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AGP: Accelerated Graphics Port, a new connecting slot for graphics cards that
exist in the motherboard Pentium II computers.
needles (printer "needles"): see matrix.
AMD processors known manufacturer, compatible with the Intel x86 series
(Advanced Micro Devices).
AmiPro: Word Processor by Lotus, now improved and called WordPro.
Antivirus: Computer application designed to detect and remove viruses.
API: Application Programming Interface (Applications Programming Interface):
a series of functions that are available for programs for a certain environment
Apple: Home computer maker, maker of computers like the Apple II, Lisa,
Macintosh and iMac.
Archive: It is often used as synonymous with file. In the world of compressors,
often make a distinction, saying that several original files are compressed and
packed into an archive.
Autodesk: House software developer, author of applications such as AutoCad,
3D Studio, Animator, AutoSketch, etc.
B
BAT: Extension of a file consists of a lot (batch) Two orders.
BCD: Binary Coded Decimal (Binary Coded Decimal). Acronym used to refer to
a special form of binary coded decimal numbers, using 4 bits for each decimal
digit, so a byte can store two decimal numbers.

BIOS: System Basic Input / Output (Basic Input Output System). Typically
involve one or more ROM chips (usually EPROMs) containing the basic
routines and out, the first steps you should take a computer to fire, the basic
system configuration, etc..
Bit: The smallest unit of information that can store and manage a computer
equivalent to a 0 or 1.
bitmap (or bitmap). One type of images to your computer, which stores
information about the points that make and color of each point (as opposed to
vector images).This means that the larger picture is lost definition, are "fat
points."
Borland: Known software maker, author of languages such as Turbo Pascal,
Turbo C, Delphi, C Builder, JBuilder, etc., and applications such as Paradox,
Quattro Pro, etc. It has now been renamed and is called Inprise.
Bps: Bits per second: the unit used to measure the actual transfer speed of a
modem or a serial connection.
Buffer: buffer for temporary data storage in communication between a
computer and an external device (eg a printer). When is a computer program
that makes the task of intermediate storage for data that are sent to the printer,
the program is often called Spooler.
Bug: error in a program, which means that in certain circumstances may not
behave correctly.
Byte: A basic unit of information. In practice, one can consider that a byte is the
amount of space required to store a letter. Have multiples as the Kilobyte,
Megabyte, Gigabyte and Terabyte. Internally, it corresponds to 8 bits.
C
Cache: A special type of memory, faster than normal RAM (and more
expensive), which gets in the way of data ranging from the processor to the
RAM. Thus, all information that goes to the processor RAM is left temporarily
stored in the cache.When re-read information, it first checks if it is in the cache,
if there is no need to go to RAM searching. In practice, very often repetitive
operations or work with repetitive data, which makes owning cache to help

speed up your computer to normal operation. Today it is often also distinguish
cache "first level" and "second level". The first level is within the processor
itself. The second level is on the motherboard, is larger and somewhat slower.
CAM: Computer-aided manufacturing (Computer Aided Manufacturing).
or Country: In the world of databases, each of the data that make up a record
(or tab).For example, in the file for each provider would have fields like your
name, postal address, phone, etc..
Canon: known manufacturer of printers, computers and other hardware.
CCD: Device used to capture images. In scanners, this is usually a row of cells
that moves, and digital cameras a two-dimensional array. Each cell consists of
a photocell and a capacitor. The charge acquired by the capacitor depends on
the amount of light received by the photocell. (Charge Coupled Device).
CD: Usually refers to Compact Disc. Other abbreviations are: a CD-ROM, CD-R
and CD-RW. Compact Disc A computer will be able to store about 650 Mb of
information.
CD-R: A Compact Disc which can record information (Recordable), but not
delete or modify the existing one.
CD-ROM: A Compact Disc playback, which can read data but not delete or
modify (Read Only Memory). Also commonly use this same name for the device
manager to read this Compact Disc for your computer (it would be more
appropriate to call "CD-ROM).
CD-RW: A Compact Disc which can record information and delete or amend
existing (Recordable-Writable).
CGA: Color Graphics adapter (Color Graphics Adapter). One of the first
graphics cards available on PCs and compatibles. Allowed resolutions of
320x200 points with 4 colors and 640x200 points in 2 colors.
CGM:, is the extension corresponding to a vector graphic file type: Computer
Graphics Metafile.
clone: The term "clone" is being used almost as synonymous with "compatible",
but led to a still more marked: a computer that is cloned from another so closely
resembles the original (at least internally) as permitted by law in copyright.
code: the language in which the computer is able to recognize commands. The
programs created in other languages must be translated prior to machine code
(compiled) or the computer can not understand.
Compatible: It is said that a computer is compatible with everything else when

you can use software designed for that (sometimes all or part of
hardware). Nowadays, computers often speak of "compatible" when referring to
computers "PC compatible" with the range x86 processors.
Compiler: Computer application used to create programs in a programming
language. Converts programs created in a programming language the
computer's internal language (machine code).
compressor: Computer application is responsible for "compressed" information
to save space and to facilitate its storage and transport. In most cases, this
compression is done without any loss: the data can "unzip" to come back to
stay exactly as they were.
Concurrent: A computer performs several tasks concurrently when you have a
single processor, and devotes a short time to each of the tasks on.
controller: controller is often called (driver, in English) the program required for
a certain program or operating system is capable of using a device (eg a
printer).
co-processor: Processor auxiliary work designed to download the main
processor.When using only the word "coprocessor", is commonly referred to
math coprocessors, in charge of operations with real numbers (with decimals,
also called "float"). Most current processors have already incorporated the math
coprocessor (for example, the range Pentium and most 486).
CORBA: Common ORB Architecture, a standard based on ORB.
Corel: Known software maker, author of packages such as Corel Draw and also
acquired and developed others such as Ventura Publisher and WordPerfect.
CP / M: OS "professional" created by Digital Research, which was quite used 8-
bit computers.
on impresoras matriciales.
CPU: Central Processing Unit (Central Processing Unit). See "Processor."
or Cracker: A person who tries to break the protections of a computer system,
usually for malicious purposes (other than a "hacker", which seeks to deepen
some system to learn from him).
Cyrix: Known chipmaker, compatible with the Intel X86 series.
D
Dbase: Database Manager, by Ashton Tate and then bought and improved by
Borland.

DIMM: Type of RAM modules (Dual In-Line Memory Module).
Disk: A storage device, which was born as an evolution of the disk. Has a much
higher capacity (now usual passing of 2.5Gb) and is much faster, but is not
designed to be carried from one place to another, but to remain within the
computer (except a few exceptions, themselves are portable.)
DMA: Direct Memory Access, a process that allows a device (external or
internal) transfer data to computer memory can speed without data passing
through the processor (Direct Memory Access).
DNS domain name server (Domain Name Server).
DOC: Extension files created with Word and other word processors (short
document).
DOS: Disk Operating System (Disk Operating System). This is a single-user
single-tasking operating system.
DPI: Dots per inch (Dots Per Inch),.
DPMI: A series of functions that allowed DOS programs work in protected
mode, making use of all existing memory (Dos Protected Mode Interface).
DRAM: Dynamic RAM.
Driver: display driver.
DSP: Digital Signal Processor (Digital Signal Processor).
DSTN: (Dualscan SuperTwist Nematic).
Dual Scan: type color LCD screen for laptops. Offers less contrast and poorer
viewing angle TFT that, in exchange for a lower price.
DVD digital disk improved, with a capacity far superior to CD. (Digital Video
Disk or Digital Versatile Disk). ."
E
EGA: enhanced graphics adapter (Enhanced Graphics Adapter). Graphics Card
PC and compatible computers, evolution of the CGA, which could work well in
16 colors with 320x200, 640x200 and 640x350 points.

Executable: A program that can "run" or use "alone", without the need to have
a certain software application from which to manage it (for details, see
Compiler).
E-mail: e-mail (electronic mail). Message (usually private) sent over a computer
network. .
Excel: spreadsheet application by Microsoft.
EXE extension is corresponding to a type of executable file under DOS, OS / 2
and / or Windows.
expanded (memory): One of the conventions that emerged on how to access
memory above 1 Mb from the DOS operating system, something he was not
initially designed. Was inconsistent with the other proposed standard, extended
memory, which was used most.
Extension: In operating systems like MS-DOS and Windows, is often the name
of a file consists of two parts, separated by a period. The first part (Two limited
to 8 letters long) is the name itself, the second part (up to 3 letters in Two) is the
extension, which usually indicates the type of information stored that file.
F
FAQ: Collection of frequently asked questions about a certain topic and
answers (Frequently Asked Questions).
FAT file status table (File Allocation Table), something like an index of what
data is on a drive, and where are located the data.
File: A collection of information that is stored or used for consultation later. In a
computer, usually each file should have a name you can reference it. .
Firewire: Trade name of IEEE 1394, a new type of digital connection, which
enables speeds from 100 Mbps (million bits per second), and aims to reach up
to 400 Mbps (million bytes per second).
Firmware: The "software that is within the hardware." Refers to ROMs recorded
programs.
Fortran, programming language, aimed at engineering (Formula Translator).
FoxPro, database manager, made by Microsoft.
FPU, math coprocessor (Floating Point Unit).

FreeBSD UNIX operating system freely distributed.
Freeware: Computer application can be copied and distributed freely, and
whose use is free.
FTP: Internet standard protocol for file transfer (File Transfer Protocol). Also
commonly use this name for programs sending and receiving files that are
supported by this protocol.
G
GIF: This is the extension corresponding to a graphic file type of bitmap
(Graphics Interchange Format).
Gigabyte: Multiple byte: a gigabyte is 1,024 megabytes, about 1,000 million
bytes.
GMT: Greenwich Mean Time (Greenwich Mean Time). There is a unique
concept of computer science, but appears in the time settings of many
programs and operating systems. For example, the time is GMT Madrid 1.
GUI: GUI (Graphical User Interface).
H
Hacker: computer enthusiast. The word is often used to indicate also a certain
intrusion, a hacker is a person who is always willing to learn and meet new
challenges, which you can find access to a theoretically closed system. But this
does not mean it is done with malice, but by the challenge itself. When it comes
to someone with malicious intent is seldom used the word "cracker."
Hardware: The part "you can touch" of a computer: box (and all its contents),
keyboard, screen, etc.and Hayes modems known manufacturer, the operator of
the AT commands.
HD: HDD (Hard Disk) / / HD: High density (High Density).
Hewlett-Packard, a major manufacturer of hardware for nearly all types:
computers, laser and inkjet printers, plotters, etc.
Hypertext: In a classic text, the structure is completely linear reading from start
to finish, in a hypertext, it is intended to break the linear structure, through
"links" (also called "Links" or "hyperlinks") that allow jump to related topics,

where to find extended information. Internet Web pages (like this) are a clear
example of Hypertext
or Spreadsheet: Computer application to manipulate numeric data: do all kinds
of operations on them, display graphics, etc.
HTM: Extension under MSDOS files to HTML.
HTTP: The protocol used in WWW pages (HyperText Transfer Protocol).
I
IBM: Major manufacturer of computers and software (International Business
Machines).
IDE: One of the standards in connection of hard drives and similar
devices. There is an improved variant, faster, called EIDE. / / IDE integrated
development environment: an environment from which you can edit programs,
compile and debug (Integrated Development Environment).
Intel: processor known manufacturer, creator of the X86 line.
Interface: Connecting a computer to the outside, or between two devices.
Internet: Computer network worldwide. It offers various services, such as
sending and receiving electronic mail (e-mail), the ability to see information on
Web pages, participate in discussion forums (News), to send and receive files
via FTP, time chatsReal-IRC, etc.
or Rick: See compiler.
IRC: Chat (written, not loud) in real time between multiple people on the Internet
(Internet Relay Chat).
ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network or ISDN (Integrated Services Digital
Network).
ISP: Internet Service Provider (Internet Services Provider).
J
Java: programming language, object-oriented C-based, increasingly
widespread, especially through Internet.
Joystick: Joystick used in many games.
JPEG, JPG: This is the extension corresponding to a graphic file type of

bitmap. It is a compressed format that, unlike most, becomes rough when
compressed
JVM: Java Virtual Machine (Java Virtual Machine).
K
Kbps: Thousands of bps.
Kernel: kernel of an operating system.
kilobytes: Multiple byte: A kilobyte is 1,024 bytes.
K5: Processor by AMD, intermediate between the 486 and the Intel Pentium.
K7: processor made by AMD, after the K6 range, and whose final name in the
market has been Athlon.
L
LAN: Local Area Network (Local Area Network).
Laptop: Laptop which lifts a cover that houses the screen and the bottom is the
keyboard and the internal circuitry
Laser: A type of printer is generally based on a mechanism similar to that of
photocopiers.
LCD: LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
LED: light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode).
Linux: freeware version (free) operating system Unix, developed by Linus
Torvalds, with contributions from programmers around the world.
Logo: programming language, which for a time was considered more
appropriate to introduce computers to young children.
Lotus: Renowned software house, creating programs like 1-2-3, Ami Pro,
WordPro, Freelance, Notes, etc.

M
MacOS: Operating system of Apple Macintosh computers.
or Macintosh: Known range of computers made by Apple, initially based on
processors from the Motorola 68000 series, and today on PowerPC
processors.
Mainboard: English, motherboard.
Megabyte: Multiple of byte: a megabyte is 1,024 kilobytes, about one million
bytes.
MHz: megahertz, is a measure of frequency (number of times something
happens in one second). In the case of computers, a computer at 200 MHz will
be able to give 200 million steps per second. In the real speed of work not only
influence the MHz, but also the architecture of the processor (and the rest of the
components), for example, in the X86 series, unPentium to 60 MHz was about
twice as fast as a 486 to 66 MHz
Microsoft: software development house, maker of operating systems like MS-
DOS and Windows, as well as applications of all kinds.
Modem: A device that allows a computer to send and receive information by
telephone (modular-demodulator).
Mouse: A device used to communicate with the computer. Lets point out areas
of the screen, as a way to tell the computer what you want to do.
Media: The growing trend that computers are not only able to manage
information in text, but images of large, colorful, or even sounds and video
clips. This capability is what is known as Multimedia.
Multitask: This is when a computer is able to perform more than one task at a
time.It may be in parallel (if more than one processor) or concurrently (if you
only have one).
N
NMI: Non-Maskable Interrupt. Is the input of an interrupt has the highest priority
and is always accepted by the processor.
Node: a computer on a network.
Notebook: or handheld computer (laptop) closed is similar in size to an A4.

O
Objective C programming language, object-oriented language based on C.
Octal: numbering system in base 8. Used the numbers 0 through 7, and each
position of a number indicates a power of 8. For example, the decimal number
101 would be converted to octal 145 (1x64 4x8 5x1).
Office: Suite by Microsoft, which includes applications such as Word, Excel,
Outlook (and optionally other as Access or Publisher).
and Olivetti: known manufacturer of computers, printers, typewriters, etc.
OpenLinux: Linux operating system version, compiled by Caldera.
Outlook: Personal Organizer by Microsoft.
P
Password: password or password required to access a system.
PC: PC (Personal Computer). This abbreviation comes from the IBM Personal
Computer, the house created by IBM in the early 80's. The original PC was
working with unprocesador8086 at 4.77 MHz and 64 Kb of memory. Since then
often speak of the "PC" as the computers compatible with the original IBM PC
(capable of using any program that was designed for that), processors based on
Intel's X86 series.
PCI: Type standard architecture motherboard with expansion slots 32 or 64 bits,
used on computers with Pentium processor and above
PCX: The extension that corresponds to a graphic file type of bitmap.
PerfectOffice: Suite by Novell, which includes applications such as
WordPerfect and Quattro Pro
or peripheral, auxiliary device that can connect to a computer (eg a printer).
Pixel: The smallest element that forms an image ("a point"). Short for Picture
Element.
PNG: The extension that corresponds to a graphic file type bitmaps (Portable
Network Graphics).
Powerpoint: Application for creating presentations, made by Microsoft.

Processor: The brain of the computer. Its working speed is measured in
megahertz (MHz) and its processing capacity by the number of bits that can
handle at a time (eg 32 bits or 64 bits)
or word processor. One type of application that allows you to write texts of all
kinds, from letters to books. Today it is often possible to use different fonts,
include images and tables, write columns add mathematical equations, etc.
Program: a set of commands to a computer. When a program is completed and
purchased, we often speak of a Computer Application. Programs should be
written in a programming language. Programming languages that are closer to
human language that the computer are called "high-level languages (like
Pascal) which are closer to the computer are" low level "(as the
assembler). The most common is to create programs in a high-level language
(called "source") and then convert the computer's own language ("compile" for
an executable).
Proxy: Software that allows multiple computers to access the Internet through a
single physical connection. As advanced, can allow access to Web pages, FTP,
email, etc. It is often also include other services such as firewalls (firewalls).
or inch: English system unit of length equal to 2.54 cm.
R
RAM: Direct Memory Access (Random Access Memory). This name is usually
used to refer to reports which you can read and write (RWM). In últimosPC is
usual to use Fast Page Ram (386 and above), EDO Ram (486 and Pentium)
and SDRAM (latest Pentium, Pentium MMX and above).
RAR: Extension of compressed files. The compressor for the RAR.
Red Hat: One of the shops that specialize in making Linux distributions.
Registration: In the world of databases, each of the chips that make up a
table.
Release: (in Spanish, "review" or "version"). It is common for a software
application to be unchanged, improvements or corrections. The version number
usually indicates the progress of the changes. Numbers are often correlated,
and often are two figures separated by a dot
RGB color decomposition based on three basic components: red, green and
blue (Red, Green, Blue). Decomposition is common in computer displays. This
is additive color, the greater the amount of red, green and blue, closer the
resulting color to white.
RISC: A type of processor that recognizes a small set of orders, but is capable
of responding to these orders with great speed (as opposed to CISC).
ROM, read only memory (Read Only Memory).

RS232 serial connection is a standard, very common in personal
computers.There are two standard connectors, 9 pin (DB9) and 25 pins
(DB25).
Run: Run View.
S
Scanner: A device capable of reading and send still images to your
computer.From your computer will be able to print these images, modify them,
etc.
SCSI: Small Computer System Interface, a standard connection for various
devices such as hard drives or scanners. SCSI hard disks are usually faster
(and more expensive) losIDE.
SDRAM RAM type used in high-end PCs (Pentium II and above, plus some
Pentium "normal").
Series: In a serial connection, the information bits are sent one after
another. This makes communication slower than parallel transmission.
or Shareware: Computer application can be copied and distributed freely. This
is a trial version, which is usually limited in some way. If the application appears
to be satisfactory to the user that the test must then pay the author, and
receives a version of the application without any limitation.
operating system: A layer between the computer and the user. It could be
considered as a program (usually large) that takes control of the computer and
provides the basic utilities. For more advanced uses, need to install applications
such as databases, spreadsheets, custom programs, etc.
SLIP: A standard Internet protocol for connections over serial port (Serial Line
Internet Protocol).
Software: The party "can not touch" of a computer: programs and data.
Sound Card: A device that gives the computer the ability to synthesize and
make sounds as well as capture. Often a computer that has no sound card has
at least a small speaker.
Sound Blaster: One of the brands most popular sound cards. Corresponds to a
range created by Creative Labs home
SQL: A standard query language database (Structured Query Language).

SRAM: Static RAM.
Streamer: reader / writer for computer tapes special. Allow a high capacity at a
low price, but are slower than other devices such as diskettes, CD-Rom, or hard
disk.
Subnotebook: notebook (laptop) to a size smaller than A4.
T
Table: In the world of databases, a set of records (cards) that have a certain
homogeneity (for example, data from our suppliers may be stored in a single
table). : A component of many laser printers and copiers (for details, see
Laser).
TCP / IP: Protocol Standard Internet communications (Transmission Control
Protocol / Internet Protocol). issue low-quality sound.
Terabyte: Multiple byte: A terabyte is 1,024 gigabytes, about a trillion (one
trillion) bytes.
U
Unix operating system and multi-tasking
.
URL: Direction of a certain page of information in Internet (Universal Resource
Locator).
USB: Universal Serial Bus (universal serial bus), a new type of serial
connection that is gaining rapidly on certain characteristics such as: you can
connect multiple devices to a single port (up to 127), may be connected to the
computer on, and the computer detects the device in question.
or Usenet: One of the services offered by the Internet, also known as News.
V
Vector: A type of images to your computer, which stores information about the
lines and geometric shapes that compose them. This allows not lose definition if
developed further, contrary to what happens with the images "Bitmap".
VESA: Video Electronics Standards Association. An association responsible for
conducting standards related to graphics cards for computers. Architecture of
boxes made of 32-bit base (Vesa Local Bus or VLB) and identified a number of
standard video modes for a variety of SVGA graphics card.
VGA: video graphics array (Video Graphics Array). Graphics Card PC and

compatible computers, evolution of the MCGA, which could work well in 16
colors with 640x480 pixels.
Virus: A program with malicious intent, which is able to spread from one file to
another computer.
W
WAN: Wide Area Network (Wide Area Network).
.
Windows: Generic name for a family of software designed by Microsoft. Earlier
versions (up to 3.11) were a Windows-based graphical environment for the
DOS operating system. From Windows 95 (Windows 95 and Windows 98) and
is an operating system itself, with multitasking capabilities. There are also
"Special" version of Windows such as Windows NT, designed for professional
environments, or Windows CE, for laptops with very small dimensions.
Word: Word Processor by Microsoft.
World Wide Web: See WWW.
WP: It is often used as shorthand for Word Processing (word processing) or
WordPerfect.
WWW: World Wide Web: possibly the best-known Internet service: a series of
pages of information, text, images (sometimes even other possibilities, such as
sound or video clips), and linked in turn with other pages containing information
related thereto.
Z
ZIP: Extension of compressed files. The corresponding compressor is often
called ZIP or PKZIP. / / ZIP: storage unit like a floppy disk, but with a capacity of
100 Mb, created by Iomega.

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