This study examined the relationship between student engagement and understanding among 30 Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students in the Philippines. A survey was used to measure student engagement and understanding levels, which were both found to be high. A significant positive relationship was found between engagement and understanding, indicating that higher understanding is linked to greater participation in class. The findings support theories that social interaction and involvement enhance learning and cognition.
Predictive Influence of Parental Involvement on Academic Self Confidence and ...ijtsrd
This study sought to determine the predictive influence of parental involvement on academic self confidence and academic engagement among junior secondary school students in Awka. Two research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The study adopted a correlational research design. The population comprised of 560 JS2 students in 5 co educational public schools in Awka from which a sample of 200 JS2 students were drawn to participate in the study. The instruments used for data collection were three, namely Parental Involvement Questionnaire PIQ , Academic Self Confidence Questionnaire ASCQ , both structured by the researchers and also Academic Engagement Questionnaire AEQ adopted from Hughes et. al's Academic Engagement Questionnaire. Both validity and reliability of the instruments were determined. After a test retest of the instruments, reliability coefficient of 0.70 was obtained for PIQ, 0.81 for AEQ and 0.72 for ASCQ using Cronbach Alpha method. Findings indicated that parental involvement has a high and positive relationship for both academic self confidence and academic engagement of junior secondary school students in Awka. Based on the findings, it was recommended that government and school authorities should take advantage of the media and other enlightenment programmes to educate parents on the importance of getting involved in their children's academic lives. Parents also should make out quality time for their ward's learning activities and through motivation boost their academic self confidence. Anierobi, Elizabeth Ifeoma | Ezennaka, Obinna Anthony ""Predictive Influence of Parental Involvement on Academic Self-Confidence and Academic Engagement among Junior Secondary School Students in Awka, Nigeria"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23643.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23643/predictive-influence-of-parental-involvement-on-academic-self-confidence-and-academic-engagement-among-junior-secondary-school-students-in-awka-nigeria/anierobi-elizabeth-ifeoma
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Impact of Academic and Social Factors on Education Performance of StudentsSubmissionResearchpa
Counseling makes perfect any human being for living life smoothly. According to phycology people required someone near to him/her with whom he/she can share their thoughts, happiness, emotions etc. and this is required in education also, In education we need to give support to our students for knowing their problems and feeling regarding education, life, career, friends, family etc. in this paper researcher tried to find out the importance of the counseling in the mind of students of the effect of the same in students mind because in the recent time importance of the education is more and the use of technology is also more so its big problem for the students for connecting consciously with the learning, and without consciousness people cannot understand many thinks for life long time it’s just for examination. By using the qualitative research study research has tried to find out solution for the same with the sample of 60 students of undergraduate of Parul University. During the research researcher identified major two internal and external factors in which there are six other factors, with the help of the qualitative research technique. by Rahul Chauhan and Bhoomi R. Chauhan 2020. Impact of Academic and Social Factors on Education Performance of Students. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 5 (Mar. 2020), 34-43. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.140. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/140/137 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/140
Predictive Influence of Parental Involvement on Academic Self Confidence and ...ijtsrd
This study sought to determine the predictive influence of parental involvement on academic self confidence and academic engagement among junior secondary school students in Awka. Two research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The study adopted a correlational research design. The population comprised of 560 JS2 students in 5 co educational public schools in Awka from which a sample of 200 JS2 students were drawn to participate in the study. The instruments used for data collection were three, namely Parental Involvement Questionnaire PIQ , Academic Self Confidence Questionnaire ASCQ , both structured by the researchers and also Academic Engagement Questionnaire AEQ adopted from Hughes et. al's Academic Engagement Questionnaire. Both validity and reliability of the instruments were determined. After a test retest of the instruments, reliability coefficient of 0.70 was obtained for PIQ, 0.81 for AEQ and 0.72 for ASCQ using Cronbach Alpha method. Findings indicated that parental involvement has a high and positive relationship for both academic self confidence and academic engagement of junior secondary school students in Awka. Based on the findings, it was recommended that government and school authorities should take advantage of the media and other enlightenment programmes to educate parents on the importance of getting involved in their children's academic lives. Parents also should make out quality time for their ward's learning activities and through motivation boost their academic self confidence. Anierobi, Elizabeth Ifeoma | Ezennaka, Obinna Anthony ""Predictive Influence of Parental Involvement on Academic Self-Confidence and Academic Engagement among Junior Secondary School Students in Awka, Nigeria"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23643.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23643/predictive-influence-of-parental-involvement-on-academic-self-confidence-and-academic-engagement-among-junior-secondary-school-students-in-awka-nigeria/anierobi-elizabeth-ifeoma
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Impact of Academic and Social Factors on Education Performance of StudentsSubmissionResearchpa
Counseling makes perfect any human being for living life smoothly. According to phycology people required someone near to him/her with whom he/she can share their thoughts, happiness, emotions etc. and this is required in education also, In education we need to give support to our students for knowing their problems and feeling regarding education, life, career, friends, family etc. in this paper researcher tried to find out the importance of the counseling in the mind of students of the effect of the same in students mind because in the recent time importance of the education is more and the use of technology is also more so its big problem for the students for connecting consciously with the learning, and without consciousness people cannot understand many thinks for life long time it’s just for examination. By using the qualitative research study research has tried to find out solution for the same with the sample of 60 students of undergraduate of Parul University. During the research researcher identified major two internal and external factors in which there are six other factors, with the help of the qualitative research technique. by Rahul Chauhan and Bhoomi R. Chauhan 2020. Impact of Academic and Social Factors on Education Performance of Students. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 5 (Mar. 2020), 34-43. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.140. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/140/137 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/140
Lester, derek a review of the student engagement literature focus v7 n1 2013William Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
Level of Influence of Parental Involvement on the Selected Tangub City Nation...Elton John Embodo
This study of mine determined the level of influence of parental involvement on the students to their studies. Assuming that the parents really influenced their children with regards to their studies, so it's focus is determine the level of influence.
This is unedited.. the grammar and the format still need to be checked by an expert.... weeks from now, I will be uploading the final version of my study,,the Edited one.
Time perspective, hope, and learning strategy among rural australian universi...James Cook University
Ganzer, J., Caltabiano, N. J., & Hajhashemi, K. (2015). Time Perspective, Hope, and Learning Strategy among Rural Australian University Students. British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 10(4). doi: 10.9734/BJESBS/2015/19449
Assessment of Student Engagement in Higher Education: A Synthesis of Literature and Assessment Tools .......... 1
B. Jean Mandernach, PhD
The Relevance of using Heuristic Strategies Problem Solving Strategies in your Math Lessons .............................. 15
Costică Lupu
The Effects of Three Types of Instructor Posting on Critical Thinking and Social Presence: No Posting, Facilitating
Discourse, and Direct Instruction ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Jamie Costley
Change in the Era of Common Core Standards: A Mathematics Teacher‟s Journey .................................................. 48
Laura B. Kent
Cooperative Learning Effectiveness in the Bureaucratic School: Views of Greek Secondary Education Teachers 64
Konstantina Koutrouba and Ioannis Christopoulos
Peer Tutoring as an Approach in Analysing Case Studies in a Business English Course .......................................... 89
Siew Fong Lin
A Case Study Exploring Junior High School Students’ Interaction Behavior in a Learning Community on
Facebook: Day and Time...................................................................................................................................................... 99
Chun-Jung Chen and Sheng-Yi Wu
Towards a Framework for Culturally Responsive Educational Leadership............................................................... 107
Brian Vassallo
The Survey on Classroom Discussion of Middle School Students .............................................................................. 121
Hua Zhang, Jinhui Cheng, Xinyu Yuan and Ying Zhang
A Course-Based Qualitative Inquiry into the Potential Impact of the Bachelor ...inventionjournals
This course-based qualitative study aims to explore what 4th-year Child and Youth Care students and recent graduates of the Bachelor of Child and Youth Care program at MacEwan University think about their likely parenting styles as a direct result of their Child and Youth Care educational experience. A thematic analysis of the data revealed four major themes: (1) the desire to be an authoritative parent, (2) courses, (3) themes and concepts that were meaningful, and (4) a better understanding of theories relevant to parenting and the need for self-reflection
Teacher Education Students Living in Boarding House/DormitoriesAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : Living inside the campus guarantees all sorts of good facilities will be readily and quickly
access from the gym, dining hall, classrooms, and library. This descriptive research study was aimed to
determine the factors affecting the students who live in the boarding houses/dormitories towards their academic
performance related to their financial; personal and boarding house security and if the gender of the individual
affects the performances of the students who live in the boarding house or dormitories of President Ramon
Magsaysay State University, Iba Campus, Iba, Zambales, A.Y. 2018-2019. Sixty (60) teacher education students
were chosen to be the respondents of the recent researches. The method used in this research study was a
descriptive survey questionnaire. Results revealed that Student –respondents were typically females, Academic
Performance of the student respondents is at the average level. Moderately agree on the financial, personal, and
boarding house factors affecting boarding student respondents. There is no significant difference in the factors
affecting boarding student respondents in terms of sex. There is no significant relationship between factors
affecting the boarding student – respondent in terms of the financial, personal, and boarding house. The result
of the study will be the baseline information that the Electricity supply, potable and running water must be
prioritize by the school administration. Parents should ensure enough allowance given to their children.
Boarding house/dormitories must have enough space for the study area. Conduct another study to deepen the
information provided specifically on focusing boarders privacy .
KEYWORDS : Boarding house, Financial, Personal, Academic Performance, Dormitories
ARE WE EFFECTIVELY TEACHING TODAY’S COLLEGE STUDENT?ijejournal
Evidence suggests that twenty first century college students have less aptitude and less interest in academic
learning than their predecessors. This poses a challenge to faculty who are charged with passing
knowledge to the next generation of teachers, scientists, managers and others whose field necessitates a
degree from a college or university. The authors examine this assertion by taking a closer look at how
faculty provide intellectual stimuli to their students, how technology helps or hinders learning, and the
complex relationship between faculty and students. Three broad themes are explored: helping students
understand the higher education experience, keeping students engaged in and out of class, and
continuously assessing for improvement in students’ relationships with those charged with educating them.
Specific recommendations, grounded in research, are made for each area explored. The authors conclude
that making changes in how faculty approach the experiences students have, will significantly improve the
quality of those experiences.
THE EFFECTS OF AUTHENTIC PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES ON STUDENTS’ EDUCATIONAL PERFO...Dr.Nasir Ahmad
In-practice traditional lecture, discussion and assignments based pedagogical practices play its role in students’ learning and retention power. The current study intends to investigate whether authentic pedagogical practices are more effective in terms of enhancing students’ educational performances and retention power or the traditional pedagogical practices. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students’ educational performances and retention power at secondary level. The objective was to measure the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students’ educational performances and retention power. A pre-test post-test comparative group design was adopted to conduct the study. The students of experimental group were exposed to authentic pedagogical practices while the control group was treated on traditional routine pedagogical practices. Data from the experimental and control group were collected through a self-developed test. Thrice was the test administered to both groups, the collected data were analyzed through Mean, Standard Deviation and independent sample t-test. Results of the study concludes that students of experimental group performed higher on the post-test than the students of control group, the performance of experimental group was also better as
Level of influence of parental involvement on the selected tangub city nation...Elton John Embodo
This study of ours is entitled "LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON THE SELECTED TANGUB CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS.
This is the final version of our study, I hope it will help you.
Inspiring Prosocial Behaviour in the Classroom through Collaborative Learning...ijtsrd
The mission of this case study was to analyze whether the collaborative learning environment in the classroom inspires prosocial behavior in students. Prosocial behaviours are intended to help other people, characterized by a concern about the rights, feelings and welfare of others. Behaviours that can be described as prosocial include feeling empathy and concern for others and behaving in ways to help or benefit other people. The sample consisted of a single classroom with 35 students. The analysis was done using sociograms. The sociometric analysis has shown that the prosocial behavior of students has improved while participating in the collaborative learning activities. The findings of the study indicate that the collaborative learning inspires students’ prosocial behaviours. Deepthi Karunakaran | Dr. P. B. Beulahbel Bency "Inspiring Prosocial Behaviour in the Classroom through Collaborative Learning: A Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31858.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/31858/inspiring-prosocial-behaviour-in-the-classroom-through-collaborative-learning-a-case-study/deepthi-karunakaran
In this interactive talk, the presenter introduces a study of learner engagement in university EFL contexts in Japan that is being undertaken as part of a doctoral program at the University of Reading in the U.K. Intuitively, as teachers, we can recognize engagement or disengagement in our own learners when we see it. However, it is not clear where this recognition comes from, or whether or not our perceptions align with learner realities. After presenting an outline of the research project and preliminary findings, the presenter will ask participants to collectively work on a list of instructional practices that promote engagement in university EFL classes.
Lester, derek a review of the student engagement literature focus v7 n1 2013William Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
Level of Influence of Parental Involvement on the Selected Tangub City Nation...Elton John Embodo
This study of mine determined the level of influence of parental involvement on the students to their studies. Assuming that the parents really influenced their children with regards to their studies, so it's focus is determine the level of influence.
This is unedited.. the grammar and the format still need to be checked by an expert.... weeks from now, I will be uploading the final version of my study,,the Edited one.
Time perspective, hope, and learning strategy among rural australian universi...James Cook University
Ganzer, J., Caltabiano, N. J., & Hajhashemi, K. (2015). Time Perspective, Hope, and Learning Strategy among Rural Australian University Students. British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 10(4). doi: 10.9734/BJESBS/2015/19449
Assessment of Student Engagement in Higher Education: A Synthesis of Literature and Assessment Tools .......... 1
B. Jean Mandernach, PhD
The Relevance of using Heuristic Strategies Problem Solving Strategies in your Math Lessons .............................. 15
Costică Lupu
The Effects of Three Types of Instructor Posting on Critical Thinking and Social Presence: No Posting, Facilitating
Discourse, and Direct Instruction ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Jamie Costley
Change in the Era of Common Core Standards: A Mathematics Teacher‟s Journey .................................................. 48
Laura B. Kent
Cooperative Learning Effectiveness in the Bureaucratic School: Views of Greek Secondary Education Teachers 64
Konstantina Koutrouba and Ioannis Christopoulos
Peer Tutoring as an Approach in Analysing Case Studies in a Business English Course .......................................... 89
Siew Fong Lin
A Case Study Exploring Junior High School Students’ Interaction Behavior in a Learning Community on
Facebook: Day and Time...................................................................................................................................................... 99
Chun-Jung Chen and Sheng-Yi Wu
Towards a Framework for Culturally Responsive Educational Leadership............................................................... 107
Brian Vassallo
The Survey on Classroom Discussion of Middle School Students .............................................................................. 121
Hua Zhang, Jinhui Cheng, Xinyu Yuan and Ying Zhang
A Course-Based Qualitative Inquiry into the Potential Impact of the Bachelor ...inventionjournals
This course-based qualitative study aims to explore what 4th-year Child and Youth Care students and recent graduates of the Bachelor of Child and Youth Care program at MacEwan University think about their likely parenting styles as a direct result of their Child and Youth Care educational experience. A thematic analysis of the data revealed four major themes: (1) the desire to be an authoritative parent, (2) courses, (3) themes and concepts that were meaningful, and (4) a better understanding of theories relevant to parenting and the need for self-reflection
Teacher Education Students Living in Boarding House/DormitoriesAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : Living inside the campus guarantees all sorts of good facilities will be readily and quickly
access from the gym, dining hall, classrooms, and library. This descriptive research study was aimed to
determine the factors affecting the students who live in the boarding houses/dormitories towards their academic
performance related to their financial; personal and boarding house security and if the gender of the individual
affects the performances of the students who live in the boarding house or dormitories of President Ramon
Magsaysay State University, Iba Campus, Iba, Zambales, A.Y. 2018-2019. Sixty (60) teacher education students
were chosen to be the respondents of the recent researches. The method used in this research study was a
descriptive survey questionnaire. Results revealed that Student –respondents were typically females, Academic
Performance of the student respondents is at the average level. Moderately agree on the financial, personal, and
boarding house factors affecting boarding student respondents. There is no significant difference in the factors
affecting boarding student respondents in terms of sex. There is no significant relationship between factors
affecting the boarding student – respondent in terms of the financial, personal, and boarding house. The result
of the study will be the baseline information that the Electricity supply, potable and running water must be
prioritize by the school administration. Parents should ensure enough allowance given to their children.
Boarding house/dormitories must have enough space for the study area. Conduct another study to deepen the
information provided specifically on focusing boarders privacy .
KEYWORDS : Boarding house, Financial, Personal, Academic Performance, Dormitories
ARE WE EFFECTIVELY TEACHING TODAY’S COLLEGE STUDENT?ijejournal
Evidence suggests that twenty first century college students have less aptitude and less interest in academic
learning than their predecessors. This poses a challenge to faculty who are charged with passing
knowledge to the next generation of teachers, scientists, managers and others whose field necessitates a
degree from a college or university. The authors examine this assertion by taking a closer look at how
faculty provide intellectual stimuli to their students, how technology helps or hinders learning, and the
complex relationship between faculty and students. Three broad themes are explored: helping students
understand the higher education experience, keeping students engaged in and out of class, and
continuously assessing for improvement in students’ relationships with those charged with educating them.
Specific recommendations, grounded in research, are made for each area explored. The authors conclude
that making changes in how faculty approach the experiences students have, will significantly improve the
quality of those experiences.
THE EFFECTS OF AUTHENTIC PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES ON STUDENTS’ EDUCATIONAL PERFO...Dr.Nasir Ahmad
In-practice traditional lecture, discussion and assignments based pedagogical practices play its role in students’ learning and retention power. The current study intends to investigate whether authentic pedagogical practices are more effective in terms of enhancing students’ educational performances and retention power or the traditional pedagogical practices. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students’ educational performances and retention power at secondary level. The objective was to measure the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students’ educational performances and retention power. A pre-test post-test comparative group design was adopted to conduct the study. The students of experimental group were exposed to authentic pedagogical practices while the control group was treated on traditional routine pedagogical practices. Data from the experimental and control group were collected through a self-developed test. Thrice was the test administered to both groups, the collected data were analyzed through Mean, Standard Deviation and independent sample t-test. Results of the study concludes that students of experimental group performed higher on the post-test than the students of control group, the performance of experimental group was also better as
Level of influence of parental involvement on the selected tangub city nation...Elton John Embodo
This study of ours is entitled "LEVEL OF INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON THE SELECTED TANGUB CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS.
This is the final version of our study, I hope it will help you.
Inspiring Prosocial Behaviour in the Classroom through Collaborative Learning...ijtsrd
The mission of this case study was to analyze whether the collaborative learning environment in the classroom inspires prosocial behavior in students. Prosocial behaviours are intended to help other people, characterized by a concern about the rights, feelings and welfare of others. Behaviours that can be described as prosocial include feeling empathy and concern for others and behaving in ways to help or benefit other people. The sample consisted of a single classroom with 35 students. The analysis was done using sociograms. The sociometric analysis has shown that the prosocial behavior of students has improved while participating in the collaborative learning activities. The findings of the study indicate that the collaborative learning inspires students’ prosocial behaviours. Deepthi Karunakaran | Dr. P. B. Beulahbel Bency "Inspiring Prosocial Behaviour in the Classroom through Collaborative Learning: A Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31858.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/31858/inspiring-prosocial-behaviour-in-the-classroom-through-collaborative-learning-a-case-study/deepthi-karunakaran
In this interactive talk, the presenter introduces a study of learner engagement in university EFL contexts in Japan that is being undertaken as part of a doctoral program at the University of Reading in the U.K. Intuitively, as teachers, we can recognize engagement or disengagement in our own learners when we see it. However, it is not clear where this recognition comes from, or whether or not our perceptions align with learner realities. After presenting an outline of the research project and preliminary findings, the presenter will ask participants to collectively work on a list of instructional practices that promote engagement in university EFL classes.
The goal of the study was to explore the scope of parental participation in junior high school education, particularly in the asynchronous modality. Specifically, parents’ perspectives, challenges, and contributions to children’s education were probed. Using social constructivism as a worldview, the study employed a qualitative phenomenological research design. Research participants comprised ten parents of junior high school students who were purposely selected based on the inclusion criteria as well as the appropriate ethical protocols of consent, anonymity, and confidentiality. Key informant interviews were conducted in the first quarter of 2022 in Barangay Colorado, Digos City. Three themes that describe the parents’ perceptions of the new normal education system were identified through thematic analysis of the qualitative data, including; saddening due to difficulty, requiring a positive attitude, and necessitating a positive change in attitude and mentality. The challenges faced by parents can be thematically described as; becoming passive, disinterest in studies, and constraints and limitations. Lastly, for the contributions given by the parents to their children’s studies under asynchronous distance learning, the themes are; reinforcing extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, giving support, and constructing a support system. It is hoped that these findings may be relevant for DepEd’s implementation of the self-learning modules.| Publisher: International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS)
Social Connections Strategy as a Predictive Factor of the First year Adolesce...ijtsrd
The study was carried out to investigate “social connections strategy and it influence on the first year adolescent academic adjustment in Cameroon state Universities. The researcher made used of mixed method with a concurrent nested research design. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire. The sample was made up of 759 students proportionately selected from five state Universities University of Bamenda, University of Buea, University of Maroua and University of Yaounde 1 and university of Betoua . Data was analysed using inferential and descriptive statistics. The descriptive statistical tools used were frequency count, percentages and multiple responses set which aimed at calculating the summary of findings. To test the hypothesis, the Spearman rho test was used because the data were not normally distributed based on the statistics of the test of normality assumption trend. In addition to the Spearman’s rho test, the Cox and Snell test was equally computed to explain the explanatory power in the hypothesis in terms of percentage to ease comprehension in readers who find it difficult to interpret the correlation coefficient value. On the other, the qualitative data derived from open ended questions were analysed using the thematic analysis approach with the aid of themes, groundings frequency and quotations. Findings showed that social connections r value 0.442 , p value 0.001 significantly influence the academic adjustment of newly admitted University students. The positivity of the influence implied that newly admitted University students are more likely to be academically adjusted when they are social connected with significant others. Nkemanjen Donatus Achankeng | Ngemunang Agnes Ngale Lyonga "Social Connections Strategy as a Predictive Factor of the First year Adolescent Students' Academic Adjustment in Cameroon State Universities" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59866.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/education/59866/social-connections-strategy-as-a-predictive-factor-of-the--first-year-adolescent-students-academic-adjustment--in-cameroon-state-universities/nkemanjen-donatus-achankeng
G11-2Describe how a change in the exchange rate affected your fiJeanmarieColbert3
G11-2
Describe how a change in the exchange rate affected your firm. Explain what happened to your price and quantity. How can you profit from future shifts in the exchange rate? How do you predict future changes in the exchange rate?
Running head: Introduction and Literature Review 1
Introduction and Literature Review 8
The Motivation of Students Towards Science Learning
Annette Williams
ECE660: Action Research and Inquiry in Education
Instructor Dr. Krummick
January 27, 2020
INTRODUCTION
The future professional role would be an early childhood educator to teach both Science and English. This would educate students through lectures and hand-on learning with adherence to the curriculum. The setting would be the classroom whereby it would ensure that there is a happy environment for all students. It would be good to act as a role model and a mentor by encouraging students to learn and ensuring that they do not face challenges such as depression or discrimination which would inhibit their learning. This would ensure that interacting with students more often and learn about their families. Maintaining good relationships with their families and having frequent communication would be a good way to understand any challenges the students could be facing. The current experience is helping kindergarten students learn social studies while the previous experience in helping students complete their homework. The future goal is to help improve the performance of students in science. Comment by Juliet Krummick: perfect
The purpose of the study is to find various ways in which students could be motivated during the learning of science. The student outcomes that need influence are their knowledge and skills in science and their attitude towards learning the subject. Assessments have shown that some students lack sufficient knowledge in science. The performance of students in science is also an area of interest to be influenced because it also determines whether or not the students are engaged in learning. Students are expected to obtain a positive attitude toward science learning. They should achieve good grades to show that they understand the topics at hand.
The fact that many students lose interest in learning science as they progress to higher levels shows that they are not engaged enough during the initial years of science learning specifically in first grade. Decreased motivation leads to lower grades in science (Uhm et al, 2018). Teachers do not put much emphasis on the teaching of science because they dedicate most of their time to reading within the researcher’s school. Students, therefore, lose interest in learning science because they are not fully engaged in learning by their teachers.
Teachers should ensure that they motivate students to learn. The provision of autonomy support to students enhances their motivation in learning. Student-teacher relationships are important in optimizing student motivation. "Educators and parent ...
W. Sean Kearney and Scott Peters - Published in NFEAS JOURNAL, 31(1) 2013-201...William Kritsonis
W. Sean Kearney and Scott Peters - Published in NFEAS JOURNAL, 31(1) 2013-2014 - Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982) - www.nationalforum.com
Student Engagement: A Comparative Analysis Of Traditional And Nontradional St...inventionjournals
This study purpose was to offer a perspective on Student Engagement: A Comparative Analysis of Nontraditional and Traditional Students Attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities. This study was designed utilizing secondary data from the National Survey of Student Engagement for the 2014 academic year. In comparing traditional and non-traditional undergraduate students, both descriptive and t-test analyses were utilized to explain the differences between nontraditional and traditional students’ levels of engagement while attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Developmental Process of Conceptual Understanding Through Reflective Journal ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The evolving educational landscape has made it more challenging to create 21st-century
learners who are prepared for the future and ready to take on the global competition. Furthermore, due to its
themes, goals, and objectives, social studies is mostly necessary in the current world. Additionally, it encourages
civic engagement and social interaction. Hence, this study investigated the effects of reflective journal writing
(RJW) in improving students' conceptual understanding. The study involved Grade-12 students of a
government-owned school in Olongapo, Philippines. The results revealed that the students' level of conceptual
understanding is at a developing level before the use of the intervention. After the application and use of RJW, it
has been observed that the level of conceptual understanding has improved. This research affirms the positive
effects of journal writing on the students’ enhancement of their conceptual understanding. Thus, teachers may
consider the strategy for students’ conceptual retention and enhancement. A parallel study may be conducted to
validate the effects of the intervention in other contexts.
Keywords -Conceptual Understanding, Social Studies, Reflective Writing, Transformative Learning
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First section:
A democratic education means an education free from any discrimination based on class, physical fitness, mental fitness, and race. Danforth (2001) explored the extent to which Deweyan perspective on democracy has been adopted in matters of special education. He explored several cases where this democratic perspective has been used to make decisions. The result of this conclusion is that the Deweyan perspective on democracy has influenced so many decisions that have been made concerning special needs education. This study explores the Deweyan perspective in relation to special education. This study shows how much democracy has been adopted in special education. On other hand, Stone et al (2016) analyzed Dewey’s philosophy and the part it plays in special education. Dewey’s philosophy encourages inclusivity which is a very important factor in special education. Inclusivity in children with special needs makes them feel appreciated as members of the larger community. This study outlines the aspects of equality and democracy in education. In this literature this study shows that disability is how we define it in order to achieve democracy in education, and how democracy in special education can be achieved.
When discussing the educational system, researchers seek justice within the schools as a part of representing the democratic values in education. In this study, Minton and Sullivan (2013) aimed at exploring the system of justice in schools to determine how much transformational leadership was applied especially in regard to students with special needs. With a sample of respondents from 26 schools and through surveys and interviewing methods, they embarked on their research. The result of this research was that the adoption of transformative leadership depended on the behavior and nature of the leaders in the school. This study is addressed in this paper because it shows to what extent transformative leadership has included students with special needs. This paper could represent the roots of how we reform the educational system in Saudi Arabia, and trying to connect this study to shape the educational vision 2030 of Saudi Arabia.
In Einarsdittir et al (2015) study they explored how the Nordic policies concerning early childhood education supported the creation of important values such as democracy, caring, and competence in children. According to Einarsdittir et al (2015) it is through education that children learn values to assist them in life. The policies in Nordic ECECs shape values .
Similar to A linear correlation analysis of student engagement and level of understanding among Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences Students (20)
The effect of Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth and Profitability on Tax ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research aims to test, analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the influence of
institutional ownership, sales growth and profitability on tax avoidance. The object of this research is
manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)
in 2018-2022. This research used quantitative research methods and causal research design. The sampling
technique in this research used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling as the basis for determining
the sample so that a sample of 55 samples was obtained. The data used is secondary data obtained from the
official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method
used was multiple linear regression analysis with several tests such as descriptive statistical tests, classical
assumption tests, and hypothesis testing using SPSS version 26 statistical software. The results showed that the
institutional ownership variable has no effect on tax avoidance, while the sales growth and profitability has a
negative and significant effect on tax avoidance.
KEYWORDS: Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth, Profitability, Tax Avoidance
MGA ESTRATEHIYA SA PAGTUTURO KAUGNAY SA PASALITANG PARTISIPASYON NG MGA MAG-A...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRAK: Ang mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ay mahalagang kasangkapan sa paghahatid ng mabisang
pagtuturo sa loob ng silid. Tinukoy sa pag-aaral na ito ang antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsasadula,
pangkatang talakayan at paggawa ng mga koneksyon sa tunay na karanasan sa buhay bilang mga estratehiya sa
pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino at pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 ng Misamis
University Junior High School, Ozamiz City. Ang ginamit na disenyo sa pananaliksik na ito ay deskriptivcorrelational. Ang mga datos sa pag-aaral ay nagmula sa kabuuang populasyon na 120 na mag-aaral at tatlong
mga guro na tagamasid sa pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral. Ang Talatanungan sa Kagamitan sa
Pagtuturo ng Panitikan at Checklist batay sa Obserbasyon sa Pasalita na Partisipasyon ay ang instrumentong
ginamit sa pagkalap ng datos. Mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance at Pearson Product-Moment
Correlation Coefficient ang mga ginamit na estatistiko na sangkap. Inihayag sa naging resulta na ang tatlong piling
estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino ay may pinakamataas na antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral.
Ang antas ng pakilahok ng mga mag-aaral sa paggamit ng tatlong estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan ay
pinakamataas na nagpapahiwatig na aktibong nakilahok ang mga mag-aaral sa mga gawain. Inihayag din na
walang makabuluhang kaibahan sa antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng
panitikan sa Filipino. Ito ay nangahulugan na gustong-gusto ng mga mag-aaral ang pagkakaroon ng mga
estratehiya sa pagtuturo. Walang makabuluhang kaugnayan ang kagustuhan sa mga estratehiya at antas ng
pakikilahok ng mga mag-aaral. Hindi nakaapekto sa kanilang pakikilahok ang anumang estratehiyang ginamit ng
guro.
KEYWORDS : estratehiya, karanasan, pagsasadula, pagtuturo, pangkatang talakayan
The Role of the Instruction of Reading Comprehension Strategies in Enhancing ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :Throughout my studies and teaching English in different language centers and higher studies
institutions, I have come to conclude that students consider Reading comprehension as a nightmare that
frightens them and hinders their language acquisition in the Moroccan EFL Context. This may cause them to
develop an internal psychological obstacle that grows as their lack of the necessary instruments or tools to
overcome are not equipped with. They become lost and unaware about or unfamiliar with the necessary reading
comprehension strategies that could help them to face the problem of misunderstanding or non-understanding
of English texts. Respectively, this article which is only one part of my whole study aims at showing the effect
of teaching reading strategies in enhancing the S1 students‟ familiarity with reading strategies and raising their
frequency use. A sample of 283 University students in EFL context have been chosen randomly and have
attended the usual academic reading classes, yet only 76 are subject to this survey. 38 of them constitute the
experimental group who have attended the treatment regularly in one of the language centers and the other 38
participants are chosen randomly from the whole population to constitute the Control group. They all have
Psychosocial Factors and Deviant Behaviors of Children in Conflict with the L...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This study aims to determine the relationship between psychosocialfactors and deviant
behaviors among children in conflict with the law (CICL) inDavao Region. The researchers want to discover the
prevalent factors thatdrive these children to their behaviors. Further, the study sought to determinethe
manifestation of psychosocial factors in terms of life satisfaction, emotionalsupport, self-esteem, and personality
traits. The study's data came from N-83children in conflict with the law (CICL) at the Regional Rehabilitation
Center forYouth (RRCY) in Bago Oshiro, Davao City; all respondents are male. This studyused a total
enumeration sampling technique due to the relatively smallpopulation size. The researchers adapted the
Psychosocial surveyquestionnaires by Zabriskie & Ward (2013) and by John and Srivastava (1999)as well as the
Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) by Sanches et al. (2016).Through the use of a validated questionnaire,
the mean and standard deviationare determined. The researchers modified this questionnaire and translated itinto
the respondents' mother tongue (Cebuano) for them to comprehend itbetter. The study discovered no significant
relationship between psychosocialfactors and deviant behaviors of children in conflict with the law (CICL) in
theDavao Region
KEYWORDS :Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL), deviant behaviors, psychosocial factors
Entropy: A Join between Science and Mind-SocietyAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Entropy is join, intersection and interaction between natural science and human mind-society.
We proposed that if internal interactions exist in isolated systems, entropy decrease will be possible for this
system. Management in system is a typical internal interaction within the isolated system. The purpose of
management is to use regulating the internal interactions within the system, and to decrease the increasing
entropy spontaneously. We propose the principle of social civilization and the developing direction is: freedom
of thought, rule of action. Both combinations should be a peaceful revision and improvement of social rules and
laws. Different countries and nations, different religions and beliefs should coexist peacefully and compete
peacefully. The evolution of human society must be coevolution. Its foundation is the evolution of the human
heart and the human nature.
KEYWORDS: entropy, science, society, management, mind, evolution.
A Model of Disaster Resilience Among Colleges and Universities: A Mixed Metho...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :This research paper aimed to create a comprehensive framework for measuring disaster
resilience in colleges and universities. The study used a mixed method through Exploratory Factor Analysis
(EFA), which involved analyzing data from a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on
in-depth interviews with 12 selected participants from the University of Mindanao, as well as relevant literature
and studies. It was reviewed and validated by 10 experts using a method called Content Validity Ratio (CVR).
This questionnaire was then administered to 400 students from 10 different colleges in University of Mindanao.
After conducting the Exploratory Factor Analysis and performing rotations and iterations, the researchers
identified five main constructs that characterize disaster resilience among colleges (1) disaster preparedness, (2)
disaster awareness, (3) community readiness, and (4) disaster management, (5) disaster resilience. The
researchers aimed to create an organization called “Council of College Disaster Volunteers (CCDV)” which
consist of student volunteers. These factors can be used to develop effective management strategies and
strengthen efforts in preventing and managing disasters and accidents.
KEYWORDS:content validity ratio, criminology, disaster resilience, disaster management, exploratory factor
analysis, and Philippines.
Environmental Struggles and Justice Among Lumad Farmers of Davao CityAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The study described the various environmental struggles experienced among the participants
and their status in accessing justice. The study followed a qualitative multiple-case study approach; the
participants are the Lumad farmers of Marilog, Davao City selected through a Critical sampling method and
aims to present the environmental violations experienced by the Lumad farmers in Davao City and how it
affected their families and sustenance further, their status in accessing justice is also explored. The study
concluded that the most common struggles the participant experience are Illegal logging and improper waste
disposal, which affect their farms, family, health, and income. Their preferred means to accessing justice is
through barangay settlement; the rigors of accessing courts, such as distance, expenses, fear of ruling, and the
hassle of being called to be present in court, are the most prevalent barriers that hinder the lead farmers from
accessing justice or seeking legal action. Nevertheless, the participants believed that the government would help
them in accessing justice.
KEYWORDS :access to justice, criminology,environmental justice, environmental struggles, lumadfarmers
CYBERBULLYING EXPERIENCES OF UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTSAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This paper explores the cyberbullying experiences among Criminology students at the
University of Mindanao. A simple random sampling method was used to distribute the study's online
questionnaire to the respondents and to survey the target population. This study has four hundred (400)
respondents, and the respondents are Criminology students at the University of Mindanao. The findings of this
study revealed that the level of cyberbullying experiences is sometimes manifested. On the other hand, the
cyberbullying experiences of the students indicate a moderate level, which indicates that the cyberbullying
experiences of the respondents are sometimes manifested. Also, the computations showed that among the
indicators presented, the highest mean is obtained in the psychological effect, which implies that there is a
significant effect of cyberbullying experiences of the respondents in terms of the Gender level of the
respondents. Therefore, respondents with a low level of cyberbullying experiences tend to have a moderate level
of cyberbullying experience. However, there is no significant effect in terms of age and year level of the
respondents according to the results regarding the psychological, emotional, and physical impact of
cyberbullying.
KEYWORDS :cyberbullying, emotional, experiences, psychological,physical effect, and simple random
sampling method.
A philosophical ontogenetic standpoint on superego role in human mind formationAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: One of the most significant contributions of psychoanalysis to understand the human being is the
elaboration of a model about the mind from a topical and dynamic perspective. Freud explains the mind by the
constitution of the preconscious, conscious, and subconscious. Later, by three dynamic components: the id, the
ego and the superego. Such an organization of the psychic apparatus supposes not only individual elements, but
social influences along the process of hominization. In this paper, we recover the findings of the renowned
anthropologist Lewis Morgan, trying to link some of them to the psychoanalytic theory. Especially highlighting
the importance of superego in Haidt’s social intuitionism.
Keywords: evolutionism, intuitionism, psychoanalysis, Freud, Haidt, Morgan
Improving Workplace Safety Performance in Malaysian SMEs: The Role of Safety ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: In the Malaysian context, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) experience a significant
burden of workplace accidents. A consensus among scholars attributes a substantial portion of these incidents to
human factors, particularly unsafe behaviors. This study, conducted in Malaysia's northern region, specifically
targeted Safety and Health/Human Resource professionals within the manufacturing sector of SMEs. We
gathered a robust dataset comprising 107 responses through a meticulously designed self-administered
questionnaire. Employing advanced partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques
with SmartPLS 3.2.9, we rigorously analyzed the data to scrutinize the intricate relationship between safety
behavior and safety performance. The research findings unequivocally underscore the palpable and
consequential impact of safety behavior variables, namely safety compliance and safety participation, on
improving safety performance indicators such as accidents, injuries, and property damages. These results
strongly validate research hypotheses. Consequently, this study highlights the pivotal significance of cultivating
safety behavior among employees, particularly in resource-constrained SME settings, as an essential step toward
enhancing workplace safety performance.
KEYWORDS :Safety compliance, safety participation, safety performance, SME
Psychological Empowerment and Empathy as Correlates of ForgivenessAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The study explores Psychological Empowerment and Empathy as Correlates of Forgiveness.
The two variables are regarded to have influence on the decision one makes to forgive another. The study aimed
at examining the relationships between psychological empowerment and forgiveness, empathy and forgiveness
and to identify which one of the two,Psychological Empowerment or Empathy, is the more powerful predictor of
forgiveness. The study took a survey design with a sample of 350 drawn from a population of university students
using a self-administered questionnaire with four sections: Personal information, Psychological empowerment
scale, Toronto Empathy questionnaire, and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS). Data analysis employed
Pearson’s product moment correlation and regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results show significant
relationships between psychological empowerment and forgiveness as well as empathy and forgiveness.
Empathy was found to be the more powerful predictor of forgiveness.
KEY WORDS: Psychological empowerment, empathy, forgiveness
Exploring The Dimensions and Dynamics of Felt Obligation: A Bibliometric Anal...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTARCT: This study presents, to our knowledge, the first bibliometric analysis focusing on the concept of
"felt obligation," examining 120 articles published between 1986 and 2024. The aim of the study is to deepen our
understanding of the existing knowledge in the field of "felt obligation" and to provide guidance for further
research. The analysis is centered around the authors, countries, institutions, and keywords of the articles. The
findings highlight prominent researchers in this field, leading universities, and influential journals. Particularly,
it is identified that China plays a leading role in "felt obligation" research. The analysis of keywords emphasizes
the thematic focuses of these studies and provides a roadmap for future research. Finally, various
recommendations are presented to deepen the knowledge in this area and promote applied research. This study
serves as a foundation to expand and advance the understanding of "felt obligation" in the field.
KEYWORDS: Felt Obligation, Bibliometric Analysis, Research Trends
Les autorités traditionnelles et l’administration coloniale au Tchad : 1900-1960AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : In Africa, traditionalauthorities are the guardians of tradition. Recently, however, they have
been caughtbetween tradition and modernity in the exercise of political power in Chad. However, we are
witnessing the revival of chieftaincy and the hybridization of the politicalpowersexercisedwithinit. In this
cohabitation of powers, traditionalauthorityisescapingitsrole as guardian of tradition.
Traditionalauthorityisthereforepresented in itscurrent state, as a proxy for the modern state in traditional
administrative districts. The aim of thisstudyis to analyze the mutations and adaptability of
traditionalauthorityfrom the pre-colonialperiodthrough the colonial period to the post-colonial period. This
workanalyzes the mutations of authorities. The data collected and processedrevealthattraditionalauthorities have
survivedalmosteverywhere, the former chiefdomsdissolvedduringcolonization have been restored by
republicanheads of state, while more and more frequently civil servants, businessmen, academics and
othermembers of the literateelite, whopreviouslyhad no attraction for the position of traditionalchief, are
beingenthroned.
Key words:Authorities, Administration, colonization, Chad, Kanem.
A Conceptual Analysis of Correlates of Domestic Violence and Adolescent Risky...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The study explores domestic violence and how it influences adolescent risky behavior.
Domestic violence is a devastating social problem resulting in significant and enduring effects on children,
threatening both their health and emotional well-being. The study aimed at examining the relationships between
domestic Violence and Psychological Empowerment, Domestic Violence and Self-esteem, psychological
Empowerment and Self-Regulation, Self Esteem and Psychological empowerment, Self-Esteem and Selfregulation, Self-Regulation and Adolescent Risky Behavior and identify the stronger predictor of self-regulation
between psychological empowerment and Self-esteem. Adolescent respondents who experienced domestic
violence were purposely selected and guided by teachers and administrators who had provided support to these
children.The questionnaire had six sections namely; personal information, the Child Exposure to Domestic
Violence Scale, the Psychological empowerment scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Inventory, and the Brief
Self-Control Scale. Data analysis employed Pearson's product-moment correlation (r) to test hypotheses 1,
2,3,4,5, and 6. Regression analysis was used for hypothesis 7.The results show a significant relationship
between domestic Violence and Psychological Empowerment, Domestic Violence and Self-esteem,
psychological Empowerment and Self-Regulation, Self Esteem and Psychological empowerment, Self-Esteem
and Self-regulation, Self-Regulation, and Adolescent Risky Behavior. The study documents that Psychological
empowerment is a stronger predictor of self-regulation than Self-esteem.
KEYWORDS:Domestic violence, psychological empowerment, self-regulation, and Adolescent risky behavior
Driving Sustainable Competitive Advantage Through an Innovative Aggregator Bu...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of the aggregation business model on
Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA). Through a survey of 216 MSMEs in the creative economy sector
selected randomly using an ex post facto causal research approach, an overview of the aggregator business
model and its impact on financial resources and SCA was obtained. The aggregator business model plays a role
in facilitating increased access to financial resources to meet both available and required working capital for
realizing SCA in Malang's Lokanima area. The strength of ABM lies in understanding the resources needed for
SCA and the effectiveness of mobilizing services while considering the most cost-effective options, including
providing various alternatives in their provision. Financial resources are an important factor supporting the
achievement of SCA. Access to financial resources is key to facilitating business growth and sustainability.
Theoretical implications: The concept of the aggregator business model emphasizes the efficient and effective
collection, aggregation, and distribution of resources in connecting service providers with consumers in an
economical and efficient manner. Practical implications: ABM can enhance the performance of financial
resource provision by optimizing relationships with MSMEs and financial institutions, leading to business
growth and sustainability for MSMEs.
KEYWORDS -Aggregator Business, Creative Economy, Financial Resources, Sustainable Competitive
Advantage
Accuracy of ChatGPT for Basic Values of Trigonometric FunctionsAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study analyzes the accuracy of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence model based on GPT3.5, in determining the values of basic trigonometric functions. To this end, we examine ChatGPT's responses to
sine, cosine, tangent, and cotangent values for a wide range of angles. We compare the results provided by
ChatGPT with the accuracy values determined by basic trigonometry. We also explore differences in accuracy
depending on changes in question complexity and given context. The results show a high level of accuracy of
ChatGPT in determining the values of trigonometric functions, especially for common angles. However, it is
noted that accuracy may be affected in certain cases of extreme angles or complex questions. This analysis
provides an important representation of ChatGPT's capabilities in the field of mathematics, using a new method
for testing the accuracy of artificial intelligence models in determining trigonometric values.
Keywords -Accuracy, AI Model, ChatGPT, Trigonometric Functions, Trigonometry
Postmodern Marketing and Its Impact on Traditional Marketing Approaches: Is K...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The essay discusses the concept of postmodern marketing and its impact on marketing theory
and practice. It explores the characteristics of postmodernism, including openness, tolerance, hyper-reality,
fragmentation, and the lack of clear boundaries, and how they challenge traditional marketing approaches. The
paper also looks at the contributions of postmodern marketing to consumer and marketing research and how it
has redefined the way we think about marketing as a science. Ultimately, it raises the question of whether and
how marketing should adapt itself to the new conditions brought about by postmodernism.
KEYWORDS :Postmodernism, Postmodern Marketing, Kotler, Marketing Theory, Postmodern Consumer
Reorientation of Health Service Governance Toward the Fulfillment of Social J...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Health insurance is a human right. At the practical level, this health insurance program in
Indonesia is organized by BPJS Kesehatan (Social Security Administering Body for Health). The
implementation of BPJS Kesehatan is still not optimal and effective. Three problems are discussed in this
writing: the dynamics of health insurance governance in Indonesia, the implementation of the fulfillment of the
right to health by BPJS Kesehatan, and the reorientation of BPJS Kesehatan services toward social justice.
These problems are then answered by scientific research methods using a sociological juridical approach.
Complaintsoften occur regarding the regulations, the services provided by the health facility providers, and the
distance between the community and the health facilities. Such complaints affect the public interest in becoming
BPJS Kesehatan participants. The aforementioned conditions must be considered and evaluated for the
government's success in the aspired national health insurance plan.
KEYWORDS -BPJS Kesehatan, Health Insurance, Social Justice
“To be integrated is to feel secure, to feel connected.” The views and experi...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Although a significant amount of literature exists on Morocco's migration policies and their
successes and failures since their implementation in 2014, there is limited research on the integration of subSaharan African children into schools. This paperis part of a Ph.D. research project that aims to fill this gap. It
reports the main findings of a study conducted with migrant children enrolled in two public schools in Rabat,
Morocco, exploring how integration is defined by the children themselves and identifying the obstacles that they
have encountered thus far. The following paper uses an inductive approach and primarily focuses on the
relationships of children with their teachers and peers as a key aspect of integration for students with a migration
background. The study has led to several crucial findings. It emphasizes the significance of speaking Colloquial
Moroccan Arabic (Darija) and being part of a community for effective integration. Moreover, it reveals that the
use of Modern Standard Arabic as the language of instruction in schools is a source of frustration for students,
indicating the need for language policy reform. The study underlines the importanceof considering the
children‟s agency when being integrated into mainstream public schools.
.
KEYWORDS: migration, education, integration, sub-Saharan African children, public school
Sport et vieillissement : une analyse de la pratique des activités physiques ...AJHSSR Journal
Abstract : The aim of thispaperis to report on the effects of physicalactivity and sport on the health of older
people. Based on a mixed-methodsapproach, several techniques, namelydocumentaryanalysis and semistructured interviews, wereused in thisresearch in order to obtain a range of data thatwasavailable, accessible
and relevant to the subjectunderstudy. This enabled us to arrive at the resultsaccording to which the
stakeholders' perceptions of theirhealth are based on the practice of physicalactivities and sport as a social
construct in a socio-cultural context. Older people see sport as a way of curingillnesses, but above all as a way
of givingtheir bodies vitality. Othersseeit as a way of reinvigoratingthemselvesafter retirement.
Key words: Ageing, Physical activities, Sports activities, Elderly people.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
A linear correlation analysis of student engagement and level of understanding among Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences Students
1. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2018
A J H S S R J o u r n a l P a g e | 41
American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR)
e-ISSN : 2378-703X
Volume-02, Issue-08, pp-41-47
www.ajhssr.com
Research Paper Open Access
A linear correlation analysis of student engagement and level of
understanding among Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences
Students
Jenika Gi-An C. Nero, Beatrice Jubilee Orbiso,
Eureka Alra Mahusay, Tracy Paulyne Suan, Alainna Regil Cui
Flordeliza Soroño-Gagani,LPT.,MA.,PhD(c)
University of San Carlos, Basic Education Department-Senior High School, South Campus
Cebu City, Philippines
ABSTRACT: Students are usually left silent and confused when they are asked to participate in class when they
do not know or understand the lesson being discussed. This is why this correlational study was conducted in
order to determine if there is a significant relationship between student engagement and level of understanding
among the randomly chosen 30 Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students of the University of San
Carlos –Senior High School – South Campus in Cebu City Philippines. Adapted questionnaires on student
engagement and level of understanding were utilized and went through the face and content validity and pilot
testing to obtain validity and reliability. Simple mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's r correlation were used
to treat the interval data. Based on the findings, the students‟ level of student engagement was rated high
(̅ ) and their level of understanding was found to be high as well (̅ ).
The researchers also discovered that there is a significant relationship between the two variables, r(28) = 0.63, p
< 0.05 among the 30 respondents. These findings imply that the students participate in school activities and
learn different ideas based on their comprehension of the different subjects and courses. The moderately high
correlation between the variables also denotes that when the students understand the topics being discussed,
he/she will most likely engage in class as well.
KEYWORDS: Student engagement, level of understanding, descriptive correlation
I. INTRODUCTION
For a child to succeed in their education they must have a certain level of engagement that can help
them. There are many factors that can contribute to their level of engagement like their surroundings and the
people around them. When students show interest in what is being taught in school, they learn and retain more.
Students immersed in their work exert more effort in finishing the task at hand. They also find the work more
enjoyable than those who are unconcerned with the schoolwork.
One of the primary elements that are alluded to student engagement is the relationship between the
effort, time, and other significant
One of the primary elements alluded to student engagement is the relationship between the time, effort,
and other significant means devoted by schools and their students that are destined to enhance the learning and
development of students, as well as the institution‟s performance and reputation. Majority of writings regarding
student engagement mostly address the need to improve student learning. According to Coates[1], student
engagement does rely on the number of educational activities that a student immerses in. This participation, as
shown in past researches, likely lead to high-quality learning.
„Student engagement‟ originated from a body of work pertained to student involvement particularly in
North America and Australasia, where annual large-scale national surveys are established and conducted.
George Kuh and Hamish Coates, two of the most prolific authors regarding student engagement, have
connections with the organizations that helped develop and implement the aforementioned surveys which are
based within various universities and private companies.
To determine the level of engagement one of the factors to consider is if the subject the student is
taking entices them: if it is intellectually stimulating, has been taught properly, and many more. Another factor
is the curriculum or the educational system they are in. If they feel like they are inspired to go to school or do
school works.
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In an article by Wang and Degol [2], their knowledge and definition of student engagement are
innovated as they take into account the factors that affect how a student engages in class. According to Wang
and Eccles[3], students are able to focus their attention and energy on finishing tasks, persist when problems
arise and connect with their school when they are engaged in learning. Appleton, Christenson, and Furlong[4]
then state that: "therefore, student engagement is critical for successful learning”. It is also mentioned in the
article that context molds student engagement. When they have positive learning experiences and reaffirmations
in terms of their development in a learning context, then they are most likely to engage more in class.
Student engagement has been raising the education lexicon over the last decade. Engagement refers to
the involvement of the students with their school works and other school activities. Such activities may range
from the time spent working in the campus or studying, to the learning experiences inside and outside the
classroom that encourage students to educationally connect with peers.
The work that students perform during their time in school is more significant in the long run than who
they are or which university they choose to attend. This basic formula has been agreed upon by the extensive
background of student experience research in the United States. Astin‟s [5] theory of student involvement
claims that being involved does lead to student learning and positive developments like satisfaction, persistence,
academic success, and achievement.
Schools from around the globe have been improving student engagement. Universities and other
schools have been doing many things to cater to the needs and interests of their students to enhance the student
involvement. With the rise of information and communication technologies in education, more options become
available for institutions to further enhance student engagement not just within university premises but also in
online environments. The increasingly marketized and competitive environment in mass higher education
propels schools to make student engagement a pivotal focus of attention in their institutions. Intervention and
enrichment programs were introduced to raise the level of engagement of students. In the study of Soroño –
Gagani and Bonotan [6] there is enough evidence that the more the students are engaged in a series of
enhancement activities, the more are the chances of self-improvement. Furthermore, the more engaging, the
more meaningful the lessons it becomes and the more chances for transfer of learning.
Theoretical Framework
This research is anchored on two theories, namely, Vygotsky‟s Social Learning Theory and Astin‟s
Student Development Theory.
Social Learning Theory. Vygotsky‟s [7] theory on social learning focuses on the role of social
interaction to cognitive growth. In his theory, he suggests that learning takes place when students communicate
and relate with their peers, teachers, and even with fellow students. As cited by Soroño – Gagani, and Bonotan
[6] in their article, Vygotsky received strong support from other theorists who advocated the idea that social
interaction plays a significant role in cognition development. Even Bandura [8] states that “full cognitive
development requires social interaction.” Hence, teachers also consequently play a huge role in building a solid
learning environment in the classroom. By having class activities such as group discussions and collaborations,
students are able to deliberate among themselves the things they‟ve learned and understood in class. They will
be able to engage more once they play as mentors, coaches or tutors to their classmates. The conversation theory
of G.Pasks [9] as cited by Scott [10] explains that students learn more if they “teach back” what they have
learned by engaging themselves in a conversation about the subject matter.
Vygotsky fundamentally apprehends that “learning always occurs and cannot be separated from a
social context”. [8] In this research, the aspect of social interaction among the respondents does greatly affect
their understanding and engagement in class. The respondents do attend school activities and study with friends
which increase their level of student engagement. By deepening one‟s learning and understanding through social
interaction, students are motivated to also participate and engage more in class.
Student Development Theory. Alexander Astin's [7] Theory of Student Involvement articulates that
when students are more involved in co-curricular tasks, they receive more desirable results than those who are
less engaged. There are three elements that compose the core concepts of the theory. First, the “inputs” of a
student like their background, demographics, and previous curricular experiences; second, the student‟s
“environment”, which refers to all of the student‟s experiences during college in and out of class; and lastly, the
“outcomes” that persist within students even after they have graduated college which includes their knowledge,
characteristics, attitudes, values, and beliefs.
Astin states that a continuous investment of psychosocial and physical energy is needed in student
involvement He also mentions that such aspects of involvement may either be quantitative or qualitative. The
outcomes that a student receives from being academically involved is directly proportional to the lengths to
which were involved. Finally, academic performance is closely associated with student involvement. Moreover,
students who participate more in student organizations, leadership positions, and other co-curricular activities
has led positive correlation to the academic performance of the students. This is the reason why universities
encourage their students to be more involved and committed to school activities.
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These theories wanted to be validated by the researchers if this is also true to the current settings – to
the Humanities and Social sciences students who will be taking social sciences courses.
II. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study aimed to determine the relationship between student engagement and level of understanding
among Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) students. Specifically, this study wanted to answer
the following questions: (a) What is the level of student engagement among Grade 11 Humanities and Social
Sciences students? (b) What is the level of understanding among Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences
students? (c) Is there a significant relationship between student engagement and level of understanding?
This study hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between student engagement and level
of understanding among the Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students. Additionally, the researchers
also presumed that the level of student engagement is average and the level of understanding is high among the
students. This study is only limited to the Grade 11 students in the University of San Carlos –Basic Education
Department – Senior High School, South Campus in Cebu City, Philippines for the school year 2017 – 2018.
Obtaining the correlation between the two variables is of great importance to teachers to help them gain
more knowledge on how to help their students engage further in class and to know more about student-approach
techniques. This research will also aid teachers to be more aware of their students‟ weaknesses in terms of class
participation. Students, on the other hand, will be made aware of how they can use their understanding and
comprehension by engaging more in their classes. This is also a chance for future researchers to look into the
ways that students learn and engage more in their subjects and courses.
III. METHODOLOGY
Method
This study utilized a quantitative non-experimental descriptive correlational research in order to
describe the phenomenon on the relationship between student engagement and understanding level of students.
This is based dependently on numerical data to effectively complete the study. Furthermore, this research solely
deals with describing the characteristics of the population or phenomenon being studied. It does not answer the
questions “how/why/when” but rather gives answers to the “what” questions. The purpose of descriptive
research is to observe, describe, and document the data collected from the instrument used. Simple descriptive
statistics and Pearson‟s Product moment correlation were used to treat the data. The statistical tool of
correlation was used since it dealt with two variables from the same population or sample which was under
study and it determined whether or not the variables have a relationship. The variables being studied also
showed a relationship between an independent and dependent variable.
Respondents
The sampling frame was taken from the list of all Senior High School students enrolled in the
University of San Carlos in the S.Y. 2017-2018. Thirty (30) senior high school students were chosen as the
respondents of the study. These students were selected through stratified proportionate sampling which was
applied to each block in the Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students in the University of San Carlos –
South Campus then samples were taken based on simple random sampling. Table 1 presents the demographic
profile of the respondents.
Table 1. The respondents of the study
Section f % GENDER F % AGE f %
A 6 20.00 MALE 7 23.33 16 2 6.67
B 6 20.00 FEMALE 23 76.67 17 22 73.33
C 6 20.00 18 6 20.00
D 6 20.00
E 6 20.00
TOTAL 30 100 30 100 30 100
The researchers chose to take a sample from the total population for the convenience and accessibility
of reaching the intended respondents for the research study. The researchers were aware that conducting a
survey of the whole population is costly and time-consuming. Contacting the whole population is also
unattainable since there will be respondents who are unavailable or who'll choose not to respond during the time
of the researchers' surveying.
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Environment
The study was conducted at the University of San Carlos (USC) – South Campus. The school is a
Catholic private university managed by the University President Fr. Dionisio M. Miranda, SVD. USC offers
Basic Education (Kindergarten, Grade School, Junior High School, and Senior High School) and higher
education courses. Prospective students may choose from 57 undergraduate and 74 graduate programs such as
business, engineering, and humanities courses. This environment was picked because of the convenience it
provided for the researchers to gather the data needed for the study. This means that the researchers can avoid
unnecessary expenses in terms of fares since the venue where the survey was conducted does not require them
to travel far.
Instrument
The instrument that was used to gather the data for this research was an adapted survey questionnaire.
The survey has two parts, which were both adapted and modified surveys that were answered through levels or
ratings with one (1) standing for the answer Strongly Disagree and five (5) for the answer Strongly Agree. In
order for this research to be valid, it passed through content and face validity by letting the Statistics teacher
who is also a Research teacher check the survey instrument. For the reliability of the survey tool, procedures
were done by conducting a pilot test to other respondents who are not included in the sampling frame but are
part of the target population. The questionnaire was pilot tested to 30 Grade 11 Arts & Design students through
Simple Random Sampling. Reliability Test using Cronbach's alpha was used to obtain a 0.82 reliability
coefficient which is acceptable in educational sciences. This means that the items in the questionnaire were
highly consistent and thus ready for the final data gathering of the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
In order to analyze and interpret the data gathered, simple mean, and standard deviation were used to
solve the level of students' engagement and understanding of lessons and activities in school. To determine the
significant relationship between the student engagement and level of understanding among Grade 11 Humanities
and Social Sciences students, a statistical test of correlation was applied using Pearson's Product moment
correlation ratio in which it follows the principle that the closer r is to +1 or -1, the more closely the two
variables are related.
Data Gathering Procedures
In order to realize the project, the researchers sought the approval from the Strand Coordinator by
submitting a letter of intent. Though the sampling procedure of this research used the stratified random sampling
process, all respondents still had the freedom to participate or not. The researchers also ensured to fully inform
the respondents regarding the whole procedure of the research project to protect the confidentiality and
anonymity of the subjects. In analyzing and interpreting the gathered data, the researchers used accessible
technology to neatly organize the procedure and results of the study. The software Microsoft Excel is the most
efficient application to statistically treat the data gathered and to also display the results in graphs, charts, and
tables. Statistical software for Social Sciences was also used in order to check the reliability of all results.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
This chapter presents the results and discussions of the level of student engagement and understanding
among the Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students in the University of San Carlos – South Campus
(USC-SC). The researchers have also determined the relationship between the two variables through analysis
and interpretation of the gathered data using Pearson‟s r correlation. Table 2 presents the level of student‟s
engagement in Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students of USC-SC.
Table 2: The level of student engagement
Items Mean SD Description
1. I feel that my schoolwork is important 4.27
0.63
Very High
2. I am praised for doing good work at school. 3.43 0.84
High
3. I am interested in what I am learning in school. 3.57 0.92
High
4. My teachers believe that I can do well in school. 3.27 0.68
Average
5. I try to do my best in school every day. 3.87 0.81
High
6. I go to school so I can get a good job. 4.07 0.63
High
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7. I want to graduate from high school so that I can go to
college.
4.57 0.5
Very High
8. I attend school activities with friends. 4.03 0.87
High
9. I often study or do assignments with friends to practice.
3.57 0.80
High
10. My classes are teaching me the skills that I need to be
successful in life outside of school.
3.8 0.83
High
Overall Mean Rating
3.84 0.75 High
Interval: 1 – 1.8 (Very Low); 1.81 – 2.6 (Low); 2.61 – 3.4 (Average); 3.41 – 4.2 (High) 4.21 – 5 (Very High)
Table 2 shows that most of the items received a high rating ( ̅ ). This means that the
Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students of the University of San Carlos – South Campus have a high
level of student engagement. There are two items that were rated very high by the students ( ̅
0.56) and a total of seven items were rated high ( ̅ ). Only one item in the survey received an
average rating ( ̅ ) which talked about their teachers‟ faith in their academic performance.
This means that the respondents neither agree nor disagree on whether their teachers believe that they can do
well in school.
For items that received a very high rating, the students strongly agree that schoolwork is indeed
important and that they want to finish their high school education in order to go to college. The items that
received a high rating from the respondents focused on the students‟ experiences regarding their classes. To wit:
the Grade 11 HUMSS students agree that they are indeed praised for doing well in school and are interested in
what they are learning inside the classroom. The respondents also agree that they attend school activities and
finish schoolwork with friends. This implies that the students engage more in school when they are with friends.
Lastly, the respondents agreed that their classes do teach them life-long learning skills that helped them become
successful people not just inside the school, but outside as well.
Table 3 presents the level of understanding among the Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences
students of USC-SC.
Table 3: The level of understanding
Items Mean SD Description
1. Overall, this subject has been intellectually
stimulating.
3.67 0.87 High
2. Overall, this subject has been well coordinated. 3.47 0.76 High
3. Overall, this subject has been supported by
useful learning resources.
3.87 0.88 High
4. Overall, this subject has been well-taught. 3.47 0.72 High
5. Focusing on my own learning in this subject, I
have been required to work at a high standard.
3.63 0.91 High
6. Focusing on my own learning in this subject, I
found the assessment tasks useful in guiding my
study.
3.8 0.75 High
7. Focusing on my own learning in this subject, I
received valuable feedback on my progress.
3.77 0.72 High
8. Focusing on my own learning in this subject, I
learned new ideas, approaches, and/or skills.
3.8 0.6 High
9. Focusing on my own learning in this subject, I
learned to apply knowledge to practice.
3.73 0.73 High
10. Focusing on my own learning in this subject, I
have been part of a group committed to learning.
3.73 0.68 High
Overall Mean Rating 3.69 0.09 High
Interval: 1 – 1.8 (Very Low); 1.81 – 2.6 (Low); 2.61 – 3.4 (Average); 3.41 – 4.2 (High) 4.21 – 5 (Very High)
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Out of the data gathered from the survey, the level of understanding among Grade 11 Humanities and
Social Sciences Students is rated high ( ̅ , SD = 0.09). All the items in the questionnaire received a high
rating, which means that all of the respondents do understand the things being taught in school. Although, the
items that discuss the coordination and teaching of the subjects have the lowest mean ( ̅ , SD = 0.76)
compared to all the other items in the survey.
Based on the gathered data, the researchers conclude that the students do have high levels of
understanding with regards to the subjects and courses taught in class.
Table 4 presents the correlation between the level of student engagement and the level of understanding
among Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students in USC-SC.
Table 4: The correlation between the level of student engagement and understanding
Correlations
engagement understanding
engagement Pearson Correlation 1 .626**
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 30
understanding Pearson Correlation .626** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000
N 30 30
**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Using the alpha level (0.05) and degree of freedom (28), the researchers look up a critical value in the
r-table and find a critical r of 0.361. If Pearson r is greater than the r-tabled value, the researchers shall reject the
null hypothesis. If Pearson r is less than the r-tabled value, the researchers must not reject the null hypothesis.
Since Pearson r (0.63) is greater than the r-tabled value (0.361), then the researchers shall reject the null
hypothesis.
Out from the statistical treatment applied to the data from the survey, the researchers found out that
there was a moderately positive relationship (r = 0.63) between the level of student engagement and level of
understanding. There was also a moderately high correlation between the level of student engagement and level
of understanding. This means that the degree of the strength and direction of the relationship between the level
of student engagement is moderately related to the level of understanding among 30 Grade 11 Humanities and
Social Sciences students.
V. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences students have high levels of student
engagement. This implies that the Grade 11 HUMSS students engage in their schoolwork, class group
discussions, and peer school activities. In addition, the respondents also have high levels of understanding which
denotes that they have learned different ideas and skills from their comprehension of their subjects and courses.
In terms of the correlation between the two variables, there is indeed a significant relationship between the level
of student engagement and understanding, r(28) = 0.63, p < 0.05 among the 30 respondents. The moderately
high computed value of r suggests a fairly strong relationship between the two variables among 30 Grade 11
Humanities and Social Sciences students. This means that when a student understands a lesson, he/she will most
likely engage and participate in class.
It is therefore recommended by the researchers to also apply this study to other education levels, such
as those students who are still in Junior High School. Conducting this research to lower grade levels will help
determine whether or not the students‟ level of student engagement and understanding will worsen or improve
after each education year level.
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