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8. Tracking the last 11 years
26.7 28013
25594
21.7 22.0
17.1
23646
15.1 20717
12.2 18670
11.0 17690
8.6
7.6
14505
11915
10354
9329
8311
-9.9
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Spends in INR crores
Source: Pitch Madison Media Advertising Outlook 2012
9. India is the 12th largest advertising market
France Brazil
Australia
4.8% 4.7%
4.0%
UK Canada
6.6% 3.8%
Italy
3.3%
China Russia
7.3% 2.9%
India
1.4%
Germany
7.4%
Japan
12.7%
US
41.0%
5 countries – US, Japan, Germany, China, UK account for 75 % of the market
Extracted from Warc International Ad Forecast 2011/2012 (November)
10. -20
20
% change y/y
India is the 4th fastest growing market
Current prices, y/y % change
2011 2012
Russia 19.8 19.9
China 14.1 16.3
Brazil 9.5 11.2
India 7.6 8.6
Canada 5.4 4.3
Australia 3.5 5.2
France 2.6 2.4
Germany 2.5 2.6
US 2.5 4.6
UK 2.1 4.5
Italy -0.7 2.7
Spain -0.7 2.5
Japan -3.2 2.2
Global* 4.4 6.3
Extracted from Warc
11. Indian Ad market – 2011 Contribution
Outdoor, 5.1 Internet, 3.8
Cinema, 0.5
Radio, 3.5
TV, 44.8
Press, 42.2
25,594 crores
Source: Pitch Madison Media Advertising Outlook 2012
13. Media Map
High Measurability
SMS TV
Personal Contact Internet Newspapers
Magazines
Radio
Personal Mass
Loose Inserts
Direct Mailers
Events
Road Shows
Word-of-mouth
Low Measurability
13
14. +
Topics to be covered
• Generic Research definitions
• Research definitions for Print
• How Print readership is measured
• Auditing print advertising
• Product ownership and readership
• Using readership data in media
– To determine media mix
– The making of a Print plan
– Using TGI for psychographics
14
15. +
Topics to be covered
• Generic Research definitions
• Research definitions for Print
• How Print readership is measured
• Auditing print advertising
• Product ownership and readership
• Using readership data in media
– To determine media mix
– The making of a Print plan
– Using TGI for psychographics
15
17. The media process
Environment
Competition
Marketing Mix
Media GRPs
Sales of the Brand
Reach
Intent/
Creative Awareness Consumer
Disposition
SOV
Duration of Ad
No. of Executions Other Media
17
18. A host of things to manage and measure
Media Agency
Client
Media GRPs Reach/Frequency Awareness Intent Sales
Ad-agency
18
19. Scope of this session
Media Agency
Client
Media GRPs Reach/Frequency Awareness Intent Sales
Ad-agency
19
21. +
Segmenting
Measuring Consumers
Media
Studying their
disposition
21
22. +
Why do we need to segment consumers?
Segmenting
Measuring Consumers
Media
Studying their
media habits
22
23. +
Why segment?
• All products are not meant for everyone
• All consumers don’t consume a product uniformly
• Different brands appeal to different types of consumers
• Brands have a positioning that they want to register in select
consumer mindsets
To focus on those who will give the best yield = > Avoid wastage
23
24. +
Research terms
• Household
– A person living alone or a group of persons staying together & sharing
food from the same kitchen
• CWE
– The member of the family who makes highest contribution to the HH
expenditure
• Housewife
– The female or the male member of the HH who is chiefly responsible
for HH tasks and decides what should be purchased for the HH, for
products such as soaps/ toothpastes, etc.
• MHI
– The sum of income of all members of the family
24
25. +
Audience
• ‘Audience’ is usually often referred to as the
Target Audience or Target Group for a
particular brand
– Definition
• The demographic group that has been identified as the key consumer group for the
brand.
• All marketing/advertising activity is concentrated on reaching/appealing to this
group.
25
26. +
Universe
• Universe
– Definition
• Universe is the actual number of individuals within the defined target audience
– In Practice
• The All India, Males, 25+, SEC BC universe is 5,000,000
26
28. +
How do we estimate an audience?
• Physical count – Census
• Population Census in India
– Done every decade
– www.censusofindia.com
• Covers :
– Population of a region
– Gender breakup
– Age of population
– Literacy levels
28
29. +
How do we estimate an audience?
• Sampling & extrapolation
• Assuming sample to be homogeneous,
extrapolate to the entire population
29
30. + What factors determine the propensity to
purchase products?
• MHI?
• Age?
• Presence of children?
• Disposable income?
• Psychographic factors?
• Occupation?
• Education?
• Type of house?
30
31. SEC
(Socio Economic Classification)
Understanding Basic Research Terms
32. +
Urban & Rural
• According to the Census of India 1991, the following
criteria were adopted for treating a place as urban
– All statutory towns, i.e., all places with a municipality,
corporation, cantonment board or notified town area
committee, etc.
– All other places which satisfied the following criteria :
• A minimum population of 5000
• At least 75% of the male working population engaged in non-
agricultural pursuits, and
• A density of population of atleast 400 per sq km
• Apart from these, the outgrowths of cities and towns have also been
treated as urban.
• All areas not identified as Urban, are classified as Rural
32
33. The classic SEC grid
Education of Chief Wage Earner / Main Income Earner (MIE)
Lit. no Some Grad./ Post-
Grad./
sch/school College Grad.
OCCUPATION Illiterate Sch 5-9 yrs SSC/HSC Post-Grad.
upto 4 but not Professiona
General
years Grad. l
Unskilled Workers E2 E2 E1 D D D D
Skilled Workers E2 E1 D C C B2 B2
Petty Traders E2 D D C C B2 B2
Shop Owners D D C B2 B1 A2 A2
Businessmen/ Industrialists with no of
employees
: None D C B2 B1 A2 A2 A1
1-9 C B2 B2 B1 A2 A1 A1
10 + B1 B1 A2 A2 A1 A1 A1
Self employed Professional D D D B2 B1 A2 A1
Clerical / Salesman D D D C B2 B1 B1
Supervisory level D D C C B2 B1 A2
Officers/ Executives Junior C C C B2 B1 A2 A2
Officers/Executives Middle/ Senior B1 B1 B1 B1 A2 A1 A1
33
34. Rural SEC
Type of House
Education of CWE Pucca Semi Pucca Kuccha
Illiterate R4 R4 R4
Self learning / No School R 3 R4 R4
Upto Class 4 R3 R3 R4
Upto Class 4 to 9 R3 R3 R4
SSC/HSC R2 R3 R3
College R1 R2 R3
Graduate / Gen PG R1 R2 R3
Prof Degree R1 R2 R3
34
57. +
Why advertising is such a wonderful business?
57
58. +
Topics to be covered
• Generic Research definitions
• Research definitions for Print
• How Print readership is measured
• Auditing print advertising
• Product ownership and readership
• Using readership data in media
– To determine media mix
– The making of a Print plan
– Using TGI for psychographics
58
59. +
Print terms
• Circulation
– The average net paid sales of publications over a period of 6 months
• Readership
– The total number of persons who are exposed to a publication as
distinguished from the circulation or the number of copies distributed
• Average Issue Readership (AIR)
– The no. of people who have read any issue of the publication within a
specified time interval which is equal to the periodicity of the publication
• Claimed Readership (CR)
– No. of people who claim to have read a publication
59
60. +
• Readers per Copy
– Readership/ Circulation`
• CPT (Cost per Thousand)
– Cost / Readership in’000
60
61. +
Topics to be covered
• Generic Research definitions
• Research definitions for Print
• How Print readership is measured
• Auditing print advertising
• Product ownership and readership
• Using readership data in media
– To determine media mix
– The making of a Print plan
– Using TGI for psychographics
61
62. +
How it all began?
• The Audit Bureau of Circulation
• Measured Circulation – not readers
• Reported a six monthly figure
• Did not report in case not approached
• Enter Readership
• The NRS
• The IRS
62
63. +
The procedure
• The universe for IRS has been defined as the total resident urban and
rural population of India aged 12 years and over
• The survey excludes the off-shore territories such as Lakshadweep and
Andaman & Nicobar islands. North Eastern states and J & K (excluding
Srinagar) are also excluded from the survey
• The annual sample spread exceeds 2.5 lac respondents with continuous
fieldwork spread across 10 months of the year
• All 1 Lakh+ towns are sampled
• All publication towns and districts are sampled in the four rounds
Remaining towns and non-publication districts are randomly sampled
• Rural Sampling: Once a district is selected, 2 Talukas from the district are
randomly sampled
63
64. Administer individual
Within city segment Administer HH
questionnaire to
by electoral wards questionnaire to HW
selected respondent
Within HH determine
Divide sample by pre-respondent and
Back check of the HH
electoral wards respondent using the
Kish grid
Follow Right hand
Random selection of Classification and
rule for determining
starting point Analysis of the HH
further houses
66. +
Standard Questioning Technique
…….. go through this Booklet with me and tell me, for each
Publication, roughly how many issues you have read or looked
at…..
66
67. +
….read or looked at
• By ‘read or looked at’, I mean not only careful reading but it
could also be glancing through its pages. However, just
looking at the cover does not mean ‘looking at’.
• It does not matter where you may have looked at it, for e.g. a
train or in a doctor’s clinic or at a hair dresser’s/ barber’s
shop, in an office or a library or at a friend’s place or
borrowed it
• It does not matter which issue of the publication you have
looked at
67
69. +
Readership Characteristics
• Readership
– is an individual phenomenon
– is an anywhere phenomenon
– has a ‘time’ dimension
– does not indicate time spent/ intensity of reading
– does not account for source of copy
69
87. +
Topics to be covered
• Generic Research definitions
• Research definitions for Print
• How Print readership is measured
• Auditing print advertising
• Product ownership and readership
• Using readership data in media
– To determine media mix
– The making of a Print plan
– Using TGI for psychographics
87
89. +
Topics to be covered
• Generic Research definitions
• Research definitions for Print
• How Print readership is measured
• Auditing print advertising
• Product ownership and readership
• Using readership data in media
– To determine media mix
– The making of a Print plan
– Using TGI for psychographics
89
92. +
• The need for TGI
• The additional data coverage
• The limitations
92
93. +
About TGI
• A study established across 36 countries
• From 2001, four rounds completed
• Last round field work March – July 2007
• Sample size – 29,325
• All Ind 15-55 ABC
• Covers:
– 200+ categories
– 3000+ brands
– Media consumption (TV channels by daypart, Radio stations, Print titles)
– Over 100 psychographic statements
93
94. +
What it covers
• Everything(!) including:
– demographics
– product consumption - to brand level
– detailed expenditure information - to individual items
– Media consumption (including Radio, TV, Internet, Press and Outdoors)
– financial services
– hobbies, leisure and interests
– attitudinal statements
– information on holidays, travel
– working status
– ownership information (cars, electronic goods etc)
94
100. +
Looking at their Media consumption
Coils Mats LV Aero
97
93 96
86 87 90
75 73 70
58 60
36
26 26 28 28
8 11 10 8 8
1 3 5
TV C&S Print Radio Cinema Internet
100
101. How are the TG’s for Aerosols
and LV’s different?
101
102. +
The approach we took
• Look at the category user (HW)
• Identify segments within the users of both the
products
102
103. +
Observations
LV Aerosol
Lesser agreements with statements Larger segments agreeing with the
statements
Smaller deviations from Population Larger deviations also
103
104. More than 31% LV consumers agree More than 31% Aero consumers agree
More than the fair share of agreement More than the fair share of agreement
Less than 31% LV consumers agree Less than 31% Aero consumers agree
High skew towards the demographic High skew towards the Aero owner
104
105. 1. I do not like to depend on other people
2. If at first you don’t succeed, you must keep
1. I enjoy spending time with my family
trying
2. I pray and perform Pujas daily
3. Children should be allowed to express
3. I am very happy with my standard of living
themselves freely
4. I really enjoy cooking
4. You should make use of every opportunity
5. It’s worth paying extra for high quality
that comes your way
products
5. Its important for me to look well dressed
1. My car is there only to get me from point A to
B
2. I enjoy foreign food
3. I would love to go abroad
4. I usually buy the best known brands
5. I like to pursue a life of challenge, novelty and
change
105
106. 1. I do not like to depend on other people
2. If at first you don’t succeed, you must keep
1. I enjoy spending time with my family
trying
2. I pray and perform Pujas daily
3. Children should be allowed to express
3. I am very happy with my standard of living
themselves freely
4. I really enjoy cooking
4. You should make use of every opportunity
5. It’s worth paying extra for high quality
that comes your way
products
The conservative HW 5. Its important for me to look well dressed
The progressive HW
1. My car is there only to get me from point A to
B
2. I enjoy foreign food
3. I would love to go abroad
4. I usually buy the best known brands
5. I like to pursue a life of challenge, novelty and
change
The aspirational HW
106
107. +
Media preferences
120
100 96 96 94
85
80 73 75
60 62
60 55
40
31 30
28 26
24
20 17
6
2 3
0
TV C&S Dailies Mags Radio Internet
Conservative Progressive Aspirational
107
111. +
• Evolution of TV research
• Auditing TV advertising
• Research terms for TV
• TV planning
• Innovations in TV advertising
111
112. +
• Evolution of TV research
• Auditing TV advertising
• Research terms for TV
• TV planning
• Innovations in TV advertising
112
113. +
DART
• Followed by DD initially and other clients on an ad-
hoc basis
• Disadvantages:
– Memory based
– Incorrect attribution
– Low memory of niche vis-a-vis mass channels
113
114. +
Diary panels
• Initiated by IMRB
• Maintained a Diary which was filled by the HW
• Collected on a weekly basis and analysed
• Disadvantages
– Memory based
– Incorrect attribution
– Overstating Mass GEC channels
– Inadequate recording of others viewing
114
115. +
PeopleMeter systems
• Introduced by ORG-MARG
• Similar system introduced by IMRB
• Different systems used for measuring – Picture matching vs
Frequency matching
• Kantar Media formed
• Unified body - TAM
115
117. Undertake
Installation of Installation of
establishment
PeopleMeters surrogate HH’s
surveys
Substitution of HH
Arrive at TV and
matching on upto 9 Analysis of data
C&S estimates
criteria
Sample sizes Random sampling
decided for each among the homes
Release of data
C&S vs SEC to arrive at the
segment panel HH’s
117
118. +
How does the PeopleMeter work?
Set
Monitoring
Unit
Home
Management
Interface
Remote
Control
Handset
118
119. Metering Technology - ACN 6000 system
Set Monitoring Unit
Module
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
VAC X
Detector Sensors
TV Tuner Remote
119
120. +
Measuring the TV rating
Meter
Using Peoplemeters
Research Company
Research company determines representative sample
METERS installed
Individual householder details recorded
Householder “pushes button” when watching.
Recorded as a viewer
Data on-line to research company Handset
120
127. +
Reach
• Of A Media
– % of People who consume a media a minimum number of times in a stipulated period
• TV – Atleast watched once a week
• Cinema – Atleast seen once a month
• Of A Channel
– % of People who have seen a channel for atleast “n” minutes
127
128. +
Computing Reach
Total TG = 8
TG which saw the
commercial = 4
Hence, Reach = 4/8*100 = 50%
128
129. +
Computing Reach
Total TG = 8
TG which saw Bidayi
=4
TG which saw Balika
Vadhu= 4
Hence, Reach = 6/8*100 = 75%
129
130. +
Effective Reach
Total TG = 8
TG which saw Bidayi
=4
TG which saw Balika
Vadhu= 4
TG which saw Antara
=4
Effective reach
@1+ = 8/8 =100%
@2+ = 3/8 = 38%
130
@3+ = 1/8 = 13%
131. +
TVR/ TRP’s
A TVR measures the popularity of a programme/ advertisement by comparing the
number of people who watched against the total available as a whole
One TVR = 1% of a target audience
If an ad on Balika Vadhu got a TVR of 7, it means 7% of the audience saw the ad
131
132. Min
1
Total man minutes
2 = 8 consumers x 5
mins = 40
3
4
5
132
133. Min
1 Total man minutes
consumed =
(4+6+5+4+5) = 24
2
3
4
5
TVR = Man minutes consumed/ man minutes available*100 = 24/40*100 = 60
133
134. Time band rating
The TVR is averaged from the start minute of
the given time band to the end minute
TVR : 6.4
12.2
11.6 12:00-15:00
10.4
8.6
7.2
5.9
5.3 5.1 5.1
4.3
0.6
12:15 12:30 12:45 13:00 13:15 13:30 13:45 14:00 14:15 14:30 14:45
134
135. Programme ratings
The TVR is averaged from the start minute
to the end minute of the Programme
TVR : 9.5
Big Boss
12 12 12
11 11
11
11 11
11
11 11
10
10 10 10 10
10 10
9
9 9
8
8 8
7 7 7
7 7
7
22:01 22:04 22:07 22:10 22:13 22:16 22:19 22:22 22:25 22:28
135
136. Slot/ Break rating
The TVR is averaged from the first minute to
the last minute of the commercial break
Break
TVR : 7.4
7.9 7.2 7.3
7.4 7.2
6.7
22:01 22:04 22:07 22:10 22:13 22:16 22:19 22:22 22:25 22:28
Big Boss
136
137. +
Gross Rating Points (GRP’s)
Programme
Rating
The sum of all ratings achieved in a campaign.
137
140. +
Average OTS
The number of times, on an average, the audience reached sees the
commercial during a given period.
140
141. GRP’s Reach
Ad A B C D E F G H
50% 50%
1
2 37% 63%
3 50% 88%
AOTS
2.4
4 25% 88%
5 50% 88%
3 3 0 1 2 2 1 5 212 88
141
142. Ad A B C D E F G H
1
2
AOTS = Number of views/
Number of people
3 =17/7 = 2.4
4
5
3 3 0 1 2 2 1 5
142
143. So what is the relation between GRP, Reach and
AOTS
GRP = Reach x AOTS
143
144. Putting the theory to test…
GRP’s Reach
Ad A B C D E F G H
50% 50%
1
2 37% 63% AOTS
2.4
3 50% 88%
GRP’s =
25% 88% 87.5 x
4
2.4 =
212
5 50% 88%
3 3 0 1 2 2 1 5 212 88
144
145. Examples – tell me the GRP, reach and AOTS
Ad A B C D E F
1
2
3
4
145
146. Examples – tell me the GRP, reach and AOTS
Ad A B C D E F
1
2
3
4
146
147. +
Channel/ Programme share
Channel Share : channel viewing as a percentage of total TV viewing at
the specified time
Program Share : program viewing as a percentage of total TV
viewing at the specified program time
80%
60%
40%
TV viewing
Channel viewing
Program viewing
147
148. +
Channel/ Programme share
TV on = 6 homes TV tuned to STAR Plus = 4homes
Channel Share = 67%
Homes tuned into a program / channel as a % of homes in which the
TV was on.
148
149. +
Channel/ Programme share
Total HH’s = 12 HHs TV tuned to STAR Plus = 4HH’s
Homes tuned into a program / channel as a % of homes in which the
TV was on
149
150. Channel/ Programme share
Total TV audience 1000
No of people watching TV (8 - 10 PM) 900
No of people watching Sanjivani 600
No of people watching STAR Plus 800
Sanjivani' share of audience (600/900*100)
STAR Plus share of audience (800/900*100)
67%
89%
150
163. + Output
1 [CS 15+ YRS]
Programme Genre Language 000s TVR Viewer % Channel Share
Universe 11031
Sample 1422
AVGHACHI SANSAAR
Serials Marathi 28 0.26 100 9.99
YAA SUKHANO YAA
Serials Marathi 16 0.15 100 9.14
KALAT NAKALATSerials Marathi 0 0 0 0
ADHURI EK KAHANI
Serials Marathi 0 0 0 0
VAIDH BHAVISHYACHA Marathi
Religious/Devotional 0 0 0 0
BANDHAN Serials Marathi 0 0 0 0
CHITRASANGEET Songs Marathi
Film 0 0 0 0
AALAP Music Shows/Songs
Marathi 0 0 0 0
CHITRASANGEET Songs Marathi
Film 0 0 0 0
LIFE IN THE WORD
Religious/Devotional
Marathi 0 0 0 0
SWAR TAAL Music Shows/Songs
Marathi 5 0.04 100 2.14
GOOD MORNING MAHARASHTRA
Different Magazine/Multi Genre
Marathi 63 0.57 100 7.71
EKA PEKSHYA EK Search/Feats
Talent Marathi 107 0.97 100 9.51
AAMHI SARE KHAVAYE Marathi
Women Programme/Cookery 53 0.48 100 4.94
AVANTIKA Serials Marathi 20 0.18 100 1.69
ADHURI EK KAHANI
Serials Marathi 38 0.35 100 2.92
KALAT NAKALATSerials Marathi 111 1.01 100 7.69
ASAMBHAV Serials Marathi 54 0.49 100 3.3
AAMHI SARE KHAVAYE Marathi
Women Programme/Cookery 120 1.09 100 6.88
HOME MINISTER Shows/Chat Shows
Talk Marathi 111 1.01 100 5.86
165
175. + Output
1 [CS 15+ YRS]
Channel Reg City Date Day Start Time ProgrammeGenre Language PA TA Dur (Sec.) Commercial
Product 000s TVR CPRP CPT
Market : *Mumbai
11031
1419
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 2:05 TEEN BAHURAANIYAAN
Serials Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 2:22 TEEN BAHURAANIYAAN
Serials Hindi 0 0 164 ---- End of Break 1 ---- 5 0.04 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 2:28 TEEN BAHURAANIYAAN
Serials Hindi 0 0 167 ---- End of Break 2 ---- 7 0.06 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 2:32 HAR GHAR KUCH KEHTA HAI
Serials Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 14 0.12 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 2:43 HAR GHAR KUCH KEHTA HAI
Serials Hindi 0 0 293 ---- End of Break 1 ---- 2 0.02 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 2:53 HAR GHAR KUCH KEHTA HAI
Serials Hindi 0 0 319 ---- End of Break 2 ---- 10 0.09 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 3:03 KASAMH SE
Serials Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 14 0.12 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 3:15 KASAMH SE
Serials Hindi 0 0 202 ---- End of Break 1 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 3:25 KASAMH SE
Serials Hindi 0 0 144 ---- End of Break 2 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 3:31 SAATH PHERE
Serials Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 3:46 SAATH PHERE
Serials Hindi 0 0 298 ---- End of Break 1 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 3:55 SAATH PHERE
Serials Hindi 0 0 232 ---- End of Break 2 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:03 ARDHANGINI
Serials Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:15 ARDHANGINI
Serials Hindi 0 0 221 ---- End of Break 1 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:26 ARDHANGINI
Serials Hindi 0 0 104 ---- End of Break 2 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:30 URJA Interviews/Portraits/Discussions
Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:36 URJA Interviews/Portraits/Discussions
Hindi 0 0 164 ---- End of Break 1 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:45 URJA Interviews/Portraits/Discussions
Hindi 0 0 152 ---- End of Break 2 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:52 URJA Interviews/Portraits/Discussions
Hindi 0 0 168 ---- End of Break 3 ---- 0 0 0 0
Zee TV NetWork 01/01/2008 Tue 4:59 SEVA GANGA
Religious/Devotional
Hindi 0 0 15 -- End of PreBreak 1 -- 0 0 0 0
177