A Comparative Analysis of Prevention and Delinquency - Authors Mary Magee Quinn and Jeffrey Poirier, American Institutes for Research, National Center on Education, Disability,and Juvenile Justice (EDJJ)
Public Safety, Public Spending: Forecasting America’s Prison Population, 2007...brighteyes
Public Safety, Public Spending: Forecasting America’s Prison Population, 2007-2011 Adam Gelb, Project Director
Public Safety Performance Project
The Pew Charitable Trusts, Pew Center on the States
October 2, 2007
Health Care Continuity in Jail, Prison and Community brighteyes
Health Care Continuity in Jail, Prison and Community Thomas.Lincoln@bhs.org
Hampden County Correctional Center Baystate Brightwood Health Center Springfield, MA 2006
Wisconsin’s BadgerCare Plus Coverage Expansion: Early Evaluation Resultssoder145
Wisconsin expanded its BadgerCare Plus (BC+) program in 2008 with three main components: eligibility expansion, administrative simplification, and outreach efforts. An evaluation found large enrollment increases among children and parents, exceeding projections. The majority of new enrollees were already eligible. Auto-enrollment of eligible children was effective. Exits increased initially but are leveling off. While the expansion was successful, officials are concerned about rising costs. The evaluation suggests eligibility expansions coupled with simplification and outreach can increase participation, and auto-enrollment is promising for enrolling newly eligible populations.
Using Linked Survey and Administrative Records Studies to Partially Correct S...soder145
1. The document discusses using linked survey and administrative data to partially correct estimates of Medicaid enrollment from the Current Population Survey (CPS), which are known to underestimate actual enrollment levels.
2. The author implements a statistical modeling approach using older linked CPS and Medicaid enrollment data to predict Medicaid enrollment probabilities for more recent CPS data, allowing for adjustment of the estimates.
3. This approach increases the adjusted national Medicaid enrollment estimate by 21 percentage points compared to the unadjusted CPS data, bringing the estimate closer to administrative records while allowing timely analysis. However, the approach also has limitations such as being a partial correction.
Massachusetts health reform reduced the rate of uninsured children in half. It cut the uninsured rate for all children to 1.8% and for low-income children to 3%. There was no substitution of public coverage for employer-sponsored insurance. Access to care likely increased due to reductions in uninsurance and non-group coverage. The findings suggest that increasing enrollment in public programs is possible, even when eligible uninsured rates are high, by addressing barriers to enrollment and coverage gaps for parents.
Single Payer Systems: Equity in Access to Caresoder145
Presentation by Lynn Blewett at "The True Workings of Single Payer Systems: Lessons or Warnings for U.S. Reform' conference sponsored by the Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law, May 10 2008.
The document discusses improving mental health and criminal justice outcomes through community-based solutions. It notes that the current mental health system is fragmented and fails to address the needs of those with severe mental illness, leading to unnecessary costs. The Bexar County, Texas model created a county-wide jail diversion program through collaboration between law enforcement, courts, treatment providers, and other stakeholders. Key outcomes included reduced incarceration and revocation rates, lower healthcare costs, and over 800 empty jail beds.
1) Community-based mental healthcare services are more effective than institutional care by allowing for greater family involvement, being less restrictive, and producing better outcomes at a lower cost.
2) Integrating community-based services helps with early detection and treatment of mental health issues while reducing hospitalization needs and helping patients live successfully in their communities.
3) Studies show that average monthly spending per person for home and community-based services is much lower than for institutional care like nursing homes.
Public Safety, Public Spending: Forecasting America’s Prison Population, 2007...brighteyes
Public Safety, Public Spending: Forecasting America’s Prison Population, 2007-2011 Adam Gelb, Project Director
Public Safety Performance Project
The Pew Charitable Trusts, Pew Center on the States
October 2, 2007
Health Care Continuity in Jail, Prison and Community brighteyes
Health Care Continuity in Jail, Prison and Community Thomas.Lincoln@bhs.org
Hampden County Correctional Center Baystate Brightwood Health Center Springfield, MA 2006
Wisconsin’s BadgerCare Plus Coverage Expansion: Early Evaluation Resultssoder145
Wisconsin expanded its BadgerCare Plus (BC+) program in 2008 with three main components: eligibility expansion, administrative simplification, and outreach efforts. An evaluation found large enrollment increases among children and parents, exceeding projections. The majority of new enrollees were already eligible. Auto-enrollment of eligible children was effective. Exits increased initially but are leveling off. While the expansion was successful, officials are concerned about rising costs. The evaluation suggests eligibility expansions coupled with simplification and outreach can increase participation, and auto-enrollment is promising for enrolling newly eligible populations.
Using Linked Survey and Administrative Records Studies to Partially Correct S...soder145
1. The document discusses using linked survey and administrative data to partially correct estimates of Medicaid enrollment from the Current Population Survey (CPS), which are known to underestimate actual enrollment levels.
2. The author implements a statistical modeling approach using older linked CPS and Medicaid enrollment data to predict Medicaid enrollment probabilities for more recent CPS data, allowing for adjustment of the estimates.
3. This approach increases the adjusted national Medicaid enrollment estimate by 21 percentage points compared to the unadjusted CPS data, bringing the estimate closer to administrative records while allowing timely analysis. However, the approach also has limitations such as being a partial correction.
Massachusetts health reform reduced the rate of uninsured children in half. It cut the uninsured rate for all children to 1.8% and for low-income children to 3%. There was no substitution of public coverage for employer-sponsored insurance. Access to care likely increased due to reductions in uninsurance and non-group coverage. The findings suggest that increasing enrollment in public programs is possible, even when eligible uninsured rates are high, by addressing barriers to enrollment and coverage gaps for parents.
Single Payer Systems: Equity in Access to Caresoder145
Presentation by Lynn Blewett at "The True Workings of Single Payer Systems: Lessons or Warnings for U.S. Reform' conference sponsored by the Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law, May 10 2008.
The document discusses improving mental health and criminal justice outcomes through community-based solutions. It notes that the current mental health system is fragmented and fails to address the needs of those with severe mental illness, leading to unnecessary costs. The Bexar County, Texas model created a county-wide jail diversion program through collaboration between law enforcement, courts, treatment providers, and other stakeholders. Key outcomes included reduced incarceration and revocation rates, lower healthcare costs, and over 800 empty jail beds.
1) Community-based mental healthcare services are more effective than institutional care by allowing for greater family involvement, being less restrictive, and producing better outcomes at a lower cost.
2) Integrating community-based services helps with early detection and treatment of mental health issues while reducing hospitalization needs and helping patients live successfully in their communities.
3) Studies show that average monthly spending per person for home and community-based services is much lower than for institutional care like nursing homes.
1) The document discusses new estimates from the American Community Survey that show an increase in uninsured children in Minnesota from 2008 to 2009, making Minnesota one of two states to see a rise.
2) It analyzes characteristics of uninsured children such as race, poverty level, and geographic location within Minnesota. Key findings include higher uninsurance among those with at least one full-time worker or with only a high school education.
3) The document concludes the ACS is a new tool for evaluating health insurance coverage at sub-state levels and that Minnesota is falling in state rankings for children's coverage.
National Health Care Reform: The Proposals and the Politicssoder145
Presentation by Elizabeth Lukanen at the University of Minnesota Academic Health Center's Student Leadership Summit in Minneapolis, MN, December 5, 2009.
The National HIV Prevention Inventory provides the first, comprehensive inventory of HIV prevention efforts at the state and local levels in the United States. Based on a survey of 65 health departments, including all state and territorial jurisdictions and six U.S. cities, the Inventory is intended to offer a baseline picture of how HIV prevention is delivered across the country in an effort to provide policymakers, public health officials, community organizations, and others with a more in depth understanding of HIV prevention and the role played by health departments in its delivery.
The Growing Challenges to State Telephone Surveys of Health Insurance Coverag...soder145
The document discusses the growing challenges facing state telephone surveys in estimating health insurance coverage. It uses Minnesota as a case study, finding declining response rates and an increasing proportion of households with only wireless phones. To address issues of sample coverage and non-response bias, surveys employ complex post-stratification weighting adjustments. While such adjustments help account for missing data, surveys still underrepresent certain groups and increasingly rely on population controls for accuracy. Continued research is needed to improve survey methods given these evolving challenges.
Early Impacts of the ACA on Health Insurance Coverage in Minnesotasoder145
The analysis found that the number of uninsured Minnesotans fell from 445,000 to 264,000 between September 2013 and May 2014, a reduction of 180,500 people. This unprecedented drop in uninsurance reduced Minnesota's rate from 8.2% to 4.9%. Most coverage gains occurred in public insurance programs like Medical Assistance, which saw an increase of 155,000 people. Private health insurance coverage also increased by a net gain of 30,000 as a result of a 36,000 gain in nongroup coverage offsetting a 6,000 loss in group coverage. The findings were consistent with other analyses of the early impacts of the Affordable Care Act nationally and with reforms in Massachusetts.
A Correction for the Full-Supplement Imputation Bias in the Current Populatio...soder145
The document describes research analyzing bias in estimates of uninsured rates in the Current Population Survey (CPS) due to incomplete health insurance data from households. It finds the CPS method of imputing full health insurance coverage for households without complete data introduces around a 1% upward bias in uninsured rates. The researchers created alternative CPS weights that remove households without complete data to eliminate this bias, finding lower uninsured rates more consistent with other data sources.
Tackling the Tough Topics: The public plan option, employer pay or play, and ...soder145
Presentation by Jean Abraham of the University of Minnesota at the Minnesota Senate Health and Human Services Budget Division hearing in St. Paul, MN, August 18 2009.
The Problem, Progress Made and Prospects for the Future: Insights from Linked...soder145
The document discusses three key themes regarding estimates of health insurance coverage and the uninsured population: 1) Current uncertainty in estimates undermines their usefulness for policymaking. 2) Validation studies have reduced uncertainty by matching survey responses to administrative records. 3) Future research through continued validation and linking of additional data sources can further increase confidence in estimates to better inform policy solutions.
Can Post-Stratification Adjustments Do Enough to Reduce Bias in Telephone Sur...soder145
This document summarizes research examining whether post-stratification adjustments can reduce bias in telephone surveys that do not sample cell phone-only households (CPOH). The study used NHIS data to compare health estimates with and without CPOH. Post-stratification weighting reduced bias on most outcomes, especially for insurance coverage and access. Bias reduction worked best for the overall population but less so for Hispanics, Blacks, and young adults. While post-stratification can help account for omitting CPOH, more work is needed to monitor its effectiveness over time as phone usage changes.
1) A study found that survey estimates of Medicaid enrollment from the Current Population Survey (CPS) are much lower than actual enrollment figures from administrative data. 2) The study linked CPS data to Medicaid administrative data and found that 43% of people enrolled in Medicaid did not report having Medicaid coverage in the CPS. 3) Reasons for not reporting Medicaid included stigma, lack of knowledge about program name or household members' coverage status, and general lack of knowledge about having any insurance coverage.
Implications of the Affordable Care Act: Medicaid Expansion for Health Care A...soder145
This document summarizes a study on the implications of Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act. The study analyzed data on low-income uninsured and Medicaid-enrolled adults to: 1) understand the health care needs of those who could gain Medicaid and 2) estimate how well Medicaid would meet their needs. The results suggest those gaining Medicaid would have large reductions in access problems but still face barriers, as Medicaid enrollees had higher emergency department use than the uninsured. The estimates help inform expectations for Medicaid expansion, but have limitations from differences between current and new enrollees.
The document discusses various delinquency prevention and intervention programs. It describes early intervention programs like Perry Pre-School and Head Start. It also discusses risk-focused programs, diversion programs, mentoring programs like Big Brothers Big Sisters and JUMP, school-based programs, and teen court programs. The effectiveness of these different approaches is evaluated in preventing delinquency.
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development proposes that moral reasoning develops in six distinct stages as people age. It is based on the work of Jean Piaget and uses stories involving moral dilemmas to assess reasoning. The six stages progress from obedience to authority out of fear of punishment, to maintaining social norms, to reasoning based on universal ethical principles. Kohlberg studied children's responses to stories like one about a man named Heinz stealing a drug to save his dying wife to determine their stage of moral development.
1) The document discusses new estimates from the American Community Survey that show an increase in uninsured children in Minnesota from 2008 to 2009, making Minnesota one of two states to see a rise.
2) It analyzes characteristics of uninsured children such as race, poverty level, and geographic location within Minnesota. Key findings include higher uninsurance among those with at least one full-time worker or with only a high school education.
3) The document concludes the ACS is a new tool for evaluating health insurance coverage at sub-state levels and that Minnesota is falling in state rankings for children's coverage.
National Health Care Reform: The Proposals and the Politicssoder145
Presentation by Elizabeth Lukanen at the University of Minnesota Academic Health Center's Student Leadership Summit in Minneapolis, MN, December 5, 2009.
The National HIV Prevention Inventory provides the first, comprehensive inventory of HIV prevention efforts at the state and local levels in the United States. Based on a survey of 65 health departments, including all state and territorial jurisdictions and six U.S. cities, the Inventory is intended to offer a baseline picture of how HIV prevention is delivered across the country in an effort to provide policymakers, public health officials, community organizations, and others with a more in depth understanding of HIV prevention and the role played by health departments in its delivery.
The Growing Challenges to State Telephone Surveys of Health Insurance Coverag...soder145
The document discusses the growing challenges facing state telephone surveys in estimating health insurance coverage. It uses Minnesota as a case study, finding declining response rates and an increasing proportion of households with only wireless phones. To address issues of sample coverage and non-response bias, surveys employ complex post-stratification weighting adjustments. While such adjustments help account for missing data, surveys still underrepresent certain groups and increasingly rely on population controls for accuracy. Continued research is needed to improve survey methods given these evolving challenges.
Early Impacts of the ACA on Health Insurance Coverage in Minnesotasoder145
The analysis found that the number of uninsured Minnesotans fell from 445,000 to 264,000 between September 2013 and May 2014, a reduction of 180,500 people. This unprecedented drop in uninsurance reduced Minnesota's rate from 8.2% to 4.9%. Most coverage gains occurred in public insurance programs like Medical Assistance, which saw an increase of 155,000 people. Private health insurance coverage also increased by a net gain of 30,000 as a result of a 36,000 gain in nongroup coverage offsetting a 6,000 loss in group coverage. The findings were consistent with other analyses of the early impacts of the Affordable Care Act nationally and with reforms in Massachusetts.
A Correction for the Full-Supplement Imputation Bias in the Current Populatio...soder145
The document describes research analyzing bias in estimates of uninsured rates in the Current Population Survey (CPS) due to incomplete health insurance data from households. It finds the CPS method of imputing full health insurance coverage for households without complete data introduces around a 1% upward bias in uninsured rates. The researchers created alternative CPS weights that remove households without complete data to eliminate this bias, finding lower uninsured rates more consistent with other data sources.
Tackling the Tough Topics: The public plan option, employer pay or play, and ...soder145
Presentation by Jean Abraham of the University of Minnesota at the Minnesota Senate Health and Human Services Budget Division hearing in St. Paul, MN, August 18 2009.
The Problem, Progress Made and Prospects for the Future: Insights from Linked...soder145
The document discusses three key themes regarding estimates of health insurance coverage and the uninsured population: 1) Current uncertainty in estimates undermines their usefulness for policymaking. 2) Validation studies have reduced uncertainty by matching survey responses to administrative records. 3) Future research through continued validation and linking of additional data sources can further increase confidence in estimates to better inform policy solutions.
Can Post-Stratification Adjustments Do Enough to Reduce Bias in Telephone Sur...soder145
This document summarizes research examining whether post-stratification adjustments can reduce bias in telephone surveys that do not sample cell phone-only households (CPOH). The study used NHIS data to compare health estimates with and without CPOH. Post-stratification weighting reduced bias on most outcomes, especially for insurance coverage and access. Bias reduction worked best for the overall population but less so for Hispanics, Blacks, and young adults. While post-stratification can help account for omitting CPOH, more work is needed to monitor its effectiveness over time as phone usage changes.
1) A study found that survey estimates of Medicaid enrollment from the Current Population Survey (CPS) are much lower than actual enrollment figures from administrative data. 2) The study linked CPS data to Medicaid administrative data and found that 43% of people enrolled in Medicaid did not report having Medicaid coverage in the CPS. 3) Reasons for not reporting Medicaid included stigma, lack of knowledge about program name or household members' coverage status, and general lack of knowledge about having any insurance coverage.
Implications of the Affordable Care Act: Medicaid Expansion for Health Care A...soder145
This document summarizes a study on the implications of Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act. The study analyzed data on low-income uninsured and Medicaid-enrolled adults to: 1) understand the health care needs of those who could gain Medicaid and 2) estimate how well Medicaid would meet their needs. The results suggest those gaining Medicaid would have large reductions in access problems but still face barriers, as Medicaid enrollees had higher emergency department use than the uninsured. The estimates help inform expectations for Medicaid expansion, but have limitations from differences between current and new enrollees.
The document discusses various delinquency prevention and intervention programs. It describes early intervention programs like Perry Pre-School and Head Start. It also discusses risk-focused programs, diversion programs, mentoring programs like Big Brothers Big Sisters and JUMP, school-based programs, and teen court programs. The effectiveness of these different approaches is evaluated in preventing delinquency.
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development proposes that moral reasoning develops in six distinct stages as people age. It is based on the work of Jean Piaget and uses stories involving moral dilemmas to assess reasoning. The six stages progress from obedience to authority out of fear of punishment, to maintaining social norms, to reasoning based on universal ethical principles. Kohlberg studied children's responses to stories like one about a man named Heinz stealing a drug to save his dying wife to determine their stage of moral development.
This document discusses youth delinquency in the Philippines. It defines delinquency as misbehavior that violates rules, customs, and traditions. It classifies delinquents as social, neurotic, asocial, or accidental. Common offenses committed by youth include stealing, truancy, vagrancy, and sexual aberration. Causes of delinquent behavior include social factors, personal problems, necessity, imitation, curiosity, ignorance, and disease. Important needs of youth are acceptance, security, independence, guidance, control, and love. Family-related issues like lack of harmony between parents and children can also contribute to delinquency.
Kohlberg's theory of moral development..finalpurple_abby14
The document discusses Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development which include 3 levels - pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional morality. Each level contains 2 stages that describe how people understand and make decisions regarding moral issues based on their perspective which develops from a focus on obedience and self-interest to social norms to principled thinking. The document also provides examples of responses to scenarios involving a man stealing a drug to save his dying wife that illustrate reasoning at each of Kohlberg's 6 stages of moral development.
Juvenile delinquency refers to illegal acts committed by minors. There are four major risk factors that contribute to juvenile crime: substance abuse, family issues, personal issues, and easy access to drugs. To prevent delinquency, a harmonious family environment, support and supervision from parents, and facilities/extracurricular activities at school are important. Curative efforts involve actions from police and legal authorities to address symptoms of delinquency, while empowering youth can prevent re-offending. Neglect, abandonment or abuse can push a child toward criminal acts despite their normal capacity for obedience and morality.
Lawerence Kohlberg developed a theory of moral development with three levels and six stages. In the first preconventional level, morality is based on obedience and punishment (Stage 1) or individual needs (Stage 2). The conventional level focuses on interpersonal relationships (Stage 3) and maintaining social order (Stage 4). The post-conventional level considers social contracts and individual rights (Stage 5) and universal ethical principles (Stage 6). Kohlberg's theory has been criticized for not necessarily linking moral reasoning to behavior, overemphasizing justice, and having a Western cultural bias.
This report estimates the global economic costs of violence against children range from $7 trillion to $97 billion annually depending on the type of violence. The $7 trillion figure represents costs from physical, psychological and sexual violence, while $97 billion captures costs of the worst forms of child labor. Current government spending on prevention remains very low compared to these costs. The evidence shows that prevention programs pay off but are underfunded. More data is needed on costs of different forms of violence against children, especially in low- and middle-income countries, to strengthen policy arguments.
Mubarak Al kaabi Analyzing criminal behavior.pdfmbkkmb2
Various factors can influence a child's development into a criminal, including family environment, interactions between social agents, and lack of support systems. A dysfunctional family or parental abuse can negatively impact a child's development. Without proper coordination between family and education, or access to mental healthcare, a child may engage in criminal behavior later in life due to these adverse childhood experiences. Understanding what drives criminals can help prevent future crimes by addressing their basic needs and the root causes that influenced their criminal behavior.
Detention centers expose youth to harm and increase recidivism rates. Alternatives to detention are more effective and less costly. While detention reform efforts have reduced youth detention populations, hundreds of thousands of youth still cycle through detention centers each year, many for non-violent offenses. Funds would be better invested in community-based programs proven to reduce recidivism and engage family support systems.
The document discusses the importance of education for economic self-sufficiency and positive life outcomes. It outlines data showing that higher levels of education correlate with higher wages, lower unemployment, better health, lower crime rates, and other benefits. It then proposes the creation of a statewide mentoring program in Indiana with the goal of ensuring every student has an adult passionate about their academic success to help improve high school graduation rates and academic performance.
Breakthrough Strategies in Prevention Education: The Intersection of Alcohol ...Maria Candelaria
Get an overview of the most current research exploring the nexus between alcohol use and sexual assault, and consideration of the impact on those who commit, experience, or witness harm. Our presenters will share practical approaches for strengthening your strategic prevention plan through spotlights on successful interventions.
Value and Impact of The Children’s Advocacy Center Model Health Easy Peasy
This document discusses the value and impact of the Children's Advocacy Center (CAC) model for addressing child abuse. It begins by outlining the objectives of gaining an understanding of the origins and philosophy of the CAC movement as trauma-informed and victim-oriented. It then reviews research showing the efficacy of the multidisciplinary CAC approach and the associated cost savings compared to traditional models. The document also highlights the adverse effects of childhood trauma based on the landmark Adverse Childhood Experiences Study, and the economic and public health impacts of child abuse.
This document discusses bullying in the digital age and related issues. It covers:
1) The impact of bullying on individuals, families, and schools, including mental health issues and increased tensions.
2) The rise of cyberbullying among youth and its negative health impacts.
3) Issues around youth sexuality, technology, and the law, including sexting and its legal risks. The document aims to raise awareness and identify prevention strategies.
The document discusses bullying and cyberbullying among youth. It covers the impact of bullying on individuals, families, schools and communities. Key points include increased mental health issues for victims, family tensions, pressure on schools to address incidents, and rising cyberbullying rates due to more time online and anonymity. The second half examines youth sexuality issues like sexting and legal ages of consent.
Juvenile Diversionary Programs in TexasAlaina Moeai
The document discusses juvenile diversion programs in Texas and their goals of redirecting youth offenders from the justice system through supervision and support services. It provides details about the statewide Community Youth Development (CYD) program and the local Tejano Center for Community Concerns Juvenile Justice Diversion Program in Houston. Both programs aim to prevent delinquency by providing services like academic support, life skills training, and family counseling. Research shows that diversion programs can reduce probation referrals and improve school performance when comprehensive services are provided by experienced caseworkers.
Applying Restorative Justice in case of Child Victims and OffendersSonal Sheth
India’s existing legal and institutional framework has several dimensions that address the psychosocial needs of children in both cases, when they are victims as well as offenders. Scope of improvisation remains in terms of implementation of the psychosocial care where Restorative Justice offers better framework. Also, Restorative Justice offers broader inclusion of stakeholders and addresses multiple needs. With help of skilled facilitators the quality of justice received by children can become better and also possibly transformative.
Child protection and social protection ch prot & adol network meeting v2Mies Infa
This document discusses the connection between child protection and social protection policies. It argues that while they are distinct areas, they overlap and complement each other in working towards goals like poverty reduction, social development, and fulfilling rights. The document outlines some of the issues in the current situation regarding child poverty and disparities in Latin America. It also discusses different social protection approaches like conditional cash transfers and the debates around them, advocating for universal, integrated systems of protection.
The document discusses issues related to substance abuse among teens. It notes that teens who abuse drugs and alcohol are more likely to engage in criminal behavior and end up in the juvenile justice system. Four out of five teens in the justice system have substance abuse problems. Treatment is more effective and cheaper than incarceration, but many teens do not receive treatment. Effective treatment requires a coordinated, long-term, family-focused approach addressing multiple needs.
Chapter 5 5. Eaton Tool Company has fixed costs of $255,000,.docxchristinemaritza
Chapter 5
5. Eaton Tool Company has fixed costs of $255,000, sells its units for $66, and has variable costs of $36 per unit.
Break-even analysis
(LO5-2)
a. Compute the break-even point.
b. Ms. Eaton comes up with a new plan to cut fixed costs to $200,000. However, more labor will now be required, which will increase variable costs per unit to $39. The sales price will remain at $66. What is the new break-even point?
c. Under the new plan, what is likely to happen to profitability at very high volume levels (compared to the old plan)?
10. The Sterling Tire Company’s income statement for 2013 is as follows:
Degree of leverage
(LO5-2 & 5-5)
STERLING TIRE COMPANY
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
Sales (20,000 tires at $60 each)
$1,200,000
Less: Variable costs (20,000 tires at $30)
600,000
Fixed costs
400,000
Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)
$ 200,000
Interest expense
50,000
Earnings before taxes (EBT)
$ 150,000
Income tax expense (30%)
45,000
Earnings after taxes (EAT)
$ 105,000
Given this income statement, compute the following:
a. Degree of operating leverage.
b. Degree of financial leverage.
c. Degree of combined leverage.
d. Break-even point in units.
14. International Data Systems information on revenue and costs is only relevant up to a sales volume of 105,000 units. After 105,000 units, the market becomes saturated and the price per unit falls from $14.00 to $8.80. Also, there are cost overruns at a production volume of over 105,000 units, and variable cost per unit goes up from $7.00 to $8.00. Fixed costs remain the same at $55,000.
Nonlinear breakeven analysis
(LO5-2)
a. Compute operating income at 105,000 units.
b. Compute operating income at 205,000 units.
Chapter 6
Short-term versus longer-term borrowing
(LO6-3)
Intermediate Problems
9. Sauer Food Company has decided to buy a new computer system with an expected life of three years. The cost is $150,000. The company can borrow $150,000 for three years at 10 percent annual interest or for one year at 8 percent annual interest.
BCJ 4101, Police and Community Relations 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit VI
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
9. Analyze violence, crime, and vandalism in schools.
Reading Assignment
Chapter 11:
Community Policing and Drugs
Chapter 12:
Bringing Youths into Community Policing
Unit Lesson
There are many correlations to crime. Correlations of crime include factors such as poverty, unemployment,
mental illness, IQ, and substance abuse. Many studies have been devoted to looking specifically at the
connection between drugs and crime. Youth throughout the entire United States are surveyed annually to
assess their initial and continued exposure to drugs through self, friends, and/or family use. Data describing
drug use across age groups report alarming trends. For example, more than half of young adults will have
tried at ...
Running head: JUVENILE JUSTICE 1
JUVENILE JUSTICE 21
Title of Project: Juvenile Justice System
XXXXXXX E. XXXX
Mentor: Prof. Christine Hansen
Liberal Arts Capstone (LIB-495-OL008)
State University
11 January 2018
Abstract
The Juvenile Justice Systems has been established with a significant aim of diverting adolescent offender’s destructive punitive actions of criminal courts as well as encouraging youth rehabilitation that is based on the needs of an individual juvenile. This system differs from adult criminal courts in numbers of ways. It looks at an adolescent as a person who needs assistance, instead of looking at the act that made him or her appearance before the court. The judge ought to act in the best suitable interests of the child. Juvenile court proceedings were always closed to the public. Juvenile records were also to remain very confidential so that they do not to interfere with the ability of the child or adolescent to be rehabilitated and merged back into the society. Juveniles are never charged with any crimes, instead of with delinquencies. They are never found guilty but instead, are considered delinquent. They are never sent to prison, but rather to training schools or reformatories. Treatment that incorporates the provision of educational facilities for juvenile offenders, counseling, and guidance, etc. are far better off than punishments that involve prison sentences or fines. This is so because a child would feel loved and cared for. This element plants a seed of love into the juvenile offender’s heart making him or her better person. On the other hand, however, punishment makes them more aware of their criminal character because it gives them what they deserve. They live in self-condemnation.
Table of Contents
Abstract 2
Chapter 1 5
Introduction 5
Background of the Topic 5
Problem Statement 6
Significance of the Study 6
Methodology 6
Definition of Terms 8
Chapter 2 9
Literature review 9
Introduction 9
History of the Juvenile Justice 9
Risk Factors that Escalate Juvenile Crime 10
Chapter 3 15
Research Design and Methodology 15
Introduction 15
Triangulation 15
Sampling 15
Plan of Action 16
Main Research Question: What should be done to curb the increasing violent crimes committed by youthful offenders? 17
Sub research question: What are the underlying social issues that lead to delinquent and criminal behavior in adolescents? 17
Conclusion 18
Chapter 4 19
Results of the Study 19
Introduction 19
Findings 20
Main Research question: What should be done to curb the increasing violent crimes committed by youthful offenders? 20
Sub-question: What are the underlying social issues that lead to delinquent and criminal behavior in adolescents? 22
Discussion from Questionnaires Responses 23
Summary 23
Chapter 5 25
Summary and Discussion 25
Introduction 25
Statement of Problem 26
Explanation of Project 27
Re ...
Determining the Influence of Transition or Community-Based Interventions on R...LaKeisha Weber
This study examined the relationship between transition services and recidivism rates among urban students in the southeastern United States. Data was collected from 34 students' records on whether they received transition services after leaving juvenile justice and whether they recidivated. A chi-squared analysis found no significant relationship (p=.868) between receiving transition services and lower recidivism. The contingency coefficient showed a weak association between the variables, supporting the null hypothesis that transition services do not affect recidivism rates.
This webcast was developed by the Office of
Adolescent Health (OAH) in May 2013 as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs and presents global strategies for adolescent pregnancy prevention.
Finding what works helping young adults transition into adulthoodmdanielsfirstfocus
The document discusses conducting a rigorous random assignment evaluation of Youth Villages' Transitional Living program. It notes that while random assignment is the gold standard for evaluation, it also presents ethical issues in denying some youth access to the program. It describes the recruitment process, challenges in meeting enrollment goals, efforts to monitor program fidelity, costs to the provider, and the lengthy timeline from beginning the study to receiving preliminary outcome results. The evaluation aims to determine the program's impacts on outcomes like housing stability, education, employment, and crime reduction.
This document summarizes a webinar on co-occurring risk behaviors during adolescence. The webinar objectives were to describe how youth risk behaviors are correlated, identify factors that place youth at risk for multiple outcomes, consider how teen pregnancy programs address overlapping risk factors, and discuss implications for partnerships and sustainability. The webinar included an overview of youth risk behaviors, lessons from a teen pregnancy prevention program in New Orleans that addressed trauma and mental health needs, and implications for considering common and unique risk factors in programming.
The document outlines a program called "Breaking the Cycle" which aims to prevent juvenile delinquency through early intervention strategies rather than detention. The program will identify at-risk youth ages 8-21 and provide in-house programs, counseling, education, and referrals to address issues like learning disabilities, health, social skills, and life skills. The goal is to support healthy development and avoid youth entering the criminal justice system, which is far more costly both financially and in human suffering than prevention and intervention programs.
The document discusses issues with the current juvenile justice system in Arkansas and advocates for more community-based programs and services for at-risk youth as alternatives to incarceration. It notes that most youth who commit crimes desist from criminal behavior as they mature and that community programs have success rates over 90% in preventing recidivism. The costs of incarcerating one youth is over $131,000 annually whereas community programs save taxpayers millions by preventing children from lives of crime. It highlights real cases of youth helped by community support instead of incarceration.
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Our Future and the End of the Oil Age: Building Resilience in a Resource-Cons...brighteyes
Our Future and the End of the Oil Age: Building Resilience in a Resource-Constrained World
by Dmitry Orlov
March 25, 2010
Bristol Community College
University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document presents a model curriculum for Applied Health Informatics (AHI) developed through a collaborative process. It defines the AHI role, identifies key challenges faced by AHIs, and develops competencies in areas like strategic planning, procurement, and project management. The curriculum maps these competencies to 22 categories that will be delivered through short online courses to professionals in the field through a diploma program at the University of Waterloo.
Himss Covvey Departmental Systems Posterbrighteyes
The document discusses issues with departmental information systems (DISs) and proposes that DISs should be viewed as tools to support departmental operations and management. It argues that when procuring a DIS, departments should define their operational models and ensure the DIS can facilitate desired work processes. The DIS data model should also align with the department's management model to support quantitative management. Viewing the DIS as embodying operational and management models can help departments better utilize the system.
- The document outlines initiatives by the Computer Science Department related to health informatics, including the establishment of a Center for Computer Science Research in Health Informatics and a graduate specialization in health informatics.
- It also describes the creation of an Education Program for Health Informatics Professionals to provide continuing education to IT and health professionals through distance learning courses in applied health informatics.
- A number of faculty members are identified who have research interests relevant to health informatics, and potential areas for future health informatics research are listed.
The document discusses health informatics research at a computer science department. It defines health informatics as the development of concepts, structures, frameworks and systems to enable efficient and effective healthcare. It outlines several potential areas of health informatics research including health information management, intelligent health systems, health user interfaces, health communications, mathematical computing in health and operating systems for health. It also lists faculty involved in health informatics research and provides an overview of the department's health informatics activities and progress.
Mecca Construction Plans for the Future - Kabahbrighteyes
This document outlines the construction master plan for Mekkah after 2010 as seen from satellite views, with stages of construction beginning and continuing until reaching a final look, with the hope that Allah will allow people to see the holy city with their own eyes.
The document discusses the systemic risk posed by an AIG failure and its potential consequences. It summarizes that an AIG failure would:
1) Have devastating impacts on the global economy due to AIG's extensive business operations and interconnections.
2) Potentially trigger a "run on the bank" for AIG's $1.9 trillion in life insurance policies and cause turmoil in credit markets beyond the Lehman fallout.
3) Negatively impact the U.S. government's efforts to stabilize the economy by crushing confidence and increasing borrowing costs.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Justine Hinwood and Spencer Reynolds on the topic of torture and the Abu Ghraib prison scandal. The presentation defined torture, discussed the background of Abu Ghraib including the photo scandal, and examined various theories for and against the use of torture as well as current US legislation and stance on torture. It concluded by suggesting that the US avoid using torture as it is damaging, a human rights violation, and gives the country a bad reputation.
The document discusses challenges to expressivism, a view that moral statements express attitudes rather than representing facts. It summarizes Blackburn's solution to the Frege-Geach problem of how to understand moral language in contexts where attitudes are not directly expressed. Blackburn analyzes moral conditionals as expressing attitudes toward combinations of attitudes in moral sensibilities. Critics argue this makes failures to accept valid moral inferences a moral rather than logical failure.
The document discusses and provides examples of torture techniques used by the US on detainees in the War on Terror, including at Abu Ghraib prison, Guantanamo Bay, and secret CIA black sites. These techniques include stress positions, sleep deprivation, waterboarding, and prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures and loud music. The document argues that these techniques constitute torture as defined by both US and international law, and that torture is an ineffective and counterproductive interrogation method that spreads human rights abuses and recruitment for adversaries.
The document criticizes the Bush administration for its conduct of the war in Iraq, including misleading the public about weapons of mass destruction and causing hundreds of thousands of Iraqi deaths. It also accuses the administration of torture at Guantanamo Bay and secret prisons, indefinite detention without trial, suppression of science, moves toward a Christian theocracy, and policies restricting abortion and family planning.
The document discusses the ethics of torture, including definitions of torture in international law and arguments for and against allowing torture. It notes that the Geneva Convention prohibits torture of prisoners of war. Arguments for torture include that it can gain valuable information quickly, while others do it, and that terrorists are not covered by the Geneva Convention. However, arguments against torture are that it is an ineffective method, could lead down a slippery slope, puts captors at risk of reciprocal torture, undermines moral consistency, and degrades a nation's dignity.
Marketing to the Islamic World Mustafa M. Farouk Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand Presentation to the International Marketing Class MARK 302 School of Marketing & International Business, Victoria University of Wellington, October 6, 2006
ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE: MALAYSIA’S EXPERIENCE AND ACHIEVEMENTSbrighteyes
ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE: MALAYSIA’S EXPERIENCE AND ACHIEVEMENTS 13 June 2006
Victoria University of Wellington
Presented by:
Bakarudin Ishak
Director
Islamic Banking and Takaful Department Bank Negara Malaysia
ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE: WHAT’S IN IT FOR CANADIAN COMPANIES?
Mohammad Fadel
Canada Research Chair in the Law and Economics of Islamic Law University of Toronto Faculty of Law October 16, 2006
The document discusses how Northwestern University developed a Blackboard Building Block that integrates Plone, an open source content management system, to provide additional content types and workflow capabilities for Blackboard users. It describes how Plone is used as an image repository for an image zooming and annotation tool. It also discusses an Application Link Maker that was created to provide single sign-on functionality between Blackboard and external tools like Plone through encrypting URLs and verifying user identities and timestamps.
Zope is a Python-based application server that provides a framework for publishing hierarchical objects on the web. It has a powerful object-oriented content management system and integrated security model. Additional features can be added through products like Plone, which is a sophisticated content management framework built on Zope. Plone allows for workflow-based document publishing and embedding of wikis and other sites.
Plone A Content Management System Chitra Mohlabrighteyes
Plone is an open source content management system (CMS) that can be used to build collaboration portals and intranets. It allows for WYSIWYG editing, workflow approval processes, searching, and over 100 add-on products. The National Cancer Institute's Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics built their intranet using Plone, which cost around $10,000 and requires two weeks of programmer time for setup. Major organizations that use Plone include Oxfam America, the United Nations, NASA, and the NASA Mars Rover website.
The document is a presentation about the open source content management system (CMS) Plone. It defines Plone as an open source CMS built on Zope and Python. The presentation covers Plone features such as out-of-the-box functionality, flexibility, scalability, and a strong community. It demonstrates Plone functionality and provides resources for learning more about Plone. The presentation concludes by asking if the audience's requirements are covered by Plone.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
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This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
A Comparative Analysis of Prevention and Delinquency
1. What is the Price of Failure? A Comparative Analysis of Prevention and Delinquency M ary M agee Q uinn and Jeffrey Poirier, American Institutes for Research National Center on Education, Disability, and Juvenile Justice (EDJJ)
33. Cost of Effective Prevention and Intervention Source: Washington State Institute for Public Policy, 2001 WWW.EDJJ.ORG Program Net Cost per Participant Taxpayer Savings Taxpayer Savings and Victim Benefits Benefit-to-Cost Ratio Early Childhood Education for Disadvantaged Youth $8,936 -$4,754 $6,972 $1.78 Quantum Opportunities Program $18,964 -$8,855 $16,428 $1.87 Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care $2,052 $21,836 $87,622 $43.70
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Editor's Notes
06/01/09 Identify ourselves Talk about EDJJ Audience introductions? Ask audience to identify interests so we can tailor presentation if needed and possible