeth with high accuracy and efficiency.
STUDY ANALYSIS ON TRACKING MULTIPLE OBJECTS IN PRESENCE OF INTER OCCLUSION IN...aciijournal
The object tracking algorithm is used to tracking multiple objects in a video streams. This paper provides
Mutual tracking algorithm which improve the estimation inaccuracy and the robustness of clutter
environment when it uses Kalman Filter. using this algorithm to avoid the problem of id switch in
continuing occlusions. First the algorithms apply the collision avoidance model to separate the nearby
trajectories. Suppose occurring inter occlusion the aggregate model splits into several parts and use only
visible parts perform tracking. The algorithm reinitializes the particles when the tracker is fully occluded.
The experimental results using unmanned level crossing (LC) exhibit the feasibility of our proposal. In
addition, comparison with Kalman filter trackers has also been performed.
DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS USING CHEST X RAY (CXR) aciijournal
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease that affects many organs in the body especially lungs. This disease is
caused by a bacteria known as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. When the bacteria becomes active it affects
the body. If the disease is not treated properly a loss of life may occur. A robotic detection of tuberculosis
is presented in this paper with the help of patient chest x ray(CXR).The input image is then filtered by
Gaussian filter to remove noise and then the lung region gets segmented by using graph cut segmentation.
The segmented lung region is partitioned into four lobes. The infected region is then segmented for that
region the feature values are calculated. With these values it is classified as normal or abnormal by using
Ada boost classifier.
VOICE COMMAND SYSTEM USING RASPBERRY PIaciijournal
The purpose of this research paper is to illustrate the implementation of a Voice Command System. This
system works on the primary input of a user’s voice. Using voice as an input, we were able to convert it to
text using a speech to text engine. The text hence produced was used for query processing and fetching
relevant information. When the information was fetched, it was then converted to speech using speech to
text conversion and the relevant output to the user was given. Additionally, some extra modules were also
implemented which worked on the concept of keyword matching. These included telling time, weather and
notification from social applications.
A FRAMEWORK FOR SUMMARIZATION OF ONLINE OPINION USING WEIGHTING SCHEMEaciijournal
Recently there is wide use of social media includes various opinion sites, complaints sites, government
sites, question-answering sites, etc. through which customer get services, opinion, information, etc. but
because of this there is more and more use of these social media right now so huge amount of data will be
created, from this huge data people get confused while taking any decision about particular problem or
services. For example, customer wants to purchase a product at that time he/she want the previous
customer feedback or opinion about that product. But if there is lots of opinion available for particular
product then that customer get confused while taking decision whether purchase that product or not. In this
case there is a need of summarization concept means that only show the short and concise manner
summary about service or product so that customer or organization easily understand and able to take
right decision fast. Our proposed framework creating such summary which contain three main phases or
steps. Firstly preprocessing is done in that stop words are removed and stemming is performed. In second
phase identify frequent features using two techniques weight constraint and association rule and at the last
phase it find semantics and generate the summary so that customer will able to take step without confusion.
Peer feedback plays an important role in student learning because it provides the opportunity for participants to consider and evaluate alternative perspectives. The use of computer-mediated technologies allows students to give feedback and interact with one another without the constraints of time and place.
ENERGY EFFICIENT VIRTUAL MACHINE ASSIGNMENT BASED ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND R...IAEME Publication
Cloud Computing is an internet based computing which makes and different types of services available to users. For customers based on their required services over the internet virtualized resources are provided. The fast growth of cloud resources with customers demand increases the energy consumption results in carbon dioxide emission. However, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in cloud data centre have massive impact on global environment triggering intense research in this area. To minimize the energy consumption in this paper we propose VM Assignment scheduling algorithm, it is based energy consumption and balancing the resource utilization. we consider both the VM and host energy consumption and classify the VMs based the resource usage and schedule them to balance the resources utilization among the hosts in the cloud data centre which leads to better energy efficiency and reduces the heat generation. The effectiveness of the proposed technique has been verified by simulating on CloudSim. Experimental results confirm that the technique proposed here can significantly reduce energy consumption in cloud.
Energy efficiency in virtual machines allocation for cloud data centers with ...IJECEIAES
Energy usage of data centers is a challenging and complex issue because computing applications and data are growing so quickly that increasingly larger servers and disks are needed to process them fast enough within the required time period. In the past few years, many approaches to virtual machine placement have been proposed. This study proposes a new approach for virtual machine allocation to physical hosts. Either minimizes the physical hosts and avoids the SLA violation. The proposed method in comparison to the other algorithms achieves better results.
Optimization of energy consumption in cloud computing datacenters IJECEIAES
Cloud computing has emerged as a practical paradigm for providing IT resources, infrastructure and services. This has led to the establishment of datacenters that have substantial energy demands for their operation. This work investigates the optimization of energy consumption in cloud datacenter using energy efficient allocation of tasks to resources. The work seeks to develop formal optimization models that minimize the energy consumption of computational resources and evaluates the use of existing optimization solvers in testing these models. Integer linear programming (ILP) techniques are used to model the scheduling problem. The objective is to minimize the total power consumed by the active and idle cores of the servers’ CPUs while meeting a set of constraints. Next, we use these models to carry out a detailed performance comparison between a selected set of Generic ILP and 0-1 Boolean satisfiability based solvers in solving the ILP formulations. Simulation results indicate that in some cases the developed models have saved up to 38% in energy consumption when compared to common techniques such as round robin. Furthermore, results also showed that generic ILP solvers had superior performance when compared to SAT-based ILP solvers especially as the number of tasks and resources grow in size.
A hybrid approach for scheduling applications in cloud computing environment IJECEIAES
Cloud computing plays an important role in our daily life. It has direct and positive impact on share and update data, knowledge, storage and scientific resources between various regions. Cloud computing performance heavily based on job scheduling algorithms that are utilized for queue waiting in modern scientific applications. The researchers are considered cloud computing a popular platform for new enforcements. These scheduling algorithms help in design efficient queue lists in cloud as well as they play vital role in reducing waiting for processing time in cloud computing. A novel job scheduling is proposed in this paper to enhance performance of cloud computing and reduce delay time in queue waiting for jobs. The proposed algorithm tries to avoid some significant challenges that throttle from developing applications of cloud computing. However, a smart scheduling technique is proposed in our paper to improve performance processing in cloud applications. Our experimental result of the proposed job scheduling algorithm shows that the proposed schemes possess outstanding enhancing rates with a reduction in waiting time for jobs in queue list.
Energy-Aware Adaptive Four Thresholds Technique for Optimal Virtual Machine P...IJECEIAES
With the increasing expansion of cloud data centers and the demand for cloud services, one of the major problems facing these data centers is the “increasing growth in energy consumption ". In this paper, we propose a method to balance the burden of virtual machine resources in order to reduce energy consumption. The proposed technique is based on a four-adaptive threshold model to reduce energy consumption in physical servers and minimize SLA violation in cloud data centers. Based on the proposed technique, hosts will be grouped into five clusters: hosts with low load, hosts with a light load, hosts with a middle load, hosts with high load and finally, hosts with a heavy load. Virtual machines are transferred from the host with high load and heavy load to the hosts with light load. Also, the VMs on low hosts will be migrated to the hosts with middle load, while the host with a light load and hosts with middle load remain unchanged. The values of the thresholds are obtained on the basis of the mathematical modeling approach and the 퐾-Means Clustering Algorithm is used for clustering of hosts. Experimental results show that applying the proposed technique will improve the load balancing and reduce the number of VM migration and reduce energy consumption.
Energy efficient task scheduling algorithms for cloud data centerseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Energy efficient task scheduling algorithms for cloud data centerseSAT Journals
Abstract
Life time of Wireless device Networks (WSNs) has perpetually been a important issue and has received enlarged attention within the
recent years. Typically wireless device nodes area unit equipped with low power batteries that area unit impossible to recharge.
Wireless device networks ought to have enough energy to satisfy the specified necessities of applications. during this paper, we have a
tendency to propose Energy economical Routing and Fault node Replacement (EERFNR) formula to extend the lifespan of wireless
device network, cut back information loss and conjointly cut back device node replacement value. Transmission drawback and device
node loading drawback is solved by adding many relay nodes and composition device node’s routing mistreatment stratified Gradient
Diffusion. The device node will save backup nodes to cut back the energy for re-looking the route once the device node routing is
broken. Genetic formula can calculate the device nodes to exchange, apply the foremost on the market routing methods to replace the
fewest device nodes.
Keywords: Genetic algorithmic rule, stratified gradient diffusion, grade diffusion, wireless device networks
A survey on dynamic energy management at virtualization level in cloud data c...csandit
Data centers have become indispensable infrastructure for data storage and facilitating the
development of diversified network services and applications offered by the cloud. Rapid
development of these applications and services imposes various resource demands that results
in increased energy consumption. This necessitates the development of efficient energy
management techniques in data center not only for operational cost but also to reduce the
amount of heat released from storage devices. Virtualization is a powerful tool for energy
management that achieves efficient utilization of data center resources. Though, energy
management at data centers can be static or dynamic, virtualization level energy management
techniques contributes more energy conservation than hardware level. This paper surveys
various issues related to dynamic energy management at virtualization level in cloud data
centers.
Cloud computing offers to users worldwide a low cost on-demand services, according to their requirements. In the recent years, the rapid growth and service quality of cloud computing has made it an attractive technology for different Tech Companies. However with the growing number of data centers resources, high levels of energy cost are being consumed with more carbon emissions in the air. For instance, the Google data center estimation of electric power consumption is equivalent to the energy requirement of a small sized city. Also, even if the virtualization of resources in cloud computing datacenters may reduce the number of physical machines and hardware equipments cost, it is still restrained by energy consumption issue. Energy efficiency has become a major concern for today’s cloud datacenter researchers, with a simultaneous improvement of the cloud service quality and reducing operation cost. This paper analyses and discusses the literature review of works related to the contribution of energy efficiency enhancement in cloud computing datacenters. The main objective is to have the best management of the involved physical machines which host the virtual ones in the cloud datacenters.
Energy efficient utilization of data center resources can be carried out by optimization of the resources allocated in virtual machine placement through live migration. This paper proposes a method to optimize virtual machine placement in Banker algorithm for energy efficient cloud computing to tackle the issue of load balancing for hotspot mitigation and proposed method is named as Optimized Virtual Machine Placement in Banker algorithm (OVMPBA). By determining the state of host overload through dynamic thresholds technique and minimization migration policy for VM selection from the overloaded host an attempt is made to efficiently utilize the available computing resources and thus minimize the energy consumption in the cloud environment. The above research work is experimentally simulated on CloudSim Simulator and the experimental result shows that proposed OVMPBA method provides better energy efficiency and lesser number of migrations against existing methods of host overload detection-virtual machine selection and therefore maximizes the cloud energy efficiency.
STUDY ANALYSIS ON TEETH SEGMENTATION USING LEVEL SET METHODaciijournal
The three dimensional shape information of teeth from cone beam computed tomography images provides
important assistance for dentist performing implant treatment, orthodontic surgery. This paper describes
the tooth root of both anterior and posterior teeth from CBCT images of head. The segmentation is done
using level set method with five energy functions. The edge energy used to move the curve towards border
of the object. The shape prior energy provides the shape of the contour. The dentine wall energy provides
interaction between the neighboring teeth and prevent shrinkage and leakage problem. The test result for
both segmentation and 3D reconstruction shows that the method can visualize both anterior and posterior
teeth with high accuracy and efficiency.
STUDY ANALYSIS ON TRACKING MULTIPLE OBJECTS IN PRESENCE OF INTER OCCLUSION IN...aciijournal
The object tracking algorithm is used to tracking multiple objects in a video streams. This paper provides
Mutual tracking algorithm which improve the estimation inaccuracy and the robustness of clutter
environment when it uses Kalman Filter. using this algorithm to avoid the problem of id switch in
continuing occlusions. First the algorithms apply the collision avoidance model to separate the nearby
trajectories. Suppose occurring inter occlusion the aggregate model splits into several parts and use only
visible parts perform tracking. The algorithm reinitializes the particles when the tracker is fully occluded.
The experimental results using unmanned level crossing (LC) exhibit the feasibility of our proposal. In
addition, comparison with Kalman filter trackers has also been performed.
DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS USING CHEST X RAY (CXR) aciijournal
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease that affects many organs in the body especially lungs. This disease is
caused by a bacteria known as Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. When the bacteria becomes active it affects
the body. If the disease is not treated properly a loss of life may occur. A robotic detection of tuberculosis
is presented in this paper with the help of patient chest x ray(CXR).The input image is then filtered by
Gaussian filter to remove noise and then the lung region gets segmented by using graph cut segmentation.
The segmented lung region is partitioned into four lobes. The infected region is then segmented for that
region the feature values are calculated. With these values it is classified as normal or abnormal by using
Ada boost classifier.
VOICE COMMAND SYSTEM USING RASPBERRY PIaciijournal
The purpose of this research paper is to illustrate the implementation of a Voice Command System. This
system works on the primary input of a user’s voice. Using voice as an input, we were able to convert it to
text using a speech to text engine. The text hence produced was used for query processing and fetching
relevant information. When the information was fetched, it was then converted to speech using speech to
text conversion and the relevant output to the user was given. Additionally, some extra modules were also
implemented which worked on the concept of keyword matching. These included telling time, weather and
notification from social applications.
A FRAMEWORK FOR SUMMARIZATION OF ONLINE OPINION USING WEIGHTING SCHEMEaciijournal
Recently there is wide use of social media includes various opinion sites, complaints sites, government
sites, question-answering sites, etc. through which customer get services, opinion, information, etc. but
because of this there is more and more use of these social media right now so huge amount of data will be
created, from this huge data people get confused while taking any decision about particular problem or
services. For example, customer wants to purchase a product at that time he/she want the previous
customer feedback or opinion about that product. But if there is lots of opinion available for particular
product then that customer get confused while taking decision whether purchase that product or not. In this
case there is a need of summarization concept means that only show the short and concise manner
summary about service or product so that customer or organization easily understand and able to take
right decision fast. Our proposed framework creating such summary which contain three main phases or
steps. Firstly preprocessing is done in that stop words are removed and stemming is performed. In second
phase identify frequent features using two techniques weight constraint and association rule and at the last
phase it find semantics and generate the summary so that customer will able to take step without confusion.
Peer feedback plays an important role in student learning because it provides the opportunity for participants to consider and evaluate alternative perspectives. The use of computer-mediated technologies allows students to give feedback and interact with one another without the constraints of time and place.
A NEW DECISION TREE METHOD FOR DATA MINING IN MEDICINEaciijournal
Today, enormous amount of data is collected in medical databases. These databases may contain valuable
information encapsulated in nontrivial relationships among symptoms and diagnoses. Extracting such
dependencies from historical data is much easier to done by using medical systems. Such knowledge can be
used in future medical decision making. In this paper, a new algorithm based on C4.5 to mind data for
medince applications proposed and then it is evaluated against two datasets and C4.5 algorithm in terms of
accuracy.
Easy Home or Home automation plays a very important role in modern era because of its flexibility in
using it at different places with high precision which will save money and time by decreasing human hard
work. Prime focus of this technology is to control the household equipment’s like light, fan, door, AC etc.
automatically. This research paper has detailed information on Home Automation and Security System
using Arduino, GSM and how we can control home appliances using Android application. Whenever a
person will enter into the house then the count of the number of persons entering in the house will be
incremented, in Home Automation mode applicances will be turned on whereas in security light will be
turned on along with the alarm. The count of the number of persons entering the house is also displayed on
the LCD screen. In Home Automation mode when the room will become empty i.e. the count of persons
reduces to zero then the applicances will be turned off making the system power efficient. Moreover a
person can control his home appliances by using an android application present in his mobile phone which
will reduce the human hard work. At the same time if anyone enters while security mode is on a SMS will
be sent to house owner’s mobile phone which will indicate the presence of a person inside the house.The
alarm can be turned of using SMS or Android application.
A Novel Biometric Approach for Authentication In Pervasive Computing Environm...aciijournal
The paradigm of embedding computing devices in our
surrounding environment has gained more interest
in recent days. Along with contemporary technology
comes challenges, the most important being the
security and privacy aspect. Keeping the aspect of
compactness and memory constraints of pervasive
devices in mind, the biometric techniques proposed
for identification should be robust and dynamic. In
this
work, we propose an emerging scheme that is based on few exclusive human traits and characteristics termed as ocular biometrics, promising utmost security and reliability. Complex iris recognition and retinal scanning algorithms have been discussed whi
ch promises achievement of accurate results. The
performance and vast applications of these algorithms on pervasive computing devices is also addressed.
A SURVEY: TO HARNESS AN EFFICIENT ENERGY IN CLOUD COMPUTINGijujournal
Cloud computing affords huge potential for dynamism, flexibility and cost-effective IT operations. Cloud
computing requires many tasks to be executed by the provided resources to achieve good performance,
shortest response time and high utilization of resources. To achieve these challenges there is a need to
develop a new energy aware scheduling algorithm that outperform appropriate allocation map of task to
optimize energy consumption. This study accomplished with all the existing techniques mainly focus on
reducing energy consumption
A SURVEY: TO HARNESS AN EFFICIENT ENERGY IN CLOUD COMPUTINGijujournal
Cloud computing affords huge potential for dynamism, flexibility and cost-effective IT operations. Cloud
computing requires many tasks to be executed by the provided resources to achieve good performance,
shortest response time and high utilization of resources. To achieve these challenges there is a need to
develop a new energy aware scheduling algorithm that outperform appropriate allocation map of task to
optimize energy consumption. This study accomplished with all the existing techniques mainly focus on
reducing energy consumption.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
IMPROVING REAL TIME TASK AND HARNESSING ENERGY USING CSBTS IN VIRTUALIZED CLOUDijcax
Cloud computing provides the facility for the business customers to scale up and down their resource usage
based on needs. This is because of the virtualization technology. The scheduling objectives are to improve
the system’s schedule ability for the real-time tasks and to save energy. To achieve the objectives, we
employed the virtualization technique and rolling-horizon optimization with vertical scheduling operation.
The project considers Cluster Scoring Based Task Scheduling (CSBTS) algorithm which aims to decrease
task’s completion time and the policies for VM’s creation, migration and cancellation are to dynamically
adjust the scale of cloud in a while meets the real-time requirements and to save energy.
A Survey on Virtualization Data Centers For Green Cloud ComputingIJTET Journal
Abstract —Due to trends like Cloud Computing and Green cloud Computing, virtualization technologies are gaining increasing importance. Cloud is a atypical model for computing resources, which intent to computing framework to the network in order to cut down costs of software and hardware resources. Nowadays, power is one of big issue of IDC has huge impacts on society. Researchers are seeking to find solutions to make IDC reduce power consumption. These IDC (Internet Data Center) consume large amounts of energy to process the cloud services, high operational cost, and affecting the lifespan of hardware equipments. The field of Green computing is also becoming more and more important in a world with finite number of energy resources and rising demand. Virtual Machine (VM) mechanism has been broadly applied in data center, including flexibility, reliability, and manageability. The research survey presents about the virtualization IDC in green cloud it contains various key features of the Green cloud, cloud computing, data centers, virtualization, data center with virtualization, power – aware, thermal – aware, network-aware, resource-aware and migration techniques. In this paper the several methods that are utilze to achieve the virtualization in IDC in green cloud computing are discussed.
An Approach to Reduce Energy Consumption in Cloud data centers using Harmony ...neirew J
Fast development of knowledge and communication has established a new computational style which is
known as cloud computing. One of the main issues considered by the cloud infrastructure providers, is to
minimize the costs and maximize the profitability. Energy management in the cloud data centers is very
important to achieve such goal. Energy consumption can be reduced either by releasing idle nodes or by
reducing the virtual machines migrations. To do the latter, one of the challenges is to select the placement
approach of the migrated virtual machines on the appropriate node. In this paper, an approach to reduce
the energy consumption in cloud data centers is proposed. This approach adapts harmony search
algorithm to migrate the virtual machines. It performs the placement by sorting the nodes and virtual
machines based on their priority in descending order. The priority is calculated based on the workload.
The proposed approach is simulated. The evaluation results show the reduction in the virtual machine
migrations, the increase of efficiency and the reduction of energy consumption.
A hybrid algorithm to reduce energy consumption management in cloud data centersIJECEIAES
There are several physical data centers in cloud environment with hundreds or thousands of computers. Virtualization is the key technology to make cloud computing feasible. It separates virtual machines in a way that each of these so-called virtualized machines can be configured on a number of hosts according to the type of user application. It is also possible to dynamically alter the allocated resources of a virtual machine. Different methods of energy saving in data centers can be divided into three general categories: 1) methods based on load balancing of resources; 2) using hardware facilities for scheduling; 3) considering thermal characteristics of the environment. This paper focuses on load balancing methods as they act dynamically because of their dependence on the current behavior of system. By taking a detailed look on previous methods, we provide a hybrid method which enables us to save energy through finding a suitable configuration for virtual machines placement and considering special features of virtual environments for scheduling and balancing dynamic loads by live migration method.
Virtual machine placement in cloud using artificial bee colony and imperiali...IJECEIAES
Increasing resource efficiency and reducing energy consumption are significant challenges in cloud environments. Placing virtual machines is essential in improving cloud systems’ performance. This paper presents a hybrid method using the artificial bee colony and imperialist competitive algorithm to reduce provider costs and decrease client expenditure. Implementation of the proposed plan in the CloudSim simulation environment indicates the proposed method performs better than the Monarch butterfly optimization and salp swarm algorithms regarding energy consumption and resource usage. Moreover, average central processing unit (CPU) and random-access memory (RAM) usage and the number of host shutdowns show better results for the proposed model.
A Review on Scheduling in Cloud Computingijujournal
Cloud computing is the requirement based on clients that this computing which provides software,
infrastructure and platform as a service as per pay for use norm. The scheduling main goal is to achieve
the accuracy and correctness on task completion. The scheduling in cloud environment which enables the
various cloud services to help framework implementation. Thus the far reaching way of different type of
scheduling algorithms in cloud computing environment surveyed which includes the workflow scheduling
and grid scheduling. The survey gives an elaborate idea about grid, cloud, workflow scheduling to
minimize the energy cost, efficiency and throughput of the system.
A Review on Scheduling in Cloud Computingijujournal
Cloud computing is the requirement based on clients that this computing which provides software,
infrastructure and platform as a service as per pay for use norm. The scheduling main goal is to achieve
the accuracy and correctness on task completion. The scheduling in cloud environment which enables the
various cloud services to help framework implementation. Thus the far reaching way of different type of
scheduling algorithms in cloud computing environment surveyed which includes the workflow scheduling
and grid scheduling. The survey gives an elaborate idea about grid, cloud, workflow scheduling to
minimize the energy cost, efficiency and throughput of the system.
A Review on Scheduling in Cloud Computingijujournal
Cloud computing is the requirement based on clients that this computing which provides software,
infrastructure and platform as a service as per pay for use norm. The scheduling main goal is to achieve
the accuracy and correctness on task completion. The scheduling in cloud environment which enables the
various cloud services to help framework implementation. Thus the far reaching way of different type of
scheduling algorithms in cloud computing environment surveyed which includes the workflow scheduling
and grid scheduling. The survey gives an elaborate idea about grid, cloud, workflow scheduling to
minimize the energy cost, efficiency and throughput of the system.
Abstract: Efficient task scheduling method can meet users' requirements, and improve the resource utilization, then increase the overall performance of the cloud computing environment. Cloud computing has new features, such as flexibility, Virtualization and etc., in this paper we propose a two levels task scheduling method based on load balancing in cloud computing. This task scheduling method meet user's requirements and get high resource utilization that simulation results in Cloud Sim simulator prove this.Keywords: cloud computing; task scheduling; virtualization.
Title: A Task Scheduling Algorithm in Cloud Computing
Author: Ali Bagherinia
ISSN 2350-1022
International Journal of Recent Research in Mathematics Computer Science and Information Technology
Paper Publications
Intelligent task processing using mobile edge computing: processing time opti...IAESIJAI
The fast-paced development of the internet of things led to the increase of computing resource services that could provide a fast response time, which is an unsatisfied feature when using cloud infrastructures due to network latency. Therefore, mobile edge computing became an emerging model by extending computation and storage resources to the network edge, to meet the demands of delay-sensitive and heavy computing applications. Computation offloading is the main feature that makes Edge computing surpass the existing cloud-based technologies to break limitations such as computing capabilities, battery resources, and storage availability, it enhances the durability and performance of mobile devices by offloading local intensive computation tasks to edge servers. However, the optimal solution is not always guaranteed by offloading computation, there-fore, the offloading decision is a crucial step depending on many parameters that should be taken in consideration. In this paper, we use a simulator to compare a two tier edge orchestrator architecture with the results obtained by implementing a system model that aims to minimize a task’s processing time constrained by time delay and the limited device’s computational resource and usage based on a modified version.
Similar to A SURVEY ON REDUCING ENERGY SPRAWL IN CLOUD COMPUTING (20)
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
A SURVEY ON REDUCING ENERGY SPRAWL IN CLOUD COMPUTING
1. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), Vol.2, No.3, July 2015
DOI:10.5121/acii.2015.2303 23
A SURVEY ON REDUCING ENERGY SPRAWL IN
CLOUD COMPUTING
Malathi.P
M.E.Scholar, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Nandha Engineering
College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing is the cluster of autonomic computing, grid computing and utility computing. Cloud
providers are there to rescue their customers from the problem of dynamism. The providers focus on
resource sharing and in improving the performance. Energy consumption is the major factor to degrade the
performance. Reducing energy sprawl will bloom the performance. This paper delineates the different
techniques involved in scheduling the workload of the servers in order to minimize the energy sprawl.
KEYWORDS
Cloud computing, Energy consumption, Virtualization, Task consolidation, Virtual machine
1. INTRODUCTION
Cloud computing is a cluster of various computing and it provides the package of computer
resources as a metered service. Cloud computing is an autonomic computing. The cloud providers
handle the needs of their clients such as dynamism, abstraction, resource sharing. The cloud
stacks are software as a service, platform as a service and infrastructure as a service.
Infrastructure as a service is to provide virtualization. Platform as a service is to use the platform
on web. Software as a service is directly consumed by end user. Cloud providers are there to
rescue their customers from the problem of dynamism. The providers focus on resource sharing
and in improving the performance. Energy consumption is the major factor to degrade the
performance.
75
150
275
0
100
200
300
2000 2005 2010
billion kwh/year
Figure 1.worldwide power consumption in data centers [7].
2. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), Vol.2, No.3, July 2015
24
As shown in figure 1, the data centers have been consuming the energy raised up to 56% from
2005 to 2010 [7]. As koomey [23] spotted that, energy consumption in data centers always in hike
unless energy efficient techniques are developed and applied.to address the problem of energy
sprawl, to eliminate the wastage and inefficient usage of electricity in the computing resources.
The additional spark for the problem is the idle servers which consume up to 70% of their peak
power [24].
In this survey paper, energy harnessing techniques are discussed. The remaining paper is
organized as follows: Section 2 presents overview, Section 3 presents the literature review of the
existing methods of energy efficient techniques, and Section 4 presents conclusions.
2. OVERVIEW
2.1 Energy Consumption Problem
The major problem in cloud is energy sprawl. This is due to two reasons. One is manual faults
like improper scheduling and work overload [5, 10] and other is due to hike in monetary cost of
electricity [13]. The manual faults can be resolved by using task consolidation and virtualization.
Second problem can be resolved by harnessing the renewable energy [9].The overall power
consumption of the server [26] shown in figure 2.
memory
CPU quad core
fan
motherboard
NIC
PSU efficiency loss
PCIslots
Figure 2.power consumption of the server [26].
2.1.1 Task consolidation
The task consolidation is to enhance resource utilization in a while reduce energy sprawl by
assigning a set of tasks to a set of resources [21]. Task consolidation abases the amount of virtual
machines, labours and energy. It aims to consolidate a set of tasks to reduce overload and also
saves energy. The resource usage associated with the tasks is directly related to time constraints
[11].
3. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), Vol.2, No.3, July 2015
25
2.1.2 Virtualization
Virtualization technology provides the flexible resource provisioning and migration of machine
state [5]. Due to hot spot, excess space capacity and load imbalance which migrates the machine.
Virtualization enables the consolidation, load balancing and hot spot mitigation [4]. It allocate
data center resources dynamically based on application demands and support green computing by
optimizing number of servers in use. The reasons for virtualization techniques are shown in
figure 3.
Figure 3.Reason for migrating machine.
3. EXISTING ENERGY EFFICIENT MODELS IN THE CLOUD
3.1. Probabilistic Consolidation of Virtual Machines
Jianying Luo et al. [16] shows that the virtual machine consolidation switch off the unloaded
server and migrates the overloaded machine to reduce energy and server sprawl. This approach
handle the multidimensional problem consolidated with respect to two resources CPU and RAM.
It was consolidated by using two probabilistic procedures assignment and migration. Ad- hoc
simulator is used for simulation. Assignment procedure is used for analytical study and
experimented by both assignment and migration procedures. It limits the energy usage and
balancing CPU bound.
3.2. Hint Based Execution of Workloads
Konstantino et al. [11] has proposed a hint based execution of workloads with Nefeli in cloud to
use the energy in efficient manner. Nefeli is a virtual infrastructure gateway. Hints are deployed
to collect all the information about the virtual machine. As per the hint they reschedule the virtual
machine. Nefeli a high level virtual machine placement policies and it adds a layer between the
user and infrastructure. During operation, Nefeli has obtained the following information such as
physical node property, physical infrastructure property, current status of each virtual machine
and virtual machine properties. This information is passed as a hint. The evaluation shows that the
performance and energy saving is increased.
4. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), Vol.2, No.3, July 2015
26
3.3. Dynamic Consolidation of Virtual Machines
Fahimeh Farahnakian et al. [19] have proposed ant colony based virtual machine consolidation
which uses artificial ants to consolidate virtual machine into a reduced number of physical
machines based on the current resource requests and ants work in parallel to build virtual machine
migration. It composed with global and local agent. Global agent consolidates virtual machine
into reduced number of physical machine. Local agent detects physical machine status. It was
implemented by cloudsim toolkit. Result shows that this technique reduces the energy
consumption up to 53.4% than the dynamic virtual machine consolidation.
3.4. Virtual Machine Scheduling
Dong Jiankang et al. [20] leveraged virtual machine scheduling to solve the combination of bin
packing problem and quadratic assignment problem. It employs the two stage heuristic algorithm
with virtual machine placement and migration. Virtual machine placement is to meet the physical
capacity and network bandwidth. Virtual machine migration to minimize the migration costs to
optimize the network maximum link utilization to reduce the energy consumption. c++ is used to
develop the algorithm. Compared to random algorithm the energy consumption is low.
3.5. A Hierarchical Approach for the Resource Management
Bernadette Addis et al. [1] have developed a mixed-integer nonlinear optimization of resource
management based hierarchical framework. It uses the resource allocation policies to allocate the
resources. Local search algorithm is deployed. It was implemented by java (sun java 1.6). The
result shows that hierarchal framework reduces the energy sprawl.
3.6. Tabu Search Algorithm
Federico Larumbe et al. [2] leveraged tabu search algorithm to achieve the high quality of service,
low cost and low co2 emissions. It used tabu list to avoid the repeated solutions. Data centre get
the power from the nearest renewable resource and grid. The tabu search algorithm shows that
they find near optimal solution in short execution time and less energy consumption of 34.6
KWH than greedy approach.
3.7. Dynamic Heterogeneity-Aware Resource Provisioning
Carlo Mastroianni et al. [3] have proposed heterogeneity –aware capacity provisioning scheme
which use the k-means of clustering algorithm to divide the workload into distinct classes with
similar characteristics of resources and dynamically adjusting the virtual machines to minimize
the total energy consumption and scheduling delay. CPU utilization and memory utilization are
the parameters for evaluation. They implement this technique in matlab.
3.8. Virtual Machine Migrations
Mayank Mishra et al. [5] have proposed virtualization technology. Virtualization enables the
consolidation, load balancing and hot spot mitigation. Virtualization technology provides the
flexible resource provisioning and migration of machine state. Dynamic provisioning using
virtual machine migration follows two steps. A first step is to deploy the virtual machine. Second
step is to keep the resource monitoring engine which tracks the resource usage and performance.
5. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), Vol.2, No.3, July 2015
27
3.9. Energy-aware Migration Algorithm
Mohammad H.AL Shyaeji et al. [25] have proposed an energy aware migration algorithm to save
energy in which they migrates the virtual machines. An algorithm composed of three parts such
as: Victim Selection, Target Server Selection, and Switch on Server. Victim selection is to switch
off the under loaded machines. Target server selection is to select the machine which and where
to be migrated during overloaded. Switch on server is to on the machine in sleep mode during
busy periods.
Table 1. Comparison of the existing methods
Techniques and Algorithms Hardware / Datasets Tools Parameter Analysis
Scalable distributed hierarchical
framework.
Intel Nehalem dual Socket
quad-core CPU @2.4 GHZ
with 24 GB of RAM
Running Ubuntu Linux
2011.4
IBM data
center.
Energy cost
Tabu search algorithm Hadoop cluster C++ Number of nodes
Energy cost
Heterogeneity-aware capacity
provisioning scheme
Heterogeneous cluster Matlab CPU utilization
Memory utilization
Virtualization technology. Not mentioned Not
mentioned
Not mentioned
Energy Aware Migration
Algorithm
No specific environmental
set up.
Custom
Built
Simulator
Load Balancing,
minimization of active
server
Energy aware task
consolidation(ETC)
Data center data sets Cloud sim
toolkit
Number of nodes
Workloads
Consolidation of virtual machine Data center data sets Ad-hoc
simulator
Number of active
servers,
Migrations per hour,
power
Hint Based Execution of
Workloads
Data center data sets Nefeli Energy consumption,
Time consumption
Dynamic consolidation of virtual
machines
Hadoop testbed Cloudsim
toolkit
Energy consumption ,
Number of virtual
machine migration
Virtual machine scheduling
algorithm
.
No specific environmental
set up.
C++ Energy consumption,
Total communication
Traffic,
Maximum link
utilization
6. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), Vol.2, No.3, July 2015
28
3.10. Energy-Aware Task Consolidation
Ching-Hsien Hsu et al. [11] have developed a technique that reduces energy consumption is
energy-aware task consolidation (ETC) technique. ETC restricts CPU use below a specified peak
threshold. Task consolidation is the major work of ETC. When a task migrates to other virtual
clusters considered as network latency by energy cost model. Compared ETC with MAXUTIL
for evaluation. MAXUTIL is a greedy algorithm that aspires to maximize cloud computing
resources. The simulation result shows that 17% improvement over MAXUTIL.
4. CONCLUSIONS
The various techniques were discussed for reducing the energy sprawl in cloud computing. The
two amplifying factors are virtualization and task consolidation plays a vital role in optimizing
energy consumption. Techniques like harnessing renewable energy, frequency scaling and
workload consolidation enhance the performance of cloud by optimizing energy consumption.
These techniques are used to resolve energy consumption problem. Thus, this survey can be used
to enhance the energy consumption models by designing energy prediction models, energy
optimization models and energy consumption monitors for the cloud system.
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