Formaldehyde Exposure in Embalmers
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Formaldehyde is commonly used in embalming solutions and presents health risks to funeral home workers through inhalation, skin contact, and eye contact during the embalming process. Exposure can cause acute effects like irritation and respiratory issues as well as longer term risks like respiratory sensitization and cancer. Proper ventilation and personal protective equipment are recommended to reduce risks to workers handling embalming solutions containing formaldehyde.
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Eco Clean MSDS
This material safety data sheet provides information on ecoClean Concentrate, a general purpose cleaner. It contains plant-based fatty acids, amino acids, corn oil, and other naturally derived and non-hazardous ingredients. No ingredients are considered carcinogenic or toxic. The product is classified as non-hazardous and poses no known health risks if used as intended. Proper handling and storage procedures are outlined.
MSDS Annual Refresher Training by U.S. Department of Agriculture
This document provides an overview and summary of annual refresher training requirements regarding hazardous materials. It discusses the Hazard Communication Standard which requires availability of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for any hazardous chemicals on site. An MSDS provides information on the properties, hazards, safe handling procedures, and emergency response for the chemical. It also lists several chemical hazards like carcinogens, corrosives, and neurotoxins. The document outlines the sections required in an MSDS and the information in each section, such as chemical identity, health hazards, fire hazards, spill response procedures, and personal protective equipment requirements. Employers must provide annual training to ensure safe handling of hazardous chemicals.
Mercury(hg) poisoning
Mercury poisoning can occur from exposure to elemental, inorganic, and organic mercury. Elemental mercury exposure is usually from inhalation and causes respiratory and neurological symptoms. Inorganic mercury ingestion can cause gastrointestinal and kidney damage. Organic mercury exposure primarily from contaminated seafood causes delayed neurological effects like tremors and ataxia. Diagnosis is made through blood, urine, hair, and clinical exams. Chelation therapy with BAL or DMSA may be used for significant exposures. Public education is important to prevent mercury exposure and proper disposal.
OCCUPATIONAL CANCERS
2-8% of cancers are caused by occupational exposures. Certain occupations are associated with increased risks of specific cancers, such as lung cancer from asbestos, arsenic, chromium and nickel exposure. Prevention through controlling exposures, smoking cessation, and medical monitoring can help reduce cancer risks from the workplace. Epidemiological studies help identify occupational carcinogens and estimate cancer risks but have limitations like long latency periods and confounding factors.
Carcinogenicity in Relation to Environmental Pollution
Industrial and agricultural activities over the last 50 years have significantly increased the concentration of toxic pollutants in the environment such as PAHs, PCBs, chlorophenols, nitrophenols, and BTEX. Most of these substances are mutagenic and carcinogenic. Environmental pollution accounts for over 55% of all cancers according to the WHO. Carcinogens may be chemical, physical, or biological agents that can cause cancer. They may act as initiators that alter DNA or promoters that encourage uncontrolled cell growth. Cancer rates are expected to increase significantly in the coming decades due to rising environmental pollution.
Agricultural Health Hazards
This document summarizes several health risks associated with agricultural work, including respiratory diseases, certain cancers, dermatitis, and accidents. It notes that grain workers have elevated risks of chronic bronchitis due to organic dust exposure. Several cancers including brain, prostate, skin and blood cancers are elevated in farmers, possibly due to pesticide exposures like herbicides. Dermatitis is common in agricultural workers handling pesticides like propargite and sulfur. Accidental deaths from machinery and falls are a leading cause of mortality for male farm workers. The document calls for more research and prevention programs to address respiratory diseases, cancers and other agricultural health hazards.
Chemical Hazards-IAOH-BOHS
Presentation on Chemical Hazards in Industry and protection of workers, diagnosis of adverse health effects. Creating their awareness and guidance to Doctors.
Regulatory complexities in hp drugs
The document discusses regulatory requirements for manufacturing high potent drugs globally. It covers definitions of high potent and hazardous drugs, classification systems like GHS, and key considerations like determining Acceptable Daily Exposures to manage risk of cross-contamination when producing multiple high potent drugs in one facility. The talk provides an overview of complex global regulations and approaches like Risk-MaPP to establish controls that ensure regulatory compliance and personnel safety for potent pharmaceuticals.
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Cleaning Products & Air Fresheners - Toxic Air Contaminants
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
More than 20 participants took part everyday !
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Editor's Notes
- I would like to acknowledge a former student of the program HOLLY D’ANGELO-SCOTT- She conducted a study in 2004 – found that embalmers in 6 of the 7 funeral homes were intermittently exposed to concentrations of formaldehyde that exceeded the Nova Scotia provincial exposure limit of 0.3 ppm (ceiling) when conducting a “normal” embalming. Her enthusiasm for the study spurred my interest in the topic.