The document provides an overview of different types of music including art and music, kinds of modern music like jazz, R&B, soul, rock and roll, pop, dance music. It also discusses influences of jazz on modern music, funny stories about music, and thoughts about music from various philosophers and musicians.

1. THE MUSIC Art and music Kinds of modern music Jazz Influences of jazz on modern music R§B Soul Rock and Roll Pop Dance Funny stories about music Thoughts about music

2. ART AND MUSIC Art is «the making or expression of what is beautiful». Music is one of the 7 arts: architecture, literature, painting, sculpture, dance and cinema. Music (Gk. mousikē , ‘art of the Muses’) is :«The arrangement of sounds in patterns, especially to produce a pleasing effect.» (Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture) :

3. ART AND MUSIC Music was an integral feature of Greek life, an essential ingredient of all public religious occasions and of banquets and social gatherings. The principal musical instruments were the lyre, of which there were several forms and names, and the so-called flute. The lyre was used mostly to accompany lyric poetry . For the Greeks music had an ethical dimension. Plato thought that music not only aroused the emotions temporarily but permanently influenced a man's character. Aristotle too accepts that music expresses moral qualities and thus has an effect on the soul.

4. ART AND MUSIC In contrast with Greece, at Rome music did not figure as an essential part of an aristocratic education, and on the whole music as an art, and musicians, were regarded with mild contempt. However, music on the tibia accompanied prayers, sacrifices, triumphal marches to the Capitol, processions to the Circus Maximus, and funeral processions. Etruscan influence probably accounts for the use of horns and trumpets in ritual connected with the dead. Stringed instruments were introduced from Greece, and under the empire music became a feature of dinner-parties.

5. KINDS OF MODERN MUSIC Country and western music can best be understood as a style of popular music that originated in the folk culture of the rural south, a culture of European and African origin. Fiddlers, banjo players, string bands, balladeers, and gospel singers drew upon existing music to develop materials suitable for performance at family and community events. As southerners migrated to northern cities in the early twentieth century, their music went with them; and, beginning in the 1920s, radio and recordings did much to popularize and diversify this music. In 1934, when a radio singer from Texas named Orvon Gene Autry went to Hollywood, the era of the great cowboy singer in the movies began. The Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee, beginning in the 1940s, made that city a mecca for country music fans. The popularity of rock and roll through the revolution in popular music begun by Elvis Presley in the mid-1950s posed a challenge to country music, but a new style appeared known as country pop or the Nashville Sound. By the 1990s country and western music had an international following.

6. JAZZ AND ITS INFLUNCES ON MODERN MUSIC Black Americans had created what is widely believed to be America's greatest cultural achievement: jazz . When Africans first arrived in America in 1619, they brought with them only memories. Among those memories, the drumming, singing, and dancing of their West African homes. Around the turn of the twentieth century, the two major precursors of jazz came into popularity: ragtime and blues. The New Orleans brass bands developed Dixieland jazz, with trumpeter Louis Armstrong the first to stress on-the-spot innovations while playing. At the same time Duke Ellington, the greatest American jazz composer, was conducting his swing band on the East Coast.

7. R&B The 1940s and 1950s saw the rise of rhythm-and blues ( R&B ), a combination of both jazz and blues. By the 1950s, some black artists (T-Bone Walker, Louis Jordan, Bo Diddley) had become popular . The 1950s also brought the popularity of doo-wop, a gospel-based vocal style that emphasized harmonizing. Gospel was the basis for soul music, which began its development in the 1950s : Ray Charles and Aretha Franklin became popular all over the world. The 1960s brought the first multimillion-dollar black-owned recording company, Motown.

8. SOUL Michael Jackson and James Brown are known for their dancing. Brown's version of soul was funk. He used African polyrhythms to sing 1969's "Say It Loud—I'm Black and I'm Proud" and in turn influenced other socially conscious groups, as well as disco in the 1970s and rap in the 1980s.

9. ROCK AND ROLL The immediate origins of rock and roll in the late 1940s and early 1950s, through a mixing together of various popular musical genres of the time: blues, rhythm and blues, country and western, jazz and gospel music. Elvis Presley (1935-1977), was an American singer, musician and actor. He is a cultural icon, often known as "The King of Rock 'n' Roll", or simply "The King". In the late 1960s, composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein had remarked: "Elvis is the greatest cultural force in the twentieth century. He introduced the beat to everything, music, language, clothes, it's a whole new social revolution... the 60's comes from it."[ The Beatles, Deep Purple, Rolling Stones, Cliff Richard, Johnny Hallyday, Adriano Celentano followed in Elvis’ footsteps.

10. ROCK AND ROLL The Beatles were an English pop and rock group from Liverpool whose members were John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed bands in the history of popular music.

11. ROCK AND ROLL The Rolling Stones are an English band whose rhythm and blues and rock § roll- based music became popular in the early 1960s. The members of the band are: Mick Jagger- singer, Keith Richards- guitarist, Charlie Watts- drummer and Ron Wood- bassist. The Rolling Stones are the most long vive band from the history of music.

12. RAP Funk, soul, and R&B mix in rap. Some early rappers such as The Last Poets, Grandmaster Funk, and Public Enemy (photo) commented on racial issues. At the same time, other rappers were largely interested in the entertainment value of break dancing and producing music that was nonmelodic and almost entirely dependent on syncopation.

13. POP Pop music is an ample and imprecise category of modern music. In opposition to music that requires education or formation to appreciate, a defining characteristic of pop music is that anyone is able to enjoy it. The artists’ primary objectives are audience enjoyment and commercial success: Madonna, Beyoncé, Elton John, Michael Jackson etc.

14. DANCE Dance music is music composed specifically to facilitate or accompany dancing. It can be either a whole musical piece or part of a larger musical arrangement. In terms of performance, the major categories are live dance music and recorded dance music. It was with the rise of disco in the early 1970s that dance music once again became popular with the public. Disco was characterized by the use of real orchestral instruments. Disc jockeys (commonly known as DJs) played recorded music at these new clubs. The disco craze reached its peaked in the late 1970s when the word disco became synonymous with "dance music" and nightclubs were referred to as discos. By 1981, a new form of electronic dance music was developing which would gradually take the place of disco. The term "dance music" is often used for more commercial forms of electronic music. Styles include Eurobeat, house, Eurodance, drum and bass, hip house, trance, techno, electro, synthpop, funk, garage and many others: ABBA, Boney M, Glorya Gainor, Dianna Ross, Bee Gees, Madonna, Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson, DJ Bobo (photo), Eurythmics, Kylie Minogue (photo), Spice Girls etc.

15. FUNNY STORIES ABOUT MUSIC People created a lot of satires of parodies, the subject being the music: artists, songs or genres. Satire is strictly a literary genre, although it is found in the graphic and performing arts as well as the printed word. In satire, human or individual vices, follies, abuses, or shortcomings are held up to censure by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque, irony, or other methods, ideally with an intent to bring about improvement. Although satire is usually meant to be funny, the purpose of satire is not primarily humor in itself so much as an often quite angry attack on something the author strongly disapproves, using the weapon of wit. A very common, almost defining feature of satire is a strong vein of irony or sarcasm, but parody, burlesque, exaggeration, juxtaposition, comparison, analogy, and double entendre are all frequently used in satirical speech and writing. Let’s fun reading some of the satires about music.

16. FUNNY STORIES ABOUT MUSIC Legendary recording superstar, Elvis Presley was returned back to Earth, last night about 2:46 am. Presley was taken captive, in 1977 AD, by living organisms from another solar system. At the time Elvis was taken, Mrs. Presley was told to stay silent and tell the press that Elvis died- a story mainstream America bought for thirty years. Sources close to the Presley family; say he won't make any pubic appearances for at least a week. Elvis' memory was severely altered while outside of Earth. The family has hired a team of doctors and psychologists to treat the icon and rehabilitate him into the life he would have had, had he not been taken. Currently Sun, Capital, Swingtime, and Atlantic Recording Company, as well as many other companies are looking to interest Presley in a contract. In a related story, President Bush wants to find the aliens responsible for Elvis' capture. He told reporters today he believes the aliens are in Iran. "That's where we should go next! Them aliens captured a really great man. Let's bring justice to them! Freedom for Iran!“ (photo: Elvis’ home for the past 30 years)

17. FUNNY STORIES ABOUT MUSIC “ You know, I think it was about time that, after ten years of a government that, as I keep reminding people, delivered long term growth to this country and record public investment, it was time to get down and groovy with some tunes.“ There were no tears in Blair's eyes as he addressed the monthly press briefing at Downing Street this morning. He spoke in a calm about his record as a Prime Minister, and his future as a rock artist. “ You know, I mean what it is that I'm trying to say is, sometimes I'd be sitting in my ministerial office, and I just wanted to, like, throw the filling out the window, man." Prime Ministerial life was boring, he went onto explain, it did not allow him to vent his anger at how punk music had been hijacked by what he considered to be a bland and commercialized generation, "modern music just doesn't provide the grounding for musicians to feel that they're truly and honestly changing and participating in real social change, people." The Prime Minister will officially leave office on 27th June this year, to be replaced by the current Chancellor of the Exequer (Finance Minister) Gordon Brown, a politician who, to Blair's admitted annoyance, didn't share his enthusiasm for late 1970s Punk. What now for Tony Blair, as an artist and as one of Britain's most high profile politicians, "the album comes out in September [Blairing Out To The World], and it's really just a chilled out record in which I express who I am through a mix of various musical styles, based on numerous influences." BLAIRING OUT TO THE WORLD - Track list Things Can Only Get Better. Hand On Heart (I Did What I Thought Was Right). Let Me Hear You All Say N.H.S! The Mean Streets Of Baghdad. Afghanistine The Monster Of Kabul.

18. FUNNY STORIES ABOUT MUSIC Since the US froze and suspended all their bank accounts, Al-Qaeda have had to find a new source of money to fund their terror projects. Tooleht-Ala-Swabbie Bin Horshkakie promoted Al-Qaeda's new Rock Band, "Qur'an - Qur'an". Hoping to capitalize in the classic rock music genre, they chose a catchy name similar to 'Duran-Duran' in hopes that, "the dumb American Capitalist pigs wine will not notice and believe that Duran-Duran has been always misspelled.“ I was told today their first single, "Camel hole of lovin" is scheduled for release mid-summer, followed by their record release party of their first sandbox album. Look for it soon on TPC (Turban Purchasing Channel) in 8 track and music video Beta max formats. After reviewing, I just hope they have Zeppelins permission for their songs, they sound quite similar otherwise a lawsuit may be in order. Here is a full list of their songs: Camel hole of lovin' Houses of the Jihad Stairway to Allah When the Capitalists Break Nobody's cave but mine The battle of Afghanistan Afghanistan Mountain Hop The Jihad song

19. THOUGHTS ABOUT MUSIC Music is a moral law. It enlivens soul to the universe, gives wings to the thought, swing to the imagination, charm to the youth, life and joy to all the things. It is the essence of the order, rising up the soul to everything is good, true and beautiful. Platon, Republica If we could reproduce in detail notions expressed by music expresses we would have given a complete and sufficient explanation of the world. Arthur Schopenhauer

20. THOUGHTS ABOUT MUSIC Music reflects all the mysterious waves of the soul, impossible to be simulated. George Enescu What had Bach done? Had he invented, created, discovered or combined? He had done more then that, because he had written a music and united art and science had united, excited the people’s hearts and disciplined their minds by a lively experience at a level which nobody had realized until that moment with so much intensity. Yehuidi Menuhin, People’s music