This document summarizes research on RGB color image encryption methods. It analyzes three encryption methods: XORing, blocking and reordering, and selective random noise addition. For each method, the document experimentally determines parameters like MSE, PSNR, encryption time, and throughput for various images. It finds that all three methods provide good encryption quality with fast speeds. Selective random noise addition provides the best PSNR values, while XORing has the fastest encryption/decryption times. All methods are deemed highly secure due to the use of private keys. The document concludes by comparing the results and finding that selective random noise is best for PSNR, while XORing performs best in terms of throughput.
USING BIAS OPTIMIAZATION FOR REVERSIBLE DATA HIDING USING IMAGE INTERPOLATIONIJNSA Journal
In this paper, we propose a reversible data hiding method in the spatial domain for compressed grayscale images. The proposed method embeds secret bits into a compressed thumbnail of the original image by using a novel interpolation method and the Neighbour Mean Interpolation (NMI) technique as scaling up to the original image occurs. Experimental results presented in this paper show that the proposed method has significantly improved embedding capacities over the approach proposed by Jung and Yoo.
SELECTIVE ENCRYPTION OF IMAGE BY NUMBER MAZE TECHNIQUEijcisjournal
Due to enormous increase in the usage of computers and mobiles, today’s world is currently flooded with huge volumes of data. This paper is primarily focused on multimedia data and how it can be protected from unwanted attacks. Sharing of multimedia data is easy and very efficient, it has been a customary practice to share multimedia data but there is no proper encryption technique to encrypt multimedia data. Sharing of multimedia data over unprotected networks using DCT algorithm and then applying selective encryption-based algorithm has never been adequately studied. This paper introduces a new selective encryption-based security system which will transfer data with protection even in unauthenticated network. Selective encryption-based security system will also minimize time during encryption process which there by achieves efficiency. The data in the image is transmitted over a network is discriminated using DCT transform and then it will be selectively encrypted using Number Puzzle technique, and thus provides security from unauthorized access. This paper discusses about numeric puzzle-based encryption technique
and how it can achieve security and integrity for multimedia data over traditional encryption technique.
Image Encryption Based on Pixel Permutation and Text Based Pixel Substitutionijsrd.com
Digital image Encryption techniques play a very important role to prevent image from unauthorized access. There are many types of methods available that can do Image Encryption, and the majority of them are scrambling algorithms based on pixel shuffling, which cannot change the histogram of an image. Hence, their security performances are not good. The encryption method that combines the pixel exchanging and gray level changing can handles reach a good chaotic effect. In this paper we focus on an image encryption technique based on pixel wise shuffling with the help of skew tent map and text based pixel substitution. The PSNR, NPCR and CC obtained by our technique shows that the proposed technique gives better result than the existing techniques.
Implementation of image steganography using lab viewIJARIIT
Steganography is the one of the technique to hide secret messages within a larger one in such way that someone can
not know the presence or contents of the hidden message. The purpose of Steganography is to maintain secret communication
between two parties. This paper presents the implementation of a highly secured data hiding technique called Steganography.
This technique is applicable for image data type. The main aim of this technique is to encode the data image within the cover
image such that the data image's existence is concealed. Here we use the data as an image for Steganography. It deals with the
encoding data image information in a given image (called cover image) without making any visible changes to it. LabVIEW
graphical programming environment is a tool for realizing the image acquisition and processing. This software has several
advantages: simple implementation, modularity, flexibility, attractive user interface and the possibility to develop very easy new
features.
USING BIAS OPTIMIAZATION FOR REVERSIBLE DATA HIDING USING IMAGE INTERPOLATIONIJNSA Journal
In this paper, we propose a reversible data hiding method in the spatial domain for compressed grayscale images. The proposed method embeds secret bits into a compressed thumbnail of the original image by using a novel interpolation method and the Neighbour Mean Interpolation (NMI) technique as scaling up to the original image occurs. Experimental results presented in this paper show that the proposed method has significantly improved embedding capacities over the approach proposed by Jung and Yoo.
SELECTIVE ENCRYPTION OF IMAGE BY NUMBER MAZE TECHNIQUEijcisjournal
Due to enormous increase in the usage of computers and mobiles, today’s world is currently flooded with huge volumes of data. This paper is primarily focused on multimedia data and how it can be protected from unwanted attacks. Sharing of multimedia data is easy and very efficient, it has been a customary practice to share multimedia data but there is no proper encryption technique to encrypt multimedia data. Sharing of multimedia data over unprotected networks using DCT algorithm and then applying selective encryption-based algorithm has never been adequately studied. This paper introduces a new selective encryption-based security system which will transfer data with protection even in unauthenticated network. Selective encryption-based security system will also minimize time during encryption process which there by achieves efficiency. The data in the image is transmitted over a network is discriminated using DCT transform and then it will be selectively encrypted using Number Puzzle technique, and thus provides security from unauthorized access. This paper discusses about numeric puzzle-based encryption technique
and how it can achieve security and integrity for multimedia data over traditional encryption technique.
Image Encryption Based on Pixel Permutation and Text Based Pixel Substitutionijsrd.com
Digital image Encryption techniques play a very important role to prevent image from unauthorized access. There are many types of methods available that can do Image Encryption, and the majority of them are scrambling algorithms based on pixel shuffling, which cannot change the histogram of an image. Hence, their security performances are not good. The encryption method that combines the pixel exchanging and gray level changing can handles reach a good chaotic effect. In this paper we focus on an image encryption technique based on pixel wise shuffling with the help of skew tent map and text based pixel substitution. The PSNR, NPCR and CC obtained by our technique shows that the proposed technique gives better result than the existing techniques.
Implementation of image steganography using lab viewIJARIIT
Steganography is the one of the technique to hide secret messages within a larger one in such way that someone can
not know the presence or contents of the hidden message. The purpose of Steganography is to maintain secret communication
between two parties. This paper presents the implementation of a highly secured data hiding technique called Steganography.
This technique is applicable for image data type. The main aim of this technique is to encode the data image within the cover
image such that the data image's existence is concealed. Here we use the data as an image for Steganography. It deals with the
encoding data image information in a given image (called cover image) without making any visible changes to it. LabVIEW
graphical programming environment is a tool for realizing the image acquisition and processing. This software has several
advantages: simple implementation, modularity, flexibility, attractive user interface and the possibility to develop very easy new
features.
OPTIMIZED HYBRID SECURITY MECHANISM FOR IMAGE AUTHENTICATION AND SECRECY USIN...IJNSA Journal
Authentication is one of the image security issues solved by hash function and another one issue is
providing security for illegal manipulation of digital image is solved by an encryption. An optimized hybrid
image security mechanism for authentication and secrecy of images by means of Particle Swarm
Optimization (PSO) in daubechies4 transform is illustrated in this paper. This mechanism provide
solutions to the issues such as authentication, robustness, security and statistical attacks. The PSO
technique is employed to select feature vectors to form the image hash and select high energy coefficients
for partial encryption. The shuffling of bits , coefficients and blocks of an image is performed by
interweaving technique. The Completeness of Signature (CoS) is used to recognize the image as authentic
or unauthentic. The image quality distortion is computed with help of image quality index metric(IQIM)
with respect to three factors namely loss of correlation, luminance distortion, and contrast distortion. The
experimental results are computed with respect to CoS, IQIM, PSNR and correlation coefficient and
presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Measuring memetic algorithm performance on image fingerprints datasetTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Personal identification has become one of the most important terms in our society regarding access control, crime and forensic identification, banking and also computer system. The fingerprint is the most used biometric feature caused by its unique, universality and stability. The fingerprint is widely used as a security feature for forensic recognition, building access, automatic teller machine (ATM) authentication or payment. Fingerprint recognition could be grouped in two various forms, verification and identification. Verification compares one on one fingerprint data. Identification is matching input fingerprint with data that saved in the database. In this paper, we measure the performance of the memetic algorithm to process the image fingerprints dataset. Before we run this algorithm, we divide our fingerprints into four groups according to its characteristics and make 15 specimens of data, do four partial tests and at the last of work we measure all computation time.
An LSB Method Of Image Steganographic TechniquesIJERA Editor
The art of information hiding has received much attention in the recent years as security of information has become a big concern in this internet era. As sharing of sensitive information via a common communication channel has become inevitable. Steganography means hiding a secret message (the embedded message) within a larger one (source cover) in such a way that an observer cannot detect the presence of contents of the hidden message [1]. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet [2]. This paper intends to give an overview of image Steganography, its uses and techniques. It also attempts to identify the requirements of a good Steganography algorithm and briefly reflects on which Steganography techniques are more suitable for which applications.
Image encryption algorithm based on the density and 6D logistic map IJECEIAES
One of the most difficult issues in the history of communication technology is the transmission of secure images. On the internet, photos are used and shared by millions of individuals for both private and business reasons. Utilizing encryption methods to change the original image into an unintelligible or scrambled version is one way to achieve safe image transfer over the network. Cryptographic approaches based on chaotic logistic theory provide several new and promising options for developing secure Image encryption methods. The main aim of this paper is to build a secure system for encrypting gray and color images. The proposed system consists of two stages, the first stage is the encryption process, in which the keys are generated depending on the chaotic logistic with the image density to encrypt the gray and color images, and the second stage is the decryption, which is the opposite of the encryption process to obtain the original image. The proposed method has been tested on two standard gray and color images publicly available. The test results indicate to the highest value of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), unified average changing intensity (UACI), number of pixel change rate (NPCR) are 7.7268, 50.2011 and 100, respectively. While the encryption and decryption speed up to 0.6319 and 0.5305 second respectively.
OPTIMIZED HYBRID SECURITY MECHANISM FOR IMAGE AUTHENTICATION AND SECRECY USIN...IJNSA Journal
Authentication is one of the image security issues solved by hash function and another one issue is
providing security for illegal manipulation of digital image is solved by an encryption. An optimized hybrid
image security mechanism for authentication and secrecy of images by means of Particle Swarm
Optimization (PSO) in daubechies4 transform is illustrated in this paper. This mechanism provide
solutions to the issues such as authentication, robustness, security and statistical attacks. The PSO
technique is employed to select feature vectors to form the image hash and select high energy coefficients
for partial encryption. The shuffling of bits , coefficients and blocks of an image is performed by
interweaving technique. The Completeness of Signature (CoS) is used to recognize the image as authentic
or unauthentic. The image quality distortion is computed with help of image quality index metric(IQIM)
with respect to three factors namely loss of correlation, luminance distortion, and contrast distortion. The
experimental results are computed with respect to CoS, IQIM, PSNR and correlation coefficient and
presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Measuring memetic algorithm performance on image fingerprints datasetTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Personal identification has become one of the most important terms in our society regarding access control, crime and forensic identification, banking and also computer system. The fingerprint is the most used biometric feature caused by its unique, universality and stability. The fingerprint is widely used as a security feature for forensic recognition, building access, automatic teller machine (ATM) authentication or payment. Fingerprint recognition could be grouped in two various forms, verification and identification. Verification compares one on one fingerprint data. Identification is matching input fingerprint with data that saved in the database. In this paper, we measure the performance of the memetic algorithm to process the image fingerprints dataset. Before we run this algorithm, we divide our fingerprints into four groups according to its characteristics and make 15 specimens of data, do four partial tests and at the last of work we measure all computation time.
An LSB Method Of Image Steganographic TechniquesIJERA Editor
The art of information hiding has received much attention in the recent years as security of information has become a big concern in this internet era. As sharing of sensitive information via a common communication channel has become inevitable. Steganography means hiding a secret message (the embedded message) within a larger one (source cover) in such a way that an observer cannot detect the presence of contents of the hidden message [1]. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet [2]. This paper intends to give an overview of image Steganography, its uses and techniques. It also attempts to identify the requirements of a good Steganography algorithm and briefly reflects on which Steganography techniques are more suitable for which applications.
Image encryption algorithm based on the density and 6D logistic map IJECEIAES
One of the most difficult issues in the history of communication technology is the transmission of secure images. On the internet, photos are used and shared by millions of individuals for both private and business reasons. Utilizing encryption methods to change the original image into an unintelligible or scrambled version is one way to achieve safe image transfer over the network. Cryptographic approaches based on chaotic logistic theory provide several new and promising options for developing secure Image encryption methods. The main aim of this paper is to build a secure system for encrypting gray and color images. The proposed system consists of two stages, the first stage is the encryption process, in which the keys are generated depending on the chaotic logistic with the image density to encrypt the gray and color images, and the second stage is the decryption, which is the opposite of the encryption process to obtain the original image. The proposed method has been tested on two standard gray and color images publicly available. The test results indicate to the highest value of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), unified average changing intensity (UACI), number of pixel change rate (NPCR) are 7.7268, 50.2011 and 100, respectively. While the encryption and decryption speed up to 0.6319 and 0.5305 second respectively.
Steganography is going to gain its importance due to the exponential growth and secret communication of potential computer users over the internet [5]. It can also be defined as the study of invisible communication that usually deals with the ways of hiding the existence of the communicated message. Generally data embedding is achieved in communication, image, text, voice or multimedia content for copyright, military communication, authentication and many other purposes [2]. In image Steganography, secret communication is achieved to embed a message into cover image (used as the carrier to embed message into) and generate a stego- image (generated image which is carrying a hidden message)[1]. In this paper we have critically analyzed various steganographic techniques and also have covered steganography overview its major types, classification, applications [3]. KEYWORDS: STEGANOGRAPHY, STEGO IMAGE, COVER IMAGE, LSB
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.